阅读说明：本技术 灭火器 (Fire extinguisher ) 是由 富山昇吾 远藤辰基 小林航 于 2019-09-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种能够简便地设置较薄地成形的灭火剂的灭火器。本发明的灭火器的特征在于,具备：灭火剂层,其通过燃烧产生气雾剂；第一板,其覆盖上述灭火剂层的第一表面,并且具有上述气雾剂的喷出孔；以及第二板,其覆盖上述灭火剂层的与上述第一表面相反一侧的第二表面。上述第一板的边缘部与上述第二板的边缘部也可以相互连接。此外,也可以是,在上述第一板的边缘部设置有向上述第2板侧延伸的周壁。(The invention provides a fire extinguisher capable of simply arranging a thin fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguisher of the present invention is characterized by comprising: a fire suppressant layer that generates an aerosol by combustion; a first plate that covers a first surface of the fire extinguishing agent layer and has a discharge hole for the aerosol; and a second plate covering a second surface of the fire extinguishing agent layer on a side opposite to the first surface. The edge portion of the first plate and the edge portion of the second plate may be connected to each other. Further, a peripheral wall extending toward the 2 nd plate side may be provided at an edge portion of the first plate.)

1. A fire extinguisher, which is characterized in that,

the disclosed device is provided with:

a fire suppressant layer that generates an aerosol by combustion;

a first plate covering a first surface of the fire extinguishing agent layer and having a discharge hole of the aerosol; and

a second plate covering a second surface of the fire suppressant layer on a side opposite the first surface.

2. A fire extinguisher as claimed in claim 1,

the edge portion of the first plate and the edge portion of the second plate are connected to each other.

3. A fire extinguisher as claimed in claim 1 or 2,

a peripheral wall extending toward the second plate is provided at an edge portion of the first plate.

4. A fire extinguisher as claimed in claim 3,

the first plate and the peripheral wall are made of a metal material or a resin material.

5. A fire extinguisher as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4,

further provided with: and the fixing unit is used for fixing the fire extinguisher at a required installation position.

6. A fire extinguisher as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5,

the fire extinguishing agent layer contains a fire extinguishing agent, the fire extinguishing agent contains potassium chlorate, and the total amount of endothermic peaks of the fire extinguishing agent in DSC evaluation at 100-400 ℃ and 10 ℃ per minute temperature rise is 100-900J/g.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a fire extinguisher which generates an aerosol by combustion to extinguish or suppress a flame.

Background

A fire extinguishing agent composition for extinguishing a fire or suppressing a fire by generating an aerosol through combustion is known (for example, patent document 1). The fire extinguishing agent composition can be used, for example, as a liquid such as a dispersion or as a solid such as a powder or a molded body having a desired shape.

[ Prior art documents ]

Patent document 1: international publication No. WO2017/134703

Disclosure of Invention

[ problem to be solved by the invention ]

For example, a fire extinguishing agent composition formed thinly like a sheet can be disposed in a limited space, and is therefore considered to have high convenience. However, in the case of the fire extinguishing agent of such a form, it is necessary to additionally conduct research on installation for shape retention and the like.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a fire extinguisher capable of easily providing a thinly formed fire extinguishing agent.

[ means for solving the problems ]

In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a fire extinguisher, comprising: a fire suppressant layer that generates an aerosol by combustion; a first plate covering a first surface of the fire extinguishing agent layer and having a discharge hole of the aerosol; and a second plate covering a second surface of the fire extinguishing agent layer on a side opposite to the first surface.

In the fire extinguisher according to the present invention having the above-described structure, it is preferable that the edge portion of the first plate and the edge portion of the second plate are connected to each other.

In the fire extinguisher according to the present invention having the above-described configuration, it is preferable that a peripheral wall extending toward the 2 nd plate side is provided at an edge portion of the first plate.

In the fire extinguisher according to the present invention having the above-described structure, it is preferable that the first plate and the peripheral wall are made of a metal material or a resin material.

In addition, in the fire extinguisher according to the present invention having the above-described configuration, it is preferable that the fire extinguisher further includes: and the fixing unit is used for fixing the fire extinguisher at a required installation position.

In the fire extinguisher according to the present invention having the above-described structure, the fire extinguishing agent layer preferably contains a fire extinguishing agent containing potassium chlorate, and the total amount of endothermic peaks of the fire extinguishing agent in DSC evaluation at a temperature rise of 10 ℃ per minute at 100 to 400 ℃ is 100 to 900J/g.

[ Effect of the invention ]

According to the present invention, a thinly shaped fire extinguishing agent can be easily provided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view showing a fire extinguisher 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of fire extinguisher 1.

Fig. 3 is a rear view of the fire extinguisher 1.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is an exploded view showing an assembly method of the fire extinguisher.

Fig. 6 is a schematic front view showing a fire extinguisher 2 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a top view of fire extinguisher 2.

Fig. 8 is a rear view of the fire extinguisher 2.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII of fig. 6.

Fig. 10 is an exploded view showing an example of an assembly method of the fire extinguisher 2.

Fig. 11 is an exploded view showing another example of the method of assembling the fire extinguisher 2.

Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a fire extinguisher 3 according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is an exploded view showing an example of an assembling method of the fire extinguisher 3.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, several embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these drawings. Further, the drawings are for conceptually illustrating the present invention, and in order to facilitate understanding, the size, proportion or number may be exaggerated or simplified as necessary.

The fire extinguisher disclosed below extinguishes or suppresses a fire by generating an aerosol by igniting a fire extinguishing agent layer (a substantially sheet-like fire extinguishing agent) housed in a case at a predetermined temperature, and ejecting the generated aerosol from a hole. The present fire extinguisher is preferably installed in a closed space for containing a combustible material or in the vicinity of equipment that may catch fire, for example. Examples of the former include electrochemical devices (such as a battery and a capacitor), electronic equipment and power generation equipment (such as a nacelle of a wind turbine generator system), and a container (such as a dust box). The latter may be, for example, a charger or a contact terminal. That is, the present fire extinguisher is designed to be able to be disposed in a limited space.

1. First embodiment

A fire extinguisher according to a first embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 5.

The fire extinguisher 1 of the present embodiment includes a fire extinguishing agent layer 11, plates 13, 15, and a peripheral wall 17. The plates 13 and 15 and the peripheral wall 17 among these components constitute a fire extinguishing agent container.

As shown in fig. 2, the fire extinguisher 1 and the fire extinguishing agent container are thin as a whole in such a manner as to be able to be disposed in a limited space. The size of the fire extinguisher 1 may be designed according to the installation space, the required fire extinguishing performance, for example, in the case where the thickness of the fire extinguishing agent layer 11 is about 2mm, the thickness of the fire extinguisher 11 may be about 3 mm.

Next, the components of the fire extinguisher 1 will be explained. The fire extinguishing agent layer 11 is an agent that generates an aerosol by combustion, and is formed in a sheet shape. Here, the flake-like shape means that the fire extinguishing agent has the following thickness: for example, the thickness (thinness) of the fire extinguishing agent cannot be maintained by its own weight in a state of being held horizontally, or the thickness of the fire extinguishing agent cannot be made self-supporting in a state of being grounded on the peripheral surface. Thus, the fire extinguishing agent layer 11 has a surface 111 corresponding to the first surface and a surface 113 corresponding to the second surface opposite to the first surface. The fire extinguishing agent layer 11 may be a continuous shape as a whole, or may be a shape having discontinuous portions locally.

In the present embodiment, the fire extinguishing agent layer 11 is rectangular in shape corresponding to the shape of the housing space S (see fig. 5), but may be circular or have another shape. The dimensions of the fire suppressant layer 11 are, for example, about 40mm in aspect ratio and about 2mm in thickness. The composition of the fire extinguishing agent constituting the fire extinguishing agent layer 11 will be described later.

As shown in fig. 4, the plate 13 is a plate member covering the surface 111 of the fire extinguishing agent layer 11, and corresponds to a first plate. In the present embodiment, the plate 13 is assumed to be made of a metal material such as stainless steel, iron, aluminum, or an alloy thereof, but the plate 13 may be made of another material such as resin. Further, the plate 13 is preferably: the form thereof can be maintained until a temperature higher than the combustion start temperature of the fire extinguishing agent layer 11. Among them, from the viewpoint of processing, handling, price and heat resistance, the plate 13 is preferably made of materials such as SUS304, SUS302B, SUS316L and SUSXM15J1, and preferably has a thickness of 0.1 to 1.0 mm.

As shown in fig. 1, the plate 13 has ejection holes 131 that eject the aerosol generated from the fire extinguishing agent layer 11. In the present embodiment, the discharge hole 131 is constituted by a plurality of holes regularly arranged, but the discharge hole 131 may be 1 hole or may be constituted by a plurality of holes irregularly arranged. The holes constituting the ejection holes 13 are not limited to circular, and may be, for example, quadrangular or cross-shaped. Therefore, the plate 13 can be constituted by a punched metal plate.

Next, as shown in fig. 4, the plate 15 is a plate member covering the surface 113 (the surface opposite to the surface 111) of the fire extinguishing agent layer 11, and corresponds to a second plate. Here, the plate 15 is assumed to be made of a metal material as in the case of the plate 13, but the plate 15 may be made of another material such as resin. Further, the plate 15 may be provided with an ejection hole for the aerosol.

The plate 15 is attached to the peripheral wall 17 via a holding means not shown. The holding means may be, for example, an adhesive tape, and a groove or a protrusion provided on the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 17 and engaged with the outer edge of the plate 15.

As shown in fig. 5, the peripheral wall 17 extends from the plate 13 toward the plate 15, and forms a housing space S for the fire extinguishing agent layer 11 between the plates 13, 15. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the peripheral wall 17 is formed so as to cover the fire extinguishing agent layer 11 and the peripheral surfaces of the plates 13 and 15.

The storage space S is preferably sealed except for the discharge hole 131. This improves the directivity of the aerosol ejected from the ejection holes 131, and can effectively extinguish a fire or suppress a flame.

In the present embodiment, for example, as shown in fig. 5, the peripheral wall 17 is integrally formed with the plate 13. Therefore, the peripheral wall 17 is made of the same material (i.e., a metal material or a resin material) as the plate 13.

The fire extinguisher 1 may also have a fixing unit 19 for fixing the fire extinguisher 1 to a desired installation site. In the present embodiment, the fixing means 19 is assumed to be a screw hole, but the fixing means 19 may be a double-sided tape, a hook, or the like, for example. Furthermore, the fire extinguisher 1 may also be welded to the mounting site.

The fire extinguisher 1 having the above-described structure is assembled in the following procedure.

As shown in fig. 5, the integrated plate 13 and peripheral wall 17 are prepared. Next, the fire extinguishing agent layer 11 is stored in the storage space S. Then, the surface 113 of the fire extinguishing agent layer 11 is covered with the plate 15, and the plate 15 is held on the peripheral wall 17.

The fire extinguisher 1 assembled in this way is attached to a desired attachment site by the fixing means 19. At this time, the fire extinguisher 1 is preferably set to: the plate 13 with the spouting holes 131 faces the fire source of the assumed flame.

According to the first embodiment, for example, the shape of the fire extinguishing agent layer 11 formed to be thin like a sheet can be easily maintained. Further, since the fire extinguisher 1 has a small thickness as a whole, it can be easily installed in a limited space.

Further, since the housing space S is sealed except for the ejection hole 19, the aerosol ejected from the ejection hole 19 has a certain directivity. Therefore, the aerosol can be efficiently supplied to the fire source, contributing to improvement of the fire extinguishing performance.

Further, since the fire extinguishing agent layer 11 can be replaced by detaching the plate 15, the fire extinguishing agent layer 11 can be easily replaced, and maintenance of the fire extinguisher 1 is easy.

2. Fire extinguishing agent composition

Here, a description will be given of a fire extinguishing agent (fire extinguishing agent composition) used in the fire extinguishing agent layer 11 of the present embodiment. As the fire extinguishing agent composition, various fire extinguishing agent compositions belonging to the classification of gunpowder or not can be used.

The fire extinguishing agent of the present embodiment contains, for example, 20 to 50 mass% of fuel (component A) and 80 to 50 mass% of chlorate (component B), and further contains 6 to 1000 parts by mass of potassium salt (component C) per 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the fuel and the chlorate, and the thermal decomposition initiation temperature is in a range of more than 90 to 260 ℃.

The component a fuel is a component for generating an aerosol (potassium radical) of a potassium salt derived from the component C by generating heat energy by combustion together with the component B chlorate.

The component a fuel is preferably at least one selected from dicyandiamide (dicyandiamide), nitroguanidine, guanidine nitrate, urea, melamine cyanurate (melamine cyanurate), microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel), guar gum, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, potassium carboxymethylcellulose, ammonium carboxymethylcellulose, nitrocellulose, aluminum, boron, magnesium, aluminum magnesium alloy (magnesium), zirconium, titanium hydride, tungsten, and silicon.

The component B chlorate is a strong oxidizing agent and is a component for generating an aerosol (potassium radical) derived from the potassium salt of the component C by generating heat energy by combustion together with the component a fuel.

The B component chlorate is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of potassium chlorate, sodium chlorate, strontium chlorate, ammonium chlorate and magnesium chlorate, for example.

Here, the content ratio of the component a fuel to the component B chlorate based on 100 mass% in total is, for example, as follows.

The component A comprises: 20 to 50% by mass, preferably 25 to 40% by mass, and more preferably 25 to 35% by mass.

And B component: 80 to 50% by mass, preferably 75 to 60% by mass, and more preferably 75 to 65% by mass.

Next, the potassium salt of component C is a component for generating an aerosol (potassium radical) by thermal energy generated by combustion of components a and B.

The potassium salt of component C is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of potassium acetate, potassium propionate, monopotassium citrate, dipotassium citrate, tripotassium citrate, monopotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, dipotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetate dihydrogenate, tripotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, tetrapotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, potassium hydrogenphthalate, dipotassium phthalate, potassium hydrogenoxalate, dipotassium oxalate and potassium hydrogencarbonate.

The content of the component C is preferably 6 to 1000 parts by mass, more preferably 10 to 900 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the components A and B.

Further, the thermal decomposition starting temperature of the fire extinguishing agent composition of the present embodiment is in the range of more than 90 ℃ to 260 ℃, preferably more than 150 ℃ to 260 ℃. Such a range of the thermal decomposition starting temperature can be prepared by combining the above-mentioned component a, component B and component C in the above-mentioned ratio.

The fire extinguishing agent composition of the present embodiment satisfies the range of the thermal decomposition start temperature described above, and can generate an aerosol (potassium radical) derived from component C by receiving heat at the time of fire occurrence and automatically igniting and burning component a and component B without using an ignition device or the like, for example, to extinguish a fire.

Further, the flash point temperature of general wood as a combustible material existing in a room is 260 ℃, and the condition that the thermal decomposition start temperature is not started up is set to 90 ℃ or lower (that is, the general operating temperature of the heat detector of the automatic fire alarm device installed at a place where fire is handled), so that not only can fire be rapidly extinguished, but also malfunction of the heat detector can be prevented. In particular, since the maximum set temperature of the thermal detector is 150 ℃, high versatility can be obtained by setting the lower limit value of the thermal decomposition start temperature to more than 150 ℃.

As an example of a method of forming the fire extinguishing agent, the following method can be considered: the above composition is mixed with an adhesive, stretched in a desired thickness, for example, with a roll, and cut into a desired size. Alternatively, a mixture of the fire extinguishing agent composition and the binder may be applied to a support such as paper.

Here, examples of the material of the binder include: polyolefin resins such as polypropylene resins, polyethylene resins, poly (1-) butene resins, polypentene resins, polystyrene resins, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resins, methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene resins, ethylene-vinyl acetate resins, ethylene-propylene resins, polycarbonate resins, polyphenylene ether resins, acrylic resins, polyamide resins, thermoplastic resins such as polyvinyl chloride resins, Natural Rubber (NR), Isoprene Rubber (IR), Butadiene Rubber (BR), 1, 2-polybutadiene rubber (1,2-BR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), Chloroprene Rubber (CR), nitrile rubber (NBR), butyl rubber (IIR), ethylene-propylene (EPR, EPDM), and the like, Rubbers such as chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM), acrylic rubber (ACM, ANM), epichlorohydrin rubber (CO, ECO), polysulfide rubber (T), silicone rubber (Q), fluororubber (FKM, FZ), and urethane rubber (U), thermosetting resins such as urethane resin, polyisocyanate resin, polyisocyanurate resin, phenol resin, and epoxy resin, latices such as the above thermoplastic resins and rubbers, and cellulose derivatives such as CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose), HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose), and HPMC (hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose).

3. Second embodiment

A fire extinguisher according to a second embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 6 to 11.

The fire extinguisher 2 of the embodiment includes, for example, as shown in fig. 9, a fire extinguishing agent layer 21, plates 23 and 25, and a peripheral wall 27. The plates 23, 25 and the peripheral wall 27 constitute a fire extinguishing agent container. As shown in fig. 7, the fire extinguisher 2 and the fire extinguishing agent container as a whole have a shape with a small thickness.

As the fire extinguishing agent layer 21, the same fire extinguishing agent layer as the fire extinguishing agent layer 11 of the first embodiment can be used. The plate 25 may be the same as the plate 15 of the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, for example. However, depending on the method of forming the peripheral wall 27 described later, the plate 25 is either detachably attached to the peripheral wall 27 or fixed to the peripheral wall 27 (see fig. 10 and 11).

In the present embodiment, the plate 23 and the peripheral wall 27 are different members. Therefore, for example, as shown in fig. 6 and 9, the plate 23 can be easily manufactured by perforating the plate material with the injection holes 231. As shown in fig. 10, for example, the peripheral wall 27 is a simple frame, and a housing space SS for the fire extinguishing agent layer 21 is formed inside the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 27.

The plates 23 and 25 are attached to the peripheral wall 27 (see fig. 10). The peripheral wall 27 has holding means (not shown) for holding the plates 23, 25, respectively. The holding unit referred to herein may be the same as the holding unit for holding the plate 15 on the peripheral wall 17 in the first embodiment. The plates 23 and 25 are either detachably attached to the peripheral wall 27 or fixed to the peripheral wall 27 (see fig. 10 and 11) depending on the holding means and the method of forming the peripheral wall 27 described later.

An example of a method of assembling the fire extinguisher 2 having such a structure will be described with reference to fig. 10. This assembly method is suitable when the peripheral wall 27 is a frame. Specifically, first, the fire extinguishing agent layer 21 is inserted into the storage space SS inside the peripheral wall 27. Next, the surfaces 211 and 213 of the fire extinguishing agent layer 21 are covered with the plates 23 and 25, respectively, and the plates 23 and 25 are held on the peripheral wall 27. The order of insertion of the fire extinguishing agent layer 21 and attachment of the plates 23 and 25 may be changed as appropriate.

Further, another method of assembling the fire extinguisher 2 will be described with reference to fig. 11.

First, the plate 23, the fire extinguishing agent layer 21, and the plate 25 are stacked in this order. Next, the peripheral wall 27 is formed by applying or winding a resin to the outer peripheral surface of the overlapped member. Examples of the resin used herein include a modified polyphenylene ether (PPE) resin, a polyimide resin, a polycarbonate resin, a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resin, a polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) resin, a fluororesin, a Polyacetal (POM) resin, a Polyetherimide (PEI) resin, a polyether sulfone (PES) resin, a polyphenylene sulfone (PPS) resin, a Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP) resin, and the like.

According to the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the fire extinguishing agent layer 21 formed thinly can be easily held, and can be easily provided in a limited space. Further, since each component has a simple shape, reduction in manufacturing cost can be expected.

4. Third embodiment

A fire extinguisher according to a third embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 12 and 13.

As shown in fig. 12, the fire extinguisher 3 of the present embodiment has a small thickness as a whole, and includes a fire extinguishing agent layer 31 and plates 33 and 35 constituting a container. As the fire extinguishing agent layer 31, the same fire extinguishing agent layer as the fire extinguishing agent layer 11 of the first embodiment can be used.

The plate 33 has the injection holes 331, and is bent toward the plate 35 side at the edge portion 33A. Further, the plate 35 is bent toward the plate 33 side at the edge portion 35A. In addition, the material of the plates 33, 35 may be the same as that of the plates 13, 15 of the first embodiment.

As shown in fig. 13, the fire extinguisher 3 is manufactured by sandwiching a fire extinguishing agent layer 31 between plates 33, 35. The plates 33, 35 are connected to each other at the edge portions 33A, 35A and fixed to each other. As a method of fixing the plates 33, 35, for example, bonding, welding, caulking, or the like can be performed by an adhesive.

In the present embodiment, the plates 33, 35 also function as the peripheral wall. Therefore, by punching the injection holes 331 in the plate material and bending the edge portion, the plates 33 and 35 can be easily manufactured at low cost.

While the representative embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various design changes can be made, and all of them are included in the present invention.

For example, a barrier may be interposed between the plate 13(23, 33) and the fire extinguishing agent layer 11(21, 31) to prevent the fire extinguishing agent constituting the fire extinguishing agent layer 11(21, 31) from peeling to the outside. As the barrier, a wire mesh, tissue paper, a resin sheet, or the like can be considered.

[ description of symbols ]

1. 2, 3 fire extinguishers;

11. 21, 31 fire extinguishing agent layer;

13. 15, 23, 25, 33, 35 plates;

17. 27 peripheral walls;

131. 231, 331 holes.