阅读说明：本技术 一种基于自动化预警机制的深海立管主动抑振控制系统 (Deep sea riser initiative vibration suppression control system based on automatic early warning mechanism ) 是由 刘雨 李朋 王宇 董正凯 李�权 姜振兴 冯丽苹 丛爱军 刘丽华 梁超 王传振 于 2019-10-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于深海工程技术领域,具体涉及一种基于自动化预警机制的深海立管主动抑振控制系统。本发明建立由光纤光栅(FBG)应变、压力传感器、射水型主动抑振装置(包括高压开孔管,高压输流管,高强连接装置,高压水泵,控制阀,变压阀)、控制电脑组成的深海立管涡激振动主动抑振控制系统。当海水流经深海立管时,光纤光栅解调仪将应变、压力传感器采集到的振动数据传输给电脑监测系统,当接收到的应变信号超过临界值,电脑反馈系统将预警指令传输至控制阀,自动开启高压水泵；电脑监测系统再通过压力信号判断深海立管振动等级,电脑反馈系统将指令传输至变压阀,对高压水泵功率进行二次调控,以此来改变不同振动等级下输出的流体压力。整个过程可实现自动预警及主动抑制。(The invention belongs to the technical field of deep sea engineering, and particularly relates to a deep sea riser active vibration suppression control system based on an automatic early warning mechanism. The invention establishes a deep sea riser vortex-induced vibration active vibration suppression control system which consists of a Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) strain and pressure sensor, a water jet type active vibration suppression device (comprising a high-pressure perforated pipe, a high-pressure flow transmission pipe, a high-strength connecting device, a high-pressure water pump, a control valve and a variable pressure valve) and a control computer. When seawater flows through the deep sea riser, the fiber grating demodulator transmits vibration data acquired by the strain and pressure sensors to the computer monitoring system, and when a received strain signal exceeds a critical value, the computer feedback system transmits an early warning instruction to the control valve and automatically starts the high-pressure water pump; the computer monitoring system judges the vibration level of the deep sea riser through the pressure signal, and the computer feedback system transmits an instruction to the pressure change valve to perform secondary regulation and control on the power of the high-pressure water pump so as to change the pressure of the fluid output under different vibration levels. The whole process can realize automatic early warning and active inhibition.)

1. The utility model provides a deep sea riser initiative vibration suppression control system based on automatic early warning mechanism which characterized in that: the control system mainly comprises three parts, namely a deep sea vertical pipe vibration data acquisition device, a control computer and a water jet type active vibration suppression device.

2. The deep sea riser active vibration suppression control system based on the automatic early warning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the deep sea riser vibration data acquisition device comprises FBG strain and pressure sensors and a fiber bragg grating demodulator.

3. The deep sea riser active vibration suppression control system based on the automatic early warning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control computer comprises a data monitoring system and a signal feedback system.

4. The deep sea riser active vibration suppression control system based on the automatic early warning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water-jet active vibration-suppressing device includes high-pressure perforated pipe, high-pressure flow-conveying pipe, high-strength connecting device, high-pressure water pump, control valve and variable-pressure valve.

5. The deep sea riser active vibration suppression control system based on the automatic early warning mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: the FBG strain sensor and the FBG pressure sensor jointly act on the deep sea riser to acquire original spectrum signals of strain and pressure generated when the deep sea riser vibrates.

6. The deep sea riser active vibration suppression control system based on the automatic early warning mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: and the fiber bragg grating demodulator is used for further processing the deep sea riser vibration original strain and pressure signals collected by the FBG sensor in parallel.

7. The deep sea riser active vibration suppression control system based on the automatic early warning mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: the strain signal of the deep sea riser received by the computer monitoring system exceeds the early warning critical value, the computer signal feedback system transmits the early warning instruction to the control valve, the control valve automatically opens the high-pressure water pump, otherwise, the strain signal of the deep sea riser is lower than the early warning critical value, and the control valve automatically closes the high-pressure water pump.

8. The deep sea riser active vibration suppression control system based on the automatic early warning mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: after the high-pressure water pump is started, the computer data monitoring system judges different vibration levels through a pressure signal of the deep sea vertical pipe, the computer signal feedback system further transmits an instruction to the variable pressure valve, and secondary regulation and control are carried out on the output power of the high-pressure water pump, so that the pressure of fluid ejected from the high-pressure perforated pipe under different levels of vibration is changed.

9. The deep sea riser active vibration suppression control system based on the automatic early warning mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: the high-pressure perforated pipe is a main component of the active vibration suppression device, and the high-pressure flow pipe is connected with the high-pressure water pump through the high-strength connecting piece and is arranged right behind the deep sea vertical pipe.

10. The deep sea riser active vibration suppression control system based on the automated early warning mechanism according to claim 9, wherein: the high-pressure perforated pipe is longitudinally perforated at three faces of 120 degrees, the through length is arranged, the size of each aperture is 0.1D, the center distance between every two apertures is 1.1D, D is the diameter of the deep sea vertical pipe, the water jetting holes of the high-pressure perforated pipe jet high-pressure water flow along three directions, the water flow jet on the section can meet the omnidirectional requirement of incoming flow, and the active vibration suppression effect is achieved.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of deep sea engineering, and particularly relates to an automatic early warning control system for actively inhibiting vortex-induced vibration of a deep sea riser, reducing vibration amplitude and prolonging the fatigue life of the riser.

Background

The Marine Riser (Marine Riser) is used for connecting an offshore platform and a seabed wellhead, is a necessary transmission pipeline for deep sea oil and gas resource development, and is the most complex equipment in a deep sea production system. During the operation of the marine oil and gas development system, high-pressure oil or gas flows through the interior of the riser, and the exterior of the riser needs to bear the load of various complex marine environments such as waves, ocean currents, ice, earthquakes and the like; the top is provided with a platform connected with the top, and the bottom is connected with a seabed wellhead. The stand pipe has the advantages of severe service environment, extremely complex stress and huge construction cost, is a high-tech engineering facility for ocean oil and gas development, and is one of weak and vulnerable engineering facilities. Based on the structural characteristics of the large slenderness ratio of the vertical pipe, the vertical pipe is in the action of complex marine environmental loads such as waves and ocean currents for a long time, and forced excitation vibration can occur in the downstream direction; meanwhile, Vortex can be alternately formed on two sides of the vertical pipe under the action of the ocean current, and Vortex shedding generates a periodic variable force, so that Vortex-induced vibration (VIV) is generated in the vertical transverse direction of the vertical pipe along the downstream direction, and is a main factor for causing fatigue damage. Once the damage of the riser occurs, huge economic loss is caused and serious marine pollution and secondary disasters are caused.

Effectively inhibiting the damage of vortex-induced vibration to the stand pipe, and having important engineering value and theoretical significance. In order to effectively reduce the destructive effect of vortex-induced vibration on the riser, various researchers, research institutions, and oil companies have made extensive studies on the suppression of vortex-induced vibration, and it has been proposed to suppress vortex-induced vibration and improve the fatigue life of the riser, i.e., "passive suppression", by adding a vibration suppression device to the outer side of the riser, that is, by changing the surface shape of a structure or adding another device to the surface of the structure to destroy the formation of vortices and weaken the fluid oscillation force. For passive suppression, a vibration suppression device is added on the outer side of the riser to suppress vortex-induced vibration, so that drag force is increased, downstream amplitude is increased, and fatigue failure of the riser is aggravated. Due to the complex marine environmental conditions, the restriction of waves and incoming flow directions and the adhesion of marine plankton, the existing vibration suppression device has limitation in use and can not meet the requirement on the service life of the stand pipe.

The active suppression is that external disturbance is introduced into a flow field by using a driving device input by external energy so as to control vortex shedding and reduce the structural vibration amplitude. For active inhibition, a test system and an inhibition effect are development bottlenecks, and the research is less at present. With the development of ocean oil and gas towards deep water and ultra-deep water, active suppression has greater advantages than passive suppression, research on a riser vortex-induced vibration active suppression test system is developed, important practical significance is achieved on reducing damage risks of a riser in a service period, simultaneously, a riser vortex-induced vibration process design theory can be perfected, important theoretical significance and engineering application value are achieved, and the method is one of key problems to be solved urgently in the existing riser vortex-induced vibration suppression design theory.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to design a deep sea riser active vibration suppression control system based on an automatic early warning mechanism aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the conventional deep sea riser vortex-induced vibration active suppression early warning system. In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the system is as follows:

the active vibration suppression control system for the deep sea riser based on the automatic early warning mechanism mainly comprises a high-pressure water pump device, a high-pressure flow transmission pipe, a high-pressure perforated pipe, a high-strength connecting piece, a control valve and a pressure change valve for controlling and adjusting the high-pressure water pump, an FBG strain sensor, an FBG pressure sensor, an optical fiber grating demodulator and a computer monitoring and feedback system.

The high-pressure perforated pipe and the deep-sea vertical pipe are arranged in parallel along the vertical direction and are arranged right behind the vertical pipe, and the water jetting holes of the high-pressure perforated pipe are evenly divided into three rows at 120 degrees along the axis direction of the pipeline, so that the omnidirectional requirement of incoming flow can be met.

The system comprises a high-pressure water pump, a high-pressure tapping pipe, a control valve, a variable pressure valve, a computer monitoring system and a control valve, wherein the high-pressure water pump is connected with the high-pressure tapping pipe through the high-pressure tapping pipe, the control valve and the variable pressure valve are connected with the high-pressure tapping pipe, a strain early warning program for starting the high-pressure water pump and a pressure early warning program for different vibration levels of a vertical pipe are written in the computer monitoring system, when ocean current or waves pass through the deep-sea vertical pipe, once a vertical pipe strain signal received by the computer monitoring program exceeds an early warning critical value, a computer feedback system transmits an early warning instruction to the control valve, the; after the high-pressure water pump is started, the monitoring system judges different vibration levels through a riser pressure signal, the computer feedback system further transmits an instruction to the variable pressure valve to regulate and control the output power of the high-pressure water pump for the second time, so that the pressure of fluid ejected from the high-pressure perforated pipe under different levels of vibration is changed, and finally the effect of actively inhibiting vortex-induced vibration is achieved. By adopting the technical scheme, the system has the following beneficial effects:

1. the water jetting holes of the high-pressure perforated pipe in the system are distributed around the water jetting pipe in an equal distribution manner of 120 degrees, so that the requirement of the omni-directionality can be met when facing seawater and waves, vortex shedding generated in all directions is damaged, vortex-induced vibration of the vertical pipe is inhibited, and the fatigue life of the vertical pipe is prolonged.

2. The active vibration suppression control system can fill the blank that the existing active vibration suppression control system of the deep sea riser based on an automatic early warning mechanism is applied to reality, can efficiently suppress vortex-induced vibration response of the deep sea riser, and maximally reduces fatigue damage and damage of the riser.

3. The system of the invention can save energy output, avoid material waste and prevent environmental pollution, and the whole operation process can completely realize self modulation, thereby achieving automatic intelligent control and specifically inhibiting the vibration of the vertical tube at different levels.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall process of the system of the present invention

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a computer monitoring and feedback system

The system comprises a high-pressure water pump 1, a water inlet 2, a water outlet 3, a control valve 4, a computer monitoring and feedback system 5, a pressure change valve 6, a high-pressure fluid jet hole 7, a high-pressure perforated pipe 9, a fiber bragg grating demodulator 10, a deep sea riser 10, an FBG pressure sensor 11, an FBG strain sensor 12, a high-pressure flow transmission pipe 13 and ocean currents or waves 14.

Detailed Description

The following describes in greater detail an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention relates to a deep sea riser active vibration suppression control system based on an automatic early warning mechanism, which mainly comprises nine parts, namely a high-pressure water pump 1, a high-pressure flow transmission pipe 13, a high-pressure hole pipe 8, a control valve 4 and a pressure change valve 6 for controlling and adjusting the high-pressure water pump, an FBG strain sensor 12, an FBG pressure sensor 11, an optical fiber grating demodulator 9 and a computer monitoring and feedback system 5, as shown in figure 1. When ocean currents or waves 14 flow through the deep sea riser 10, the FBG strain sensors 12 and the FBG pressure sensors 11 around the riser acquire strain and pressure data of the riser, and the strain signals and the pressure signals are processed by the fiber bragg grating demodulator 9 and then transmitted to a computer system.

As shown in fig. 2, the computer system includes two modules of monitoring and feedback, a strain early warning program for starting the high-pressure water pump 1 and a pressure early warning program for different vibration levels of the stand pipe are written in the monitoring system 5, once a stand pipe strain signal received by the computer monitoring program exceeds an early warning critical value, the computer feedback system 5 transmits an early warning instruction to the control valve 4, the control valve 4 automatically starts the high-pressure water pump 1, and when the stand pipe strain signal is lower than the early warning critical value, the control valve 4 automatically closes the high-pressure water pump 1; after the high-pressure water pump 1 is started, the monitoring system 5 judges different vibration levels through a riser pressure signal, the computer feedback system 5 further transmits an instruction to the variable pressure valve 6, and secondary regulation and control are carried out on the output power of the high-pressure water pump 1, so that the pressure of fluid ejected from the high-pressure perforated pipe 8 under different strong and weak vibrations is changed; the high-pressure water pump 1 is connected with the high-pressure perforated pipe 8 through the high-pressure flow transmission pipe 13, three rows of high-pressure fluid injection holes 7 are formed in the high-pressure perforated pipe 8 along the longitudinal direction at an angle of 120 degrees and are arranged in a full-length mode, sensitivity to the incoming flow direction is avoided, and automatic early warning control can be achieved for the whole system.