阅读说明：本技术 一种煤炭露天开采爆破方法 (Coal open-pit mining blasting method ) 是由 吴珅 顾超 于 2020-12-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种煤炭露天开采爆破方法,其使用了一种煤炭露天开采爆破装置,该煤炭露天开采爆破装置包括支撑匚型架、移动轮、定位机构和钻孔机构,本发明可解决在进行煤炭露天开采爆破过程中,由于大块的岩石在爆破作业后为呈自然状态散落在地面上,在工人对其进行钻孔作业时的振动可能会造成岩石发生滑落的风险,而且在钻孔的过程中,为提升不同体积大小岩石爆破作业的成功率,往往会对体积大的岩石的钻孔直径进行扩张,以便于装填合适体积的爆破炸药,使用传统的钻孔工具往往会需要经常更换钻头的大小来适应不同体积岩石的钻孔直径,这增加了工人的劳动强度,降低了煤炭露天开采爆破作业的作业效率等问题。(The invention relates to a coal open-pit mining blasting method, which uses a coal open-pit mining blasting device, which comprises a support Contraband type frame, a moving wheel, a positioning mechanism and a drilling mechanism, and can solve the problem that in the process of blasting open-pit mining of coal, because large rocks are scattered on the ground in a natural state after blasting operation, the vibration of workers during drilling operation can cause the risk of rock falling off, and in the process of drilling, in order to improve the success rate of blasting operation of rocks with different volumes, the drilling diameter of rocks with large volumes is often expanded so as to be convenient for filling blasting explosives with proper volumes, and the traditional drilling tool often needs to frequently change the size of a drill bit to adapt to the drilling diameters of rocks with different volumes, thereby increasing the labor intensity of the workers, the problems of the operation efficiency of the coal open-pit mining blasting operation and the like are solved.)

1. A coal surface mining blasting method uses a coal surface mining blasting device which comprises a support Contraband type frame (1), a moving wheel (2), a positioning mechanism (3) and a drilling mechanism (4), and is characterized in that: the specific method for the open-pit coal mining blasting operation by adopting the open-pit coal mining blasting device comprises the following steps:

s1, overall blasting: firstly, blasting tools such as detonators and the like are used manually to carry out integral blasting treatment on outer layer rocks of coal to be mined so as to expose the coal;

s2, moving and positioning: pushing the Contraband-shaped frame (1) to move above the large rock generated by blasting in the step S1 through manually pushing through the moving wheel (2), and positioning and clamping the rock through the positioning mechanism (3);

s3, fixed point blasting: after the step S2 is finished, drilling the rock by a drilling mechanism (4), after the drilling is finished, manually filling detonators into the drilled holes, and then performing secondary blasting treatment on the large rock to split the large rock into small blocks;

s4, collecting and mining: step S3, cleaning broken stones scattered around the coal through the existing mechanical equipment, and mining the coal through the existing mining equipment after cleaning;

the support Contraband type frame (1) is placed with an opening facing downwards, the corners of the periphery of the lower end of the support Contraband type frame (1) are uniformly provided with moving wheels (2) through rotating fit, the upper end of the support Contraband type frame (1) is provided with a positioning mechanism (3), and the positioning mechanism (3) is provided with a drilling mechanism (4);

the positioning mechanism (3) comprises shifting slide bars (3a), shifting screws (3b), shifting motors (3c), shifting bottom plates (3d), positioning slide bars (3e), positioning springs (3f), positioning sliding plates (3g), limiting sliding grooves (3h), limiting seats (3j), limiting springs (3k) and clamping units (3m), the shifting slide bars (3a) are uniformly installed on two sides of a support Contraband type frame (1), the shifting bottom plates (3d) are installed between the shifting slide bars (3a) in a sliding fit manner, the shifting screws (3b) are installed on a support Contraband type frame (1) between the shifting slide bars (3a) through bearings, the shifting screws (3b) are connected with the shifting bottom plates (3d) in a thread fit manner, the shifting motors (3c) are installed on the support Contraband type frame (1) through motor seats, output shafts of the shifting motors (3c) are connected with the shifting screws (3b) through couplings, the middle part of the shifting bottom plate (3d) is provided with a circle center notch, the lower end of the shifting bottom plate (3d) positioned outside the circle center notch is uniformly provided with a positioning slide bar (3e), the positioning slide bar (3e) is provided with a positioning slide plate (3g) in a sliding fit manner, the positioning slide bar (3e) positioned between the positioning slide plate (3g) and the shifting bottom plate (3d) is uniformly sleeved with a positioning spring (3f), the positioning slide plate (3g) is uniformly provided with a limiting slide groove (3h) along the circumferential direction thereof, a limiting seat (3j) is uniformly arranged in the limiting slide groove (3h) in a sliding fit manner, the limiting seat (3j) is connected with the positioning slide plate (3g) through a limiting spring (3k), and the limiting seat (3j) is uniformly provided with clamping units (3m) in a;

the drilling mechanism (4) comprises a fixing frame (4a), a lifting motor (4b), a lifting gear (4c), a lifting slide rod (4d), meshing teeth (4e), a drilling motor (4f), a drilling rotary drum (4g), a reaming cylinder (4h), a reaming slide seat (4j), a reaming slide rod (4k), a reaming connecting rod (4m), a reaming rotary rod (4n), a reaming wheel (4t), a reset spring (4p), a reaming sliding chute (4q) and a reaming sliding block (4r), wherein the fixing frame (4a) is installed at the upper end of a shifting bottom plate (3d), the lifting slide rod (4d) is installed in the middle of the fixing frame (4a) in a sliding fit manner, the meshing teeth (4e) are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the lifting slide rod (4d) from top to bottom, the lifting gear (4c) is installed on the fixing frame (4a) positioned on one side of the meshing teeth (4, and the lifting gear (4c) is in meshing transmission with the meshing teeth (4e), a lifting motor (4b) is installed on the fixed frame (4a) through a motor base, an output shaft of the lifting motor (4b) is connected with the lifting gear (4c) through a spline, a drilling rotary drum (4g) is installed at the lower end of the lifting slide bar (4d) through rotating fit, the drilling rotary drum (4g) is located in the circular notch, a drilling motor (4f) is installed in the lifting slide bar (4d) through the motor base, an output shaft of the drilling motor (4f) is connected with the drilling rotary drum (4g), a reaming slide bar (4k) is installed in the drilling rotary drum (4g), a reaming slide seat (4j) is installed at the upper end of the reaming slide bar (4k) through sliding fit, a reaming cylinder (4h) is installed in the drilling rotary drum (4g), an output shaft of the reaming cylinder (4h) is, install reaming connecting rod (4m) through the normal running fit symmetry along its circumference on reaming slide (4j), reaming bull stick (4n) is installed through the normal running fit symmetry to the lower extreme of reaming slide bar (4k), the one end of reaming bull stick (4n) is connected with reaming connecting rod (4m) through the normal running fit, reaming wheel (4t) is installed through the normal running fit to the other end of reaming bull stick (4n), be located the drilling rotary drum (4g) in the reaming wheel (4t) outside and have seted up reaming spout (4q) symmetrically, install reaming slider (4r) through the normal running fit symmetry in reaming spout (4q), the inside wall of reaming slider (4r) supports and leans on reaming wheel (4t), reaming slider (4r) that are located reaming wheel (4t) both sides are connected with reaming slide bar (4k) through reset spring (4 p).

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the clamping unit (3m) comprises a connecting shaft (3m1), a clamping slide rod (3m2), a clamping wheel (3m3), a clamping base (3m4), clamping Contraband type frames (3m5), clamping blocks (3m6) and clamping spring rods (3m7), clamping Contraband type frames (3m5) are uniformly installed on the outer wall of a limiting seat (3j) through rotating fit, clamping blocks (3m6) are symmetrically installed on clamping Contraband type frames (3m5) on two sides of the limiting seat (3j), clamping spring rods (3m7) are installed in the middle of clamping Contraband type frames (3m5) through rotating fit, the moving end of the clamping spring rods (3m7) is connected with the limiting seat (3j) through rotating fit, clamping slide rods (3m2) are installed on the outer sides of the clamping Contraband type frames (3m5) through rotating fit, clamping slide rods (3m2) are arranged at the upper end of the clamping slide rod (3m2), and a clamping slide rod (3m 3g) is uniformly positioned on the inner side of the clamping slide rod (3m) along the circumferential positioning slide rod (3g) m1), connecting axle (3m1) are located the centre gripping spout and connecting axle (3m1) and centre gripping slide bar (3m2) sliding fit, centre gripping wheel (3m3) is installed through normal running fit to the upper end tip of centre gripping slide bar (3m2), be located and be provided with centre gripping base (3m4) on aversion bottom plate (3d) in location slide bar (3e) outside, centre gripping wheel (3m3) support by rolling fit and lean on the lateral wall of centre gripping base (3m 4).

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the blasting method for surface mining of coal comprises: the clamping base (3m4) is provided with an inclined surface, and the clamping slide bar (3m2) can be driven to rotate by taking the connecting shaft (3m1) as the center of a circle through the rolling fit between the inclined surface and the clamping wheel (3m 3).

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the positioning slide bar (3e) is a telescopic slide bar and can adapt to the change of the distance between the positioning slide plate (3g) and the shifting bottom plate (3 d).

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the thickness of the lower end of the limiting seat (3j) is smaller than that of the upper end, the limiting seat (3j) can uniformly and synchronously move downwards along the periphery of the rock by setting a certain inclination angle, and the multi-station limiting seat (3j) can adapt to the rugged change of the shape of the outer side surface of the rock.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the lower end of the drilling rotary drum (4g) is provided with a drill bit, and the size of the effective drilling diameter during drilling operation can be controlled by controlling the extending and contracting state of the reaming sliding block (4r) along the reaming sliding groove (4 q).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a coal open-pit mining blasting method.

Background

Coal mines are areas where humans mine coal resources in coal-rich mining areas, and are generally divided into underground coal mines and opencast coal mines. When the coal seam is far from the ground surface, a tunnel is usually dug to the underground, so that the coal is a mineworker coal mine. When the coal seam is very close to the earth surface, the coal is generally excavated by directly stripping the earth surface, which is an open pit coal mine. Open-pit mining is mining by removing rock and cover overlying a coal seam to expose the coal to the surface, wherein the process of removing the soil and rock is called stripping, the process of mining the coal is called coal mining, and the open-pit mining generally divides a well field into a plurality of horizontal layers which are mined layer by layer from top to bottom to form a step shape in space. The method has good labor condition and higher safety, and is a coal mining method which is emphasized to be developed in China

In the process of coal surface mining, blasting and stripping treatment is often carried out on rocks covered on the outer layer of coal, and in the traditional blasting operation process of coal surface mining, the following problems often exist:

1) traditional coal opencut mining blasting operation, because the variety of rock structure, the rock hardness in different regions presents the variety, after carrying out holistic blasting operation, often can produce rock fragment not of uniform size, often be difficult to carry it to the bold rock and remove, need carry out secondary blasting and handle, at this in-process, often all manual use drilling equipment of manual work carries out the drilling operation to the rock, this has increased artificial intensity of labour, the rubble that produces in the drilling process and dust also can lead to the fact the injury to workman's health moreover.

2) Traditional coal open-air mining blasting operation, because bold rock scatters subaerial for being natural state after blasting operation, vibration when the workman carries out drilling operation to it can cause the rock to take place the risk of landing, influence drilling equipment's normal operation promptly, also cause the potential safety hazard to workman's operational environment, and at the in-process of drilling, for the success rate that promotes different size of volume rock blasting operation, often can expand the drilling diameter of bulky rock, so that load the blasting explosive of suitable volume, use traditional drilling tool often to need often change the drilling diameter that the size of drill bit adapts to different volume rocks, this intensity of labour who has increased the workman, the operating efficiency of coal mining blasting operation has been reduced.

Based on the problems, the invention provides a coal surface mining blasting method.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for blasting open-pit coal mining, which can solve the problems in the background art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose: a coal surface mining blasting method uses a coal surface mining blasting device, the coal surface mining blasting device comprises a support Contraband type frame, a moving wheel, a positioning mechanism and a drilling mechanism, and the specific method for blasting the coal surface mining by adopting the coal surface mining blasting device comprises the following steps:

s1, overall blasting: firstly, blasting tools such as detonators and the like are used manually to carry out integral blasting treatment on outer layer rocks of coal to be mined so as to expose the coal;

s2, moving and positioning: pushing the Contraband-shaped frame to move above the large rock generated by blasting in the step S1 by manually pushing through the moving wheel, and positioning and clamping the rock through a positioning mechanism;

s3, fixed point blasting: after the step S2 is finished, drilling the rock by a drilling mechanism, manually filling detonators into the drilled holes after the drilling is finished, and then performing secondary blasting treatment on the large rock to split the large rock into small blocks;

s4, collecting and mining: step S3, cleaning broken stones scattered around the coal through the existing mechanical equipment, and mining the coal through the existing mining equipment after cleaning;

support Contraband type frame and place downwards for the opening, support Contraband type frame's lower extreme corner all around evenly installs through normal running fit and removes the wheel, supports Contraband type frame's upper end and installs positioning mechanism, the last drilling mechanism that installs of positioning mechanism.

The positioning mechanism comprises shifting slide bars, shifting screw rods, shifting motors, shifting bottom plates, positioning slide bars, positioning springs, positioning slide plates, limiting chutes, limiting seats, limiting springs and clamping units, the shifting slide bars are uniformly installed on two sides of a support Contraband type frame, the shifting bottom plates are installed between the shifting slide bars through sliding fit, the shifting screw rods are installed on a support Contraband type frame between the shifting slide bars through bearings, the shifting screw rods are connected with the shifting bottom plates through thread fit, the shifting motors are installed on a support Contraband type frame through motor seats, output shafts of the shifting motors are connected with the shifting screw rods through couplers, circle center notches are formed in the middle of the shifting bottom plates, the positioning slide bars are uniformly installed at the lower ends of the shifting bottom plates outside the circle center notches, the positioning slide plates are installed on the positioning slide bars through sliding fit, the positioning springs are uniformly sleeved on the positioning slide bars between the positioning slide plates and, the positioning slide plate is evenly provided with limiting chutes along the circumferential direction, limiting seats are evenly arranged in the limiting chutes through sliding fit, the limiting seat is connected with the positioning sliding plate through a limiting spring, clamping units are uniformly arranged on the limiting seat through rotating fit, the thickness of the lower end of the limiting seat is smaller than that of the upper end, the limiting seats can move downwards along the periphery of the rock uniformly and synchronously by setting a certain inclination angle, the arranged limiting springs can pull the inner side walls of the limiting seats to be always abutted against the outer surface of the rock through the action of elasticity, the rock is abutted and supported simultaneously through the plurality of limiting seats uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction, the rugged change of adaptable rock surface shape promotes the stability of location, and the lower extreme that the positioning spring accessible elasticity that sets up promoted the location slide supports all the time on the outer wall of rock, avoids the rubble that produces in follow-up drilling operation to splash everywhere through the effect of sheltering from.

The drilling mechanism include the mount, elevator motor, the lifting gear, the lift slide bar, the meshing tooth, drilling motor, the drilling rotary drum, the reaming cylinder, the reaming slide seat, the reaming slide bar, the reaming connecting rod, the reaming bull stick, the reaming wheel, reset spring, reaming spout and reaming slider, the mount is installed to the upper end of aversion bottom plate, the lift slide bar is installed through sliding fit in the middle part of mount, from the top down evenly is provided with the meshing tooth on the lateral wall of lift slide bar, install the lifting gear through rotating fit on the mount that is located meshing tooth one side, and lifting gear and meshing tooth meshing transmission, elevator motor is installed through the motor cabinet on the mount, elevator motor's output shaft is connected with the lifting gear through the spline, the drilling rotary drum is installed through rotating fit to the lower extreme of lift slide bar, and the drilling rotary drum is located circular notch, install drilling motor through the, the output shaft of drilling motor is connected with the drilling rotary drum, install the reaming slide bar in the drilling rotary drum, the reaming slide bar is installed through sliding fit in the upper end of reaming slide bar, install the reaming cylinder in the drilling rotary drum, the output shaft of reaming cylinder is connected with the reaming slide base, install the reaming connecting rod through the normal running fit symmetry along its circumference on the reaming slide base, the reaming bull stick is installed through the normal running fit symmetry in the lower extreme of reaming slide bar, the one end of reaming bull stick is connected with the reaming connecting rod through the normal running fit, the reaming wheel is installed through the normal running fit to the other end of reaming bull stick, the reaming spout has been seted up symmetrically on the drilling rotary drum that lies in the reaming wheel outside, install the reaming slider through the normal running fit symmetry in the reaming spout, the inside wall of reaming slider supports and leans on the reaming wheel, the inside wall of the reset spring accessible spring action pulling reaming slider that sets up supports all the time and leans on the reaming wheel, stretches out along the reaming spout through control reaming slider and the size of the steerable drilling diameter of state when operation of contracting to this different drilling size requirement that adapts to different volume rocks.

Further, the centre gripping unit include the connecting axle, the centre gripping slide bar, the centre gripping wheel, the centre gripping base, centre gripping Contraband type frame, grip block and centre gripping spring beam, evenly install centre gripping Contraband type frame through the normal running fit on the outer wall of spacing seat, symmetrically install the grip block on the centre gripping Contraband type frame that is located spacing seat both sides, the centre gripping spring beam is installed through the normal running fit in the middle part of centre gripping Contraband type frame, the removal end of centre gripping spring beam is connected with spacing seat through the normal running fit, centre gripping slide bar is installed through the normal running fit in the outside of centre gripping Contraband type frame, centre gripping spout has been seted up to the upper end of centre gripping slide bar, evenly install the connecting axle along its circumference on the location slide board of centre gripping slide bar inboard, the connecting axle is located centre gripping spout and connecting axle and centre gripping slide bar sliding fit, centre gripping wheel is installed through normal running fit to the upper end of, the centre gripping wheel supports on the lateral wall of centre gripping base through the roll cooperation, the inclined plane that sets up on the centre gripping base is at the in-process of downstream, through with the centre gripping between the wheel support the effect can drive the centre gripping slide bar and use the connecting axle to rotate as the centre of a circle, the flexible characteristic of elasticity of centre gripping spring beam accessible self of setting promotes the centre gripping wheel and supports all the time and support on the lateral wall of centre gripping base, rotation through the centre gripping slide bar further drives centre gripping Contraband type frame and rotates, the grip block that further drives evenly installed supports simultaneously supports and supports on the lateral wall of rock, realize the secondary centre gripping location operation to the rock, rock takes place to rock when preventing the drilling operation and rocks the.

Furthermore, the clamping base is provided with an inclined plane, and the clamping slide bar can be driven to rotate by taking the connecting shaft as the center of a circle through the rolling fit between the inclined plane and the clamping wheel.

Furthermore, the positioning slide rod is a telescopic slide rod and can adapt to the change of the distance between the positioning slide plate and the shifting bottom plate.

Furthermore, the thickness of the lower end of the limiting seat is smaller than that of the upper end of the limiting seat, the limiting seat can move downwards along the periphery of the rock uniformly and synchronously by setting a certain inclination angle, and the multi-station limiting seat can adapt to the rugged change of the shape of the outer side face of the rock.

And a drill bit is arranged at the lower end of the drilling rotary drum, and the size of the effective drilling diameter during drilling operation can be controlled by controlling the extending and contracting state of the reaming sliding block along the reaming sliding groove.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention provides a coal open-pit mining blasting method, the lower end thickness of a limiting seat arranged on a positioning mechanism is smaller than the upper end thickness, the limiting seat can uniformly and synchronously move downwards along the periphery of a rock by arranging a certain inclination angle, an arranged limiting spring can pull the inner side wall of the limiting seat to be always abutted against the outer surface of the rock through the action of elastic force, the rock is simultaneously abutted and supported through a plurality of limiting seats uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction, the blasting method can adapt to the rugged change of the surface shape of the rock, the positioning stability is improved, the arranged positioning spring can push the lower end of a positioning sliding plate to be always abutted against the outer wall of the rock through the action of the elastic force, the broken stones generated in the subsequent drilling operation are prevented from splashing around through the shielding action, the inclined surface arranged on a clamping base can drive a clamping slide rod to rotate by taking a connecting shaft as the circle center through the abutting action between the, the flexible characteristic of elasticity of centre gripping spring pole accessible self of setting promotes the centre gripping wheel and supports all the time and lean on the lateral wall of centre gripping base, further drives centre gripping Contraband type frame through the rotation of centre gripping slide bar and rotates, and the grip block that further drives evenly installed supports simultaneously and leans on the lateral wall of rock, realizes the secondary centre gripping location operation to the rock, and rock emergence rocks the landing when preventing the drilling operation.

2. According to the coal open-pit mining blasting method, the descending distance of the lifting slide rod can be controlled by controlling the rotating angle of the lifting gear, the drilling depth of the drill bit for rock drilling operation is further controlled, the reaming rotating rod is driven to rotate through the hinged transmission of the reaming connecting rod, the reaming slide block is further pushed to slide along the reaming slide groove through the supporting action of the butting between the reaming wheel and the reaming slide block, the inner side wall of the reaming slide block can be pulled to always abut against the reaming wheel through the elastic action of the reset spring, and the size of the effective drilling diameter during the drilling operation can be controlled by controlling the extending and contracting state of the reaming slide block along the reaming slide groove, so that the requirements of different drilling sizes of rocks with different volumes are met, and the operation efficiency of the coal open-pit mining blasting operation is further improved.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view taken at A of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view at B of FIG. 3 of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a partial perspective view of the clamping unit of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, it being understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for the purpose of explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-6, a method for blasting open-pit coal mining, which uses a blasting device for blasting open-pit coal mining, the blasting device for blasting open-pit coal mining comprises a support Contraband-type frame 1, a moving wheel 2, a positioning mechanism 3 and a drilling mechanism 4, and the blasting device for blasting open-pit coal mining specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, overall blasting: firstly, blasting tools such as detonators and the like are used manually to carry out overall blasting treatment on outer layer rocks of coal to be mined so as to enable the coal to be in a mining state;

s2, moving and positioning: pushing the Contraband-shaped frame 1 to move above the large rock generated by blasting in the step S1 through the moving wheel 2 by manual pushing, and positioning and clamping the rock through the positioning mechanism 3;

s3, fixed point blasting: after the step S2 is finished, drilling the rock by the drilling mechanism 4, manually filling detonators into the drilled holes after the drilling is finished, and then performing secondary blasting treatment on the large rock to split the large rock into small blocks;

s4, collecting and mining: step S3, cleaning broken stones scattered around the coal through the existing mechanical equipment, and mining the coal through the existing mining equipment after cleaning;

the support Contraband type frame 1 is placed with a downward opening, the corners around the lower end of the support Contraband type frame 1 are uniformly provided with moving wheels 2 through rotating fit, the upper end of the support Contraband type frame 1 is provided with a positioning mechanism 3, and the positioning mechanism 3 is provided with a drilling mechanism 4;

the positioning mechanism 3 comprises shifting slide bars 3a, shifting screws 3b, shifting motors 3c, shifting bottom plates 3d, positioning slide bars 3e, positioning springs 3f, positioning sliding plates 3g, limiting sliding chutes 3h, limiting seats 3j, limiting springs 3k and clamping units 3m, the shifting slide bars 3a are uniformly arranged on two sides of a support Contraband type frame 1, the shifting bottom plates 3d are arranged between the shifting slide bars 3a in a sliding fit manner, the shifting screws 3b are arranged on a support Contraband type frame 1 positioned between the shifting slide bars 3a through bearings, the shifting screws 3b are connected with the shifting bottom plates 3d through thread fit, the shifting motors 3c are arranged on the support Contraband type frame 1 through motor seats, output shafts of the shifting motors 3c are connected with the shifting screws 3b through couplers, the centers of circles of the notches are arranged in the middle parts of the shifting bottom plates 3d, the positioning slide bars 3e are uniformly arranged at the lower ends of the shifting bottom plates 3d positioned, the positioning slide bar 3e is a telescopic slide bar, a positioning sliding plate 3g is installed on the positioning slide bar 3e through sliding fit, a positioning spring 3f is uniformly sleeved on the positioning slide bar 3e between the positioning sliding plate 3g and the shifting bottom plate 3d, a limiting sliding groove 3h is uniformly formed in the positioning sliding plate 3g along the circumferential direction of the positioning sliding plate, a limiting seat 3j is uniformly installed in the limiting sliding groove 3h through sliding fit, the limiting seat 3j is connected with the positioning sliding plate 3g through a limiting spring 3k, a clamping unit 3m is uniformly installed on the limiting seat 3j through rotating fit, the thickness of the lower end of the limiting seat 3j is smaller than that of the upper end of the limiting seat 3j, the limiting seat 3j can uniformly and synchronously move downwards along the periphery of a rock through setting a certain inclination angle, and the multi-station limiting seat 3j can adapt to the shape rugged change.

The clamping unit 3m comprises a connecting shaft 3m1, a clamping slide bar 3m2, a clamping wheel 3m3, a clamping base 3m4, clamping Contraband type frames 3m5, clamping blocks 3m6 and clamping spring rods 3m7, wherein the clamping Contraband type frames 3m5 are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the limiting seat 3j through rotating fit, the clamping blocks 3m6 are symmetrically arranged on the clamping Contraband type frames 3m5 positioned at two sides of the limiting seat 3j, the clamping spring rods 3m7 are arranged in the middle of the clamping Contraband type frames 3m5 through rotating fit, the moving end of the clamping spring rods 3m7 is connected with the limiting seat 3j through rotating fit, the clamping slide bar 3m2 is arranged at the outer side of the clamping Contraband type frames 3m5 through rotating fit, the upper end of the clamping slide bar 3m2 is provided with clamping slide grooves, the connecting shaft 3m2 is uniformly arranged on the positioning slide plate 3g positioned at the inner side of the clamping slide bar 3m2 along the circumferential direction, the connecting shaft 3m2 is positioned in the clamping slide grooves and is in sliding fit with the clamping slide bar 36, clamping wheel 3m3 is installed through the normal running fit at the upper end tip of centre gripping slide bar 3m2, be provided with centre gripping base 3m4 on the aversion bottom plate 3d that is located the location slide bar 3e outside, clamping wheel 3m3 supports and leans on the lateral wall of centre gripping base 3m4 through the roll fit, be provided with the inclined plane on the centre gripping base 3m4, can drive centre gripping slide bar 3m2 and rotate with connecting axle 3m1 as the centre of a circle through the roll fit between inclined plane and clamping wheel 3m 3.

When the coal mining machine works specifically, firstly, the rock covered on the outer layer of the coal is integrally blasted through manpower, the coal is enabled to be in a state capable of mining operation, the blasted rock is scattered around a coal layer immediately, small rocks can be transported and removed through the existing transporting mechanism, secondary blasting treatment is generally needed for large rocks which are difficult to transport and move, the manpower pushes the support Contraband-shaped frame 1 to move to the upper side of the rock through the moving wheel 2, then the moving wheel 2 is locked, preliminary positioning operation is carried out, then, the shifting motor 3c is started to rotate positively, the shifting screw 3b drives the shifting screw 3b to rotate, the shifting screw 3b further drives the shifting bottom plate 3d to slide downwards along the shifting slide rod 3a through thread fit, the limiting seat 3j is further driven to slide downwards synchronously, and the outward gradually starts to move outwards along the limiting chute 3h through the sliding abutting effect between the limiting seat 3j and the rock while the limiting seat 3j moves downwards The sliding mechanism comprises a sliding mechanism, a limiting spring 3k, a plurality of limiting seats 3j, a plurality of positioning springs 3f, a positioning sliding plate 3g, a clamping base 3m4 and a clamping wheel 3m3, wherein the limiting spring 3k can pull the inner side wall of each limiting seat 3j to be always abutted against the outer surface of a rock through the elastic force, the rock is simultaneously abutted against and supported by the limiting seats 3j which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction, the rugged change of the surface shape of the rock can be adapted, the positioning stability is improved, after the limiting seats 3j move downwards along the side wall of the rock for a certain distance, the upper end of the rock is mutually contacted with the lower end of the positioning sliding plate 3g, the lower end of the positioning sliding plate 3g can be pushed by the elastic force through the arranged positioning spring 3f to be always abutted against the outer wall of the rock, the broken stones generated in the subsequent drilling operation are prevented from splashing around through the shielding effect, then, the shifting screw 3b drives the shifting bottom The clamping mechanism starts to rotate by taking the connecting shaft 3m1 as a circle center, the clamping spring rod 3m7 can push the clamping wheel 3m3 to be always abutted against the side wall of the clamping base 3m4 through the elastic force expansion characteristic of the clamping spring rod, the clamping sliding groove can adapt to the change of the angle position of the clamping sliding rod 3m2 generated during rotation, the clamping Contraband type frame 3m5 is further driven to rotate through the rotation of the clamping sliding rod 3m2, the clamping block 3m6 is further driven to be abutted against the side wall of rock, and the secondary clamping and positioning operation on the rock is achieved.

The drilling mechanism 4 comprises a fixed frame 4a, a lifting motor 4b, a lifting gear 4c, a lifting slide rod 4d, meshing teeth 4e, a drilling motor 4f, a drilling rotary drum 4g, a reaming cylinder 4h, a reaming slide seat 4j, a reaming slide rod 4k, a reaming connecting rod 4m, a reaming rotary rod 4n, a reaming wheel 4t, a reset spring 4p, a reaming slide groove 4q and a reaming slide block 4r, wherein the fixed frame 4a is installed at the upper end of a shifting bottom plate 3d, the lifting slide rod 4d is installed at the middle part of the fixed frame 4a in a sliding fit manner, the meshing teeth 4e are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the lifting slide rod 4d from top to bottom, the lifting gear 4c is installed on the fixed frame 4a positioned on one side of the meshing teeth 4e in a rotating fit manner, the lifting gear 4c is in meshing transmission with the meshing teeth 4e, the lifting motor, the output shaft of lifting motor 4b is connected with lifting gear 4c through a spline, the lower end of lifting slide bar 4d is installed with drilling rotary drum 4g through running fit, and drilling rotary drum 4g is located in the circular notch, drilling motor 4f is installed in lifting slide bar 4d through the motor cabinet, the output shaft of drilling motor 4f is connected with drilling rotary drum 4g, install reaming slide bar 4k in drilling rotary drum 4g, the upper end of reaming slide bar 4k is installed with reaming slide seat 4j through running fit, install reaming cylinder 4h in drilling rotary drum 4g, the output shaft of reaming cylinder 4h is connected with reaming slide seat 4j, install reaming connecting rod 4m through running fit symmetry along its circumference on reaming slide seat 4j, reaming rotary rod 4n is installed through running fit symmetry at the lower extreme of reaming slide bar 4k, one end of reaming rotary rod 4n is connected with reaming connecting rod 4m through running fit, reaming wheel 4t is installed through normal running fit to the other end of reaming bull stick 4n, the reaming spout 4q has been seted up to the symmetry on the drilling rotary drum 4g that is located the reaming wheel 4t outside, install reaming slider 4r through the normal running fit symmetry in the reaming spout 4q, the inside wall of reaming slider 4r supports and leans on the reaming wheel 4t, the reaming slider 4r that is located the reaming wheel 4t both sides is connected with reaming slide bar 4k through reset spring 4p, the lower extreme of drilling rotary drum 4g is provided with the drill bit, stretch out along reaming spout 4q through control reaming slider 4r and have the size of effectual drilling diameter when the steerable drilling operation of state with the shrink.

When the drilling machine works specifically, after the positioning operation of the rock is completed, the drilling motor 4f is started and drives the drilling rotary drum 4g to rotate, then the lifting motor 4b is started to rotate positively, and drives the lifting gear 4c to rotate, the lifting gear 4c further drives the lifting slide bar 4d to slide downwards along the fixed frame 4a through meshing action, the drilling operation of the rock is realized through a drill bit arranged at the end part of the drilling rotary drum 4g, the descending distance of the lifting slide bar 4d can be controlled through controlling the rotating angle of the lifting gear 4c, the drilling depth of the drilling operation of the drill bit on the rock is further controlled, when the drilling reaches the proper depth, the reaming slide seat 4j is pushed to slide along the reaming slide bar 4k through the reaming air cylinder 4h, and the reaming rotary bar 4n is further driven to rotate through the hinging transmission of the reaming connecting rod 4m, the reaming rotating rod 4n pushes the reaming sliding block 4r to slide outwards along the reaming sliding groove 4q under the supporting action of the abutting between the reaming wheel 4t and the reaming sliding block 4r during rotation, the reset spring 4p is in a stretching state, the effective drilling diameter during the drilling operation of the drill bit is expanded through the stretching of the reaming sliding block 4r, the internal reaming treatment is further realized, then the reaming sliding seat 4j is pulled to perform the resetting motion through the reaming air cylinder 4h, the reaming wheel 4t is further subjected to the resetting motion, then the reaming sliding block 4r is pulled to perform the resetting motion under the action of the elastic force return of the reset spring 4p, then the lifting motor 4b is controlled to rotate reversely, and the lifting sliding rod 4d is driven to slide upwards through the meshing transmission of the lifting gear 4c and the meshing gear 4e, so that the drill bit is further moved out of the drill hole, and then, further removing the positioning operation of the positioning mechanism 3 on the rock, integrally moving the positioning mechanism to a safe area through manual pushing equipment, manually filling a blasting device into the drill hole to blast the rock, cleaning rock fragments remained around the coal through the existing equipment after blasting is finished, and mining the coal through the existing coal mining equipment after cleaning is finished.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.