阅读说明：本技术 不对称磁障永磁辅助磁阻同步直线电机 (Asymmetric magnetic barrier permanent magnet auxiliary reluctance synchronous linear motor ) 是由 俞瀚川 张卓然 黄旭珍 于 2020-12-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种不对称磁障永磁辅助磁阻同步直线电机,属电机技术领域。它包括初级组件和次级组件；初级组件包括初级铁心和电枢绕组；初级铁心上开槽,分别形成初级铁心轭、初级铁心齿和槽；槽内设置电枢绕组,绕组采用集中绕组结构,次级组件包括次级铁心和永磁体；初级组件和次级组件之间为气隙结构,次级铁心开km+1个槽,k为大于等于2的正整数,m为相数,包括km-1个中间槽和两个端部槽,其中两个端部槽为半槽；该结构利用磁阻推力部分代替永磁推力,有利于降低成本,不对称磁障结构利于降低电机的齿槽力,提高推力密度。(The invention provides an asymmetric magnetic barrier permanent magnet auxiliary reluctance synchronous linear motor, and belongs to the technical field of motors. It comprises a primary component and a secondary component; the primary assembly comprises a primary iron core and an armature winding; the primary iron core is provided with a groove, and a primary iron core yoke, a primary iron core tooth and a groove are respectively formed; an armature winding is arranged in the slot, the winding adopts a concentrated winding structure, and the secondary assembly comprises a secondary iron core and a permanent magnet; an air gap structure is arranged between the primary assembly and the secondary assembly, the secondary iron core is provided with km +1 slots, k is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, m is a phase number and comprises km-1 middle slots and two end slots, wherein the two end slots are half slots; the structure utilizes the reluctance thrust part to replace permanent magnet thrust, is favorable for reducing cost, and the asymmetric magnetic barrier structure is favorable for reducing the tooth space force of the motor and improving the thrust density.)

1. The asymmetric magnetic barrier permanent magnet auxiliary reluctance synchronous linear motor comprises a primary component and a secondary component; the primary assembly comprises a primary iron core and an armature winding; the primary iron core is provided with a groove, and a primary iron core yoke, a primary iron core tooth and a groove are respectively formed; an armature winding is arranged in the slot, the winding adopts a concentrated winding structure, and the secondary assembly comprises a secondary iron core and a permanent magnet; an air gap structure is arranged between the primary assembly and the secondary assembly, and the air gap structure is characterized in that:

the secondary iron core is provided with km +1 slots, k is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, m is a phase number and comprises km-1 middle slots and two end slots, wherein the two end slots are half slots;

the secondary iron core is provided with trapezoidal magnetic barriers, each group of trapezoidal magnetic barriers is formed by at least three layers of layers in an overlapping mode, each layer of trapezoidal magnetic barrier is an isosceles trapezoidal groove formed by a flat groove at the bottom and inclined grooves at two sides, permanent magnets are arranged in at least one layer of flat groove in each group of trapezoidal magnetic barriers, the polarity magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets in each group of trapezoidal magnetic barriers are the same, and the polarity magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets in two adjacent groups of trapezoidal magnetic barriers are opposite;

and adjacent side inclined grooves of adjacent trapezoid magnetic barriers are shifted to the same direction by a distance delta, wherein delta is more than 0 and less than Q, and Q is the projection length of the innermost layer magnetic barrier inclined groove in the trapezoid magnetic barriers on the secondary assembly.

2. The asymmetric flux-barrier permanent-magnet-assisted reluctance synchronous linear motor of claim 1, wherein: wherein, the offset distance delta = tau/n, tau is the pole pitch, and n is the harmonic frequency with the highest content in the air gap flux density.

3. The asymmetric flux-barrier permanent-magnet-assisted reluctance synchronous linear motor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the thickness of the same layer of magnetic barrier in each group of trapezoidal magnetic barriers is the same, the thickness of the outermost layer of groove is the largest, the thickness of the middle layer of groove is the smallest, and the distance between the outermost layer of groove and the middle layer of groove is larger than that between the middle layer of groove and the innermost layer of groove.

4. The asymmetric flux-barrier permanent-magnet-assisted reluctance synchronous linear motor of claim 3, wherein: for the trapezoidal magnetic barrier, the thickness of the bottom edge of the chute on the non-offset side is consistent.

5. The asymmetric flux-barrier permanent-magnet-assisted reluctance synchronous linear motor of claim 4, wherein: each group of trapezoidal magnetic barriers is provided with three layers of magnetic barriers, and the opening angle of the chute at the outermost layer is theta₃The opening angle of the chute in the middle layer is theta₂Innermost layer opening angle theta₁Minimum where θ₁<θ₂<θ₃。

6. The asymmetric flux-barrier permanent-magnet-assisted reluctance synchronous linear motor of claim 5, wherein: the permanent magnets are arranged on the inner most layers of the plurality of layers of magnetic barriers in each group of trapezoidal magnetic barriers, and the thickness of each permanent magnet is the same as that of the bottom groove of each magnetic barrier.

7. The asymmetric flux-barrier permanent-magnet-assisted reluctance synchronous linear motor of claim 6, wherein: and two groups of trapezoidal magnetic barriers are respectively arranged under each pair of polar distances corresponding to the secondary iron core.

8. The asymmetric flux-barrier permanent-magnet-assisted reluctance synchronous linear motor of claim 1, wherein: the linear motor adopts a single-side asymmetric structure or a double-side staggered asymmetric structure.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of motors, and particularly relates to an asymmetric magnetic barrier permanent magnet auxiliary reluctance synchronous linear motor.

Background

In the application occasions of the linear motor requiring the balance between the cost performance and the performance, the consumption of the permanent magnet with high cost and high performance needs to be reduced or the permanent magnet with low cost is adopted for replacing. In a rotating motor, a permanent magnet auxiliary reluctance synchronous motor is a scheme for replacing a permanent magnet synchronous motor, the total torque of the motor is composed of reluctance torque and permanent magnet torque, wherein the reluctance torque accounts for a larger proportion and plays a role in reducing the using amount of permanent magnets, but because of the property of the reluctance torque, the torque pulsation of the permanent magnet auxiliary reluctance synchronous motor is larger.

In the field of linear motors, the permanent magnet auxiliary reluctance synchronous linear motor has an edge effect when an iron core is cut off, and in addition, the reluctance thrust is utilized, so that large reluctance force fluctuation exists, and the thrust fluctuation is large.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem of large fluctuation of the permanent magnet auxiliary reluctance synchronous linear thrust, and provides an asymmetric magnetic barrier permanent magnet auxiliary reluctance synchronous linear motor.

The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

an asymmetric magnetic barrier permanent magnet auxiliary reluctance synchronous linear motor comprises a primary component and a secondary component; the primary assembly comprises a primary iron core and an armature winding; the primary iron core is provided with a groove, and a primary iron core yoke, a primary iron core tooth and a groove are respectively formed; an armature winding is arranged in the slot, the winding adopts a concentrated winding structure, and the secondary assembly comprises a secondary iron core and a permanent magnet; an air gap structure is arranged between the primary component and the secondary component,

the secondary iron core is provided with km +1 slots, k is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, m is a phase number and comprises km-1 middle slots and two end slots, wherein the two end slots are half slots;

the secondary iron core is provided with trapezoidal magnetic barriers, each group of trapezoidal magnetic barriers is formed by at least three layers of layers in an overlapping mode, each layer of trapezoidal magnetic barrier is an isosceles trapezoidal groove formed by a flat groove at the bottom and inclined grooves at two sides, permanent magnets are arranged in at least one layer of flat groove in each group of trapezoidal magnetic barriers, the polarity magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets in each group of trapezoidal magnetic barriers are the same, and the polarity magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets in two adjacent groups of trapezoidal magnetic barriers are opposite;

adjacent side inclined grooves of adjacent trapezoid magnetic barriers are shifted to the same direction by a distance delta, wherein delta is more than 0 and less than Q, and Q is the projection length of the innermost layer magnetic barrier inclined groove in the trapezoid magnetic barriers on the secondary assembly;

further, the offset distance δ = τ/n, τ is the pole pitch, and n is the harmonic order with the highest content in the air gap flux density.

Furthermore, the thickness of the same layer of magnetic barriers in each group of trapezoidal magnetic barriers is the same, the thickness of the outermost layer of grooves is the largest, the thickness of the innermost layer of grooves in the middle layer of grooves is the smallest, and the distance between the outermost layer of grooves and the middle layer of grooves is larger than the distance between the middle layer of grooves and the innermost layer of grooves;

further, for the trapezoidal magnetic barriers, the thicknesses of the bottom edges of the oblique grooves on the non-offset side are consistent.

Furthermore, each group of trapezoidal magnetic barriers is provided with three layers of magnetic barriers, and the opening angle of the chute at the outermost layer is theta₃The opening angle of the chute in the middle layer is theta₂Innermost layer opening angle theta₁Minimum where θ₁<θ₂<θ₃。

Furthermore, the plurality of layers of magnetic barriers in each group of trapezoidal magnetic barriers are provided with permanent magnets except the innermost layer, and the thickness of each permanent magnet is the same as that of the bottom groove of each magnetic barrier.

Furthermore, two groups of trapezoidal magnetic barriers are respectively arranged under each pair of pole distances of the secondary iron core.

Further, the linear motor adopts a single-side asymmetric structure or a double-side staggered asymmetric structure.

The principle of the structure of the asymmetric magnetic barrier permanent magnet auxiliary reluctance synchronous linear motor is as follows:

in the asymmetric magnetic barrier permanent magnet auxiliary reluctance synchronous linear motor, three layers of trapezoidal magnetic barriers are respectively arranged below every two polar distances of a secondary iron core, the adjacent side inclined edges of the adjacent trapezoidal magnetic barriers are offset in the same direction for a certain distance, for example, the right end of the left magnetic barrier is offset in the left direction for a certain distance, and the left end of the right magnetic barrier is offset in the left direction for a certain distance, so that an asymmetric magnetic barrier structure is formed.

Due to the structural design, when the motor pivot axis is superposed with the magnetic barrier center line, the magnetic force line is closed through the iron core, the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit is minimum, and the inductance is maximum; when the motor pivot axis coincides with the center line of two adjacent trapezoidal magnetic barriers, the magnetic force lines are closed through three layers of air gaps and three layers of iron cores in the magnetic barriers, the magnetic circuit reluctance is the largest at the moment, the inductance is the smallest, the salient pole ratio of the motor is large, and the generated reluctance thrust is large. The permanent magnet has the functions of improving the power factor and providing permanent magnet thrust, and the thrust density is improved. One part of the edge ends of the trapezoidal magnetic barriers are offset for a certain distance, and the inductance phase changes are different due to the difference of the magnetic resistance changes of the magnetic circuits, so that the amplitude of the magnetic resistance force part harmonics generated by the two groups of magnetic barriers is close, and the phases are opposite, thereby inhibiting the thrust fluctuation of the reluctance synchronous motor, as shown in fig. 5, and the problems of volume increase, loss increase and the like do not exist.

Compared with the prior art, the structural design of the invention has the following advantages:

1. the magnetic resistance thrust in the total thrust of the motor is higher in proportion, the permanent magnet only serves as an auxiliary effect, and the low-performance permanent magnet or less rare earth permanent magnets can be adopted, so that the control of the total cost of the motor is facilitated.

2. The invention adopts the asymmetric magnetic barrier dislocation structure to inhibit the thrust fluctuation of the motor, the average thrust of the motor cannot be reduced, and the volume and the loss of the motor cannot be increased.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an asymmetric magnetic barrier permanent magnet auxiliary reluctance synchronous linear motor;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a trapezoidal magnetic barrier;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a trapezoidal magnetic barrier offset;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a bilateral staggered asymmetric magnetic barrier permanent magnet assisted reluctance synchronous linear motor;

FIG. 5 is a thrust comparison diagram of a synchronous linear motor with asymmetric magnetic barriers and symmetric magnetic barriers;

in the figure, 1: a primary core; 1-1: a primary core yoke; 1-2: a primary core tooth; 1-3: a groove; 1-3-1: an intermediate tank; 1-3-2: an end slot; 2: an armature winding; 3: a secondary core; 3-1: a trapezoidal magnetic barrier; 3-2: a trapezoidal magnetic barrier; 4: a permanent magnet; 5: a primary core; 6: an armature winding.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further explained with reference to the following drawings and examples

The first embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment is a single-side asymmetric magnetic barrier permanent magnet assisted reluctance synchronous linear motor, which includes a primary component and a secondary component. The primary assembly includes a primary core 1 and an armature winding 2. The primary core 1 is slotted to form a primary core yoke 1-1, primary core teeth 1-2 and slots 1-3. In this example the grooves 1-3 comprise eleven intermediate grooves 1-3-1 and two end grooves 1-3-2, the two end grooves being half grooves, for a total of thirteen grooves. An armature winding 2 is arranged in the slots 1-3, the winding adopts a concentrated winding structure, a secondary assembly mainly comprises a secondary iron core 3 and a permanent magnet 4, and an air gap structure is arranged between the primary assembly and the secondary assembly.

Two groups of trapezoidal magnetic barriers are respectively arranged under each pair of polar distances of the secondary iron core 3. In the example, the primary iron core is provided with ten groups of trapezoidal magnetic barriers corresponding to the secondary iron core with the effective length, each group of trapezoidal magnetic barriers is formed by overlapping three layers, each layer of trapezoidal magnetic barrier is an isosceles trapezoidal groove formed by a flat groove at the bottom and inclined grooves at two sides, permanent magnets are arranged in the flat grooves at the two layers of the bottom of each group of trapezoidal magnetic barriers, the polarity magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets in each group of trapezoidal magnetic barriers are the same, and the polarity magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets in two adjacent groups of trapezoidal magnetic barriers are opposite.

As shown in fig. 3, the adjacent side chutes of the adjacent magnetic barriers are shifted by a distance δ toward the same direction, wherein 0< δ < Q, and Q is the projection length of the innermost magnetic barrier chute in the trapezoidal magnetic barrier on the sub-assembly; in the figure, a trapezoid magnetic barrier 3-1 and a trapezoid magnetic barrier 3-2 are arranged, the right end of the trapezoid magnetic barrier 3-1 is shifted to the right by a distance delta, the left end of the trapezoid magnetic barrier 3-2 is shifted to the right by the distance delta, the dotted line part is the position of the magnetic barrier before shifting, the solid line part is the position of the magnetic barrier after shifting, and the end part of each layer of the magnetic barrier has the same offset.

The example is further designed in that the offset distance δ = τ/n, τ is the pole pitch, and n is the highest harmonic order in the air gap flux density. The amplitude of the extra air gap harmonic magnetomotive force generated by the deviation is similar to that of the maximum harmonic magnetomotive force before the deviation, the directions are opposite, the extra air gap harmonic magnetomotive force and the maximum harmonic magnetomotive force are mutually offset, and the thrust fluctuation caused by the air gap flux density harmonic is reduced.

The thickness of the same layer of magnetic barriers in each group of trapezoidal magnetic barriers is the same, the thickness of the outermost layer of grooves is the largest, the thickness of the innermost layer of grooves in the middle layer of grooves is the smallest, and the distance between the outermost layer of grooves and the middle layer of grooves is larger than the distance between the middle layer of grooves and the innermost layer of grooves;

for trapezoidal barriers, the non-offset sideThe thickness of the bottom edge of the chute is consistent. And permanent magnets are arranged in the two layers of magnetic barriers at the bottom of each group of trapezoidal magnetic barriers, and the thickness of each permanent magnet is the same as that of the bottom groove of each magnetic barrier. Each group of trapezoidal magnetic barriers is provided with three layers of magnetic barriers, and the opening angle of the chute at the outermost layer is theta₃The opening angle of the chute in the middle layer is theta₂Innermost layer opening angle theta₁Minimum where θ₁<θ₂<θ₃. Further reducing thrust fluctuations

Example two:

as shown in fig. 4, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: by adopting a bilateral staggered magnetic barrier structure, the bilateral asymmetric magnetic barrier permanent magnet auxiliary reluctance synchronous linear motor has the advantages that the staggered displacement of adjacent magnetic barriers at the upper side and the lower side is tau/2 (tau is the secondary pole distance of the motor). The phase winding adopts fractional slot concentrated winding, and the upper coil is arranged as follows: A1-X1-Y1-B1-C1-Z1-X1-A1-B1-Y1-Z1-C1; the lower coil is arranged as follows: A2-X2-Y2-B2-C2-Z2-X2-A2-B2-Y2-Z2-C2. The phases of the current of the upper and lower coils are different by 90 degrees.

Test example one:

fig. 5 is a finite element calculation result diagram of thrust comparison between the asymmetric magnetic barrier reluctance synchronous linear motor (a) and the symmetric magnetic barrier reluctance synchronous linear motor (B). The thrust fluctuation of the motor (A) is smaller than that of the motor (B). Testing that the secondary pole distances of the two motors are the same and are both 21 mm; the primary winding is a 12-slot 10-pole concentrated winding structure, wherein a group of trapezoidal magnetic barriers under every two pole distances of the motor (A) are arranged in an offset mode as shown in fig. 2, the magnetic barriers of the motor (B) are a symmetrical mechanism without offset, and the motor (A) is delta =1.2mm, the magnetic barriers are 3-1 theta 1=69 degrees, theta 2=60 degrees, theta 3=62 degrees, theta 4=42 degrees and theta 5=50 degrees; the magnetic barrier 3-2 theta 1=42 degrees, theta 2=50 degrees, theta 3=56 degrees, theta 4=28 degrees, theta 5=43 degrees, theta 6=51 degrees, the motor (B) delta =0 degrees, the magnetic barrier is symmetrical, theta 1= theta 4=42 degrees, theta 2= theta 5=50 degrees, theta 3= theta 6=56 degrees, and the motor (A) and the motor (B) are provided with permanent magnets at the bottoms of each group of magnetic barriers except the innermost layer of magnetic barriers, and the directions of the permanent magnets under the adjacent magnetic barriers are opposite. The calculation results showed that the average thrust of motor (a) was 226N, the thrust fluctuation was 8%, the average thrust of motor (B) was 232N, and the thrust fluctuation was 17%.