阅读说明：本技术 超大风力发电机组主轴的车削加工工艺 (Turning process of main shaft of oversized wind generating set ) 是由 朱茜 鄂霞 周立烨 朱丽荣 顾建军 陈诚 于 2020-12-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种超大风力发电机组主轴的车削加工工艺,属于风力发电机组技术领域。车床卡爪分别卡于工件大端内孔和小端内孔中,校正工件外圆尺寸；粗车工件小端外圆D0、外圆D1和轴身外圆,光出,测量壁厚,校正工件外圆尺寸；粗车工件法兰正面端面、法兰背面端面、台阶面C、H基准面；以车好的端面为基准,按图纸尺寸分别粗车小端外圆D0、外圆D1和台阶面外圆D2；粗车法兰背面与轴身过渡的圆弧；精车法兰背面与轴身过渡圆弧；半精车法兰背面端面。本申请采用的重型数控卧式车床对工件进行车削,工件大端和小端分别设置堵头,便于工件加工。本申请不仅便于加工超大直径、超长主轴,且满足了其加工精度要求。(The invention relates to a turning process of a main shaft of an oversized wind generating set, and belongs to the technical field of wind generating sets. Clamping jaws of the lathe in an inner hole at the large end and an inner hole at the small end of the workpiece respectively, and correcting the size of the excircle of the workpiece; roughly turning a small-end excircle D0, an excircle D1 and an excircle of a shaft body of the workpiece, shining, measuring the wall thickness and correcting the excircle size of the workpiece; roughly turning the front end face of the flange of the workpiece, the back end face of the flange and the reference surface of the step C, H; roughly turning a small end excircle D0, an excircle D1 and a step surface excircle D2 according to the drawing size by taking the turned end face as a reference; roughly turning an arc for transition between the back of the flange and the shaft body; finely turning a transition arc between the back of the flange and the shaft body; and semi-finish turning the end face of the back of the flange. The heavy numerical control horizontal lathe that this application adopted carries out the turning to the work piece, and work piece main aspects and tip set up the end cap respectively, the work piece processing of being convenient for. The super-large-diameter and super-long spindle machining device is convenient for machining super-large-diameter and super-long spindles, and meets machining precision requirements.)

1. A turning process of a main shaft of an oversized wind generating set is characterized in that: the processing technology comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: two clamping jaws of a heavy numerical control horizontal lathe are respectively clamped in an inner hole at the large end and an inner hole at the small end of a workpiece, and the size of the excircle of the workpiece is corrected;

step two: roughly turning an excircle D0 at the small end of the workpiece, an excircle D1 and an excircle of a shaft body, shining, measuring the wall thickness, and correcting the size of the excircle of the workpiece again;

step three: roughly turning the front end face of the flange of the workpiece, the back end face of the flange and the reference surface of the step C, H;

step four: roughly turning a small end excircle D0, an excircle D1 and a step surface excircle D2 according to the drawing size by taking the turned end face as a reference;

step five: roughly turning an arc for transition between the back of the flange and the shaft body;

step six: checking the tightness of two clamping jaws of the heavy numerical control horizontal lathe, adjusting the workpiece and correcting the size of the excircle of the workpiece;

step seven: finely turning a transition arc between the back of the flange and the shaft body; semi-finish turning the end face of the back of the flange;

step eight: the end face of the front face of the flange, the excircle D0', the excircle D0 of the small end and the end face of the small end are lighted out, so that the boring machine can correct and center reference;

step nine: the jack catch loosens the inner hole of the small end, and then the outer circle D0 of the small end is supported by the roller carrier; roughly turning a small-end inner spigot d2 and extending the depth of a small-end inner spigot d 2; semi-finish turning a small end inner hole d0 and a small end inner side end face; semi-finish turning a small end inner hole d1 and extending the depth of a small end inner hole d 1;

step ten: adjusting the position of a workpiece, and correcting two ends of the workpiece according to the corresponding blank cap excircle and correcting the excircle size of the workpiece;

step eleven: the flatness of the back of the flange is checked to meet the processing requirement;

step twelve: finish turning and polishing each excircle, shaft body, end face, small-end inner spigot and large-end inner spigot according to requirements by taking the back of the flange as a reference surface;

step thirteen: finely turning a small end sealing groove and an oil groove;

fourteen steps: and (5) finely turning the shaft body again to enable the shaft body to reach the final size, and finishing the machining of the main shaft of the wind generating set.

2. The turning process of the main shaft of the oversized wind generating set according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the third step, 2-3 mm of allowance is reserved on the single side of each surface.

3. The turning process of the main shaft of the oversized wind generating set according to claim 1, characterized in that: and D0 single edges of the small end outer circle in the step four are reserved with 4-6 mm of allowance, and D1 single edges of the outer circle and D2 single edges of the step surface are reserved with 2-3 mm of allowance respectively.

4. The turning process of the main shaft of the oversized wind generating set according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the fifth step, 2-3 mm of allowance is left on one side.

5. The turning process of the main shaft of the oversized wind generating set according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the ninth step, when the inner seam allowance of the small end is roughly turned, a margin of 2-3 mm is left on one side.

6. The turning process of the main shaft of the oversized wind generating set according to claim 1, characterized in that: and seventhly, respectively reserving margins of 0.2-0.3 mm during semi-finishing in the step nine.

7. The turning process of the main shaft of the oversized wind generating set according to claim 1, characterized in that: and step ten, respectively arranging a large end plug at the large end of the workpiece, arranging a small end plug at the small end of the workpiece, and pushing the large end plug and the small end plug through the tops at the two ends of the heavy numerical control horizontal lathe.

8. The turning process of the main shaft of the oversized wind generating set according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the eleventh step, the flatness of the back surface of the flange is less than 0.2 mm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a turning process of a main shaft of an oversized wind generating set, and belongs to the technical field of wind generating sets.

Background

With the increasing problems of global energy shortage and environmental pollution, the search for renewable energy has become a major issue facing countries in the world. Compared with other energy sources, the natural wind energy not only has large storage amount and wide distribution, but also has the characteristics of short construction period, less basic investment than hydropower station construction, strong flexibility, capability of effectively restraining greenhouse effect and sand storm disasters, environmental protection and the like. Therefore, the utilization of wind energy for power generation as new energy development has become an important part of the global future energy development strategy and is highly valued and strongly supported by various countries.

The wind power generator is an electric power device which converts wind energy into mechanical work, and the mechanical work drives a rotor to rotate so as to finally output alternating current. The main shaft of the wind driven generator is heavy and has high requirements on the machining precision, so the finish machining of the wind driven generator main shaft is performed on equipment with high machining precision, large working platform and large bearing capacity, such as a large-scale numerical control horizontal lathe, a numerical control boring machine and the like. The super-large diameter and super-long main shaft needs to be processed on a super-large heavy numerical control horizontal lathe, but the existing technical scheme can not meet the processing precision requirement of the super-large diameter and super-long main shaft.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a turning process of a main shaft of an oversized wind generating set aiming at the prior art, the processing is convenient, and the processing precision requirements of the oversized-diameter and oversized-length main shaft are met.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: a turning process for a main shaft of an oversized wind generating set comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: two clamping jaws of a heavy numerical control horizontal lathe are respectively clamped in an inner hole at the large end and an inner hole at the small end of a workpiece, and the size of the excircle of the workpiece is corrected;

step two: roughly turning an excircle D0 at the small end of the workpiece, an excircle D1 and an excircle of a shaft body, shining, measuring the wall thickness, and correcting the size of the excircle of the workpiece again;

step three: roughly turning the front end face of the flange of the workpiece, the back end face of the flange and the reference surface of the step C, H;

step four: roughly turning a small end excircle D0, an excircle D1 and a step surface excircle D2 according to the drawing size by taking the turned end face as a reference;

step five: roughly turning an arc for transition between the back of the flange and the shaft body;

step six: checking the tightness of two clamping jaws of the heavy numerical control horizontal lathe, adjusting the workpiece and correcting the size of the excircle of the workpiece;

step seven: finely turning a transition arc between the back of the flange and the shaft body; semi-finish turning the end face of the back of the flange;

step eight: the end face of the front face of the flange, the excircle D0', the excircle D0 of the small end and the end face of the small end are lighted out, so that the boring machine can correct and center reference;

step nine: the jack catch loosens the inner hole of the small end, and then the outer circle D0 of the small end is supported by the roller carrier; roughly turning a small-end inner spigot d2 and extending the depth of a small-end inner spigot d 2; semi-finish turning a small end inner hole d0 and a small end inner side end face; semi-finish turning a small end inner hole d1 and extending the depth of a small end inner hole d 1;

step ten: adjusting the position of a workpiece, and correcting two ends of the workpiece according to the corresponding blank cap excircle and correcting the excircle size of the workpiece;

step eleven: the flatness of the back of the flange is checked to meet the processing requirement;

step twelve: finish turning and polishing each excircle, shaft body, end face, small-end inner spigot and large-end inner spigot according to requirements by taking the back of the flange as a reference surface;

step thirteen: finely turning a small end sealing groove and an oil groove;

fourteen steps: and (5) finely turning the shaft body again to enable the shaft body to reach the final size, and finishing the machining of the main shaft of the wind generating set.

And in the third step, 2-3 mm of allowance is reserved on the single side of each surface.

And D0 single edges of the small end outer circle in the step four are reserved with 4-6 mm of allowance, and D1 single edges of the outer circle and D2 single edges of the step surface are reserved with 2-3 mm of allowance respectively.

And in the fifth step, 2-3 mm of allowance is left on one side.

And in the ninth step, when the inner seam allowance of the small end is roughly turned, a margin of 2-3 mm is left on one side.

And seventhly, respectively reserving margins of 0.2-0.3 mm during semi-finishing in the step nine.

And step ten, respectively arranging a large end plug at the large end of the workpiece, arranging a small end plug at the small end of the workpiece, and pushing the large end plug and the small end plug through the tops at the two ends of the heavy numerical control horizontal lathe.

And in the eleventh step, the flatness of the back surface of the flange is less than 0.2 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the utility model provides a turning process of super large wind generating set main shaft, the heavy numerical control horizontal lathe that this application adopted carries out the turning to the work piece, and at the finish turning in-process, the work piece main aspects set up the main aspects end cap, the tip sets up the tip end cap for the thimble at heavy numerical control horizontal lathe both ends is pushed up in main aspects end cap and tip end cap, makes the work piece be fixed in heavy numerical control horizontal lathe, the work piece processing of being convenient for. The super-large-diameter and super-long spindle machining device is convenient for machining super-large-diameter and super-long spindles, and meets machining precision requirements.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a main shaft in a turning process of the main shaft of an oversized wind generating set according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a workpiece mounted on a heavy numerically controlled horizontal lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the large end plug of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the small end plug of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a workpiece being threaded through a mandrel;

in the figure, a clamping jaw 1, a large-end thimble 2, a large-end plug 3, a small-end thimble 4 and a small-end plug 5 are arranged.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.

As shown in fig. 1, in the turning process of the main shaft of the oversized wind turbine generator system in the embodiment, the diameter of the main shaft is 2.8m, the length of the main shaft is 9m, the runout (i.e., the flatness) is less than 0.05mm, and the cylindricity of the shaft stopper is less than 0.05 mm. The machining process of the commercial heavy numerical control horizontal lathe comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: clamping jaws 1 of two chucks of a heavy numerical control horizontal lathe are respectively clamped in a large-end inner hole and a small-end inner hole of a workpiece, clamping jaws of a fixed chuck are clamped in the large-end inner hole, clamping jaws of a movable chuck are clamped in the small-end inner hole, and the sizes of excircles of the workpiece are respectively corrected;

step two: roughly turning a small-end excircle D0, an excircle D1 and an excircle of a shaft body of a workpiece, shining (turning off the outer skin of each excircle), measuring the wall thickness of each excircle, and correcting the size of each excircle respectively;

step three: roughly turning the front end face of the flange of the workpiece, the back end face of the flange and the reference surface of the step C, H, wherein the allowance of a single side is 2.5 mm;

step four: roughly turning a small end outer circle D0, an outer circle D1 and a step surface outer circle D2 according to the drawing size by taking the turned end face as a reference, wherein the allowance of 4-6 mm is reserved on one side of the small end outer circle D0, and the allowance of 2-3 mm is reserved on one side of the outer circle D1 and the allowance of 2-3 mm on one side of the step surface outer circle D2;

step five: roughly turning a transition arc between the back of the flange and the shaft body, and reserving 2.5mm of allowance on one side;

step six: checking the tightness of two clamping jaws 1 of the heavy numerical control horizontal lathe, adjusting the workpiece and correcting the excircle size of the workpiece again;

step seven: finely turning a transition arc between the back of the flange and the shaft body, and semi-finely turning the end surface of the back of the flange, wherein a margin of 0.2mm is left on one side of the end surface of the back of the flange;

step eight: the front end face of the flange, the outer circle D0', the small end outer circle D0 and the small end face are polished out (outer skins on the outer circles and the end faces are turned off) so that the boring machine can correct and center reference;

step nine: the jaw 1 loosens an inner hole at the small end, then the outer circle D0 at the small end is supported by the roller carrier, the other jaw 1 is still clamped in the inner hole at the large end, the inner spigot D2 at the small end with the depth of 27mm is roughly turned, and 2.5mm of allowance is left at the single side; semi-finish turning a small end inner hole d0, and the end surface of the inner side of the small end, wherein a margin of 0.25mm is left on one side; roughly turning a small-end inner hole d1, extending the depth of the small-end inner hole d1 to 40mm, forming a process choke plug hole, and reserving 0.3mm of allowance on a single side;

step ten: as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, adjusting the workpiece to enable the flange side of the workpiece to face towards a clamping jaw, arranging a large end plug 3 at the large end of the workpiece, arranging a small end plug 5 at the small end of the workpiece, enabling a large end thimble 2 on the heavy numerical control horizontal lathe to tightly push the large end plug 3, and enabling a small end thimble 4 to tightly push the small end plug 5, so that the workpiece is fixed on the heavy numerical control horizontal lathe, and performing position correction and correction on the excircle size of the workpiece at two ends according to the excircle of a blank cap respectively;

step eleven: checking the flatness of the back of the flange, and if the flatness is less than 0.2mm, semi-finish turning needs to be carried out on the back of the flange again if the flatness exceeds 0.2 mm;

step twelve: finish turning and polishing each excircle, shaft body, end face, small-end inner spigot and large-end inner spigot according to the drawing requirements by taking the back of the flange as a reference surface;

step thirteen: finely turning a sealing groove and an oil groove at the small end,

fourteen steps: as shown in fig. 5, a workpiece is inserted into the mandrel, the thimbles at two ends of the heavy numerical control horizontal lathe tightly push two ends of the mandrel respectively, and then the shaft body is finish-turned again to the final size, so that the machining of the main shaft of the wind generating set is completed.

The heavy numerical control horizontal lathe that this application adopted is applicable to high-speed steel, carbide and ceramic cutter, to the rough machining, the finish machining of ferrous metal, non ferrous metal and part non-metallic part, can turn face of cylinder, conical surface, terminal surface, grooving, screw thread and surface of revolution. The main shaft of the heavy numerical control horizontal lathe is supported by an imported high-precision bearing, the rotation precision is high, the service life is long, the longitudinal movement of the large tool rest is completed through the double gears and the rack transmission pair, and the heavy numerical control horizontal lathe has the characteristics of small mechanical abrasion, small friction force, high transmission rigidity, stable transmission, high transmission efficiency and the like. In the finish turning process, the big end of the workpiece is provided with a big end plug, the small end of the workpiece is provided with a small end plug, so that the ejector pins at the two ends of the heavy numerical control horizontal lathe are pushed against the big end plug and the small end plug, the workpiece is fixed on the heavy numerical control horizontal lathe, and the workpiece is convenient to machine. The super-large-diameter and super-long spindle machining device is convenient for machining super-large-diameter and super-long spindles, and meets machining precision requirements.

In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention also includes other embodiments, and any technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent replacement should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.