阅读说明：本技术 有砟道床应答器防护装置 (Protecting device for ballast bed transponder ) 是由 刘晓阳 赵群 刘星宇 于 2020-12-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明的应答器防护装置,适用于有砟道床的应答器防护,可分为一体式和分体式结构,包括固定支架和底座,可兼容固定在Ⅱ型轨枕或Ⅲ型轨枕上,固定支架为环抱轨枕固定方式；底座外侧面起到破冰作用减小固定螺栓受到的剪切力,底座与轨枕之间设计存在安装间隙；底座上表面高出应答器上表面；底座受撞击后,撞击力不会传递至应答器。本发明的有益效果是：该防护装置的结构设计巧妙,安装和维护方便,适用有砟道床的各型轨枕,降低了应答器损坏风险。(The responder protecting device is suitable for protecting a responder of a ballast track bed, can be divided into an integrated structure and a split structure, comprises a fixed support and a base, and can be compatibly fixed on a II-type sleeper or a III-type sleeper, wherein the fixed support is in a fixing mode of surrounding the sleeper; the outer side surface of the base plays a role in breaking ice to reduce shearing force applied to the fixing bolt, and a mounting gap is designed between the base and the sleeper; the upper surface of the base is higher than the upper surface of the transponder; after the base is impacted, the impact force can not be transmitted to the transponder. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the protective device is ingenious in structural design, convenient to install and maintain, suitable for various sleepers with ballast track beds and capable of reducing damage risks of the transponders.)

1. A split type responder protection device is suitable for protecting a responder of a ballast track bed, and comprises a fixed support and a base, wherein the fixed support and the base can be compatibly fixed on a II-type sleeper or a III-type sleeper;

the outer half wedge-shaped surface of the base is a surface mainly bearing impact, consists of two side surfaces and a middle large arc transition surface, and is in a structural form that the middle part is convex, the two ends are concave and the two ends are inclined upwards at the same time; the large arc transition surface can uniformly transmit impact force to all parts of the base, plays a role in breaking ice, decomposes the received impact force and reduces the shearing force received by the fixing bolt; the crushed ice moves towards the left and right directions along the two side surfaces, so that the risk of secondary damage caused by the fact that all the crushed ice moves upwards and impacts the bottom of the vehicle is reduced;

an installation gap is designed between the base and the sleeper, and the influence of train running airflow on the base fastening bolt is reduced by the gap;

the grooving surface of the fixing hole of the base is designed into an inclined surface, and the width is reduced on the premise of meeting the space required by a bolt mounting tool;

the transponder is positioned between the two bases, and the upper surfaces of the bases on the two sides are higher than the upper surface of the transponder; the base length is greater than the length of the transponder.

2. Transponder protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the base can be mounted only in the direction of the transponder facing the vehicle if the direction of travel of the train is fixed.

3. The transponder guard of claim 1, wherein the transponder is an active transponder or a passive transponder.

4. Transponder protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that the two bases and the bridging support are fixed simultaneously to the fixing supports on two adjacent sleepers, while the transponder is fixed to the bridging support.

5. Transponder guard device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transponder is fixed to a different sleeper than the base, the transponder being fixed to the fixing bracket embracing the sleeper.

6. The integrated responder protecting device is suitable for protecting a responder of a ballast track bed, comprises a base support and a base, and can be compatibly fixed on a II-type sleeper or a III-type sleeper, wherein the base support is fixed in a manner of encircling the sleeper, and the base is fixed on the base support through four mounting holes on the periphery of the base support;

the base and the transponder are arranged on the same sleeper, the transponder is fixed on the transponder support in the base, and the upper surface of the periphery of the base is higher than the upper surface of the mounted transponder;

a distance is designed between the reinforcing rib of the base and the sleeper, and when the base is impacted by ice blocks, the impact force is transmitted to the sleeper through the reinforcing rib after the base is displaced, so that the impact on the base support is reduced;

after the transponder is installed, the distance from the edge of the transponder to the inner edge of the groove of the base is larger than the distance from the reinforcing rib to the sleeper, the base cannot contact the transponder after being impacted and moved, and the impact force cannot be transmitted to the transponder;

the impact surface of the base is designed to be a circular arc surface, so that the overall strength of the surface is increased, and the ice breaking function and the impact force dispersion are achieved.

7. The transponder guard of claim 6 wherein when the base is mounted to the type ii bolster, a spacer is designed to fill a gap between the base and the type ii bolster when squeezed; when the base is impacted by ice blocks, the impact force is transmitted to the sleeper by the base through the cushion block, and the impact on the base bracket is reduced.

8. The transponder guard device of claim 7 wherein the spacer is formed of a polyurethane elastomer material compatible with the elastomer pad material used under the high speed railway rail.

9. The transponder guard of claim 6 wherein the ribs are spaced 3mm from the type III sleeper to ensure that the base is successfully installed on the type III sleeper within production tolerances.

10. A transponder guard device according to claim 6 characterised in that the base carrier and the transponder carrier are of similar construction and share part of the components; the transponder is an active transponder or a passive transponder.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of railway signals, in particular to a protective device for a ballast track bed responder.

Technical Field

A transponder is a device that provides ground information to train-mounted devices, and can be roughly classified into two types: the passive transponder is provided with fixed information without a tail cable; and the active transponder is connected with the trackside equipment through a tail cable and provides variable information. The transponder is installed on a track bed in the middle of a steel rail of the ballast track bed, and when a train passes through, the vehicle-mounted equipment reads information in the transponder to ensure driving safety.

In the use process of the transponder, foreign matters such as stones and the like driven by the high-speed running of the train can bring harm to the transponder. Particularly, the train bottom in cold regions in winter is easy to freeze, and when the train runs from a low-temperature region to a high-temperature region or the train vibrates greatly, ice blocks are easy to fall off. The fallen ice blocks may directly impact the transponder, so that the transponder is damaged, and the driving safety is affected.

The condition that the transponder is impacted by ice blocks, the mounting bolt is broken, the transponder shell is broken and the like can occur in the railway system in winter every year, and great potential safety hazard is brought to the safe running of the train.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the hidden danger, the invention provides the protective device for the ballast track bed responder, which can effectively adapt to the condition of the ballast track bed to protect the responder.

The invention provides a split type responder protecting device which is suitable for protecting a responder of a ballast track bed, and comprises a fixed support and a base, wherein the fixed support and the base can be compatibly fixed on a II-type sleeper or a III-type sleeper;

the outer half wedge-shaped surface of the base is a surface mainly bearing impact, consists of two side surfaces and a middle large arc transition surface, and is in a structural form that the middle part is convex, the two ends are concave and the two ends are inclined upwards at the same time; the large arc transition surface can uniformly transmit impact force to all parts of the base, plays a role in breaking ice, decomposes the received impact force and reduces the shearing force received by the fixing bolt; the crushed ice moves towards the left and right directions along the two side surfaces, so that the risk of secondary damage caused by the fact that all the crushed ice moves upwards and impacts the bottom of the vehicle is reduced;

an installation gap is designed between the base and the sleeper, and the influence of train running airflow on the base fastening bolt is reduced by the gap;

the grooving surface of the fixing hole of the base is designed into an inclined surface, and the width is reduced on the premise of meeting the space required by a bolt mounting tool;

the transponder is positioned between the two bases, and the upper surfaces of the bases on the two sides are higher than the upper surface of the transponder; the base length is greater than the length of the transponder.

The invention also provides an integrated responder protection device, which is suitable for protecting a responder of a ballast track bed, and comprises a base support and a base, wherein the base support and the base can be compatibly fixed on a II-type sleeper or a III-type sleeper;

the base and the transponder are arranged on the same sleeper, the transponder is fixed on the transponder support in the base, and the upper surface of the periphery of the base is higher than the upper surface of the mounted transponder;

a distance is designed between the reinforcing rib of the base and the sleeper, and when the base is impacted by ice blocks, the impact force is transmitted to the sleeper through the reinforcing rib after the base is displaced, so that the impact on the base support is reduced;

after the transponder is installed, the distance from the edge of the transponder to the inner edge of the groove of the base is larger than the distance from the reinforcing rib to the sleeper, the base cannot contact the transponder after being impacted and moved, and the impact force cannot be transmitted to the transponder;

the impact surface of the base is designed to be a circular arc surface, so that the overall strength of the surface is increased, and the ice breaking function and the impact force dispersion are achieved.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the protective device is ingenious and simple in structural design, convenient to install and maintain, suitable for various sleepers with ballast track beds and capable of reducing the damage risk of the transponder.

Drawings

Fig. 1A is a schematic structural diagram of a split type protection device of a ballast bed responder according to the invention;

fig. 1B is a schematic structural diagram for analyzing the split type protection device of the ballast bed responder according to the invention;

fig. 2A is a schematic view of fixing a bracket in a first mounting application mode of the split type protection device for the ballast bed responder according to the invention;

fig. 2B is a schematic view of an installation effect of a first installation application mode of the split type protection device of the ballast bed responder according to the invention;

fig. 3A is a schematic view of fixing a bracket in a second mounting application mode of the split type protection device for the ballast bed responder according to the invention;

fig. 3B is a schematic view of an installation effect of a second installation application mode of the split type protection device of the ballast bed responder according to the invention;

fig. 4A is a schematic structural diagram of the integrated protection device for the ballast bed transponder according to the present invention;

fig. 4B is a schematic bottom view of the integrated protection device for the ballast bed transponder according to the present invention;

fig. 5A is a schematic view of fixing a bracket of the integrated protection device for the ballast bed transponder according to the present invention;

fig. 5B is a schematic view of a base fixing of the integrated protection device for the ballast bed transponder according to the present invention;

fig. 5C is a schematic view illustrating the mounting of the integrated protection device for a ballast bed responder to a type iii sleeper according to the present invention;

fig. 5D is a schematic diagram illustrating the mounting of the ballast bed transponder integrated protective device of the present invention to a ii-type sleeper;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an installation effect of the integrated protection device for the ballast bed responder according to the invention;

the reference numbers in the figures illustrate: 1 split type protection base, 2 fixed orifices fluting face, 3 half wedge faces, 4 rail, 5 III type sleeper, 6 transponder supports, 7 active transponder, 8 transponder fastening bolt, 9 spring washers, 10 plain washers, 11 split type base fastening bolt, 12 bridging support, 13 tail cables, 14 integral type protection base, 15 drainage fabrication hole, 16 strengthening rib, 17 base support, 18 integral type base fastening bolt, 19 arc face, 20 II type sleeper, 21 cushion blocks.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described below.

The protection device of the invention has two types, the first type is a split type protection device which can be divided into two installation application modes; the second type is an integral type protector.

There is split type protector of tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. railway roadbed transponder, the square structure who adopts half wedge face of unilateral, unilateral perpendicular, installation application mode one: the transponder is fixed on the middle sleeper, and the two protective devices are fixed on the sleepers on the two adjacent sides of the transponder (see fig. 2B); and a second installation and application mode: the transponder is fixed between two adjacent sleepers, and the two protective devices are fixed on the two sleepers (see fig. 3B); both application modes can effectively protect the transponder.

There is tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. railway roadbed transponder integral type protector, adopt the structure of both sides arc surface, middle recess, the transponder is located the recess after fixed, protector through four mounting holes indirect fixation on the sleeper, form protection effectively to the transponder (see fig. 6).

Taking fig. 2B as an example, when the base 1 is impacted by ice, the impact force is converted into the shearing force borne by the fastening bolt 11, and when the shearing force limit of the fastening bolt is exceeded, the bolt is broken. The outer half wedge-shaped surface 3 (see fig. 1A, corresponding to the structural schematic diagram of the split type protection device of the invention) of the square structure (base 1) is a surface mainly bearing impact, and is composed of two side surfaces and a middle large arc transition surface, the large arc transition surface can uniformly transmit impact force to each position of the base 1, stress concentration is avoided, and the impact resistance of the base 1 is improved.

At present, the grooving surfaces (corresponding to the serial number 2) of other domestic installation protection devices are generally vertical surfaces and large in width, the large width means that the ice blocks can be impacted by larger volumes, and the vertical surfaces mean that all impact force is borne and converted into shearing force borne by the fastening bolts, so that the possibility of damage of the fastening bolts is large. To solve this problem, the present invention designs the fixing hole grooving surface 2 of the base 1 as an inclined surface (see fig. 1B), and this surface reduces the width as much as possible while satisfying the space required for installing the bolt tool. The inclined surface decomposes the impact force of the ice blocks with smaller volumes, reduces the shearing force borne by the fastening bolts 11 and prolongs the service life of the fastening bolts.

Fig. 2A is a schematic view of fixing a bracket in a first mounting application mode of the split type protection device of the ballast bed responder. The transponder support 6 is fixed around the sleeper and can be compatibly fixed on the type ii sleeper 20 (fig. 5D) and the type iii sleeper 5 (fig. 5C), and the example of the fixing on the type iii sleeper 5 is shown in the figure. The base 1 and the active transponder 7 (figure 2B) use the same fixed support, and the support has the advantages of simple integral structure, convenient processing, convenient installation and high universality.

Fig. 2B is a schematic view of an installation effect of a first installation application mode of the split type protection device of the ballast bed responder. The base 1 is fixed to the transponder holder 6 and the fastening bolt 11 is secured by a spring washer 9 and a flat washer 10. In this case, a mounting gap, which is referred to as an air flow channel, is provided between the base 1 and the sleeper. When the train runs at a high speed, the air flow driven by the train generates impact force on the front end of the base 1, and the impact force is converted into shearing force borne by the fixing bolt 11. The fixed bolt is sheared when a train passes at a high speed, the service life of the fixed bolt is shortened in the past, the designed airflow channel can release the airflow, the influence of the train running airflow on the base fastening bolt 11 is reduced, and the service life of the base fastening bolt is prolonged. In addition, the half wedge-shaped surface 3 can also properly reduce the impact of high-speed airflow on the base 1, namely, the shearing force borne by the fixing bolt 11 is reduced, and the service life of the fixing bolt is also prolonged.

The active transponder 7 is likewise fastened to the bolster bracket 6 and the fastening bolt 8 is secured against loosening by means of a spring washer 9 and a flat washer 10. The active transponder 7 is positioned between the two bases 1, the surface of the transponder is about 70mm higher than the plane of the sleeper, and the upper surfaces of the bases 1 on the two sides of the transponder are about 90mm higher than the sleeper, so that stones or ice blocks falling off from the bottom of the train driven by airflow of the high-speed train can preferentially collide with the bases 1. Because the active transponder 7 and the base 1 are fixed on different sleepers, when the base 1 is impacted, the fixation of the active transponder 7 is not affected, and therefore the base 1 can form effective protection for the transponder.

After the active transponder 7 is installed on a ballast track bed, most of the tail cables 13 can be protected in a way that ballast is buried, but the roots of the tail cables are located above the plane of a sleeper and are easy to be impacted. In order to solve the problem, the length of the base 1 of the invention is designed to be 660mm, which is larger than the length of 495mm of the active transponder, so that the root of the tail cable 13 of the active transponder can be effectively protected, and the situation that the tail cable is broken due to direct impact can be avoided.

In addition, if the train running direction is fixed, the base 1 can be installed only in the direction of the active transponder 7 facing the train, and effective protection can be formed, so that the application mode can reduce the cost appropriately.

Fig. 3A is a bracket fixing schematic diagram of a second mounting application mode of the split type protection device of the ballast bed responder. Two bases 1 and a bridging bracket 12 are simultaneously fixed to the transponder supports 6 on two adjacent sleepers, and the fastening bolts 11 are secured against loosening by means of the spring washers 9 and the flat washers 10.

Fig. 3B is a schematic view of an installation effect of a second installation application mode of the split type protection device of the ballast bed responder. The active transponder 7 is fixed to the cross-over bracket 12 and is secured to the fastening bolt 8 by means of a spring washer 9 and a flat washer 10. The protection principle is similar to the application mode.

Fig. 4A is a schematic structural diagram of the integrated protection device for the ballast bed responder according to the invention. A groove is arranged in the protective base 14, and the transponder is positioned in the groove after being fixed. The groove is internally designed with a drainage fabrication hole 15, so that dust accumulated at the bottom of the groove can be drained by utilizing rainwater, and the phenomenon that the performance of the dust is influenced by interference generated on signal transmission of the transponder when the dust is accumulated, particularly when metal fine scraps are contained in the dust, is prevented.

Fig. 4B is a schematic bottom view of the integrated protection device for the ballast bed transponder according to the present invention. The bottom of the base 14 is provided with a reinforcing rib 16, so that the overall strength is improved, and the anti-impact capability is improved.

Fig. 5A is a schematic view of fixing a bracket of the integrated protection device for the ballast bed responder according to the invention. The base support 17 and the transponder support 6 are similar in structure, are in a sleeper surrounding fixing mode, and can be compatibly fixed on the II-type sleepers 20 and the III-type sleepers 5. Because the fixing mode is the same, partial parts can be shared, and the cost of the bracket is reduced.

Fig. 5B is a schematic view of fixing a base of the integrated protection device for the ballast bed responder according to the invention. The base 14 is fixed on a base bracket 17 through four mounting holes on the periphery of the base, and a fastening bolt 18 is subjected to anti-loosening treatment through a spring washer 9 and a flat washer 10; and the transponder is fixed on the transponder holder 6; thus, although the base 14 and transponder are mounted on the same tie, they are independent of each other.

Fig. 5C is a schematic diagram illustrating the mounting of the ballast bed transponder integrated protective device to a type iii sleeper according to the present invention. A3 mm distance is designed between the reinforcing ribs 16 and the III-type sleeper 5, so that the base 14 can be guaranteed to be smoothly installed on the III-type sleeper 5 with production tolerance. When the base 14 is impacted by ice blocks, the impact force is transmitted to the sleeper through the reinforcing ribs 16 after the base 14 is displaced by 3mm, so that the impact on the base bracket 17 is reduced, and the fastening firmness of the base 14 is protected. Because the distance from the edge of the transponder to the inner edge of the groove of the base is 5mm after installation and is greater than the distance from the reinforcing rib 16 to the sleeper by 3mm, the base 14 can not contact the transponder after impact movement, and the impact force can not be transmitted to the transponder, thereby playing the role of protecting the transponder. The impacted surface of the base 14 is designed into a circular arc surface 19, so that the overall strength of the surface is increased, the impact resistance of the surface is improved, and the ice breaking function and the impact force dispersion can be realized.

Fig. 5D is a schematic diagram illustrating the mounting of the ballast bed responder integrated protection device to a ii-type sleeper according to the present invention. Since the width of the type ii bolster 20 is reduced relative to the type iii bolster 5, in view of the versatility of the base 14, when the base 14 is mounted to the type ii bolster 20, a spacer 21 is designed which fills the gap between the base 14 and the type ii bolster 20 after being compressed. When the base 14 is impacted by ice blocks, the impact force is transmitted to the sleeper by the base 14 through the cushion block 21, the impact on the base bracket 17 is reduced, and the fastening firmness of the base 14 is protected. As with installing to III type sleeper 5, base 14 can not contact the transponder after the striking removes, and the impact can not transmit to the transponder, can play the effect of protection transponder. The cushion block 21 is made of polyurethane elastic material, is consistent with the elastic cushion plate material used below the high-speed railway steel rail, and has the advantages of good performance, strong weather resistance, long service life, low cost and the like.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of an installation effect of the integrated protection device for the ballast bed responder. The active transponder 7 is fixed to the transponder holder 6 and the fastening bolt 8 is secured against loosening by means of a spring washer 9 and a flat washer 10.

The two kinds of ballast bed transponder protection devices designed by the invention are also suitable for protecting passive transponders, and the only difference is that the passive transponders do not have tail cables 13.

The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.