阅读说明：本技术 一种液压阻尼器 (Hydraulic damper ) 是由 龚颖 于 2020-11-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种液压阻尼器,包括圆柱形中空的外壳体,在外壳体内有圆柱形中空的液压缸体,在外壳体与内液压缸体间形成溢流腔,液压缸内容纳有能够轴向移动的活塞,液压缸内具有容积可变的液压工作压力腔和容积可变的液压平衡腔,压力腔由活塞的内端和液压缸限定,平衡腔限定在活塞的外端和液压缸之间的环形空间内,压力腔和平衡腔在液压缸内由活塞隔开,液压缸壁上均匀设有多个流通孔,压力腔和溢流腔通过流通孔相连,溢流腔和平衡腔直接相联。当活塞沿轴向压缩移动时,移动幅度变大,流通孔能导通的数量变少,阻力变大,移动幅度越大,流通孔能导通的数量越少,阻力越大。当活塞沿轴向伸长移动时,移动幅度变大,流通孔能导通的数量变多,阻力变小,移动幅度越大,流通孔能导通的数量越多,阻力越小。(The invention discloses a hydraulic damper, which comprises a cylindrical hollow outer shell, wherein a cylindrical hollow hydraulic cylinder body is arranged in the outer shell, an overflow cavity is formed between the outer shell and the inner hydraulic cylinder body, a piston capable of moving axially is accommodated in the hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic working pressure cavity with variable volume and a hydraulic balance cavity with variable volume are arranged in the hydraulic cylinder, the pressure cavity is limited by the inner end of the piston and the hydraulic cylinder, the balance cavity is limited in an annular space between the outer end of the piston and the hydraulic cylinder, the pressure cavity and the balance cavity are separated by the piston in the hydraulic cylinder, a plurality of circulation holes are uniformly formed in the wall of the hydraulic cylinder, the pressure cavity is connected with the overflow cavity through the circulation holes, and the overflow cavity is directly connected with the balance. When the piston is compressed and moved in the axial direction, the movement width is increased, the number of the communication holes that can be communicated is decreased, the resistance is increased, and the larger the movement width is, the smaller the number of the communication holes that can be communicated is, and the greater the resistance is. When the piston moves in an axial direction in an extended manner, the movement width increases, the number of the flow holes that can be communicated increases, the resistance decreases, and the larger the movement width is, the larger the number of the flow holes that can be communicated increases, and the smaller the resistance is.)

1. A hydraulic damper comprising:

an outer shell, a hydraulic cylinder body, a piston and a one-way valve,

the hydraulic cylinder body is arranged in the outer shell, a piston capable of moving axially is accommodated in the hydraulic cylinder body,

the method is characterized in that:

a hydraulic overflow cavity is arranged between the outer shell and the hydraulic cylinder body,

the hydraulic cylinder body is internally provided with a working pressure cavity with variable volume and a hydraulic balance cavity with variable volume, the pressure cavity and the balance cavity are separated by a piston, the hydraulic balance cavity is communicated with a hydraulic overflow cavity,

the hydraulic cylinder body is provided with a plurality of circulation holes, the working pressure cavity is connected with the hydraulic overflow cavity through the circulation holes,

the one-way valve is communicated with the overflow cavity and the pressure cavity.

2. The hydraulic damper of claim 1, wherein: the hydraulic cylinder body is annularly provided with a plurality of layers on the wall of the hydraulic cylinder, each layer is provided with a plurality of circulation holes, and the working pressure cavity is connected with the hydraulic overflow cavity through the circulation holes.

3. The hydraulic damper of claim 1, wherein: the one-way valve is communicated with the pressure cavity and the overflow cavity, so that the overflow cavity is communicated towards the pressure cavity in one way, the one-way valve is communicated when the pressure of the overflow cavity is greater than the pressure of the pressure cavity, and the one-way valve is stopped when the pressure of the pressure cavity is greater than the pressure of the overflow cavity.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a hydraulic damper.

Background

The hydraulic damper is a vibration damping device sensitive to speed, and controls the movement of a hydraulic cylinder piston by a valve with a special structure so as to restrain the influence of periodic load and impact load of equipment.

The general functions and structures of a hydraulic damper include: a hollow cylindrical hydraulic cylinder housing and a piston and piston rod, the piston being axially displaceable in the cylindrical housing. A working chamber in the housing contains a volume of hydraulic fluid. The working cavity is communicated with the overflow cavity through a throttle oil way and a valve with a special structure.

During the compression process of the damper, when a load pushes the piston into the shell, hydraulic liquid is forced to enter the overflow cavity through the special structure valve through the throttling oil passage along with the reduction of the volume of the working pressure cavity. During load displacement speed transients, the valve of the hydraulic damper is activated, which generates a counter-resistance of the same magnitude as the force pushing the piston, damping the displacement of the piston.

A hydraulic damper is a speed sensitive device. When the movement caused by the force exceeds the allowable speed, the damper will lock, load, and limit the speed to a value called post-latch speed or leak rate.

When the speed of the piston rod is smaller than the locking speed under the normal working condition, the acting force on the piston is small, when the instantaneous impact load occurs, the speed of the piston rod is increased to reach the locking speed, the hydraulic oil pushes the valve core, the valve core overcomes the spring force to be closed, the hydraulic oil can only flow through the small damping hole (throttle valve), the damping force is formed, and the damper is locked. Thereby realizing the purposes of vibration reduction and vibration resistance.

Most of the existing hydraulic dampers are devices sensitive to speed, and when a piston rod is pushed slowly, as long as the piston rod does not reach the locking speed of a valve and is pushed to the end, the resistance of the piston rod cannot be changed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a distance-based damper, when a load pushes a piston rod to enable a piston to enter a hydraulic cylinder, the resistance of the piston is increased along with the deepening of the piston, and the deeper the piston is pushed, the larger the resistance of the piston is.

A damper that meets one or more of the above objects includes:

a cylindrical hollow outer shell body which is provided with a plurality of holes,

a cylindrical hollow hydraulic cylinder body is arranged in the cylinder,

the hydraulic cylinder body is arranged in the outer shell, an overflow cavity is formed between the outer shell and the hydraulic cylinder body, a piston capable of moving axially is accommodated in the hydraulic cylinder,

the hydraulic cylinder is internally provided with a hydraulic working pressure cavity with variable volume, the hydraulic working pressure cavity is limited by the inner end of the piston and the hydraulic cylinder,

the hydraulic cylinder is internally provided with a hydraulic balance cavity with variable volume, the hydraulic balance cavity is limited in an annular space between the outer end of the piston and the hydraulic cylinder, the pressure cavity and the balance cavity are separated by the piston in the hydraulic cylinder, the balance cavity is directly connected with the overflow cavity,

a plurality of small circulation holes (hereinafter referred to as circulation holes) are uniformly formed in the wall of the hydraulic cylinder, and the pressure cavity is connected with the overflow cavity through the circulation holes;

when the piston is compressed and moved in the axial direction, the number of the flow holes which can be communicated becomes small, the resistance becomes large, and the larger the movement distance is, the smaller the number of the flow holes which can be communicated becomes, and the larger the resistance becomes. When the piston moves along the axial extension, the number of the through holes which can be communicated is increased, the resistance is reduced, and the larger the moving distance is, the more the number of the through holes are communicated is, and the resistance is reduced.

The piston is compressed to the bottom, when all circulation holes can not be communicated, when the piston extends and moves under the condition, all the circulation holes can not be communicated, hydraulic oil in an overflow cavity can not flow into a pressure cavity, so that the piston can not move, or the resistance to movement is overlarge.

In a preferred scheme, the check valve is directly arranged in the piston, and when the piston extends to travel, hydraulic oil in the overflow cavity flows into the pressure cavity through the balance cavity and the check valve.

In yet another alternative, a channel is provided at the very top of the compression of the piston at the very bottom of the cylinder, connected to the spill cavity via a check valve.

Drawings

The damper will be further described in connection with the accompanying schematic drawings, in which.

Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view for illustrating the operation of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic view of the flow of fluid during a compression stroke of the damper of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic view of the damper of the present invention with fluid flow during an extension stroke.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, the main structural components of the damper include:

a cylindrical hollow outer shell 1;

a cylindrical hollow hydraulic cylinder body 2 disposed in the outer shell 1;

a piston 3 axially movable within the hydraulic cylinder 2;

a check valve 31 disposed in the piston 3;

the hydraulic oil liquid level 11 is higher than the hydraulic oil liquid level 11 of the inner hydraulic cylinder body 2;

the maximum position of the stroke of the piston 3 is 22, the minimum position of the stroke of the piston 3 is 21, the piston 3 moves from the direction 22 to the direction 21 and is a compression stroke, and the piston 3 moves from the direction 21 to the direction 22 and is an extension stroke;

an overflow cavity 41 is formed between the outer shell 1 and the hydraulic cylinder body 2, a hydraulic working pressure cavity 42 with variable volume is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder 2, and the hydraulic working pressure cavity 42 is limited by the inner end of the piston and the hydraulic cylinder 2; the hydraulic cylinder 2 is internally provided with a hydraulic balance cavity 43 with variable volume, the hydraulic balance cavity 43 is limited in an annular space between the outer end of the piston 3 and the hydraulic cylinder 2, the pressure cavity 42 and the balance cavity 43 are separated by the piston 3 in the hydraulic cylinder 2, and the hydraulic balance cavity 43 is communicated with the hydraulic overflow cavity 41; on the hydraulic cylinder body 2, several layers (231, 232, 233, 234, 235, etc.) are annularly arranged, several through holes are arranged in each layer, and the pressure chamber 42 and the overflow chamber 41 are connected through the through holes.

An example compression stroke, as shown in FIG. 2;

when the piston 3 moves in the compression direction, the volume of the pressure chamber 42 becomes smaller, the pressure in the chamber becomes larger, the pressure in the pressure chamber 42 becomes larger than the pressure in the relief chamber 41, and the check valve 31 is closed.

When the piston 3 starts to compress from the limit stroke 22 and moves from the direction 22 to the direction 21, all the flow holes from the 231 th layer to the 235 th layer can be conducted, and the resistance of the piston 3 is small. When the piston 3 moves further in the direction 21, the flow holes in the 235 stages are not communicated with each other and only the flow holes in the 231 to 234 stages are communicated with each other, and the number of the flow holes that can be communicated with each other is reduced, and the resistance of the piston 3 is increased, and when the piston 3 moves past the 234 stages, the flow holes in the 234 and 235 stages are not communicated with each other and only the flow holes in the 231 to 233 stages are communicated with each other, and the number of the flow holes that can be communicated with each other is reduced, and the resistance of the piston 3 is further increased. The closer to the 21 position, the smaller the number of flow holes that can be communicated with, the greater the resistance of the piston 3, until all the flow holes are not communicated with, and the piston 3 is compressed to the maximum, and the resistance reaches the maximum.

Example extension travel, as shown in FIG. 3:

when the piston 3 moves in the extending direction, the volume of the pressure chamber 42 increases, the pressure in the chamber decreases, the pressure in the pressure chamber 42 becomes smaller than the pressure in the relief chamber 41, and the check valve 31 is opened.

Assuming that the piston 3 starts to extend from the limit stroke 21, when moving from the 21 direction to the 22 direction, all the flow holes from the 231 layer to the 235 layer cannot be conducted, the piston resistance is maximum, at this time, the pressure in the pressure chamber 42 is smaller than the pressure in the overflow chamber 41, the check valve 31 is conducted, and the hydraulic oil enters the pressure chamber 42 through the check valve 31. The piston 3 continues to move in the direction 22, and when it moves past the 231-stage position, the flow holes in the 231-stage position are opened, and the piston resistance is reduced. When it moves past the position of 232, the flow holes of 231 and 232 layers are communicated, the number of the flow holes which can be communicated is increased, and the resistance of the piston 3 is further reduced.

The closer to the position 22, the greater the number of flow openings that can be conducted, the lower the resistance of the piston 3, until all flow openings can be conducted, and the maximum piston 3 is reached.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.