阅读说明：本技术 一种复合焦油及其制备方法与应用 (Composite tar and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 汤广武 任丽梅 于 2019-09-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于化工领域,公开了一种复合焦油及制备方法和应用,具体为,所述的复合焦油包括焦油和油脂类物质,所述焦油与油脂类物质的质量比为1:0.1～5,制法为：将所述焦油与所述油脂类物质混合后进行破块处理,即得。本发明的复合焦油能有效改善焦油粘稠特性,使其在常温甚至低温状态下均可作为驱虫剂和除臭剂使用。(The invention belongs to the field of chemical industry, and discloses composite tar and a preparation method and application thereof, and specifically the composite tar comprises tar and grease substances, wherein the mass ratio of the tar to the grease substances is 1: 0.1-5, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: and mixing the tar and the grease substances, and then carrying out block breaking treatment to obtain the product. The composite tar can effectively improve the viscosity characteristic of the tar, so that the tar can be used as an insect repellent and a deodorant at normal temperature and even at low temperature.)

1. The composite tar is characterized by comprising tar and oil-type substances, wherein the mass ratio of the tar to the oil-type substances is 1: 0.1-5.

2. The composite tar according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the tar to the oil-and-fat substances is 1: 0.5-1.5; preferably, the mass ratio of the tar to the grease-like substances is 1: 1.

3. The composite tar according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tar comprises at least one of a plant tar and a mineral tar;

preferably, the plant tar comprises at least one of wood tar, bamboo tar and grass tar; the mineral tar comprises at least one of coal tar, pitch tar and petroleum tar.

4. The composite tar according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the oleaginous substance is at least one of vegetable oil, animal oil and cooking oil.

5. The composite tar according to any of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that an emulsifier is further added to the composite tar; preferably, the mass ratio of the emulsifier to the tar is 1: 0.1-0.5.

6. The composite tar according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the emulsifier comprises at least one of Tween 20, Tween 80, sodium dodecylsulphonate and Nongru 6520.

7. Use of the composite tar according to any of claims 1 to 6 for the preparation of an odor-reducing agent and an insect repellent.

8. A method of producing a composite tar according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the tar is mixed with the said fatty substances and then subjected to a lumping treatment.

9. The method for preparing composite tar according to claim 8, wherein the composite tar comprises an emulsifier, and the method comprises: and respectively mixing the tar, the grease substances and the emulsifier, and then carrying out block breaking treatment to obtain the product.

10. The method of claim 8 or 9, wherein the breaking treatment is performed by ultrafine grinding or milling for 5-10 min.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of chemical industry, and particularly relates to composite tar and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

At present, tar oil on the market mainly comprises plant tar oil and mineral tar oil, wherein the plant tar oil is biomass gasification liquid obtained by condensing gas collected after pyrolysis of plant materials and processing residues thereof at normal temperature, and bamboo vinegar liquid, wood vinegar liquid and grass vinegar liquid mainly exist at present. The biomass gasification liquid is stored and aged for 1-6 months to form brown liquid and black oily substances which are layered and separated to obtain black oily substances, namely biomass gasification tar, which mainly comprises bamboo tar, wood tar and grass tar at present. Mineral tar is black or black brown viscous liquid generated during dry distillation of coal, petroleum, asphalt and the like, is an important byproduct in the processing process of mineral raw materials, and mainly comprises coal tar, petroleum tar and asphalt tar at present. The plant tar and the mineral tar are widely applied, can effectively remove peculiar smell molecules, can remove various common peculiar smells including hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, sulfur dioxide, methyl mercaptan, ethanethiol, amine, styrene and other slightly soluble peculiar smell gases, and can be used as a deodorant; meanwhile, the plant tar and the mineral tar contain a large amount of carbon elements and can be used as fuel; in addition, the plant tar can also act on soil and be used as an insect repellant, thereby being green and environment-friendly. Meanwhile, the plant tar can also be used as an environment-friendly fuel and a fertilizer.

However, both plant tar and mineral tar have high viscosity at normal temperature, and are not easy to spray or even block spray orifices when used as deodorizers and insect repellents, and the viscous property of the tar can cause uneven distribution of tar when acting on soil or deodorizing places, thereby affecting the use effect.

The present invention has been made in view of this situation.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the composite tar which can effectively improve the viscosity characteristic of the tar and enables the tar to be normally used at normal temperature or even low temperature.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides composite tar which comprises tar and oil-type substances, wherein the mass ratio of the tar to the oil-type substances is 1: 0.1-5.

In the scheme, the tar comprises light tar and heavy tar, the heavy tar has high molecular weight and high viscosity, and the layering phenomenon can occur when the tar is kept stand for a period of time. According to the invention, after tar and oil-based substances are mixed, light tar and the oil-based substances can be mixed in any proportion due to the principle of similar compatibility, benzene-based substances in heavy tar are combined with fatty acid in the oil to form hard blocks, and the hard blocks are layered. Meanwhile, the composite tar has wide application temperature, the use temperature is more than or equal to 0 ℃, and the composite tar can be normally used in a normal temperature environment and even a low temperature environment.

In addition, the weight ratio of tar to oil-and-fat substances is set to be 1: 0.1-5, when the content of tar is too much, the prepared composite tar still has a bonding phenomenon, so that the flowability is poor, and when the content of tar is too much, the prepared composite tar has insufficient smell and unsatisfactory insect expelling and deodorizing effects.

Further, the mass ratio of the tar to the oil-and-fat substances is 1: 0.5-1.5; preferably, the weight ratio of the tar to the grease-like substance or the emulsifier is 1: 1.

Further, the tar comprises at least one of plant tar and mineral tar;

preferably, the plant tar comprises at least one of wood tar, bamboo tar and grass tar; the mineral tar comprises at least one of coal tar, pitch tar and petroleum tar.

The plant tar and the mineral tar can be obtained commercially, or the bamboo tar is prepared by adopting the content disclosed by the Chinese patent CN107416826B and the coal tar is prepared by adopting the content disclosed by the Chinese publication No. CN 102952557A.

Further, the grease matter is at least one of vegetable oil, animal oil and edible oil from kitchen, and is preferably vegetable oil.

The vegetable oil is edible oil prepared from edible vegetable oil or vegetable crude oil serving as a raw material, and comprises soybean oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, sesame oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower seed oil, palm oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, olive oil, edible vegetable blend oil and the like.

Further, an emulsifier is added into the composite tar; preferably, the mass ratio of the emulsifier to the tar is 1: 0.1-0.5.

In the scheme, the emulsifier is added to reduce the surface tension of molecules in the mixed system, and can endow the particles with electric charges to generate electrostatic repulsive force among the particles, so that the fine particles formed by the breaking treatment are uniformly dispersed in the mixed system to form uniform dispersion.

Further, the emulsifier comprises at least one of tween 20, tween 80, sodium dodecyl sulfate and farm milk 6520.

The second purpose of the invention also provides a preparation method of the composite tar, which is to mix the tar and the grease substances and then carry out block breaking treatment to obtain the composite tar.

Or, the composite tar comprises an emulsifier, and the control method comprises the following steps: respectively mixing the tar, the grease substances and the emulsifier, and then performing crushing treatment to obtain the product.

In the above scheme, after the tar is mixed with the oil-and-fat substance, the benzene substance contained in the tar reacts with the fatty acid in the oil-and-fat substance, and the mixed substance forms hard blocks, so that after the tar is mixed with the oil-and-fat substance, the block breaking treatment is also needed, and the formed hard blocks are uniformly dispersed in the mixture after being crushed.

Further, the crushing treatment is ultra-fine grinding treatment or grinding treatment, and the treatment time is 5-10 min.

The third purpose of the invention also provides the application of the composite tar in preparing an odor removing agent and/or an insect repellent.

When the compound tar is used as a deodorant and an insect repellent, the compound tar needs to be diluted by a certain multiple and then uniformly sprayed in an environment needing to remove the odor or repel the insects, and when the compound tar is used as the insect repellent, the compound tar can be mixed with a fertilizer and then acts in soil in the process of fertilization. The preferred dilution factor is 200 to 500 times.

After adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, tar and oil substances are mixed to form hard blocks, and then fine particles formed by block breaking treatment are uniformly dispersed in a tar mixing system under the wrapping of oil, so that light tar and heavy tar are uniformly mixed to form a stable homogeneous body, and when the tar-containing mixed oil is used as an insect repellent and a deodorant, the tar-containing mixed oil can act on places and soil needing deodorization in a spraying manner and is uniformly distributed, so that spray holes are not easily blocked, and the use amount of tar is reduced to a certain extent;

2. according to the invention, the emulsifier is added into the composite tar to reduce the surface tension of molecules in a mixing system, and can endow the particles with charges, so that electrostatic repulsive force is generated among the particles, and therefore, the fine particles formed by the breaking treatment are uniformly dispersed in the mixing system to form a uniform dispersion body.

Detailed Description

Example 1

Wood tar/soybean oil composite tar

The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing 1kg of wood tar and 1kg of soybean oil at normal temperature (25 deg.C), stirring, standing for a period of time (about 5-10min) to form agglomeration, and micronizing for 5min to obtain the composite tar.

Example 2

Grass tar/sunflower seed oil composite tar

The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing 1kg of grass tar, 0.1kg of sunflower seed oil and 0.5kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate at 10 ℃, stirring uniformly, standing for a period of time (about 5-10min) to cause caking phenomenon, and performing ultrafine grinding for 8min to obtain the composite tar.

Example 3

Bamboo tar/lard

The preparation method comprises mixing 1kg of wood tar and 1.5kg of lard at 30 deg.C, stirring, standing for a period of time (about 5-10min) to form agglomeration, and grinding for 10min to obtain the composite tar.

Example 4

Coal tar/kitchen waste edible oil composite tar

The preparation method comprises mixing 1kg of coal tar, 5kg of kitchen waste edible oil and 0.1kg of Tween 80 at 5 deg.C, stirring, standing for a period of time (about 5-10min) to form agglomeration, and grinding for 6min to obtain the composite tar.

Example 5

Asphalt tar/rapeseed oil composite tar

The preparation method comprises mixing 1kg of coal tar and 0.5kg of rapeseed oil at 15 deg.C, stirring, standing for a period of time (about 5-10min) to form agglomeration, and grinding for 7min to obtain the composite tar.

Example 6

Petroleum tar/soybean oil composite tar

The preparation method comprises mixing 1kg of coal tar and 0.8kg of soybean oil at 0 deg.C, stirring, standing for a period of time (about 5-10min) to form agglomeration, and grinding for 10min to obtain the composite tar.

Comparative example

The wood tar of this comparative example, without added fatty substances, was sourced or extracted in the same manner as the wood tar of example 1.

Test example 1

The seedling (tomato is taken as an experimental object) of the same agricultural product on the same soil area is respectively tested by using the example 1 and the comparative example, and the specific method is as follows: the solution obtained in example 1 and the comparative example were diluted 220 times and sprayed on the cultivated trench, and the solution was sprayed on the leaf surface in the same manner after the seedling grew 5cm, and then sprayed on the leaf surface in the same manner after the seedling grew 12 cm. The insecticidal effect and the amounts of the two insecticides used were examined as shown in the following table.

Table 1:

item	Insect-repelling rate	Amount of the composition used	Clogging of the nozzle
				Example 1	93.2％	2.1L	The spray hole is not blocked
Comparative example	82.1％	3.2L	Multiple blockage of spray hole

The experimental results in table 1 show that example 1 is superior to the comparative example in insecticidal effect, and example 1 is used as an insecticide in a smaller amount than comparative example 1, and does not cause clogging of the spray hole during use. The composite tar of the invention has obviously better insecticidal effect and use experience when being used as an insect repellent than the comparative example.

The products of examples 2 to 6, when used as insecticides, have the same effects as those obtained in example 1 and are not described in detail herein.

Test example 2

The deodorization test was performed by using example 1 and comparative example, respectively, by the following specific methods: 10g of the well-mixed chicken manure is accurately weighed and placed into three 100ml triangular bottles and sealed by rubber plugs, wherein 1ml of the deodorant in the example 1 and the comparative example is respectively added into two bottles, and the rest 1 bottle is used as a blank control. The feces bottle is placed at room temperature, 50ml of gas is respectively pumped by a 50ml syringe every day, and ammonia hydrogen sulfide is respectively absorbed by 0.02mol/L sulfuric acid solution and 0.01mol/L iodine solution at the speed of less than 1L/min. The determination of ammonia gas is carried out by adopting a Naeser test paper colorimetric method, hydrogen sulfide is carried out by adopting a titration method, and the continuous determination time intervals are 0h,24h,48h,72h, 96h,120h and 144h, and the results are shown in tables 2-4.

Table 2: ammonia content (mg/m) at different treatment times³)

TABLE 3 content of hydrogen sulfide (mg/m) at different treatment times³)

The removal rates of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide for the respective treatment methods were calculated from the results of tables 2 and 3, and the calculation formula was as follows: the ammonia (hydrogen sulfide) removal rate ═ initial ammonia (hydrogen sulfide) content-treated ammonia (hydrogen sulfide) content ]/initial ammonia (hydrogen sulfide) content × 100%, the calculation results are shown in table 4.

TABLE 4 treatment mode removal rates (%)

Item	Removal rate of ammonia gas	Removal rate of hydrogen sulfide
			Example 1	85.77	72.18
Comparative example	70.81	62.58

As is clear from the results in Table 4, the deodorizing effect of the deodorizing agent obtained by using the composite tar of the present invention is remarkably superior to that of the comparative example. The wood tar in a viscous state is mixed with the soybean oil, so that the viscosity of the wood tar is obviously reduced, tar molecules are uniformly dispersed in a mixed system, and the wood tar is easier to react with molecules with peculiar smells such as ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide and the like, so that the deodorization effect is achieved.

The products of examples 2 to 6 obtained the same effects as those of example 1 when used as a deodorant, and are not described in detail herein.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.