阅读说明：本技术 环保型抛光剂、铝件及其抛光处理方法 (Environment-friendly polishing agent, aluminum piece and polishing treatment method thereof ) 是由 刘国平 于 2020-12-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种环保型抛光剂、铝件及其抛光处理方法。环保型抛光剂用于铝件表面预处理,以200重量份计,包括如下重量份数的成分：10-20份硝酸,0.005-0.02份硫酸铜,10-20份氢氟酸,5-10铬酐,3-5份尿素,0.5-3份硫酸铵和余量水。经过上述环保型抛光剂处理后,铝件表面清洁光亮,而且整个抛光处理方法工艺设备简单、可处理形状复杂的工件,操作方便,使用成本低。而且该抛光剂中,尿素、硫酸铵可减少有害气体溢出,更加环保。(The invention relates to an environment-friendly polishing agent, an aluminum piece and a polishing treatment method thereof. The environment-friendly polishing agent is used for surface pretreatment of aluminum parts and comprises the following components in parts by weight in 200 parts by weight: 10-20 parts of nitric acid, 0.005-0.02 part of copper sulfate, 10-20 parts of hydrofluoric acid, 5-10 parts of chromic anhydride, 3-5 parts of urea, 0.5-3 parts of ammonium sulfate and the balance of water. After the environment-friendly polishing agent is used for treating, the surface of an aluminum piece is clean and bright, and the whole polishing treatment method has the advantages of simple process equipment, capability of treating workpieces with complex shapes, convenience in operation and low use cost. In addition, in the polishing agent, the urea and the ammonium sulfate can reduce the overflow of harmful gases, thereby being more environment-friendly.)

1. The environment-friendly polishing agent is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight in 200 parts by weight: 10-20 parts of nitric acid, 0.005-0.02 part of copper sulfate, 10-20 parts of hydrofluoric acid, 5-10 parts of chromic anhydride, 3-5 parts of urea, 0.5-3 parts of ammonium sulfate and the balance of water.

2. The environment-friendly polishing agent according to claim 1, wherein the nitric acid is present in an amount of 12 to 18 parts by weight.

3. The environmentally friendly polishing agent of claim 1 wherein the copper sulfate is present in an amount of 0.01 to 0.02 parts by weight.

4. The environmentally friendly polishing composition of claim 1 wherein the hydrofluoric acid is present in an amount of 12 to 18 parts by weight.

5. The environment-friendly polishing agent according to claim 1, wherein the chromic anhydride is present in an amount of 6 to 8 parts by weight.

6. The environmentally friendly polishing agent of claim 1 wherein the urea is present in an amount of 2 to 4 parts by weight.

7. The environmentally friendly polishing agent of claim 1 wherein the ammonium sulfate is present in an amount of from 1 to 2 parts by weight.

8. An aluminum piece polishing treatment method comprises the following steps: formulating the environmentally friendly polish of any one of claims 1 to 7; and (3) immersing the aluminum piece into an environment-friendly polishing agent solution, performing treatment at preset time and temperature, washing the aluminum piece with water, and entering the next procedure.

9. An aluminum member polishing treatment method as set forth in claim 1, wherein after polishing for a predetermined time of 0.5 to 1 minute, passivating again, and then washing with water and drying, the predetermined temperature is 60 to 100 ℃.

10. An aluminum member characterized in that the surface of the aluminum member is polished by the aluminum member polishing treatment method as set forth in claim 8.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of iron surface treatment, in particular to an environment-friendly polishing agent, an aluminum piece and a polishing treatment method thereof.

Background

In order to improve the surface properties or appearance of the product, the surface of the workpiece is usually treated. For example, surface treatment processes for stainless steel, zinc alloys, aluminum, and the like, and alloys thereof, are in great popularity. Furthermore, most workpieces are also subjected to a pretreatment, such as cleaning, desmutting, or degreasing, prior to surface treatment, and some metal workpieces are also subjected to a polishing treatment.

Generally, in the mechanical processing and electronic and electrical industries, the cleaning and polishing treatment, i.e., polishing treatment, of aluminum parts is common. Conventional polishing agents typically employ mechanical polishing or triacid polishing, wherein mechanical polishing is poor for complex workpiece geometries and is prone to cracking and scratching. The triacid in the triacid polishing, namely concentrated nitric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated phosphoric acid, reacts violently under the high-temperature condition, gas is volatilized greatly, and a large amount of NO can be generated_XGas is unsafe, has great harm to the environment and great energy consumption。

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, an environment-friendly polishing agent with better physical appearance, higher mechanical properties, better corrosion resistance, easy cleaning, special effect generation, less odor and less energy consumption, an aluminum part polishing method and an aluminum part prepared by polishing are provided.

An environment-friendly polishing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight, based on 200 parts by weight: 10-20 parts of nitric acid, 0.005-0.02 part of copper sulfate, 10-20 parts of hydrofluoric acid, 5-10 parts of chromic anhydride, 3-5 parts of urea, 0.5-3 parts of ammonium sulfate and the balance of water.

An aluminum piece polishing treatment method comprises the following steps: preparing the environment-friendly polishing agent; and (3) immersing the aluminum piece into an environment-friendly polishing agent solution, and washing the aluminum piece with water after treatment at preset time and temperature.

And an aluminum member, the surface of which is polished by the aluminum member polishing treatment method as described above.

After the treatment of the environment-friendly polishing agent, the surface of the aluminum piece has high light reflectivity and no defects of pitting, spots, white mist and the like, and the whole polishing treatment method has the advantages of simple process, small smell, convenient operation and low use cost. The environment-friendly polishing agent is added with urea and ammonium sulfate, so that the overflow of harmful gases can be reduced, and the environment-friendly polishing agent belongs to the environment-friendly polishing agent.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.

The embodiment of the invention provides an environment-friendly polishing agent, which is used for surface pretreatment of aluminum parts and comprises the following components in parts by weight in 200 parts by weight: 10-20 parts of nitric acid, 0.005-0.02 part of copper sulfate, 10-20 parts of hydrofluoric acid, 5-10 parts of chromic anhydride, 3-5 parts of urea, 0.5-3 parts of ammonium sulfate and the balance of water.

Specifically, the weight part of the nitric acid is preferably 12 to 18 parts. The weight portion of the copper sulfate is preferably 0.01-0.02 portion, the weight portion of the hydrofluoric acid is preferably 12-18 portions, and the weight portion of the chromic anhydride is preferably 6-8 portions. The weight portion of the urea is preferably 2-4 parts, and the weight portion of the ammonium sulfate is preferably 1-2 parts.

In the chemical etching process, the microscopic projections on the metal surface are in solution and the dissolution rate is much greater than that of the microscopic depressions, resulting in a gradually leveled and smooth, shiny surface. The proportion of each component is controlled to be balanced, so that a better polishing effect is achieved. Nitric acid, hydrofluoric acid and chromic anhydride remove oxide skin and enable the surface of aluminum to react quickly, wherein the nitric acid and chromic anhydride increase oxidability so as to inhibit corrosion pits, and the urea and ammonium sulfate can reduce the overflow of harmful gases and are more environment-friendly. Copper sulfate can improve the reflectivity of the aluminum alloy.

The embodiment of the invention also provides an aluminum piece polishing treatment method, which comprises the following steps: preparing the environment-friendly polishing agent; and (3) immersing the aluminum piece into an environment-friendly polishing agent solution, washing the aluminum piece with water after a preset time, and drying.

Specifically, the predetermined time is 0.5 to 1 minute. Further, after polishing, passivation or oxidation is performed, and then washing and drying are performed. During polishing treatment, the temperature is controlled at 60-100 ℃. Furthermore, pretreatment such as degreasing, degreasing and descaling is performed before polishing.

The embodiment of the invention also provides the aluminum piece, which is polished by the aluminum piece polishing method, so that the aluminum piece forms a clean and bright surface. After the environment-friendly polishing agent is used for treating, the surface of an aluminum piece is clean, the light reflectivity is high, and the whole polishing treatment method is simple in process, convenient to operate and low in use cost.

Specifically, the following examples illustrate that, since the composition of the aluminum alloy greatly affects the surface brightness after chemical polishing, generally, the higher the purity of the aluminum, the better the polishing brightness, and the following examples are made of Al — Mg alloy with aluminum in a mass fraction of 99.99%.

Example 1

The following components are mixed according to the following parts by weight (the total weight is 200 parts by weight): 10 parts of nitric acid, 0.005 part of copper sulfate, 10 parts of hydrofluoric acid, 5 parts of chromic anhydride, 3 parts of urea, 0.5 part of ammonium sulfate and the balance of water.

The treatment method comprises the following steps: preparing an environment-friendly polishing agent; deoiling and descaling an aluminum piece in advance, then washing with water, immersing the workpiece with a clean surface into an environment-friendly polishing agent solution at 85 ℃, washing with water after 1 minute, and drying.

After the treatment by the environment-friendly polishing agent solution, the surface of a workpiece is observed, and the whole surface is clean and bright and has consistent color and no spots, white fog, pitting corrosion and other abnormalities. The specular reflectivity is more than 40%.

Example 2

The following components are mixed according to the following parts by weight (the total weight is 200 parts by weight): 13 parts of nitric acid, 0.01 part of copper sulfate, 13 parts of hydrofluoric acid, 7 parts of chromic anhydride, 4 parts of urea, 1 part of ammonium sulfate and the balance of water.

The treatment method comprises the following steps: preparing an environment-friendly polishing agent; deoiling and descaling an aluminum piece in advance, then washing with water, immersing the workpiece with a clean surface into an environment-friendly polishing agent solution at 85 ℃, washing with water after 1 minute, and drying.

After the treatment by the environment-friendly polishing agent solution, the surface of a workpiece is observed, and the whole surface is clean and bright and has consistent color and no spots, white fog, pitting corrosion and other abnormalities. The specular reflectivity is more than 50%.

Example 3

The following components are mixed according to the following parts by weight (the total weight is 200 parts by weight): 17 parts of nitric acid, 0.015 part of copper sulfate, 17 parts of hydrofluoric acid, 8 parts of chromic anhydride, 4 parts of urea, 2 parts of ammonium sulfate and the balance of water.

The treatment method comprises the following steps: preparing an environment-friendly polishing agent; deoiling and descaling an aluminum piece in advance, then washing with water, immersing the workpiece with a clean surface into an environment-friendly polishing agent solution at 85 ℃, washing with water after 1 minute, and drying.

After the treatment by the environment-friendly polishing agent solution, the surface of a workpiece is observed, and the whole surface is clean and bright and has consistent color and no spots, white fog, pitting corrosion and other abnormalities. The specular reflectivity is more than 60%.

Example 4

The following components are mixed according to the following parts by weight (the total weight is 200 parts by weight): 20 parts of nitric acid, 0.02 part of copper sulfate, 20 parts of hydrofluoric acid, 10 parts of chromic anhydride, 5 parts of urea, 3 parts of ammonium sulfate and the balance of water.

The treatment method comprises the following steps: preparing an environment-friendly polishing agent; deoiling and descaling an aluminum piece in advance, then washing with water, immersing the workpiece with a clean surface into an environment-friendly polishing agent solution at 85 ℃, washing with water after 40 seconds, and drying.

After the treatment by the environment-friendly polishing agent solution, the surface of a workpiece is observed, and the whole surface is clean and bright and has consistent color and no spots, white fog, pitting corrosion and other abnormalities. The specular reflectivity is more than 80%.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and other changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art according to the spirit of the present invention, and these changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention as claimed.