阅读说明：本技术 球形齿轮减速器 (Spherical gear reducer ) 是由 杨道龙 王雁翔 马小雷 江红祥 曹展 王研成 于 2020-12-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种球形齿轮减速器,适用于机械传动领域。包括输入装置、若干输出装置、壳体,所述输入装置和若干所述输出装置在壳体内啮合,所述输入装置和若干所述输出装置分别贯穿壳体,若干所述输出装置与所述壳体滑动连接,减速器在传动过程中能够随时改变输出轴与输入轴的夹角,方便及时调整输出角度,输入轴的球形齿轮骨架采用粉末冶金3D打印技术制造,用以平衡球形齿轮质量,从而使球形齿轮旋转过程中离心力分布均匀。球形齿轮采用分段齿,在保证与输出轴伞齿轮啮合模数不变的情况下,通过球形齿轮上的过渡区域改变球形齿轮齿数,避免输出轴伞齿轮在过渡区域啮合时产生磨损,在壳体的观察口标明了传动区和过渡区位置以及输出轴的角度。(The invention discloses a spherical gear reducer, which is applicable to the field of mechanical transmission. Including input device, a plurality of output device, casing, input device and a plurality of output device meshes in the casing, input device and a plurality of output device runs through the casing respectively, and is a plurality of output device with casing sliding connection, the reduction gear can change the contained angle of output shaft and input shaft at any time in the transmission process, and the convenient output angle of in time adjusting, the ball gear skeleton of input shaft adopts powder metallurgy 3D printing technique to make for balanced ball gear quality to make ball gear rotatory in-process centrifugal force evenly distributed. The spherical gear adopts segmented teeth, under the condition that the meshing modulus of the spherical gear and the output shaft bevel gear is not changed, the tooth number of the spherical gear is changed through the transition region on the spherical gear, the output shaft bevel gear is prevented from being abraded when the output shaft bevel gear is meshed in the transition region, and the positions of a transmission region and the transition region and the angle of the output shaft are marked at the observation port of the shell.)

1. A spherical gear reducer is characterized in that: the device comprises a shell (3), wherein an input device and an output device which are meshed with each other are arranged in the shell (3), the input device and the output device respectively penetrate through the shell, and the output device is connected with the shell (3) in a sliding manner;

the input device comprises two groups of input shaft bearing groups (2), the two groups of input shaft bearing groups (2) are respectively and fixedly connected with two ends of the shell (3), an input shaft (1) penetrates between the two groups of input shaft bearing groups (2), the input shaft bearing groups (2) are fixedly connected with the input shaft (1), a spherical gear (7) penetrates through the input shaft (1) between the two groups of input shaft bearing groups (2), and the input shaft (1) is in key connection with the spherical gear (7);

the output device comprises an output shaft (4), a bevel gear (10) is arranged at the end part of the output shaft (4), an internal bearing group (5) and an external bearing seat (8) are respectively arranged at the middle section of the output shaft (4), wherein the bevel gear (10) is in matched meshing with the spherical gear (7), and the bevel gear (10) can drive the output shaft (4) to slide along the outer arc line of the spherical gear (7) while being in matched meshing with the spherical gear (7), so that the angle between the output shaft (4) and the input shaft (1) is changed; the output shaft (4) extends out through an opening in the shell (3), the built-in bearing group (5) is located inside the shell (3), and the built-out bearing group (8) is located outside the shell (3).

2. The spherical gear reducer according to claim 1, wherein: the opening both ends on casing (3) are equipped with mated curling spring (6) respectively, slip gasket (9) both ends link to each other with two sets of curling spring (6) of fixing on the casing respectively, slip gasket (9) both ends are drawn into or are rolled up out curling spring (6) along with the rotation of output shaft, slip gasket (9) are rubber or can curl the thin steel sheet, the trompil is the same with the section of stretching out of output shaft (4) middle shaft section on slip gasket (9), output shaft (4) stretch out slip gasket (9), slip gasket (9) and casing (3) sliding connection, be in still sealing in order to guarantee output shaft (4) removal back casing (3) inside.

3. The spherical gear reducer according to claim 1, wherein: the internal bearing group (5) and the external bearing group (8) are respectively provided with a pulley block which is used for driving the output shaft (4) to change the position and the angle in the shell (3) when the bevel gear (10) slides along the outer arc line of the spherical gear (7).

4. The spherical gear reducer of claim 3, wherein: an auxiliary plate (31) is fixedly connected to the outer portion of the shell (3), an external bearing set slide way (32) is fixedly arranged on the auxiliary plate (31), the external bearing set slide way (32) is in sliding connection with an upper pulley set of the external bearing set (5), a built-in bearing set slide way (33) is arranged inside the shell (3), and the built-in bearing set slide way (33) is in sliding connection with a pulley set on the built-in bearing set (8).

5. The spherical gear reducer according to claim 1, wherein: the spherical gear (7) comprises a shaft barrel (71) fixed on the input shaft (1), a gear ring (73) with a spherical cambered surface is arranged on the outer side of the shaft barrel (71), and a framework (72) connected and fixed is arranged between the shaft barrel (71) and the gear ring (73); the framework (72) is formed by printing on the shaft barrel (71) by adopting a powder metallurgy 3D printing technology, and the framework (72) and the gear ring (73) are fixed by adopting bolts or welding, so that the weight of the spherical gear (7) is reduced, and the centrifugal force in the rotating process is reduced.

6. The spherical gear reducer of claim 5, wherein: the gear ring (73) is of a segmented tooth structure, the gear ring (73) comprises transmission areas (731) and transition areas (732) which are arranged at intervals, the transmission areas (731) are meshed with the bevel gears (10), the transmission areas (731) enable the diameters of gear rings of the transmission areas (731) to be increased and decreased through the transition areas (732) so as to form a spherical gear structure, the tooth number of the transmission areas (731) is changed through the structure of the transition areas (732) of the gear ring (73), and the tooth number of each transmission area (731) is different from that of the adjacent transmission area (731); a transparent observation port is arranged on the shell (3), angle scales of the output shaft (4), the positions of the transmission area (731) and the transition area (732) are marked on the observation port, and the size of the observation port is not smaller than the rotation range of the output shaft (4).

7. The spherical gear reducer according to claim 1, wherein: the output shaft (4) slides on the spherical gear (7) to form an included angle of 0-45 degrees with the input shaft (1).

8. The spherical gear reducer according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the output devices arranged in the shell (3) is 1-6.

9. The spherical gear reducer according to claim 1, wherein: the output means may be arranged in a number of ways: the bidirectional output device comprises a reverse single-side output shaft structure, a forward single-side output shaft structure, a reverse multi-side output shaft structure, a forward multi-side output shaft structure, a different multi-side output shaft structure, a single-side bidirectional output shaft structure and a multi-side bidirectional output structure;

the positive one-side output shaft structure is that the direction of the output shaft is the same as that of the input device;

the reverse single-side output shaft structure is that the direction of an output shaft is opposite to that of an input device;

the reverse multi-side output shaft structure comprises two groups of output devices, output shafts of the two groups of output devices are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side or the left side and the right side of the spherical gear (7), and the output shafts of the two groups of output devices and the input device are arranged in opposite directions;

the positive multi-side output shaft structure comprises two groups of output devices, output shafts of the two groups of output devices are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side or the left side and the right side of the spherical gear (7), and the output shafts of the two groups of output devices and the input device are arranged in the same direction;

the output shaft of one group of output devices has the same direction with the input device, and the output shaft of the other group of output devices has the opposite direction with the input device;

the unilateral bidirectional output shaft structure comprises two groups of output devices, output shafts of the two groups of output devices are arranged on one side of the spherical gear (7) and are arranged oppositely, the direction of the output shaft of one group of output devices is the same as that of the input device, and the direction of the output shaft of the other group of output devices is opposite to that of the input device;

the multi-side bidirectional output structure comprises four groups of output devices, output shafts of two groups of output devices are arranged on the upper side of the spherical gear (7) and are arranged oppositely, output shafts of the other two groups of output devices are arranged on the lower side of the spherical gear (7) and are arranged oppositely, the directions of the output shafts of the two groups of output devices and the input device are the same, and the directions of the output shafts of the other two groups of output devices and the input device are opposite;

the multi-side bidirectional output structure also comprises six groups of output devices, wherein output shafts of the three groups of output devices are distributed at included angles of 120 degrees at intervals and are arranged in the same direction as the input shaft, and output shafts of the other three groups of output devices are distributed at included angles of 120 degrees at intervals and are arranged in the opposite direction to the input shaft.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a gear reducer, in particular to a spherical gear reducer which is suitable for the field of mechanical transmission.

Background

The reduction gear serves to match the rotational speed and the torque transmission between the prime mover and the working machine or the actuator, and is used in modern machines in a very wide range of applications. When the existing spherical gear transmission device or the spherical gear reducer is used, the change angle of the output shaft is small when the angle or the direction of the output shaft is changed, and the change of a large angle is difficult.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the technology, the spherical gear reducer is simple in structure, convenient to use and capable of changing the angle of the output shaft of the reducer and the transfer case in the transmission process conveniently and quickly.

In order to achieve the purpose, the spherical gear reducer comprises a shell, wherein an input device and an output device which are meshed with each other are arranged in the shell, the input device and the output device respectively penetrate through the shell, and the output device is connected with the shell in a sliding manner;

the input device comprises two input shaft bearing groups, the two input shaft bearing groups are respectively and fixedly connected with two ends of the shell, an input shaft penetrates between the two input shaft bearing groups, the input shaft bearing groups are fixedly connected with the input shaft, a spherical gear penetrates on the input shaft between the two input shaft bearing groups, and the input shaft is in key connection with the spherical gear;

the output device comprises an output shaft, a bevel gear is arranged at the end part of the output shaft, an internal bearing group and an external bearing seat are respectively arranged in the middle section of the output shaft, the bevel gear is in matched meshing with the spherical gear, and the bevel gear can be in matched meshing with the spherical gear and simultaneously drive the output shaft to slide along the outer arc line of the spherical gear, so that the angle between the output shaft and the input shaft is changed; the output shaft extends out through the opening on the casing, and built-in bearing group is located inside the casing, and external bearing group is located the casing outside.

The two ends of an opening in the shell are respectively provided with paired curling springs, the two ends of the sliding sealing piece are respectively connected with two groups of curling springs fixed on the shell, the two ends of the sliding sealing piece are rolled into or rolled out of the curling springs along with the rotation of the output shaft, the sliding sealing piece is rubber or a curled thin steel sheet, an opening in the sliding sealing piece is the same as the extending section of the middle shaft section of the output shaft, the output shaft extends out of the sliding sealing piece, and the sliding sealing piece is in sliding connection with the shell and used for ensuring that the inside of the shell is.

Furthermore, the built-in bearing group and the external bearing group are respectively provided with a pulley block, and the pulley blocks are used for driving the output shaft to change the position and the angle in the shell when the matched bevel gears slide along the outer arc line of the spherical gear.

Further, the outside fixedly connected with of casing assists the board, assists the fixed external bearing group slide that is provided with on the board, external bearing group slide and external bearing group pulley block sliding connection, and the casing is inside to be provided with built-in bearing group slide, built-in bearing group slide and the assembly pulley sliding connection on the built-in bearing group.

Further, the spherical gear comprises a shaft cylinder fixed on the input shaft, a gear ring with a spherical cambered surface is arranged on the outer side of the shaft cylinder, and a framework connected and fixed is arranged between the shaft cylinder and the gear ring; wherein the skeleton adopts powder metallurgy 3D printing technique to print the constitution on the beam barrel, and skeleton and ring gear adopt bolt or welded fastening to reduce the weight of spherical gear itself, reduce the centrifugal force in the rotatory process.

Furthermore, the gear ring is of a segmented gear structure, the gear ring comprises transmission areas and transition areas which are arranged at intervals, the transmission areas are meshed with the bevel gears, the diameters of the gear rings in the transmission areas are increased and decreased through the transition areas in the transmission areas, so that a spherical gear structure is formed, the gear rings change the number of teeth in the transmission areas by utilizing the structure of the transition areas, and the number of teeth in each transmission area is different from the number of teeth in the adjacent transmission areas; the shell is provided with a transparent observation port, the observation port is marked with angle scales of the output shaft, a transmission area and a transition area, and the size of the observation port is not smaller than the rotation range of the output shaft.

Furthermore, the included angle between the output shaft and the input shaft through sliding on the spherical gear ranges from 0 degree to 45 degrees.

Further, the number of the output devices arranged in the shell is 1-6.

Further, the output means may be arranged in a number of ways: the bidirectional output device comprises a reverse single-side output shaft structure, a forward single-side output shaft structure, a reverse multi-side output shaft structure, a forward multi-side output shaft structure, a different multi-side output shaft structure, a single-side bidirectional output shaft structure and a multi-side bidirectional output structure;

the positive one-side output shaft structure is that the direction of the output shaft is the same as that of the input device;

the reverse single-side output shaft structure is that the direction of an output shaft is opposite to that of an input device;

the reverse multi-side output shaft structure comprises two groups of output devices, output shafts of the two groups of output devices are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side or the left side and the right side of the spherical gear, and the output shafts of the two groups of output devices and the input devices are arranged in opposite directions;

the positive multi-side output shaft structure comprises two groups of output devices, output shafts of the two groups of output devices are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side or the left side and the right side of the spherical gear, and the output shafts of the two groups of output devices and the input devices are arranged in the same direction;

the output shaft of one group of output devices has the same direction with the input device, and the output shaft of the other group of output devices has the opposite direction with the input device;

the unilateral bidirectional output shaft structure comprises two groups of output devices, output shafts of the two groups of output devices are arranged on one side of the spherical gear and are arranged oppositely, the direction of the output shaft of one group of output devices is the same as that of the input device, and the direction of the output shaft of the other group of output devices is opposite to that of the input device;

the multi-side bidirectional output structure comprises four groups of output devices, output shafts of two groups of output devices are arranged on the upper side of the spherical gear and are oppositely arranged, output shafts of two groups of output devices are arranged on the lower side of the spherical gear and are oppositely arranged, the directions of the output shafts of two groups of output devices and the input device are the same, and the directions of the output shafts of the other two groups of output devices and the input device are opposite;

the multi-side bidirectional output structure also comprises six groups of output devices, wherein output shafts of the three groups of output devices are distributed at included angles of 120 degrees at intervals and are arranged in the same direction as the input shaft, and output shafts of the other three groups of output devices are distributed at included angles of 120 degrees at intervals and are arranged in the opposite direction to the input shaft.

Has the advantages that: the speed reducer can change the included angle between the output shaft and the input shaft at any time in the transmission process, and can conveniently and timely adjust the output angle. The spherical gear framework of the input shaft is manufactured by adopting a powder metallurgy 3D printing technology, so that the quality of the spherical gear can be balanced, and the problem of uneven distribution of centrifugal force in the rotating process of the spherical gear is solved. Meanwhile, the spherical gear adopts segmented teeth, under the condition that the meshing modulus of the spherical gear and the output shaft bevel gear is not changed, the tooth number of the spherical gear is changed through a transition area on the spherical gear, and in order to avoid abrasion caused by meshing of the output shaft bevel gear in the transition area, the positions of a transmission area and the transition area and the angle of the output shaft are marked at an observation port of the shell.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a reverse single-side output spherical gear reducer of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an output device according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the housing of the present invention;

FIG. 4(a) is a schematic sectional view of a spherical gear in the present invention;

FIG. 4(b) is a schematic structural view of a spherical gear in the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a spherical gear tooth surface in the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a positive single-sided output spherical gear reducer of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a reverse multiple-side output spherical gear reducer of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a positive multi-side output spherical gear reducer of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a spherical gear reducer with multi-directional and multi-side output according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a single-sided, bi-directional output spherical gear reducer of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a multi-sided, bi-directional output spherical gear reducer of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic view of the shaft distribution of the six-set output shaft configuration of the inventive face gear reducer.

In the figure: 1-input shaft, 2-input shaft bearing set 3-shell, 31-auxiliary plate, 32-external bearing set slideway, 33-internal bearing set slideway, 4-output shaft, 5-internal bearing set, 6-coiled spring, 7-spherical gear, 71-shaft cylinder, 72-framework, 73-gear ring, 731-transmission area, 732-transition area, 8-external bearing set, 9-sliding sealing sheet and 10-bevel gear.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the spherical gear reducer of the present invention comprises a housing 3, wherein an input device and an output device are arranged in the housing 3, wherein the input device and the output device are engaged with each other, the input device and the output device respectively penetrate through the housing, and the output device is connected with the housing 3 in a sliding manner;

as shown in fig. 2, the input device includes two input shaft bearing sets 2, the two input shaft bearing sets 2 are respectively and fixedly connected with two ends of the housing 3, an input shaft 1 penetrates between the two input shaft bearing sets 2, the input shaft bearing set 2 is fixedly connected with the input shaft 1, a spherical gear 7 penetrates on the input shaft 1 between the two input shaft bearing sets 2, and the input shaft 1 is in key connection with the spherical gear 7; the spherical gear 7 comprises a shaft cylinder 71 fixed on the input shaft 1, a gear ring 73 with a spherical cambered surface is arranged on the outer side of the shaft cylinder 71, and a framework 72 connected and fixed is arranged between the shaft cylinder 71 and the gear ring 73; the framework 72 is formed by printing on the shaft barrel 71 by adopting a powder metallurgy 3D printing technology, and the framework 72 and the gear ring 73 are fixed by adopting bolts or welding, so that the weight of the spherical gear 7 is reduced, and the centrifugal force in the rotating process is reduced; the gear ring 73 is of a segmented gear structure, the gear ring 73 comprises transmission areas 731 and transition areas 732 which are arranged at intervals, the transmission areas 731 are meshed with the bevel gears 10, the transmission areas 731 enable the diameters of the gear rings of the plurality of transmission areas 731 to be increased and decreased through the transition areas 732 so as to form a spherical gear structure, the gear ring 73 changes the number of teeth of the transmission areas 731 by utilizing the structure of the transition areas 732, and the number of teeth of each transmission area 731 is different from that of the adjacent transmission area 731; the shell 3 is provided with a transparent observation port, the observation port is marked with angle scales of the output shaft 4 and the positions of the transmission area 731 and the transition area 732, the size of the observation port is not smaller than the rotation range of the output shaft 4, and the range of an included angle between the output shaft 4 and the input shaft 1 through sliding on the spherical gear 7 is 0-45 degrees.

As shown in fig. 4(a), 4(b) and 5, the output device includes an output shaft 4, an end of the output shaft 4 is provided with a bevel gear 10, a middle section of the output shaft 4 is respectively provided with an internal bearing set 5 and an external bearing seat 8, wherein the bevel gear 10 is in matching engagement with the spherical gear 7, and the bevel gear 10 can drive the output shaft 4 to slide along an outer arc line of the spherical gear 7 while being in matching engagement with the spherical gear 7, so as to change an angle between the output shaft 4 and the input shaft 1; the output shaft 4 extends out through an opening on the shell 3, the internal bearing group 5 is positioned inside the shell 3, and the external bearing group 8 is positioned outside the shell 3; the internal bearing group 5 and the external bearing group 8 are respectively provided with a pulley block which is used for driving the output shaft 4 to change the position and the angle in the shell 3 when the matched bevel gear 10 slides along the outer arc line of the spherical gear 7.

As shown in fig. 3, two ends of an opening on the housing 3 are respectively provided with a pair of curling springs 6, two ends of a sliding sealing piece 9 are respectively connected with two groups of curling springs 6 fixed on the housing, two ends of the sliding sealing piece 9 are rolled into or out of the curling springs 6 along with the rotation of the output shaft, the sliding sealing piece 9 is rubber or a curled thin steel sheet, an opening on the sliding sealing piece 9 is the same as the extending section of the middle shaft section of the output shaft 4, the output shaft 4 extends out of the sliding sealing piece 9, and the sliding sealing piece 9 is in sliding connection with the housing 3 to ensure that the inside of the housing 3 is still sealed after the. The outside fixedly connected with of casing 3 assists board 31, assists the fixed external bearing group slide 32 that is provided with on board 31, external bearing group slide 32 and external bearing group 5 upper pulley block sliding connection, the inside built-in bearing group slide 33 that is provided with of casing 3, built-in bearing group slide 33 and the assembly pulley sliding connection on the built-in bearing group 8.

As shown in fig. 6 to 12, the number of output devices disposed in the housing 3 is 1 to 6, specifically: the output means may be arranged in a number of ways: the bidirectional output device comprises a reverse single-side output shaft structure, a forward single-side output shaft structure, a reverse multi-side output shaft structure, a forward multi-side output shaft structure, a different multi-side output shaft structure, a single-side bidirectional output shaft structure and a multi-side bidirectional output structure;

the positive one-side output shaft structure is that the direction of the output shaft is the same as that of the input device;

the reverse single-side output shaft structure is that the direction of an output shaft is opposite to that of an input device;

the reverse multi-side output shaft structure comprises two groups of output devices, output shafts of the two groups of output devices are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side or the left side and the right side of the spherical gear 7, and the output shafts of the two groups of output devices and the input devices are arranged in opposite directions;

the positive multi-side output shaft structure comprises two groups of output devices, output shafts of the two groups of output devices are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side or the left side and the right side of the spherical gear 7, and the output shafts of the two groups of output devices are arranged in the same direction as the input devices;

the output shaft of one group of output devices has the same direction with the input device, and the output shaft of the other group of output devices has the opposite direction with the input device;

the unilateral bidirectional output shaft structure comprises two groups of output devices, output shafts of the two groups of output devices are arranged on the upper side of the spherical gear 7 and are arranged oppositely, the direction of the output shaft of one group of output devices is the same as that of the input device, and the direction of the output shaft of the other group of output devices is opposite to that of the input device;

the multi-side bidirectional output structure comprises four groups of output devices, output shafts of two groups of output devices are arranged on the upper side of the spherical gear 7 and are oppositely arranged, output shafts of two groups of output devices are arranged on the lower side of the spherical gear 7 and are oppositely arranged, the directions of the output shafts of the two groups of output devices and the input device are the same, and the directions of the output shafts of the other two groups of output devices and the input device are opposite;

the multi-side bidirectional output structure also comprises six groups of output devices, wherein output shafts of the three groups of output devices are distributed at included angles of 120 degrees at intervals and are arranged in the same direction as the input shaft, and output shafts of the other three groups of output devices are distributed at included angles of 120 degrees at intervals and are arranged in the opposite direction to the input shaft.