阅读说明：本技术 减少聚氨酯泡沫中醛排放的方法 (Method for reducing aldehyde emissions in polyurethane foams ) 是由 唐铮铭 陈洪亮 邹健 冯少光 张德刚 张萍 于 2018-08-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：聚氨酯泡沫通过固化含有以下的反应混合物制造：芳香族多异氰酸酯、至少一种平均官能度为至少2并且每个异氰酸酯反应性基团的当量为至少200的异氰酸酯反应性材料、至少一种发泡剂、至少一种表面活性剂、至少一种催化剂和某些抑制醛的添加剂。如此生产的泡沫排放低水平的甲醛、乙醛和丙醛。(Polyurethane foams are made by curing a reaction mixture containing: an aromatic polyisocyanate, at least one isocyanate-reactive material having an average functionality of at least 2 and an equivalent weight per isocyanate-reactive group of at least 200, at least one blowing agent, at least one surfactant, at least one catalyst and certain aldehyde-inhibiting additives. The foam so produced emits low levels of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and propionaldehyde.)

1. A process for producing a polyurethane foam comprising forming a reaction mixture comprising: an aromatic polyisocyanate, at least one isocyanate-reactive material having an average functionality of at least 2 and an equivalent weight per isocyanate-reactive group of at least 200, at least one blowing agent, at least one surfactant, and at least one catalyst, and curing the reaction mixture in the presence of (I) at least one hindered amine represented by structure I:

wherein Y is hydrogen, alkyl or → O, R¹And R³Each independently is alkyl, alkyl substituted with aryl, or aryl substituted with alkyl; r²And R⁴Each independently is hydrogen, alkyl substituted with aryl, or aryl substituted with alkyl; m is at least 1, preferably 1 or 2, when m is 1, A is H, -OH, -NH₂Alkyl or a bond, and when m is 2 or greater, A is a bond or a linking group, and Z is-CH₂-or a chemical bond, said structure II being

Wherein R is⁶And R⁷Independently is hydrogen, alkyl substituted by aryl, aryl or aryl substituted by alkyl, and R⁸Comprises the following steps:

wherein R is⁹、R¹⁰And R¹¹Each independently hydrogen, alkyl substituted by aryl, aryl or aryl substituted by alkyl, with the proviso that R⁹And R¹⁰And/or R¹⁰And R¹¹A loop can be formed.

2. A method for reducing aldehyde emissions of a polyurethane foam, comprising: a) combining (I) at least one hindered amine represented by structure I and II) at least one compound represented by structure II with at least one isocyanate-reactive material having an average functionality of at least 2 and an equivalent weight per isocyanate-reactive group of at least 200 to form a mixture, the structure I being

Wherein Y is hydrogen, alkyl or → O, R¹And R³Each independently is alkyl, alkyl substituted with aryl, or aryl substituted with alkyl; r²And R⁴Each independently is hydrogen, alkyl substituted with aryl, or aryl substituted with alkyl; m is at least 1, preferably 1 or 2, when m is 1, A is H, -OH, -NH₂Alkyl or a bond, and when m is 2 or greater, A is a bond or a linking group, and Z is-CH₂-or a chemical bond, said structure II being

Wherein R is⁶And R⁷Independently is hydrogen, alkyl substituted by aryl, aryl or aryl substituted by alkyl, and R⁸Comprises the following steps:

wherein R is⁹、R¹⁰And R¹¹Each independently hydrogen, alkyl substituted by aryl, aryl or aryl substituted by alkyl, with the proviso that R⁹And R¹⁰And/or R¹⁰And R¹¹A loop can be formed.

And then b) combining the mixture from step a) with at least one organic polyisocyanate and curing the resulting combination in the presence of at least one blowing agent, at least one surfactant and at least one catalyst to form a polyurethane foam.

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein R¹、R²、R³And R⁴Each independently is a C1-C4 alkyl group.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein m is 1 and A is hydrogen, hydroxy, -NH₂Or an alkyl group.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein m is 2 or greater, and a is-O-; -NH-; an alkylene group; an arylene group; alkylene substituted with aryl; alkylene substituted with aryl; -NH-C (O) - (CH)₂)_o-C (O) -NH-wherein 0 is 1 to 20; or-O-C (O) - (CH)₂)_o-C (O) -O-wherein O is 1 to 20.

6. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the compound of structure I is selected from one or more compounds represented by any one of structures III to XII:

7. the method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein R⁶Is C1-C4 alkyl and R⁷Is hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl.

8. The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the compound of structure II is a compound represented by any one of structures XIII to XVIII:

9. the method of any preceding claim, wherein the compound represented by structure I is present in an amount of 0.02 to 0.25 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of at least one isocyanate-reactive compound having at least two isocyanate-reactive groups per molecule and an equivalent weight per isocyanate-reactive group of at least 200.

10. The method of any preceding claim, wherein the compound represented by structure II is present in an amount of 0.02 to 0.25 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of at least one isocyanate-reactive compound having at least two isocyanate-reactive groups per molecule and an equivalent weight per isocyanate-reactive group of at least 200.

11. The method of any preceding claim, wherein the reaction mixture is cured in the presence of an antioxidant.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the antioxidant is a phenolic compound.

13. The method of claim 11 or 12, wherein the antioxidant is present in an amount of 0.2 to 1.5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of at least one isocyanate-reactive compound having at least two isocyanate-reactive groups per molecule and an equivalent weight per isocyanate-reactive group of at least 200.

14. A polyurethane foam made according to the method of any one of claims 1-13.