阅读说明：本技术 一种鱼油连续精炼方法，及其使用的离心设备 (Continuous refining method of fish oil and centrifugal equipment used by same ) 是由 陈加成 张蕉南 江洲 胡兵 杨欢 林宜锦 王云才 李昌辉 陈庆堂 于 2020-12-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于水产饲料技术领域,尤其涉及一种鱼油连续精炼方法,及其使用的离心设备。本发明提供一种鱼油连续精炼方法,及其使用的离心设备,其能通过使用离心出料量可测型离心机,并将碱液分批次加入的方式,达到皂脚碱炼分离去除彻底且碱液不易过量的目的。本发明具有离心出料皂脚的量方便监测,可以指导碱液的添加量,碱液分批次加入,不易过量,皂脚也能提高去除率,以及离心出料量可测型离心机自身的皂脚量显示结构合理有效,观测显示使用方便快捷,可以多批次鱼油连续离心使用,逐次记录皂脚离心产生量,离心机整体使用高效稳定的优点。(The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic feeds, and particularly relates to a continuous refining method of fish oil and centrifugal equipment used by the method. The invention provides a continuous refining method of fish oil and a centrifugal device used by the method, which can achieve the purposes of thorough soapstock alkali refining separation and removal and difficult excessive alkali liquor by using a centrifugal machine with a measurable centrifugal discharge amount and adding alkali liquor in batches. The invention has the advantages that the quantity of the centrifugally discharged soapstock is convenient to monitor, the addition amount of the alkali liquor can be guided, the alkali liquor is added in batches and is not easy to be excessive, the removal rate of the soapstock can be improved, the soapstock quantity display structure of the centrifugal machine with the measurable centrifugally discharged quantity is reasonable and effective, the observation and display are convenient and quick to use, the centrifugal machine can be used for continuously centrifuging multiple batches of fish oil, the centrifugally generated quantity of the soapstock is recorded gradually, and the centrifugal machine is efficient and stable in overall use.)

1. A continuous refining method of fish oil sequentially comprises four steps of cleaning and filtering, alkali refining and soaping removing, filtering and decoloring and winterization and filtering, and is characterized in that the alkali refining and soaping removing step sequentially comprises the following operations: firstly, heating the cleaned fish oil to 80-95 ℃, adding a centrifuge, adding alkali liquor with the concentration of 15-25 Baume degrees while centrifuging, and finally completing centrifugal soaping for reducing the acid value of the fish oil.

2. The continuous refining method of fish oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the centrifuge is a centrifuge with measurable centrifugal discharge amount, the amount of alkali liquor is added in several times, and the amount of the alkali liquor added for the first time is 60-65% of the total amount of the alkali liquor required by calculation according to the initial acid value of the fish oil.

3. The continuous refining method of fish oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the alkali solution is sodium hydroxide solution or potassium hydroxide solution.

4. A centrifugal apparatus used in a continuous refining method of fish oil according to claim 1, comprising a centrifuge body (11), a centrifuge cover (12), a lye addition pipe (13) provided on the centrifuge cover (12), a centrifugal driving motor (14), a bottom plate (15), a support column (16), and a soapstock discharge pipe (17), characterized in that: still including taking soapstock volume to show bucket unit (1) is received to the soapstock, sets up intercommunication cavity unit (2) of soapstock receiving bucket unit (1) lateral surface lower extreme sets up soapstock receiving bucket unit (1) lateral surface upper end is used for connecting mounting bracket unit (3) of bottom plate (15) side insert the setting and are in on intercommunication cavity unit (2) and spiro union mounting bracket unit (3) are used for showing soapstock liquid level height take scale pipe unit (4), and the spiro union sets up take scale pipe unit (4) upper end and be used for cup jointing reinforcing ring unit (5) of soapstock delivery pipe (17).

5. The centrifugal apparatus for use in a continuous refining process of fish oil according to claim 4, wherein: the soapstock receiving barrel unit (1) comprises a circular barrel body (101) used for receiving soapstock falling from the soapstock discharge pipe (17), a vertical opening (102) formed downwards from the annular lower surface of the circular barrel body (101), an arc-shaped glass plate (103) arranged on the vertical opening (102) and provided with display scales and used for sealing the vertical opening (102), and a barrel body hole (104) arranged on the barrel body wall of the circular barrel body (101) and used for being externally butted with the communicated cavity unit (2).

6. The centrifugal apparatus for use in a continuous refining process of fish oil according to claim 5, wherein: the communicating cavity unit (2) comprises a cuboid block (201) which is arranged on the outer ring surface of the circular barrel body (101) and provided with an arc-shaped surface for connection, a block inner cavity (202) which is arranged in the cuboid block (201) and used for accommodating soapstock, a connecting hole (203) which is upwards formed from the block inner cavity (202) and used for being inserted into the barrel body unit (4) with scales, an inflow hole (204) which is formed from the block inner cavity (202) to the side edge and used for being butted with the barrel body hole (104), and a sealing ring (205) which is arranged on the connecting hole (203) and used for clamping the barrel body unit (4) with scales.

7. The centrifugal apparatus for use in a continuous refining process of fish oil according to claim 6, wherein: the mounting frame unit (3) comprises a radial plate (301) arranged at the upper end of the outer annular surface of the circular barrel body (101), a threaded plate (302) arranged at the end of the radial plate (301) and used for being fixed on the side surface of the bottom plate (15) in a threaded manner, and a plate body threaded hole (303) arranged on the radial plate (301) and vertically aligned with the connecting hole (203).

8. The centrifugal apparatus for use in a continuous refining process of fish oil according to claim 7, wherein: take graduated tube unit (4) to insert including the lower extreme sealing washer (205), the upper end is inserted vertical body (401) of plate body screw (303), follow vertical body (401) upper end sets up downwards and is used for the spiro union plate body screw (303) with body screw thread (402) of reinforcing ring unit (5) set up vertical notch (403) on vertical body (401) set up on vertical notch (403) and transparent and have scale arc (404) for the closure, and set up and be in on vertical body (401) and be higher than air vent (405) of vertical notch (403).

9. The centrifugal apparatus for use in a continuous refining process of fish oil according to claim 8, wherein: the graduated tube unit (4) further comprises a plurality of marking nuts (406) which are arranged on the tube body threads (402) in a threaded manner and used for marking the liquid level height of the soapstock after the centrifugation of the fish oil of the upper batch in a downward rotating manner.

10. The centrifugal apparatus for use in a continuous refining process of fish oil according to claim 8, wherein: the reinforcing ring unit (5) comprises a reinforcing suspension ring (501) sleeved on the soapstock discharge pipe (17) and a thread groove (502) which is inwards arranged from the outer ring surface of the reinforcing suspension ring (501) and is used for being inserted into the vertical pipe body (401) in a threaded manner.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic feeds, and particularly relates to a continuous refining method of fish oil and centrifugal equipment used by the method.

Background

The existing method for continuously refining the fish oil mainly comprises the steps of cleaning and filtering, alkali refining and soaping removal, filtering and decoloring and winterization and filtering in sequence, and finally the obtained liquid fish oil is the refined fish oil for producing aquatic feeds.

However, in the conventional refining method, at least the following problems are involved in the alkali refining and soap removal step: the existing centrifugal equipment can not observe the amount of the soapstock obtained by centrifugation in real time, so that the addition amount of the alkali liquor can not be guided according to the amount of the centrifugal soapstock, and finally the two problems that the alkali liquor is not added enough and the soapstock is not removed completely, or the alkali liquor is added excessively and the alkali liquor is changed into harmful impurities can be caused.

In view of the above, there is a great need in the market today for an improved centrifuge device in which the amount of discharged centrifuged material can be monitored in real time.

The Chinese patent with patent publication No. CN110655978A and publication No. 2020.01.07 discloses a refining process of fish oil, which comprises a filtering process, an alkali refining and degumming process, a water washing and separating process and a drying process; the process comprises the steps of alkali refining and degumming, wherein the alkali refining and degumming processes are carried out in a continuous conveying pipeline and a first centrifugal machine, alkali liquor is added into materials in the continuous conveying pipeline at a certain flow rate, the materials are conveyed and fully reacted while being conveyed, then the materials are conveyed to the first centrifugal machine to remove soap, degumming and impurities, and after the alkali refining and degumming are completed, the grease is continuously conveyed to a water washing separation process.

However, the fish oil refining process in the patent of the invention has the problems that the soap removing operation is not flexible enough and the separation amount of soapstock is inconvenient to measure in real time.

The patent publication number is CN211678267U, and the china utility model patent that bulletins day is 2020.10.16 discloses a centrifuge convenient to clearance, and it includes the base and sets up the centrifuge housing on the base, centrifuge housing opening sets up towards, be equipped with the rotary drum barrel in the centrifuge housing, just be equipped with the servo motor who is used for driving the rotary drum barrel rotation in the outside of centrifuge housing on the base, the open end lid of centrifuge housing has closed sealed lid, sealed lid passes through the hasp locking on centrifuge housing, sealed covering is connected with towards the internal oil pipe that advances that adds feed oil of rotary drum barrel.

But the centrifuge in the utility model patent has the inconvenient real-time supervision's of the material volume that centrifugal separation came out problem.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a continuous refining method of fish oil and a centrifugal device used by the method, which can achieve the purposes of thorough soapstock alkali refining separation and removal and difficult excessive alkali liquor by using a centrifugal machine with a measurable centrifugal discharge amount and adding alkali liquor in batches. The invention has the advantages that the quantity of the centrifugally discharged soapstock is convenient to monitor, the addition amount of the alkali liquor can be guided, the alkali liquor is added in batches and is not easy to be excessive, the removal rate of the soapstock can be improved, the soapstock quantity display structure of the centrifugal machine with the measurable centrifugally discharged quantity is reasonable and effective, the observation and display are convenient and quick to use, the centrifugal machine can be used for continuously centrifuging multiple batches of fish oil, the centrifugally generated quantity of the soapstock is recorded gradually, and the centrifugal machine is efficient and stable in overall use.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: the continuous refining method of the fish oil sequentially comprises four steps of cleaning and filtering, alkali refining and soaping-off, filtering and decoloring and winterizing and filtering, wherein the alkali refining and soaping-off step sequentially comprises the following operations: firstly, heating the cleaned fish oil to 80-95 ℃, adding a centrifuge, adding alkali liquor with the concentration of 15-25 Baume degrees while centrifuging, and finally completing centrifugal soaping for reducing the acid value of the fish oil.

The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: the centrifuge is a centrifuge with measurable centrifugal discharge amount, the amount of alkali liquor is added in several times, and the amount of the alkali liquor added for the first time is 60-65% of the total amount of the alkali liquor required by calculation according to the initial acid value of the fish oil.

The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: the alkali solution is sodium hydroxide solution or potassium hydroxide solution.

The centrifugal equipment comprises a centrifuge body, a centrifuge cover body, an alkali liquor adding pipe, a centrifugal driving motor, a bottom plate, a supporting column and a soapstock discharge pipe, and further comprises a soapstock receiving barrel unit with soapstock quantity display scales, a communication cavity unit arranged at the lower end of the outer side face of the soapstock receiving barrel unit is arranged at the upper end of the outer side face of the soapstock receiving barrel unit and used for being connected with an installation frame unit on the side face of the bottom plate, the installation frame unit is inserted into the communication cavity unit and screwed with the installation frame unit and used for displaying the height of the liquid level of the soapstock, and a reinforcing ring unit arranged at the upper end of the graduated tube unit and used for being sleeved with the soapstock discharge pipe is screwed with the graduated tube unit.

The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: the soapstock receiving barrel unit comprises a circular barrel body used for receiving soapstock falling from the soapstock discharging pipe, a vertical opening formed downwards from the annular lower surface of the circular barrel body, an arc-shaped glass plate arranged on the vertical opening and provided with display scales and used for sealing the vertical opening, and a barrel body hole arranged on the barrel body wall of the circular barrel body and used for being in butt joint with the communicating cavity unit outwards.

The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: the communicating cavity unit comprises a cuboid block, a block inner cavity, a connecting hole and a sealing ring, wherein the cuboid block is arranged on the outer ring surface of the circular barrel body and is provided with an arc-shaped surface for connection, the block inner cavity is arranged in the cuboid block and is used for accommodating soapstock, the connecting hole is upwards formed from the block inner cavity and is used for being inserted into the graduated tube unit, the inflow hole is formed from the block inner cavity to the side edge and is used for being butted with the barrel body hole, and the sealing ring is arranged on the connecting hole and is used for clamping the graduated tube unit.

The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: the mounting frame unit comprises a radial plate arranged at the upper end of the outer ring surface of the circular barrel body, a threaded plate arranged at the end of the radial plate and used for being fixed on the side surface of the bottom plate in a threaded manner, and a plate body screw hole arranged on the radial plate and vertically aligned with the connecting hole.

The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: take scale pipe unit to include that the lower extreme inserts sealing washer, upper end insert the vertical body of plate body screw follows vertical body upper end sets up downwards and is used for the spiro union the plate body screw with the body screw of reinforcing ring unit sets up vertical notch on the vertical body sets up on the vertical notch and transparent and have the scale seal and use the arc, and set up and be in just be higher than on the vertical body the air vent of vertical notch.

The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: the graduated tube unit further comprises a plurality of marking nuts which are arranged on the pipe body threads in a threaded manner and are used for marking the liquid level height of the soapstock after the centrifugation of the fish oil batch in a downward rotating manner.

The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: the reinforcing ring unit comprises a reinforcing suspension ring sleeved on the soapstock discharge pipe and a thread groove which is inwards formed from the outer ring surface of the reinforcing suspension ring and is used for being inserted into the vertical pipe body in a threaded manner.

The invention has the advantages that the quantity of the centrifugally discharged soapstock is convenient to monitor, the addition amount of the alkali liquor can be guided, the alkali liquor is added in batches and is not easy to be excessive, the removal rate of the soapstock can be improved, the soapstock quantity display structure of the centrifugal machine with the measurable centrifugally discharged quantity is reasonable and effective, the observation and display are convenient and quick to use, the centrifugal machine can be used for continuously centrifuging multiple batches of fish oil, the centrifugally generated quantity of the soapstock is recorded gradually, and the centrifugal machine is efficient and stable in overall use.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a centrifuge capable of measuring a centrifugal discharge amount according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the installation position of the soapstock receiving barrel unit according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a position structure of the communicating cavity unit according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a position structure of the mount unit according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the graduated tube unit of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the soapstock receiving barrel unit in a top view.

Detailed Description

The following description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example (b): as shown in attached figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, the continuous refining method of fish oil sequentially comprises four steps of cleaning and filtering, alkali refining and soaping, filtering and decoloring and winterizing and filtering, wherein the alkali refining and soaping step sequentially comprises the following operations: firstly, heating the cleaned fish oil to 80-95 ℃, adding a centrifuge, adding alkali liquor with the concentration of 15-25 Baume degrees while centrifuging, and finally completing centrifugal soaping for reducing the acid value of the fish oil.

In this embodiment, the heating temperature of 80-95 ℃ can ensure that the alkali solution reacts better with the free fatty acids, and all the free fatty acids as much as possible are converted into centrifugally separable soapstock, wherein the alkali solution is added in batches, and the centrifugal discharge amount of the soapstock is monitored in real time, for example, when the centrifugal discharge speed of the soapstock is set to be less than 20g/min, the addition of the alkali solution is stopped, so that it can be ensured that as much free fatty acids as possible are removed, and the alkali solution is not excessive, thereby ensuring the final soaping effect of the fish oil.

The centrifuge is a centrifuge with measurable centrifugal discharge amount, the amount of alkali liquor is added in several times, and the amount of the alkali liquor added for the first time is 60-65% of the total amount of the alkali liquor required by calculation according to the initial acid value of the fish oil. The alkali solution is sodium hydroxide solution or potassium hydroxide solution.

The centrifugal equipment comprises a centrifuge body 11, a centrifuge cover body 12, an alkali liquor adding pipe 13 arranged on the centrifuge cover body 12, a centrifugal driving motor 14, a bottom plate 15, a support column 16 and a soapstock discharge pipe 17, and further comprises a soapstock receiving barrel unit 1 with soapstock quantity display scales, a communication cavity unit 2 arranged at the lower end of the outer side face of the soapstock receiving barrel unit 1, an installation frame unit 3 arranged at the upper end of the outer side face of the soapstock receiving barrel unit 1 and used for being connected with the side face of the bottom plate 15, a graduated pipe unit 4 inserted into the communication cavity unit 2 and screwed with the installation frame unit 3 and used for displaying the liquid level of the soapstock, and a reinforcing ring unit 5 screwed with the upper end of the graduated pipe unit 4 and used for being sleeved with the soapstock discharge pipe 17.

In this embodiment, the above-mentioned centrifugal apparatus is the centrifuge of which the centrifugal discharge amount is measurable, wherein the centrifuge body 11, the centrifuge cover 12, the alkali liquor adding pipe 13, the centrifugal driving motor 14 and the soapstock discharge pipe 17 are used for ensuring the basic centrifugal effect, and the soapstock receiving bucket unit 1 is arranged below the soapstock discharge pipe 17 for receiving and displaying the discharge amount of the soapstock, roughly, the faster the discharge speed is, the more the addition amount of the alkali liquor is increased properly and the addition interval is decreased properly.

In addition, the communicating cavity unit 2 is additionally provided with a graduated tube unit 4 which is a second display monitoring position of the centrifugal soapstock amount, and as with the soapstock receiving barrel unit 1, the amount of the soapstock can be displayed and is finally used for guiding the adding speed and the adding amount of the alkali liquor, and as for the specific alkali liquor adding speed and the adding amount corresponding to the soapstock centrifugal amount, the actual centrifugal condition and the operation experience need to be matched.

Finally, the mounting frame unit 3 and the reinforcing ring unit 5 are used for ensuring that the soapstock receiving barrel unit 1 has relatively high supporting and fixing strength, so that the problem that the barrel body accidentally falls after a certain amount of fish oil is received is avoided.

The soapstock receiving barrel unit 1 comprises a circular barrel body 101 used for receiving soapstock falling from the soapstock discharging pipe 17, a vertical opening 102 formed downwards from the annular lower surface of the circular barrel body 101, an arc-shaped glass plate 103 arranged on the vertical opening 102 and provided with display scales and used for sealing the vertical opening 102, and a barrel body hole 104 arranged on the barrel body wall of the circular barrel body 101 and used for being in butt joint with the communicating cavity unit 2 outwards.

In this embodiment, arc glass plate 103 upper end with circular barrel 101 parallel and level, bond fixedly with glue all around, avoid the weeping, and barrel hole 104 then be used for with circular barrel 101 with intercommunication cavity unit 2 combination constitutes the linker, guarantees still have the display monitoring effect of second department's soapstock volume on taking scale tube unit 4, promptly the soapstock liquid level is in circular barrel 101, take scale tube unit 4 interior is the uniform height.

The communicating cavity unit 2 comprises a cuboid block 201 which is arranged on the outer ring surface of the circular barrel body 101 and is provided with an arc-shaped surface for connection, a block inner cavity 202 which is arranged in the cuboid block 201 and is used for accommodating soapstock, a connecting hole 203 which is arranged upwards from the block inner cavity 202 and is used for inserting the graduated tube unit 4, an inflow hole 204 which is arranged towards the side edge from the block inner cavity 202 and is used for butting the barrel body hole 104, and a sealing ring 205 which is arranged on the connecting hole 203 and is used for clamping the graduated tube unit 4.

In this embodiment, the arc surface of the rectangular parallelepiped block 201 is bonded and fixed to the outer annular surface of the circular barrel 101 to ensure the sealing performance, and the sealing ring 205 is used to ensure the connection sealing performance between the block inner cavity 202 and the graduated tube unit 4.

The mount unit 3 includes a radial plate 301 disposed at an upper end of an outer circumferential surface of the circular tub 101, a screw plate 302 disposed at an end of the radial plate 301 and adapted to be fixed to a side surface of the base plate 15 by screw, and a plate body screw hole 303 disposed on the radial plate 301 and vertically aligned with the connection hole 203.

In this embodiment, the graduated tube unit 4 has two functions, the first is to display the liquid level of soapstock, and the second is to install the reinforcing ring unit 5 on the radial plate 301, so that the installation strength of the circular barrel 101 is greater.

Graduated tube unit 4 includes that the lower extreme inserts sealing washer 205, upper end insert the vertical body 401 of plate body screw 303, follow vertical body 401 upper end sets up downwards and is used for the spiro union plate body screw 303 with the body screw 402 of reinforcing ring unit 5 sets up vertical notch 403 on the vertical body 401 sets up on the vertical notch 403 and transparent and have the sealed arc 404 of using of scale, and set up and be in just be higher than on the vertical body 401 the air vent 405 of vertical notch 403. The graduated tube unit 4 further comprises a plurality of marking nuts 406 which are screwed on the tube threads 402 and used for marking the liquid level height of the soapstock after the centrifugation of the fish oil of the previous batch in a downward rotating manner.

In this embodiment, the pipe threads 402 ensure that the vertical pipe 401 itself can be stably installed in the plate body screw hole 303, the upper end of the vertical pipe is not shaken, and the radial plate 301 and the reinforcing ring unit 5 are installed together to ensure that the reinforcing ring unit 5 can share a part of the weight of the circular barrel body 101.

The structure of vertical notch 403 plus arc 404 for sealing is the same as the structure of vertical opening 102 plus arc glass plate 103, and it is transparent to ensure that people can see the liquid level of nigre in vertical pipe 401 through arc 404 for sealing, and in this embodiment, the nigre is heated to present sufficient fluidity, so that the liquid level can be observed in vertical pipe 401 through the principle of a communicating vessel.

In addition, body screw thread 402 is not arranged at the lower end of vertical body 401, so that vertical body 401 can be tightly attached to sealing ring 205, and vent hole 405 is used for supplementing the ventilation effect at the upper end of vertical body 401, thereby avoiding the upper end of vertical body 401 being sealed, otherwise, the communicating vessel principle is not applicable.

Finally, the number of the marked nuts 406 is 3-8, the upper end edge of the nut is marked by a colored line, after the first batch of fish oil is centrifuged, the lowermost marking nut 406 is rotated downward until the upper edge is equal to the liquid level of the closing arc 404, thus, when the second batch of fish oil is centrifuged again, the height can be calculated and monitored upwards, the trouble that an operator needs to take a pen to record the height of the liquid level of the upper batch is avoided, and then the height of the liquid level of the soapstock generated by centrifuging the second batch of fish oil is marked and displayed by a last-to-last nut from top to bottom, and the rest is analogized in sequence until the liquid level of the soapstock in the circular barrel body 101 or the vertical pipe body 401 is higher than the scale of the uppermost part, so that the circular barrel body 101 can be centrifuged by using multiple batches of fish oil, and the soapstock is not required to be poured out and reset for reuse every time.

The reinforcing ring unit 5 includes a reinforcing hanging ring 501 fitted around the nigre discharge pipe 17, and a thread groove 502 formed inward from an outer circumferential surface of the reinforcing hanging ring 501 and adapted to be threadedly inserted into the vertical pipe body 401.

In this embodiment, the reinforcing suspension ring 501 is sleeved with the nigre discharge pipe 17, and the vertical pipe body 401 is screwed with the thread groove 502 upward, so that the radial plate 301 and the reinforcing suspension ring 501 can form a whole for reinforcing the circular barrel 101 together.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention. These are non-inventive modifications, which are intended to be protected by patent laws within the scope of the claims appended hereto.