阅读说明：本技术 一种利用黄金尾矿制备环保陶瓷清水砖的方法 (Method for preparing environment-friendly ceramic ganged brick by using gold tailings ) 是由 吴建锋 吴昌虎 徐晓虹 于 2021-07-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种利用黄金尾矿制备环保陶瓷清水砖的方法,制备所述清水砖的各原料所占质量百分数为：黄金尾矿粉60～80％,页岩粉10～20％,莱阳土粉5～10％,石英粉0～15％、高温熔剂粉15％；制备施釉釉料的各原料所占质量百分数为：熔块90％和苏州土10％。本发明制备陶瓷清水砖所添加的黄金尾矿量高,拓宽了黄金尾矿使用价值,有效解决黄金尾矿带来的环境污染问题；陶瓷清水砖墙面装饰效果好、产品性能有,其吸水率约0.1％,抗折强度为60～75MPa。(A method for preparing an environment-friendly ceramic ganged brick by using gold tailings comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 60-80% of gold tailing powder, 10-20% of shale powder, 5-10% of Laiyang soil powder, 0-15% of quartz powder and 15% of high-temperature flux powder; the glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 90% of clinker and 10% of Suzhou soil. The quantity of the gold tailings added in the preparation of the ceramic ganged brick is high, the use value of the gold tailings is widened, and the problem of environmental pollution caused by the gold tailings is effectively solved; the ceramic brick wall has good decoration effect and good product performance, the water absorption rate is about 0.1 percent, and the breaking strength is 60-75 MPa.)

1. The environment-friendly ceramic ganged brick prepared from gold tailings is characterized in that the ganged brick is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 60-80% of gold tailing powder, 10-20% of shale powder, 5-10% of Laiyang soil powder, 0-15% of quartz powder and 15% of high-temperature flux powder; the glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 90% of clinker and 10% of Suzhou soil.

2. The method for preparing the environment-friendly ceramic ganged brick by using the gold tailings as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gold tailings comprise the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO 2₂ 60～64％，Al₂O₃16～20％，Fe₂O₃ 1～3％，TiO₂ 0～1％，CaO 1～3％，MgO 0～3％，K₂O 5～7％，Na₂O 2～3％。

3. The method for preparing environment-friendly ceramic ganged brick by using gold tailings as claimed in claim 1, wherein the frit comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO 2₂ 57～64％，Al₂O₃ 6～10％，CaO 8～14％，MgO 1～4％，K₂O 2～5％，Na₂O 0～1％，ZnO 6～14％，TiO₂ 0～0.05％，Fe₂O₃ 0～0.1％，ZrO₂ 0～5％，BaO 0～1％。

4. A method of making a ceramic ganged brick as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:

(1) raw material treatment: respectively ball-milling the gold tailings, the shale, the Laiyang soil, the quartz, the high-temperature flux, the frit and the Suzhou soil for 4-8 hours by using a ball mill, and sieving by using a 200-250-mesh sieve to obtain corresponding powder for later use;

(2) mixing raw materials: weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, and uniformly mixing the raw materials by using a ball mill to obtain a mixture;

(3) spray granulation: putting the mixed raw materials into a spray granulator, and adding water accounting for 5-10% of the mass of the raw materials during granulation;

(4) and (3) staling: sealing and aging the raw materials subjected to spray granulation for 24 hours at normal temperature;

(5) preparing a green body: placing the aged mixture into a mold, pressing by using a press machine, wherein the pressure of the press machine is 30-40 kN, and then maintaining the pressure for 30s to obtain a ceramic ganged brick green body;

(6) drying and glazing: drying the ceramic ganged brick green body in a drying oven at 80-100 ℃ for 20-24 h, uniformly mixing the fusion cake and Suzhou soil according to the proportion, making glaze, and glazing the ceramic ganged brick green body to obtain a green body;

(7) and (3) firing: and (3) putting the glazed green body into a tunnel kiln or a shuttle kiln for firing, and firing at 1100-1120 ℃ for 7-8 h.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the high temperature flux is one of potash feldspar or albite, or any mixture of the two.

6. The method for preparing ceramic ganged brick as claimed in claim 4, wherein the firing temperature in step (7) is raised at 5 ℃/min and the temperature is maintained at the highest temperature for 15 min.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic ganged brick preparation, in particular to a method for preparing an environment-friendly ceramic ganged brick by using gold tailings.

Background

The gold tailings are fine solid wastes discarded after crushing, grinding, sorting and extracting gold-containing ores. China is a big gold producing country, mineral resources are continuously developed along with the development of economy, and the quantity of tailings is gradually increased. The gold tailings are directly stacked on the ground surface without being treated, so that not only is a large amount of land occupied, but also the environment around the gold tailings is seriously polluted, and the realization of the comprehensive utilization of the gold tailings becomes a great social subject to be researched urgently. Currently, some scholars use gold tailings to prepare building boards and water permeable bricks. For example, the Chinese invention patent "a building board containing gold tailing particles and a preparation method thereof" (CN 109133866A) discloses a building board containing gold tailing particles and a preparation method thereof, wherein the addition amount of the gold tailing is 30-50%; the Chinese invention patent 'a preparation method of gold tailings water permeable bricks' (CN105777065A) discloses a method for preparing water permeable bricks by using gold tailings, wherein the addition amount of the gold tailings is 40-60%.

The dry wall brick is also called as a dry wall brick, has the characteristics of integrated bearing, variable style, simple construction and the like, and is a good building material at present. At present, many scholars use solid wastes to prepare ceramic ganged bricks. Such as: the Chinese invention patent 'a high-strength ganged brick and a preparation method thereof' (CN107586115A) discloses a method for preparing a ganged brick by using cement and stone powder, wherein the addition amount of the cement is 5-20%, the addition amount of the stone powder is 50-90%, the coloring blank is 0.01-0.1%, the fly ash is 5-20%, the firing temperature is 1100-1150 ℃, and the breaking strength of the ganged brick prepared by the method is 63-65 MPa; the Chinese invention patent 'method for preparing a ganged brick from waste aluminum ash' (CN105036706A) discloses a method for preparing a ganged brick from waste aluminum ash, wherein the addition amount of the waste aluminum ash is 60-65%, the firing temperature of the ganged brick is 1135-1145 ℃, and the firing temperature range is narrower.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for preparing an environment-friendly ceramic ganged brick by using gold tailings, which comprises the following specific technical scheme:

an environment-friendly ceramic ganged brick prepared from gold tailings comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 60-80% of gold tailing powder, 10-20% of shale powder, 5-10% of Laiyang soil powder, 0-15% of quartz powder and 15% of high-temperature flux powder; the glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 90% of clinker and 10% of Suzhou soil.

Further, the gold tailings comprise the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO 2₂ 60～64％，Al₂O₃ 16～20％，Fe₂O₃ 1～3％，TiO₂ 0～1％，CaO 1～3％，MgO 0～3％，K₂O 5～7％，Na₂O2～3％。

Further, the frit comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO 2₂ 57～64％，Al₂O₃ 6～10％，CaO 8～14％，MgO 1～4％，K₂O 2～5％，Na₂O 0～1％，ZnO 6～14％，TiO₂ 0～0.05％，Fe₂O₃0～0.1％，ZrO₂ 0～5％，BaO 0～1％。

A method of making a ceramic ganged brick comprising the steps of:

(1) raw material treatment: respectively ball-milling the gold tailings, the shale, the Laiyang soil, the quartz, the high-temperature flux, the frit and the Suzhou soil for 4-8 hours by using a ball mill, and sieving by using a 200-250-mesh sieve to obtain corresponding powder for later use;

(2) mixing raw materials: weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, and uniformly mixing the raw materials by using a ball mill to obtain a mixture;

(3) spray granulation: putting the mixed raw materials into a spray granulator, and adding water accounting for 5-10% of the mass of the raw materials during granulation;

(4) and (3) staling: sealing and aging the raw materials subjected to spray granulation for 24 hours at normal temperature;

(5) preparing a green body: placing the aged mixture into a mold, pressing by using a press machine, wherein the pressure of the press machine is 30-40 kN, and then maintaining the pressure for 30s to obtain a ceramic ganged brick green body;

(6) drying and glazing: drying the ceramic ganged brick green body in a drying oven at 80-100 ℃ for 20-24 h, uniformly mixing the fusion cake and Suzhou soil according to the proportion, making glaze, and glazing the ceramic ganged brick green body to obtain a green body;

(7) and (3) firing: and (3) putting the glazed green body into a tunnel kiln or a shuttle kiln for firing, and firing at 1100-1120 ℃ for 7-8 h.

Further, the high-temperature fusing agent is one of potassium feldspar or albite, or any mixture of the potassium feldspar and the albite.

Furthermore, the sintering temperature in the step (7) is increased at 5 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 15min at the highest temperature.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the addition amount of the gold tailings is high: according to the invention, 60-80% of the gold tailings are used as main raw materials to prepare the ceramic ganged brick, a new way is provided for recycling the gold tailings, the use value of the gold tailings is widened, and the problem of environmental pollution caused by the gold tailings is effectively solved.

(2) The wall surface has good decorative effect: the ceramic ganged brick prepared by the invention can be directly decorated on an outer wall without other treatments.

(3) The product performance is good: the water absorption rate of the ceramic service brick prepared by the invention is about 0.1%, the breaking strength is between 60 and 75MPa, and the ceramic service brick is far better than the standard that the water absorption rate of the ceramic brick is less than 0.5% and the breaking strength is more than 35MPa in the ceramic brick GB/T4100-2015.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to specific examples:

an environment-friendly ceramic ganged brick prepared from gold tailings comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 60-80% of gold tailing powder, 10-20% of shale powder, 5-10% of Laiyang soil powder, 0-15% of quartz powder and 15% of high-temperature flux powder; the glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 90% of clinker and 10% of Suzhou soil.

The gold tailings comprise the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO 2₂ 60～64％，Al₂O₃ 16～20％，Fe₂O₃ 1～3％，TiO₂ 0～1％，CaO 1～3％，MgO 0～3％，K₂O 5～7％，Na₂O2-3%; the loss on ignition is 5-7%.

The frit comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO 2₂ 57～64％，Al₂O₃ 6～10％，CaO 8～14％，MgO 1～4％，K₂O 2～5％，Na₂O 0～1％，ZnO 6～14％，TiO₂ 0～0.05％，Fe₂O₃ 0～0.1％，ZrO₂0-5% of BaO, 0-1% of BaO; the loss on ignition is 0-0.2%.

The following will explain the above materials in detail as examples, but the contents of the present invention are not limited to the following examples.

Example 1:

a method of making a ceramic ganged brick comprising the steps of:

(1) raw material treatment: respectively ball-milling the gold tailings, the shale, the Laiyang soil, the quartz, the high-temperature flux, the frit and the Suzhou soil for 4-8 hours by using a ball mill, and sieving by using a 200-250-mesh sieve to obtain corresponding powder for later use;

wherein, the gold tailing powder is 60 percent, the shale powder is 15 percent, the quartz powder is 10 percent, and the high-temperature flux powder is 15 percent; the high-temperature flux adopts potassium feldspar;

(2) mixing raw materials: weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, and uniformly mixing the raw materials by using a ball mill to obtain a mixture;

(3) spray granulation: putting the mixed raw materials into a spray granulator, and adding water accounting for 5-10% of the mass of the raw materials during granulation;

(4) and (3) staling: sealing and aging the raw materials subjected to spray granulation for 24 hours at normal temperature;

(5) preparing a green body: placing the aged mixture into a mold, pressing by using a press machine, wherein the pressure of the press machine is 30-40 kN, and then maintaining the pressure for 30s to obtain a ceramic ganged brick green body;

(6) drying and glazing: drying the ceramic ganged brick green body in a drying oven at 80 ℃ for 20-24 h, uniformly mixing 90% of fusion cake and 10% of Suzhou soil according to the proportion, making glaze, and glazing the ceramic ganged brick green body to obtain a green body;

(7) and (3) firing: placing the glazed green body into a tunnel kiln or a shuttle kiln for firing, and firing at 1100 ℃ for 8 h;

wherein the sintering temperature is increased by 5 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept at 1100 ℃ for 15 min.

Tests show that the ceramic ganged brick prepared in the embodiment 1 has the water absorption of 0.15 percent and the breaking strength of 69.11MPa, and meets the requirements of ceramic bricks in the national standard ceramic brick GB/T4100-2015.

Example 2:

a method of making a ceramic ganged brick comprising the steps of:

(1) raw material treatment: respectively ball-milling the gold tailings, the shale, the Laiyang soil, the quartz, the high-temperature flux, the frit and the Suzhou soil for 4-8 hours by using a ball mill, and sieving by using a 200-250-mesh sieve to obtain corresponding powder for later use;

wherein, the gold tailing powder is 70 percent, the shale powder is 10 percent, the Laiyang soil powder is 5 percent, and the high-temperature flux powder is 15 percent; the high-temperature flux adopts albite;

(2) mixing raw materials: weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, and uniformly mixing the raw materials by using a ball mill to obtain a mixture;

(3) spray granulation: putting the mixed raw materials into a spray granulator, and adding water accounting for 5-10% of the mass of the raw materials during granulation;

(4) and (3) staling: sealing and aging the raw materials subjected to spray granulation for 24 hours at normal temperature;

(5) preparing a green body: placing the aged mixture into a mold, pressing by using a press machine, wherein the pressure of the press machine is 30-40 kN, and then maintaining the pressure for 30s to obtain a ceramic ganged brick green body;

(6) drying and glazing: drying the ceramic ganged brick green body in a drying oven at 90 ℃ for 20-24 h, uniformly mixing 90% of fusion cake and 10% of Suzhou soil according to the proportion, making glaze, and glazing the ceramic ganged brick green body to obtain a green body;

(7) and (3) firing: placing the glazed green body into a tunnel kiln or a shuttle kiln for firing, and firing at 1110 ℃ for 8 h;

wherein the sintering temperature is increased by 5 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept at 1080 ℃ for 15 min.

Tests show that the ceramic ganged brick prepared in the embodiment 2 has the water absorption of 0.1 percent and the breaking strength of 73.42MPa, and meets the requirements of ceramic bricks in the national standard ceramic brick GB/T4100-2015.

Example 3:

a method of making a ceramic ganged brick comprising the steps of:

(1) raw material treatment: respectively ball-milling the gold tailings, the shale, the Laiyang soil, the quartz, the high-temperature flux, the frit and the Suzhou soil for 4-8 hours by using a ball mill, and sieving by using a 200-250-mesh sieve to obtain corresponding powder for later use;

wherein, the gold tailing powder is 80 percent, the Laiyang soil powder is 5 percent, and the high-temperature flux powder is 15 percent; the high-temperature flux is a mixture prepared by potassium feldspar and albite in any proportion;

(2) mixing raw materials: weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, and uniformly mixing the raw materials by using a ball mill to obtain a mixture;

(3) spray granulation: putting the mixed raw materials into a spray granulator, and adding water accounting for 5-10% of the mass of the raw materials during granulation;

(4) and (3) staling: sealing and aging the raw materials subjected to spray granulation for 24 hours at normal temperature;

(5) preparing a green body: placing the aged mixture into a mold, pressing by using a press machine, wherein the pressure of the press machine is 30-40 kN, and then maintaining the pressure for 30s to obtain a ceramic ganged brick green body;

(6) drying and glazing: drying the ceramic ganged brick green body in a drying oven at 100 ℃ for 20-24 h, uniformly mixing 90% of fusion cake and 10% of Suzhou soil according to the proportion, making glaze, and glazing the ceramic ganged brick green body to obtain a green body;

(7) and (3) firing: placing the glazed green body into a tunnel kiln or a shuttle kiln for firing, and firing at 1120 ℃ for 8 h;

wherein the sintering temperature is increased by 5 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 15min at 1120 ℃.

Tests show that the ceramic ganged brick prepared in the embodiment 3 has the water absorption of 0.09% and the breaking strength of 67.02MPa, and meets the requirements of ceramic bricks in the national standard ceramic brick GB/T4100-2015.