阅读说明：本技术 一种涡流管诱发激波水合物抑制装置 (Vortex tube induced shock wave hydrate inhibition device ) 是由 梁法春 曾庆港 陈婧 王思港 信灵棋 于 2020-12-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种涡流管诱发激波水合物抑制装置,主要包括进气管、涡流管、回流管、热端出口管、冷端出口管、热管式换热器、鼓风机以及混合器。气井采出的高压天然气进入涡流管,在涡流室内发生强旋流运动,进而引发能量分离,形成冷、热双流体。热端管的热流体通过收缩渐阔管段持续加速变成超音速流体,进而扩张管段产生激波,使得温度、压力升高。部分高温高压流体回流到冷端管,与冷流体进行热交换,防止冷端发生冰堵。本装置将激波制热原理与涡流管能量分离原理相结合,以高压天然气作为工作动力源,无额外加热装置,节约环保、安全可靠。(The invention relates to a shock wave hydrate inhibition device induced by a vortex tube, which mainly comprises an air inlet pipe, a vortex tube, a return pipe, a hot end outlet pipe, a cold end outlet pipe, a heat pipe type heat exchanger, a blower and a mixer. High-pressure natural gas produced by a gas well enters a vortex tube and generates strong vortex motion in a vortex chamber, so that energy separation is initiated, and cold and hot double fluids are formed. The hot fluid of the hot end pipe is continuously accelerated to be changed into supersonic fluid through the contraction of the gradually widening pipe section, and then the expansion pipe section generates shock waves, so that the temperature and the pressure are increased. Part of high-temperature and high-pressure fluid flows back to the cold end pipe to exchange heat with the cold fluid, so that ice blockage at the cold end is prevented. The device combines the shock wave heating principle with the vortex tube energy separation principle, uses high-pressure natural gas as a working power source, has no additional heating device, saves energy, protects environment, and is safe and reliable.)

1. A vortex tube induced shock wave hydrate inhibition device is characterized in that: mainly comprises an air inlet pipe (1), a vortex tube (2), a backflow pipe (3), a hot end outlet pipe (4), a cold end outlet pipe (5), a heat pipe type heat exchanger (6), a mixer (7) and an air blower (8), wherein a monitoring pressure gauge is arranged on the air inlet pipe (1), natural gas in the pipe is input into the vortex tube (2) through a high-pressure air inlet (2-4), the two ends of the vortex tube are respectively provided with the hot end pipe (2-8) and the cold end pipe (2-1), the hot end pipe (2-8) is provided with the backflow pipe (3) and the hot end outlet pipe (4), the outlet of the backflow pipe (3) is connected with the backflow air inlet (2-2), the outlet of the hot end outlet pipe (4) is connected with the mixer (7), the cold end outlet pipe (5) is connected with a heat exchange cold flow inlet (6-5) of the heat pipe type heat exchanger (6), the cold flow outlet (, the blower (8) is connected with the air inlet (6-8) of the heat pipe type heat exchanger (6), and the air outlet (6-6) of the heat pipe type heat exchanger (6) is directly communicated with the atmosphere.

2. The vortex tube induced shock hydrate suppression device of claim 1, wherein: the vortex tube (2) is provided with a high-pressure air inlet (2-2) and a backflow air inlet (2-4), a vortex generator (2-6) is arranged in the vortex chamber (2-5), one end of the vortex chamber (2-5) is connected with the cold end tube (2-1), the other end of the vortex chamber is connected with the hot end tube (2-8), an inner flow passage of the hot end tube (2-8) is of a contraction and expansion structure, the contraction angle is 2-5 degrees, and the expansion angle is 1-5 degrees.

3. The vortex tube induced shock hydrate suppression device of claim 1, wherein: the tail ends of the hot end pipes (2-8) are provided with regulating valves (2-9); the backflow air inlet (2-2) is communicated with the exchange chamber (2-3), a plurality of through holes (2-7) are formed in the inner wall of the inlet initial section of the cold end pipe (2-1) in the exchange chamber (2-3), the through holes (2-7) are uniformly distributed along the periphery of the pipe wall of the inlet section of the cold end pipe, and the diameter of the through holes is 1 mm-2 mm.

4. The vortex tube induced shock hydrate suppression device of claim 1, wherein: the outermost layer of the heat pipe type heat exchanger (6) is a heat insulation shell (6-1), the baffle (6-2) divides the inner space into a cold fluid cavity (6-9) at the upper layer and a hot fluid cavity (6-10) at the lower layer, a plurality of heat pipes (6-3) are sequentially and vertically arranged along the baffle (6-2) and fixed on the baffle (6-2) through fixing bolts (6-4); the ambient air flows into the lower cavity from the air inlet (6-8) after being pressurized by the blower (8) and flows out from the air outlet (6-6); cold air flow at the outlet of the cold end pipe (2-1) flows into the upper cavity from the heat exchange cold flow inlet (6-5), absorbs heat emitted by the heat pipe, and flows out from the heat exchange cold flow outlet (6-7) after being heated.

The technical field is as follows:

the invention discloses a device for inhibiting a shock wave hydrate induced by a vortex tube, in particular to a device for preventing freezing and blocking during throttling of high-pressure natural gas.

Background art:

in the process of extracting natural gas from a wellhead, because the stratum contains water, the extracted natural gas often has certain water content, when the water-containing natural gas flows through a gas well wellhead throttling valve, a large temperature drop can be generated due to the Joule-Thomson effect, and when the formation condition of the hydrate is reached, the hydrate can be formed in a pipeline, so that the problems of pipeline blockage and the like are caused, and the production is influenced. Therefore, heating before throttling is generally used to increase the temperature of the natural gas to avoid the formation of natural gas hydrates.

At present, the traditional natural gas throttling device consists of a throttling valve group, a hydrate inhibitor filling device, a heater and related instruments, the temperature of natural gas is raised in advance through the heater, and meanwhile, the hydrate inhibitor is added, so that the throttled natural gas can not form hydrate to block a pipeline even if the throttled natural gas carries larger temperature drop. However, heating before throttling, adding hydrate inhibitors, consumes large amounts of thermal energy and chemicals, increasing operating and maintenance costs.

Therefore, the invention provides a device for inhibiting hydrate of shock wave induced by a vortex tube. The vortex tube is an energy separation device which has no moving part and a simple structure, compressed gas expands through one or more nozzles and enters the vortex tube along the tangential direction to form a high-speed rotating vortex body, and the vortex body generates a series of heat and mass transfer actions in the tube to generate a cold flow at the center of the tube and a hot flow at the outer side. Because of the strong centrifugal action in the vortex tube, the cold flow gas in the center is dry gas, and the high-temperature gas on the outer side concentrates all liquid generated by the vortex tube effect (including throttling effect). The proportion of cold and hot gas can be adjusted by changing the control valve at the hot end, thereby realizing different cold and hot separation temperatures.

A shock wave is a strong compression wave in which supersonic airflow is compressed to some extent in front of an obstacle and advances in the form of a wave as it flows past the obstacle. After the gas flows through the laser, the gas flow parameters are suddenly changed, so that the pressure, the temperature and the density of the gas are increased, and the flow speed is reduced. The working principle of the vortex tube for inducing shock waves is that airflow at the hot end of the vortex tube is gradually accelerated to be changed into supersonic fluid through the contraction gradually-widening tube section, the outlet back pressure is controlled by the outlet adjusting valve at the hot end of the vortex tube, shock waves are generated in the expansion tube section, the temperature of hot gas is further increased after the hot gas flows through the shock waves, and the generation of natural gas hydrates of a downstream pipeline can be effectively inhibited.

Most of the existing vortex tubes focus on refrigeration effect, when the vortex tubes are used for throttling and depressurizing a natural gas industrial wellhead, the excessive temperature drop inside the vortex tubes condenses part of water vapor in natural gas, so that the cold ends of the vortex tubes are frozen and blocked, and the heating effect of the hot ends of the vortex tubes is poor, which is an important factor for limiting the application of the vortex tubes in the throttling field of the natural gas wellhead.

Therefore, the invention combines the shock wave heating principle with the vortex tube energy separation principle, provides the vortex tube induced shock wave hydrate inhibition device, can eliminate the ice blockage phenomenon generated in the throttling process, and has the advantages of environmental protection, energy conservation and the like.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention relates to a shock wave hydrate inhibition device induced by a vortex tube, which mainly comprises an air inlet tube, a vortex tube, a backflow tube, a hot end outlet tube, a cold end outlet tube, a heat pipe type heat exchanger, a mixer and a blower, wherein a monitoring pressure gauge is arranged on the air inlet tube; the cold end outlet pipe is connected with the heat exchange cold flow inlet of the heat pipe type heat exchanger, the heat exchange cold flow outlet of the heat pipe type heat exchanger is connected with the mixer, the air blower is connected with the air inlet of the heat pipe type heat exchanger, and the air outlet of the heat pipe type heat exchanger is directly communicated with the atmosphere.

The vortex tube is provided with a high-pressure air inlet and a backflow air inlet, a vortex generator is arranged in the vortex chamber, one end of the vortex chamber is connected with the cold end tube, the other end of the vortex chamber is connected with the hot end tube, a flow passage in the hot end tube is of a contraction and expansion structure, the contraction angle is 2-5 degrees, and the expansion angle is 1-5 degrees. The vortex generator is internally provided with a plurality of nozzles which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.

The tail end of the hot end pipe is provided with an adjusting valve, a backflow air inlet is communicated with the exchange chamber, the inner wall of the initial section of the inlet of the cold end pipe in the exchange chamber is provided with a plurality of through holes, the through holes are uniformly distributed along the periphery of the pipe wall of the inlet section of the cold end pipe, and the diameter of the through holes is 1-2 mm.

The outermost layer of the heat pipe type heat exchanger is a heat insulation shell, the baffle plate divides the inner space into a cold fluid cavity at the upper layer and a hot fluid cavity at the lower part, and a plurality of heat pipes are vertically arranged along the baffle plate in sequence and fixed on the baffle plate through fixing bolts; the ambient air flows into the lower cavity from the air inlet after being pressurized by the blower and flows out from the air outlet; cold air flow at the outlet of the cold end pipe flows into the upper cavity from the heat exchange cold flow inlet, absorbs heat emitted by the heat pipe, and flows out from the heat exchange cold flow outlet after being heated.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) a throttle valve is replaced on a gas production line at the wellhead of the gas well, and a wellhead heating furnace and a hydrate inhibitor filling device are not arranged or are arranged less, so that the gas production device is simplified, and safe and efficient production is realized;

(2) the device has simple composition, low production and running cost, convenient operation and the like;

(3) the treatment capacity of the natural gas to be recovered can be changed by adjusting the number of the vortex tubes, so that the natural gas recovery device is easy to adapt to gas wells of various sizes;

(4) the outlet of the hot end of the vortex tube is connected with the cold end exchange chamber through a return tube, and a hot airflow film layer is formed on the inner wall of the initial section of the inlet of the cold end by return gas, so that the cold end tube is prevented from being blocked by ice;

(5) the hot end of the contraction gradually-expanding vortex tube can induce shock waves to be generated, the heating effect is further enhanced, the outlet heat flow temperature is increased, and the generation of natural gas hydrates can be effectively inhibited.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a vortex tube configuration;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a vortex tube porous wall tube;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a vortex tube nozzle;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a heat pipe heat exchanger.

In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:

1. an air inlet pipe; 2. a vortex tube; 3. a return pipe; 4. a hot end outlet pipe; 5. a cold end outlet pipe; 6. a heat pipe type heat exchanger; 7. a mixer; 8. a blower; 2-1, cold end pipe; 2-2; a return air inlet; 2-3, an exchange chamber; 2-4, high pressure air inlet; 2-5, a vortex chamber; 2-6, vortex generators; 2-7, through holes; 2-8, hot end pipe; 2-9, regulating valve; 6-1, an insulating shell; 6-2, a baffle; 6-3, a heat pipe; 6-4, fixing bolts; 6-5, a heat exchange cold flow inlet; 6-6, an air outlet; 6-7, a heat exchange cold flow outlet; 6-8, air inlet; 6-9, cold fluid cavity; 6-10 parts of hot fluid cavity.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention relates to a device for inhibiting shock wave hydrate induced by a vortex tube, which mainly comprises an air inlet tube 1, a vortex tube 2, a return tube 3, a hot end outlet tube 4, a cold end outlet tube 5, a heat pipe type heat exchanger 6, a mixer 7 and a blower 8. The gas inlet pipe 1 is provided with a monitoring pressure gauge, natural gas in the pipe enters the vortex pipe 2 through the high-pressure gas inlet 2-4, the two sides of the vortex pipe 2 are respectively provided with a hot end pipe 2-8 and a cold end pipe 2-1, the hot end pipe 2-8 is provided with a return pipe 3 and a hot end outlet pipe 4, the outlet of the return pipe 3 is connected with the return gas inlet 2-2, and the outlet of the hot end outlet pipe 4 is connected with the mixer 7. The cold end outlet pipe 5 is connected with a heat exchange cold flow inlet 6-5 of the heat pipe type heat exchanger 6, a heat exchange cold flow outlet 6-7 of the heat pipe type heat exchanger 6 is connected with the mixer 7, the air blower 8 is connected with an air inlet 6-8 of the heat pipe type heat exchanger 6, and the air outlet 6-6 of the heat pipe type heat exchanger 6 is directly communicated with the atmosphere.

As shown in figure 2, a high-pressure air inlet 2-4 and a backflow air inlet 2-2 are arranged on the vortex tube 2, a vortex generator 2-6 is arranged in the vortex chamber 2-5, one end of the vortex chamber 2-5 is connected with the cold end tube 2-1, and the other end of the vortex chamber 2-5 is connected with the hot end tube 2-8. The inner flow passage of the hot end pipe 2-8 is of a contraction and gradual expansion structure, the contraction angle is 2-5 degrees, and the expansion angle is 1-5 degrees.

The tail end of the hot end pipe 2-8 is provided with an adjusting valve 2-9, the backflow air inlet 2-2 is communicated with the exchange chamber 2-3, and the inner wall of the initial inlet section of the cold end pipe 2-1 in the exchange chamber 2-3 is provided with a plurality of through holes 2-7.

As shown in figure 3, the through holes 2-7 are uniformly distributed along the periphery of the pipe wall of the inlet section of the cold end pipe, and the diameter of the through holes is 1 mm-2 mm.

As shown in fig. 4, the vortex generators 2-6 are provided with a plurality of nozzles uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.

When the high-speed natural gas flow generator works, when high-pressure natural gas flows through the vortex generators 2-6 from the gas inlets 2-4, the high-pressure gas is expanded, cooled and accelerated through the plurality of nozzles, and high-speed low-temperature fluid at the outlets of the nozzles enters the vortex chambers 2-5 along the tangential direction to form high-speed rotational flow and flows to the heat end pipes 2-8 gradually. Due to the energy separation effect of the vortex tube, the fluid in the hot end tube 2-8 is divided into two parts, one part of the fluid flows to the hot end outlet along the tube wall, the other part of the fluid flows back from the hot end tube 2-8 to the cold end tube 2-1 from the central area of the vortex tube under the driving of the pressure gradient, momentum and heat are transferred with the fluid at the outer side in the process, and then the fluid flows out from the cold end tube 2-1 outlet through the pore plate. The fluid at the outlets of the hot end pipes 2-8 obtains partial energy and is heated to be hot fluid; the fluid at the outlet of the cold end pipe 2-1 loses a part of energy and is cooled to be cold fluid.

The inner flow channel of the hot end of the vortex tube 2 is designed to be in a contraction and expansion mode, the outlet back pressure is controlled by a hot end outlet regulating valve 2-9, shock waves are generated in an expansion tube section, the heating effect is further enhanced, the outlet heat flow temperature is increased, and the generation of downstream natural gas hydrates can be effectively inhibited; the initial section of the inlet of the cold end pipe 2-1 is provided with a plurality of through holes 2-7, hot fluid in the return pipe 3 is input into the exchange chamber 2-3 through the return air inlet 2-2, and then a hot airflow film layer is formed on the inner wall of the initial section of the cold end pipe 2-1 through the through holes 2-7, so that ice blockage of the cold end pipe 2-1 is prevented.

As shown in FIG. 5, the outermost layer of the heat pipe type heat exchanger 6 is a heat insulation shell 6-1, the baffle 6-2 divides the inner space into a cold fluid chamber 6-9 at the upper layer and a hot fluid chamber 6-10 at the lower part, and the plurality of heat pipes 6-3 are vertically arranged along the baffle 6-2 in sequence and fixed on the baffle 6-2 through fixing bolts 6-4. When the heat pipe type air conditioner works, ambient air is pressurized by the air blower and then flows into the lower cavity through the air inlet 6-8 and flows out of the air outlet 6-6, the heat receiving section of the heat pipe 6-3 absorbs heat of the ambient air, working media in the heat pipe are vaporized into steam and ascend to the heat releasing section, meanwhile, the working media are condensed into liquid to release latent heat of vaporization, and condensed liquid flows back to the heat receiving section under the action of gravity. Cold air flow at the outlet of the cold end pipe 2-1 flows into the upper cavity from the heat exchange cold flow inlet 6-5, absorbs heat emitted by the heat pipe, and flows out from the heat exchange cold flow outlet 6-7 after being heated.

The working principle of the invention is illustrated as follows:

as shown in fig. 1, high-pressure natural gas produced by an upstream gas well enters a vortex tube 2 through an air inlet tube 1, and the high-pressure natural gas generates strong rotational flow motion in a vortex chamber 2-5 under the action of centrifugal force, so that energy separation is initiated, and independent central cold flow and outer layer heat flow are formed; the heat flow is gradually accelerated to become supersonic fluid through the contraction gradually-widening pipe section, the outlet backpressure is controlled by the hot end outlet adjusting valve 2-9 of the vortex tube, shock waves are generated in the expansion pipe section, the temperature and the pressure of the hot air flow are increased after the hot air flow is compressed by the shock waves, a part of the hot air flow is driven by the pressure gradient action to flow back to the cold end pipe 2-1 through the return pipe 3 and enter the exchange chamber 2-3, the hot air flow forms a heat flow film layer on the inner wall of the hot end pipe 2-1 through a plurality of through holes 2-7 in the initial inlet section of the cold end pipe 2-1 to prevent the cold end from being blocked by ice, most of the hot air flow is conveyed to the mixer 7 through the hot end outlet pipe 4, the air flow at the cold end outlet firstly enters the heat pipe type heat exchanger 6 to exchange.

The invention can effectively replace the traditional natural gas throttling device, control the generation of natural gas hydrate in the throttling process and realize safe and efficient production.