阅读说明：本技术 一种轻质、防爆材料的制备方法 (Preparation method of light and explosion-proof material ) 是由 庄银江 高鹏刚 庄津 高永才 于 2020-11-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种轻质、防爆材料的制备方法,属于公共安全用品制备技术领域。本发明的目的是为了解决现有防爆材料重量与防爆效果无法平衡的问题。本发明所制备的轻质、防爆材料,具有三明治型“防弹-缓冲-吸能”结构,其中碳化硅片用于抵抗爆炸物或破片的绝对冲击,橡胶层可用于缓冲冲击动能对人体的伤害,以及用于防止陶瓷碎片对人体的二次伤害,气凝胶层用于进一步吸收破片的冲击动能,对人体的柔软部位进行进一步防护；因此,该防爆材料可有效防护金属制、陶瓷制、水泥制破片的爆炸后穿透,防爆效果好。(The invention relates to a preparation method of a light and explosion-proof material, belonging to the technical field of preparation of public safety articles. The invention aims to solve the problem that the weight and the explosion-proof effect of the conventional explosion-proof material cannot be balanced. The light and explosion-proof material prepared by the invention has a sandwich type bulletproof-buffering-energy-absorbing structure, wherein the silicon carbide chip is used for resisting absolute impact of explosives or fragments, the rubber layer can be used for buffering the damage of impact kinetic energy to a human body and preventing ceramic fragments from secondary damage to the human body, and the aerogel layer is used for further absorbing the impact kinetic energy of the fragments and further protecting soft parts of the human body; therefore, the explosion-proof material can effectively prevent fragments made of metal, ceramics and cement from penetrating after explosion, and has good explosion-proof effect.)

1. A preparation method of a light and explosion-proof material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:

step one, the density is (0.2-0.5) g/cm³The silicon carbide porous ceramic machine is added with regular hexagonal bulletproof blocks with side length (5-15) mm and thickness (2-3) mm;

step two, bonding the regular hexagonal block obtained in the step one to a regular hexagonal silicon rubber pad which has the same side length as the regular hexagonal block and is 0.5-1 mm in thickness by using an epoxy resin adhesive on a single side, and then transferring the regular hexagonal silicon rubber pad to an oven to be treated for 1-24 hours at the temperature of 80-150 ℃ to obtain a composite hexagonal bulletproof-buffer block with a fragment splashing prevention function;

thirdly, arranging and bonding one side of the silicone rubber pad of the composite hexagonal block obtained in the second step to a polyamide aerogel felt with the thickness of 0.5-1 mm by using a phenolic resin adhesive, wherein the arrangement distance value of the composite hexagonal block is the same as the thickness value of the hexagonal block in the first step;

step four, bonding the silicon carbide porous ceramic side of the composite hexagonal block in the step three with a polyamide aerogel felt with the same specification as the three phases in the step three by using an epoxy resin adhesive to obtain a sandwich type bulletproof-buffering-energy absorbing structure;

and fifthly, transferring the sandwich-type bulletproof-buffering-energy-absorbing structure obtained in the fourth step into an oven, treating the structure at the temperature of 60-120 ℃ for 5-12 hours, taking out the structure, covering aramid fiber woven cloth with the thickness of 0.5-1 mm on the surface of the polyamide aerogel felt, and sewing the aramid fiber woven cloth by passing aramid fiber threads through a composite hexagonal block, wherein the sewing density is 0.1-0.5 needle/square centimeter, so that the lightweight and explosion-proof material is obtained.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a preparation method of a light and explosion-proof material, belonging to the technical field of preparation of public safety articles.

Background

Social public safety is one of the major safety issues. When the public security personnel execute the relevant event processing which endangers the social security or the fire fighters execute the dangerous fire fighting tasks such as fire, the safety of the public security personnel and the fire fighters in the possible dangerous situations such as explosion and the like is ensured, and the key for maintaining the life safety of the public security fire fighters and smoothly completing the security and fire fighting tasks is realized. Explosion refers to the release of a large amount of energy in a very short time, resulting in high temperature and a large amount of gas, resulting in high pressure chemical reactions or state changes in the surrounding medium, with very high destructiveness. The destruction form includes: direct destructive action, in particular mechanical equipment, devices, containers, etc., after explosion, generates many fragments which, after flying out, can cause damage to a considerable extent. The common fragments fly in 100-500 m; the damage effect of the shock wave, the propagation speed of the shock wave is extremely fast, in the propagation process, the damage effect and the casualty of mechanical equipment and buildings in the surrounding environment can be generated, and the vibration effect can be generated in the action area of the shock wave, so that objects are loosened and even damaged due to the vibration; the fire disaster is caused, high temperature and high pressure are generated during explosion, a large amount of heat or residual flame is left in a building, the steam of combustible gas, combustible or combustible liquid which flows out from the interior of damaged equipment is ignited continuously, other combustible substances can be ignited to cause the fire disaster, particularly when containers and pipelines containing the combustible substances explode, the combustible substances thrown out by the explosion can cause large-area fire disaster, and the condition is most easily generated after the oil tank and the liquefied gas cylinder explode; furthermore, explosions can also cause poisoning and environmental pollution.

At present, the explosion-proof materials mostly have the difficult problem that weight and explosion-proof effect can not be balanced, for example, most of materials with good explosion-proof effect are heavier and have poor wearability, and most of materials with light weight and good wearability have unsatisfactory explosion-proof effect, thus seriously influencing the plan and effect of public security personnel and firefighters for security maintenance, dangerous case treatment and fire rescue. Aiming at the problem, the invention provides a preparation method of a light and explosion-proof material, which aims to solve the problem of considering both the weight and the effect of the explosion-proof material.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem that the weight and the explosion-proof effect of the existing explosion-proof material cannot be balanced, and provides a preparation method of a light explosion-proof material, which has the advantages of light weight, high strength and the like on the basis of meeting the excellent explosion-proof effect.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a preparation method of a light and explosion-proof material specifically comprises the following steps:

step one, the density is (0.2-0.5) g/cm³The silicon carbide porous ceramic machine is added with regular hexagonal bulletproof blocks with side length (5-15) mm and thickness (2-3) mm;

step two, bonding the regular hexagonal block obtained in the step one to a regular hexagonal silicon rubber pad which has the same side length as the regular hexagonal block and is 0.5-1 mm in thickness by using an epoxy resin adhesive on a single side, and then transferring the regular hexagonal silicon rubber pad to an oven to be treated for 1-24 hours at the temperature of 80-150 ℃ to obtain a composite hexagonal bulletproof-buffer block with a fragment splashing prevention function;

thirdly, arranging and bonding one side of the silicone rubber pad of the composite hexagonal block obtained in the second step to a polyamide aerogel felt with the thickness of 0.5-1 mm by using a phenolic resin adhesive, wherein the arrangement distance value of the composite hexagonal block is the same as the thickness value of the hexagonal block in the first step;

step four, bonding the silicon carbide porous ceramic side of the composite hexagonal block in the step three with a polyamide aerogel felt with the same specification as the three phases in the step three by using an epoxy resin adhesive to obtain a sandwich type bulletproof-buffering-energy absorbing structure;

and fifthly, transferring the sandwich-type bulletproof-buffering-energy-absorbing structure obtained in the fourth step into an oven, treating the structure at the temperature of 60-120 ℃ for 5-12 hours, taking out the structure, covering aramid fiber woven cloth with the thickness of 0.5-1 mm on the surface of the polyamide aerogel felt, and sewing the aramid fiber woven cloth by passing aramid fiber threads through a composite hexagonal block, wherein the sewing density is 0.1-0.5 needle/square centimeter, so that the lightweight and explosion-proof material is obtained.

Advantageous effects

1. The invention provides a preparation method of a light and explosion-proof material, and the density of the prepared light and explosion-proof material is not more than 0.5g/cm³The weight is light, the weight is not heavy, the foldability is good, and the carrying and the wearing are convenient when the material is used as an explosion-proof material;

2. the light and explosion-proof material prepared by the preparation method has a sandwich type bulletproof-buffering-energy-absorbing structure, wherein the silicon carbide chip is used for resisting absolute impact of explosives or fragments, the rubber layer can be used for buffering the damage of impact kinetic energy to a human body and preventing secondary damage of ceramic fragments to the human body, and the aerogel layer is used for further absorbing the impact kinetic energy of the fragments and further protecting soft parts of the human body; therefore, the explosion-proof material can effectively prevent fragments made of metal, ceramics and cement from penetrating after explosion, and has good explosion-proof effect;

3. the preparation method of the light and explosion-proof material provided by the invention is simple, has no pollution in the preparation process, easily obtains the required raw materials, and is suitable for large-scale production and preparation.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1:

a preparation method of a light and explosion-proof material specifically comprises the following steps:

step one, setting the density to be 0.5g/cm³The silicon carbide porous ceramic machine is processed into a regular hexagonal block with the side length of 10mm and the thickness of 2 mm;

step two, bonding the regular hexagonal block obtained in the step one to a regular hexagonal silicon rubber pad with the side length of 10mm and the thickness of 0.8mm by using an epoxy resin adhesive on one side to obtain a composite hexagonal block; then transferring the mixture into an oven to be treated for 24 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain a composite hexagonal bulletproof-buffer block with the fragment splashing prevention function;

thirdly, arranging and bonding one side of the silicone rubber pad of the composite hexagonal block obtained in the second step to a polyamide aerogel felt with the thickness of 1mm by using a phenolic resin adhesive, wherein the arrangement distance value of the composite hexagonal block is 2 mm;

step four, bonding a polyamide aerogel felt with the thickness of 1mm on one side of the silicon carbide porous ceramic of the composite hexagonal block in the step three by using an epoxy resin adhesive, then transferring the polyamide aerogel felt into an oven to be treated for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, taking out the polyamide aerogel felt,

step five, covering aramid fiber woven cloth with the thickness of 1mm on the surfaces of the polyamide aerogel felts obtained in the step three and the step four, and sewing by using aramid fiber threads to penetrate through the composite hexagonal block, wherein the sewing density is 0.1 needle/square centimeter;

and step six, transferring the sewn material obtained in the step five into a blast oven, heating for 5 hours at 90 ℃, taking out and cooling to obtain the light and explosion-proof material.

Tests prove that the density of the light and explosion-proof material prepared by the embodiment is 0.4g/cm³The weight is light, the foldability is good, and the carrying and the wearing are convenient; the explosion-proof device can effectively prevent fragments made of metal, ceramic and cement from penetrating after explosion within 50 meters, and has good explosion-proof effect.

Example 2:

a preparation method of a light and explosion-proof material specifically comprises the following steps:

step one, setting the density to be 0.4g/cm³The silicon carbide porous ceramic machine is processed into a regular hexagonal block with the side length of 15mm and the thickness of 3 mm;

step two, bonding the regular hexagonal block obtained in the step one to a regular hexagonal silicon rubber pad with the side length of 15mm and the thickness of 0.5mm by using an epoxy resin adhesive on one side to obtain a composite hexagonal block; then transferring the mixture into an oven to be treated for 2 hours at the temperature of 120 ℃ to obtain a composite hexagonal bulletproof-buffer block with the fragment splashing prevention function;

thirdly, arranging and bonding one side of the silicone rubber pad of the composite hexagonal block obtained in the second step to a polyamide aerogel felt with the thickness of 1mm by using a phenolic resin adhesive, wherein the arrangement distance value of the composite hexagonal block is 3 mm;

step four, bonding a polyamide aerogel felt with the thickness of 1mm on one side of the silicon carbide porous ceramic of the composite hexagonal block in the step three by using an epoxy resin adhesive; then transferring the mixture into an oven to be treated for 2 hours at the temperature of 150 ℃ to obtain a composite hexagonal bulletproof-buffer block with the fragment splashing prevention function;

step five, covering aramid fiber woven cloth with the thickness of 0.5mm on the surfaces of the polyamide aerogel felts obtained in the step three and the step four, and sewing by using aramid fiber threads to penetrate through the composite hexagonal block, wherein the sewing density is 0.5 needle/square centimeter;

and step six, transferring the sewn material obtained in the step five into a blast oven, heating for 3 hours at 120 ℃, taking out and cooling to obtain the light and explosion-proof material.

Tests prove that the density of the light and explosion-proof material prepared by the embodiment is 0.35g/cm³The weight is light, the foldability is good, and the carrying and the wearing are convenient; the explosion-proof device can effectively prevent fragments made of metal, ceramic and cement from penetrating after explosion within 50 meters, and has good explosion-proof effect.

Example 3:

a preparation method of a light and explosion-proof material specifically comprises the following steps:

the density is 0.5g/cm³The silicon carbide porous ceramic machine is processed into a regular hexagonal block with the side length of 15mm and the thickness of 3 mm; bonding a single side of the regular hexagonal block to a regular hexagonal silicon rubber pad which has the same side length as the regular hexagonal block and has the thickness of 1mm by using an epoxy resin adhesive to obtain a composite hexagonal block; then transferring the mixture into an oven to be treated for 8 hours at the temperature of 90 ℃;

arranging and bonding one side of a silicone rubber pad of the composite hexagonal block to a polyamide aerogel felt with the thickness of 1mm by using a phenolic resin adhesive, wherein the arrangement distance value of the composite hexagonal block is the same as the thickness value of the hexagonal block in the step one; bonding polyamide aerogel felts with the same specification on one side of the silicon carbide porous ceramic of the composite hexagonal block by using a thermosetting adhesive; then transferring the mixture into an oven to be treated for 8 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃; after taking out and cooling, covering aramid fiber woven cloth with the thickness of 1mm on the surface of the polyamide aerogel felt, and sewing by using aramid fiber threads through a composite hexagonal block, wherein the sewing density is 0.3 needle/square centimeter, so that the light and explosion-proof material is obtained.

Tests prove that the density of the light and explosion-proof material prepared by the embodiment is 0.35g/cm³The weight is light, the foldability is good, and the carrying and the wearing are convenient; can effectively prevent fragments made of metal, ceramic and cement from penetrating after explosion within 100 meters, and has good explosion-proof effect.

The above detailed description is intended to illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above detailed description is only exemplary of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.