阅读说明：本技术 一种电解槽阴极整体成型排烟装置及方法 (Integral forming smoke exhaust device and method for cathode of electrolytic cell ) 是由 邓翔 曹斌 张嘉 杨运川 柴婉秋 马靓 吴中鼎 于 2021-08-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种电解槽阴极整体成型排烟装置及方法,该装置包括顶部排烟罩,顶部排烟罩侧面设有排烟管,铝电解槽侧面设有侧部吸气罩,侧部吸气罩的侧部设有挡烟板,侧部吸气罩的末端设有侧部调节阀；顶部排烟罩接口设有顶部调节阀,排烟管的末端设有排烟调节阀,侧部调节阀、排烟调节阀后设有烟气汇总管,烟气汇总管烟气的接入烟气处理系统。该方案解决整体成型铝电解槽焙烧过程中烟气逸散污染人们生产生活的环境问题,实现劳动保护及环境保护的目标,同时解决了不同周期排烟不均以及长距离情况下不同距离排烟不均的问题。(The invention discloses a smoke exhaust device and a method for integrally forming a cathode of an electrolytic cell, wherein the smoke exhaust device comprises a top smoke exhaust hood, a smoke exhaust pipe is arranged on the side surface of the top smoke exhaust hood, a side air suction hood is arranged on the side surface of the aluminum electrolytic cell, a smoke baffle plate is arranged on the side part of the side air suction hood, and a side regulating valve is arranged at the tail end of the side air suction hood; the top fume hood interface is provided with a top regulating valve, the tail end of the fume exhaust pipe is provided with a fume exhaust regulating valve, a fume collecting pipe is arranged behind the side regulating valve and the fume exhaust regulating valve, and the fume of the fume collecting pipe is connected into a fume treatment system. The scheme solves the environmental problem that smoke escape pollutes production and life of people in the roasting process of the integrally formed aluminum electrolytic cell, realizes the aims of labor protection and environmental protection, and simultaneously solves the problems of uneven smoke discharge in different periods and uneven smoke discharge in different distances under the long-distance condition.)

1. The utility model provides an electrolysis trough negative pole integrated into one piece fume extractor which characterized in that: comprises a top exhaust hood (1), a smoke exhaust pipe (2) is arranged on the side surface of the top exhaust hood (1), a side air suction hood (3) is arranged on the side surface of an aluminum electrolytic cell (10), a smoke baffle plate (4) is arranged on the side part of the side air suction hood (3), and a side regulating valve (5) is arranged at the tail end of the side air suction hood (3); the top exhaust hood (1) is provided with a top regulating valve (6) at the interface, the tail end of the exhaust pipe (2) is provided with a smoke exhaust regulating valve (7), a smoke collecting pipe (8) is arranged behind the side regulating valve (5) and the smoke exhaust regulating valve (7), and the smoke collecting pipe (8) is connected with a smoke treatment system (9) for smoke.

2. The electrolytic cell cathode integral forming smoke exhaust device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top exhaust hood (1) is of a structure with a small lower part and a large upper part and is installed in a hanging mode, the distance between a lower hood opening and covering materials is 60-100mm, and a top exhaust opening extends into the upper portion of the lower hood opening plane of the top exhaust hood (1).

3. The electrolytic cell cathode integral forming smoke exhaust device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side air suction cover (3) adopts a wedge-shaped strip seam structure; the side smoke baffle (4) extends into the space between the rib plates of the electrolytic cell shell.

4. A method for discharging flue gas by using the cathode integrated forming flue gas discharging device of the electrolytic cell of any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the steps of: before the calcination of integrated into one piece cathode aluminum cell starts the operation, adjust top governing valve (6) of top enclosure (1) interface earlier, it is even to make each top enclosure (1) exhaust fume, and fixed top governing valve (6), when the calcination starts, close terminal lateral part governing valve (5) of lateral part enclosure (3) of breathing in, open terminal governing valve (7) of discharging fume of tub (2), get into bottom negative pole intensification stage when the calcination, gradually open terminal lateral part governing valve (5) of lateral part enclosure (3) of breathing in, and gradually adjust and close little governing valve (7) development angle of discharging fume, maintain aluminum cell top and lateral part and discharge fume the balance.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method and a device for discharging smoke of an aluminum electrolysis cell cathode in an integral forming manner, in particular to a method and a device for discharging smoke of a large amount of harmful smoke generated in the process of roasting the aluminum electrolysis cell cathode in an integral forming manner.

Background

In the process of integrally forming the cathode of the aluminum electrolytic cell, cathode roasting is required before electrifying production after the building of the electrolytic cell is finished, a large amount of harmful flue gas is emitted from the upper part and the side part of the electrolytic cell in the roasting process of the electrolytic cell to cause pollution to workshops and surrounding environment, and the flue gas needs to be collected and controlled at fixed points; then the vertical smoke exhaust pipeline is connected with a heat exchanger for heat exchange to reduce smoke; the flue gas cooled by the heat exchanger enters a cyclone separator to carry out cyclone separation on the flue gas, the separated solid returns to the electrolytic cell through the return material, and the gas is emptied after separation.

However, during the roasting start of the conventional electrolytic cell, no smoke discharge measures are taken specially for the roasting start of the electrolytic cell, the smoke discharge effect is not good even if temporary measures are taken, and a large amount of smoke is emitted in an electrolytic workshop to cause serious environmental pollution.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: provides a smoke exhaust device and a smoke exhaust method for the integral forming of the cathode of an electrolytic cell, which overcome the defects of the prior art.

The invention is realized by the following steps:

the invention relates to an electrolytic cell cathode integral forming smoke exhaust device, which comprises a top smoke exhaust hood, wherein a smoke exhaust pipe is arranged on the side surface of the top smoke exhaust hood, a side air suction hood is arranged on the side surface of an aluminum electrolytic cell, a smoke baffle plate is arranged on the side part of the side air suction hood, and a side regulating valve is arranged at the tail end of the side air suction hood; the top fume hood interface is provided with a top regulating valve, the tail end of the fume exhaust pipe is provided with a fume exhaust regulating valve, a fume collecting pipe is arranged behind the side regulating valve and the fume exhaust regulating valve, and the fume of the fume collecting pipe is connected into a fume treatment system.

Furthermore, the top exhaust hood is in a structure with a small lower part and a large upper part and is installed in a hanging mode, the distance between a lower hood opening and the covering material is 60-100mm, a top exhaust opening extends into the position above the plane of the lower hood opening of the top exhaust hood, the theoretical wind speed control range of the hood opening is 1-2m/s, and top flue gas collection is effectively controlled.

Furthermore, the side gas suction cover of the electrolytic cell adopts a wedge-shaped strip seam structure, so that the balanced control of smoke discharge can be performed according to the distance from the tail end of the smoke discharge end, and the uniform smoke discharge of the side part of the electrolytic cell is realized; the lateral smoke baffle plate extends between the rib plates of the electrolytic cell shell, effectively blocks the emission of smoke and realizes the diversion function, and better realizes the aim of efficiently discharging smoke of the lateral air suction cover.

Furthermore, the tail end of the side air suction hood is provided with a regulating valve, the joint of the top smoke exhaust hood is provided with a regulating valve, and the tail end of the smoke exhaust pipe is provided with a smoke exhaust regulating valve. The top fume exhaust hood interface regulating valve can control the fume exhaust balance of different fume exhaust points in the cathode roasting process of the electrolytic cell, and the side air suction hood tail end regulating valve and the fume exhaust pipe tail end fume exhaust regulating valve can respectively control the periodic distribution of the fume exhaust amount of the electrolytic cell according to the cathode roasting fume exhaust period of the electrolytic cell.

Compared with the prior art, the invention effectively controls the whole process smoke exhaust control of the integral forming of the cathode of the electrolytic cell in the roasting process by collecting the smoke emitted from the top smoke outlet and the cathode steel bar of the electrolytic cell, respectively adjusts and controls different smoke exhaust points of the roasting of the electrolytic cell according to different roasting periods, realizes the aim of energy saving while realizing labor protection and environmental protection, effectively controls the whole smoke exhaust quantity of the integral forming roasting of the cathode of the electrolytic cell within the normal operation smoke exhaust quantity of the electrolytic cell, solves the problems of labor protection and environmental protection in the integral forming process of the cathode of the electrolytic cell, simultaneously solves the problems of matching of the system smoke exhaust quantity with a purification system and the energy saving of smoke exhaust control, and improves the smoke exhaust efficiency and the effect of the system, thereby having good popularization value and use value.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an elevational view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the connection of the side smoke absorbing hood and the smoke barrier.

The labels in the figures are: 1-top smoke exhaust hood, 2-smoke exhaust pipe, 3-side air suction hood, 4-smoke baffle plate, 5-side regulating valve, 6-top regulating valve, 7-smoke exhaust regulating valve, 8-smoke collecting pipe, 9-smoke treatment system, 10-aluminum electrolysis cell and 11-wedge-shaped strip seam.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

As shown in figures 1-3, the invention relates to a method and a device for discharging smoke of an aluminum electrolysis cell cathode integral forming, wherein a movable top exhaust hood 1 is arranged at a top exhaust port of the cathode integral forming electrolysis cell, a smoke discharge pipe 2 is arranged on the side surface of the top exhaust hood 1, a side air suction hood 3 is arranged on the side surface of an aluminum electrolysis cell 10, a smoke baffle plate 4 is arranged on the side part of the side air suction hood 3, a side regulating valve 5 is arranged at the tail end of the side air suction hood 3, a top regulating valve 6 is arranged at the interface of the top exhaust hood 2, a smoke discharge regulating valve 7 is arranged at the tail end of the smoke discharge pipe 2, a smoke collecting pipe 8 is arranged behind the smoke discharge regulating valve 7, and the smoke of the smoke collecting pipe 8 is connected to a smoke treatment system 9.

The top exhaust hood 1 is in a structure with a small lower part and a large upper part and is mounted in a hanging mode, the distance between a lower hood opening and covering materials is 60-100mm, a top exhaust opening extends into the position above the plane of the lower hood opening of the top exhaust hood 1, the theoretical wind speed control range of the hood opening is 1-2m/s, and top flue gas collection is effectively controlled; the side air suction cover 3 on the side of the aluminum electrolytic cell 10 adopts a wedge-shaped strip seam structure, and a wedge-shaped strip seam 11 is shown in figure 3, so that the balanced control of smoke discharge can be performed according to the distance from the tail end of a smoke discharge end, and the uniform smoke discharge of the side of the electrolytic cell is realized; the smoke baffle plate 4 at the side part extends into the space between the ribbed plates of the shell of the aluminum electrolytic cell 10, thereby effectively blocking the emission of smoke and realizing the diversion function, and better realizing the aim of efficiently discharging smoke of the side air suction cover 3; the tail end of the side air suction hood 3 is provided with a side adjusting valve 5, the joint of the top smoke exhaust hood 1 is provided with a top adjusting valve 6, and the tail end of the smoke exhaust pipe 2 is provided with a smoke exhaust adjusting valve 7. The top regulating valve 6 at the interface of the top exhaust hood 1 can control the balance of exhaust smoke of different exhaust points in the cathode roasting process of the electrolytic cell, and the side regulating valve 5 at the tail end of the side air suction hood 3 and the exhaust smoke regulating valve 7 at the tail end of the exhaust pipe 2 can respectively control the periodic distribution of the exhaust smoke volume of the electrolytic cell according to the cathode roasting exhaust period of the electrolytic cell.

Before the roasting start operation of the integrally-formed cathode aluminum electrolytic cell, the top regulating valve 6 of the interface of the top exhaust hood 1 is firstly regulated to ensure that the exhaust amount of each top exhaust hood 1 is uniform, the top regulating valve 6 is fixed, when the roasting start operation is carried out, the side regulating valve 5 at the tail end of the side air suction hood 3 is closed, the exhaust regulating valve 7 at the tail end of the exhaust pipe 2 is opened, when the roasting enters a bottom cathode temperature rise stage, the side regulating valve 5 at the tail end of the side air suction hood 3 is gradually opened, the development angle of the exhaust regulating valve 7 is gradually regulated to be smaller, and the balance of exhaust of the top and the side of the aluminum electrolytic cell 10 is maintained. The scheme solves the environmental problem that smoke escape pollutes production and life of people in the roasting process of the integrally formed aluminum electrolytic cell, realizes the aims of labor protection and environmental protection, and simultaneously solves the problems of uneven smoke discharge in different periods and uneven smoke discharge in different distances under the long-distance condition.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.