阅读说明：本技术 一种开挖直径可调的盾构刀盘及其调控方法 (Shield cutter head with adjustable excavation diameter and adjusting and controlling method thereof ) 是由 裴超 侯建辉 冯欢欢 黎峰 王树英 司景钊 刘辉 杨露伟 王禹 张兵 汪波 王 于 2021-08-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种开挖直径可调的盾构刀盘及其调控方法,涉及盾构机技术领域,包括刀盘,所述刀盘的外壁设置有多组调径刀组,所述刀盘的外壁开设有与调径刀组同数量的径向槽,且多个所述径向槽沿刀盘的径向圆周均匀分布,所述调径刀组包括滑移架,所述滑移架滑动安装于径向槽的内部,所述滑移架的表面滑动安装有多个滑移座,且所述滑移座同步滑动于径向槽的内部。本发明通过控制多个液压推动器同步伸长,对多个滑移座和滑移架进行直径方向上的延伸,即可完成对刀盘开挖的直径调整,利用滑移架对滑移座进行支撑,保证刀盘的稳定性,使一套盾构刀盘可以面对不同隧道直径等级时可重复利用,极大地降低了隧道开挖的成本。(The invention discloses a shield cutter head with an adjustable excavation diameter and a regulation and control method thereof, and relates to the technical field of shield machines. The invention can complete the diameter adjustment of the cutter head excavation by controlling the synchronous extension of the plurality of hydraulic pushers and extending the plurality of sliding seats and the sliding frame in the diameter direction, and the sliding frame is used for supporting the sliding seats, thereby ensuring the stability of the cutter head, enabling a set of shield cutter head to be reusable when facing different tunnel diameter grades, and greatly reducing the cost of tunnel excavation.)

1. The utility model provides a excavation diameter adjustable shield constructs blade disc, includes blade disc (1), its characterized in that: the outer wall of blade disc (1) is provided with the multiunit and transfers footpath knife tackle (2), the outer wall of blade disc (1) seted up with transfer footpath knife tackle (2) radial groove (11) with quantity, and a plurality of radial circumference evenly distributed along blade disc (1) in radial groove (11), transfer footpath knife tackle (2) including sliding frame (21), sliding frame (21) slidable mounting is in the inside in radial groove (11), sliding frame's (21) surface slidable mounting has a plurality of seats (22) that slide, just sliding frame (22) synchronous slip in the inside in radial groove (11), sliding frame (21) are kept away from the outer wall of blade disc (1) center one end and the outer wall of blade disc (22) that slide all install and are transferred footpath tool bit (23), adjacent two are transferred and are all installed hydraulic pressure impeller (24) between footpath tool bit (23), and are close to between the tip inner wall of one seat (22) that slides at blade disc (1) center and radial groove (11) and keep away from blade disc (1) center (11) and center Hydraulic pushers (24) are also arranged between one sliding seat (22) and the sliding frame (21).

2. The adjustable excavation diameter shield cutterhead of claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of blade disc (1) still installs multiunit fixed tool bit (12), and the multiunit fixed tool bit (12) even circumference distributes.

3. The adjustable excavation diameter shield cutterhead of claim 1, wherein: bottom guide slot (211) along cutterhead (1) radial distribution are seted up to the inside of sliding frame (21), every the equal fixedly connected with bottom guide block (222) in bottom of seat (22) that slides, bottom guide block (222) slidable mounting is in the inside of bottom guide slot (211).

4. The adjustable excavation diameter shield cutterhead of claim 1, wherein: side guide slot (111), every have all been seted up to the both sides inner wall of radial groove (11) the equal fixedly connected with side guide block (221) in both sides of seat (22) slide, side guide block (221) slidable mounting is in the inside of side guide slot (111).

5. The adjustable excavation diameter shield cutterhead of claim 1, wherein: the sliding frame (21) and the radial groove (11) and the sliding seat (22) and the sliding frame (21) can be fixed through bolt assemblies.

6. A method for controlling a shield cutterhead 1 with adjustable excavating diameter according to claim 1, which includes the steps of:

step one, variable magnitude order establishment is carried out, after the minimum excavation diameter is determined according to the design requirement of a shield cutter head (1), the quantity of hydraulic pushers (24) in a diameter adjusting cutter group (2) in the same diameter direction is distributed, ten groups of hydraulic pushers (24) are arranged on the same diameter, namely four groups of sliding seats (22) are arranged on the outer side of each sliding frame (21);

step two, diameter adjustment distribution calculation is carried out, when all the sliding seats (22) are completely contracted to the minimum, the overall excavation diameter of the cutter head (1) is the minimum, when the excavation diameter of the cutter head (1) needs to be adjusted, the excavation diameter is divided into ten parts and then falls on each hydraulic pusher (24), and equivalent length extension control is carried out on each hydraulic pusher (24) respectively, so that the excavation diameter of the cutter head (1) can be expanded integrally;

step three, uniformly distributing and regulating the cutter heads, and during actual regulation, regulating a specified distance for half of the hydraulic pushers (24) distributed at intervals in the multiple groups of diameter regulating cutter sets (2) to completely expand the overall excavation diameter of the cutter head 1, and regulating the hydraulic pushers (24) in the other groups of diameter regulating cutter sets (2) according to a half of the specified distance, so that the positions of the cutter heads at two groups at intervals can be in cross complementation;

and step four, integrally transforming, namely transforming the shield shell and other related connecting systems after the diameter of the cutter head (1) is adjusted, so that the shield cutter head (1) and other matched systems can be repeatedly used, and the method can adapt to new tunnel engineering construction and tunnel excavation.

7. The method for regulating and controlling the shield cutterhead with adjustable excavation diameter according to claim 6, wherein: the maximum elongation of each hydraulic pusher (24) is set to be 10cm, and then each diameter adjusting cutter group (2) can increase the diameter of the cutter head (1) by 10cm, so that ten-level diameter changing control of increasing the excavation diameter of the cutter head (1) by 1m can be performed in total.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of shield tunneling machines, in particular to a shield tunneling cutter head 1 with an adjustable excavation diameter and a regulating and controlling method thereof.

Background

At present, a plurality of tunnels are arranged in China, but because the country has no relevant standard requirements on the tunnel diameter and the requirements of owners on the tunnel function are slightly different, different requirements are provided for the tunnel diameter. The same type of tunnel has similar function requirements and diameters which are often not very different, and particularly the subway tunnel is obvious. According to the requirements on vehicle types and limits in subway design specifications (GB50157-2013), when the design speed per hour is 80km/h or less, the inner diameters of the sections of the subway shield tunnels are 5.4m and 5.5m, which are main flow sizes. With the continuous development of the industry, tunnel inner diameters with different sizes gradually appear, and the diameters of the tunnel inner diameters are 5.7m, 5.8m and 5.9m, represented by subway shield tunnels in Beijing, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and other regions.

Due to the fact that the inner diameter of the section of the tunnel is changed, the excavation diameter of the existing shield cutter head is fixed and unchanged, and the diameter can not be adjusted, the original shield equipment can not meet the building requirement of a newly-built tunnel, the idleness rate of the shield equipment is as high as about 25%, and the asset depreciation loss is serious.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a shield cutter head with an adjustable excavation diameter and a regulating method thereof, so as to solve the defects in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a shield cutter head with adjustable excavation diameter comprises a cutter head, wherein the outer wall of the cutter head is provided with a plurality of diameter-adjusting cutter groups, the outer wall of the cutter head is provided with radial grooves with the same number as the diameter-adjusting cutter groups, and a plurality of radial grooves are uniformly distributed along the radial circumference of the cutter head, the diameter adjusting cutter set comprises a sliding frame, the sliding frame is arranged in the radial groove in a sliding way, a plurality of sliding seats are arranged on the surface of the sliding frame in a sliding way, the sliding seats synchronously slide in the radial grooves, the outer walls of the sliding frame at one end far away from the center of the cutter head and the outer walls of the sliding seats are provided with diameter-adjusting cutter heads, hydraulic thrusters are arranged between every two adjacent diameter-adjusting cutter heads, and hydraulic pushers are also arranged between one sliding seat close to the center of the cutter head and the inner wall of the end part of the radial groove and between one sliding seat far away from the center of the cutter head and the sliding frame.

Preferably, the outer wall of blade disc still installs the fixed tool bit of multiunit, and the multiunit the even circumference of fixed tool bit distributes.

Preferably, the inside of sliding frame is provided with the bottom guide slot that distributes along the blade disc is radial, every the equal fixedly connected with bottom guide block in bottom of the seat that slides, bottom guide block slidable mounting is in the inside of bottom guide slot.

Preferably, side guide grooves are formed in the inner walls of the two sides of the radial groove, each side guide block is fixedly connected to the two sides of the sliding seat, and the side guide blocks are slidably mounted inside the side guide grooves.

The sliding frame and the radial groove and the sliding seat and the sliding frame can be fixed through bolt assemblies.

A method for regulating and controlling a shield cutter head with an adjustable excavation diameter comprises the following steps:

step one, variable magnitude order establishment, namely, according to the design requirement of a shield cutter head, after the minimum excavation diameter is determined, quantity distribution is carried out on hydraulic pushers in a diameter-adjusting cutter group in the same diameter direction, ten groups of hydraulic pushers are arranged on the same diameter, namely four groups of sliding seats are arranged on the outer side of each sliding frame;

step two, diameter adjustment distribution calculation, wherein when all the sliding seats are completely contracted to the minimum, the overall excavation diameter of the cutter head is the minimum, when the excavation diameter of the cutter head needs to be adjusted, the excavation diameter is divided into ten parts according to the difference value between the excavation diameter required to be adjusted and the minimum excavation diameter of the cutter head, the ten parts fall on each hydraulic pusher, and the equivalent length extension control is respectively carried out on each hydraulic pusher, so that the excavation diameter of the cutter head can be integrally expanded;

step three, uniformly distributing and regulating the cutter heads, and during actual regulation, regulating the specified distance of half of the hydraulic pushers distributed at intervals in the multiple groups of diameter regulating cutter groups to completely expand the overall excavation diameter of the cutter head, and regulating the hydraulic pushers in the rest groups of diameter regulating cutter groups according to half of the specified distance, so that the positions of the cutter heads at two groups at intervals can be in cross complementation;

and step four, integrally transforming, namely transforming the shield shell and other related connecting systems after the diameter of the cutter head is adjusted, so that the shield cutter head and other matched systems can be repeatedly utilized, and the new tunnel engineering construction can be adapted to and the tunnel excavation can be carried out.

Preferably, the maximum elongation of each hydraulic pusher is set to be 10cm, and then each diameter adjusting cutter group can increase the diameter of the cutter head by 10cm, so that ten-level diameter changing control of increasing the excavation diameter of the cutter head 1 by 1m can be performed in total.

In the technical scheme, the invention provides the following technical effects and advantages:

1. the invention controls the synchronous extension of the plurality of hydraulic pushers to extend the plurality of sliding seats and the sliding frame in the diameter direction, the diameter adjustment of the cutterhead excavation can be completed, and the sliding frame is arranged in the radial groove in a sliding way by forming a plurality of radial grooves on the outer wall of the cutterhead, thereby utilizing the sliding frame to carry out sliding support on the sliding seat, when the diameter of the cutter head is adjusted, even if part of the sliding seat moves out of the radial groove, the sliding seat can be effectively supported by the sliding frame, the sliding frame can be stably supported by the radial groove, and the sliding seat which is not moved out can be supported by the sliding frame and the radial groove together, and then guarantee when the blade disc diameter can be regulated and control, also can guarantee the overall stability of blade disc, make one set of shield cutter disc can face different tunnel diameter grades and make reuse, greatly reduced the cost of tunnel excavation.

2. According to the difference value between the excavation diameter required to be adjusted and the minimum diameter of the cutterhead excavation, the hydraulic pushers in the same radial direction are evenly distributed and then fall on each hydraulic pusher, and the equivalent length extension control is respectively carried out on each hydraulic pusher, so that the excavation diameter of the cutterhead can be integrally expanded; meanwhile, the hydraulic pushers in the partial diameter adjusting cutter set are adjusted according to half of the specified distance, so that the positions of the cutter heads at two groups at intervals can be in cross complementation, the uniformity of shield excavation is ensured, the adaptability and the practicability of the shield cutter head are greatly improved, and the use efficiency of the shield cutter head is greatly improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the diameter expansion of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a partial structural sectional view of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a cutter head 1; 11. a radial slot; 111. a side guide groove; 12. fixing a cutter head; 2. a diameter adjusting cutter set; 21. a sliding frame; 211. a bottom channel guide; 22. a sliding seat; 221. a side guide block; 222. a bottom guide block; 23. a diameter-adjusting tool bit; 24. and a hydraulic pusher.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, those skilled in the art will now describe the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention provides a shield cutter head with adjustable excavation diameter as shown in figures 1-3, which comprises a cutter head 1, wherein the outer wall of the cutter head 1 is provided with a plurality of groups of diameter adjusting cutter sets 2, the outer wall of the cutter head 1 is provided with radial grooves 11 with the same number as the diameter adjusting cutter sets 2, the radial grooves 11 are uniformly distributed along the radial circumference of the cutter head 1, each diameter adjusting cutter set 2 comprises a sliding frame 21, the sliding frames 21 are slidably arranged in the radial grooves 11, a plurality of sliding seats 22 are slidably arranged on the surface of each sliding frame 21, the sliding seats 22 synchronously slide in the radial grooves 11, diameter adjusting cutter heads 23 are arranged on the outer wall of one end, far away from the center of the cutter head 1, of each sliding frame 21 and on the outer walls of the plurality of sliding seats 22, hydraulic pushers 24 are arranged between two adjacent diameter adjusting cutter heads 23, and a sliding seat 22 close to the center of the cutter head 1 is arranged between the inner wall of the end part of the radial groove 11, and a sliding seat 22 far away from the center of the cutter head 1 is arranged between the sliding seat 21 and the sliding frame 21 Hydraulic pushers 24 are also installed;

further, in the above technical scheme, a plurality of groups of fixed cutter heads 12 are further mounted on the outer wall of the cutter head 1, and the plurality of groups of fixed cutter heads 12 are uniformly distributed circumferentially, so that the excavation performance of the shield cutter head 1 is improved;

further, in the above technical solution, the inside of the sliding frame 21 is provided with bottom guide grooves 211 radially distributed along the cutter head 1, the bottom of each sliding seat 22 is fixedly connected with a bottom guide block 222, and the bottom guide block 222 is slidably mounted inside the bottom guide groove 211, so as to ensure stable support of each sliding seat 22;

further, in the above technical scheme, side guide grooves 111 have all been seted up to the both sides inner wall of radial groove 11, every the both sides of seat 22 that slides all fixedly connected with side guide block 221, side guide block 221 slidable mounting is in the inside of side guide groove 111, further improves the supporting effect to partial seat 22 that slides.

Further, in the above technical scheme, the sliding frame 21 and the radial groove 11 and the sliding seat 22 and the sliding frame 21 can be fixed by bolt assemblies, so that the adjusted sliding frame 21 and the adjusted sliding seat 22 are fastened and installed by auxiliary bolt assemblies before excavation, and the overall stability of the cutter head 1 is ensured.

A method for regulating and controlling a shield cutter head with an adjustable excavation diameter comprises the following steps:

step one, variable order of magnitude is established, after the minimum excavation diameter is determined according to the design requirement of the shield cutter head 1, the quantity of hydraulic pushers 24 in the diameter adjusting cutter group 2 in the same diameter direction is distributed, ten groups of hydraulic pushers 24 are arranged on the same diameter, namely four groups of sliding seats 22 are arranged on the outer side of each sliding frame 21;

step two, diameter adjustment distribution calculation, wherein when all the sliding seats 22 are contracted to the minimum, the overall excavation diameter of the cutter head 1 is the minimum, when the excavation diameter of the cutter head 1 needs to be adjusted, the excavation diameter is divided into ten parts and then falls on each hydraulic pusher 24 according to the difference value between the excavation diameter required to be adjusted and the minimum excavation diameter of the cutter head 1, and the equivalent length extension control is respectively carried out on each hydraulic pusher 24, so that the overall excavation diameter of the cutter head 1 can be enlarged;

step three, uniformly distributing and regulating the tool bits, and during actual regulation, regulating the specified distance of half of the hydraulic pushers 24 distributed at intervals in the multiple groups of diameter regulating tool sets 2 to completely expand the overall excavation diameter of the cutterhead 1, and regulating the hydraulic pushers 24 in the rest groups of diameter regulating tool sets 2 according to the half of the specified distance, so that the positions of the tool bits at two groups at intervals can be in cross complementation;

step four, overall transformation, after the diameter of the cutter head 1 is adjusted, the shield shell and other related connecting systems are transformed, so that the shield cutter head 1 and other matched systems can be repeatedly utilized, and the new tunnel engineering construction can be adapted to and tunnel excavation can be carried out;

further, in the above technical solution, the maximum elongation of each hydraulic pusher 24 is set to 10cm, and then each diameter adjusting cutter group 2 can increase the diameter of the cutter head 1 by 10cm, and in total, ten-level diameter changing control of increasing the excavation diameter of the cutter head 1 by 1m can be performed, the diameter variable range is 1m, for example, 5-6m, 6-7m, and 7-8m, and the ten-level diameter changing is performed by taking each 10cm as a diameter, for example, 6m, 6.1m, 6.2m,. once, 6.8m, 6.9m, and 7 m;

the implementation mode is specifically as follows: the outer wall of the cutter head 1 is provided with the plurality of radial grooves 11, so that the sliding frame 21 is slidably arranged in the radial grooves 11, the sliding frame 21 is utilized to slidably support the sliding seat 22, when the diameter of the cutter head 1 is adjusted, even if part of the sliding seat 22 moves out of the radial grooves 11, the sliding frame 21 can be effectively supported, the sliding frame 21 can be stably supported by the radial grooves 11, the sliding seat 22 which is not moved out can be supported by the sliding frame 21 and the radial grooves 11 together, ten groups of hydraulic pushers 24 are arranged in the same diameter direction, the hydraulic pushers 24 fall on each hydraulic pusher 24 after ten equal divisions according to the difference value between the excavation diameter required to be adjusted and the minimum excavation diameter of the cutter head 1, and the length of each hydraulic pusher 24 is respectively controlled to be extended, so that the excavation diameter of the cutter head 1 can be integrally expanded by the same amount; meanwhile, the hydraulic pushers 24 in the partial diameter adjusting cutter group 2 are adjusted according to half of the specified distance, so that the positions of the cutter heads at two groups at intervals can be in cross complementation, the uniformity of shield excavation is ensured, the adaptability and the practicability of the use of the shield cutter head 1 are greatly improved, the use efficiency of the shield cutter head 1 is greatly improved, one set of shield cutter head 1 can be reused in the face of different tunnel diameter grades, and the cost of tunnel excavation is greatly reduced.

While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.