阅读说明：本技术 一种柔性接顶临时支护装置及其使用方法 (Flexible roof-contacting temporary supporting device and using method thereof ) 是由 申海生 柏建彪 安瑞廷 李斌 王再峰 赵嘉鑫 赵春洲 赵祥岍 宋小伟 郝立宾 张 于 2021-06-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种柔性接顶临时支护装置及其使用方法,该装置包括固定在掘进机上的伸缩臂,伸缩臂上铰接副臂,副臂与伸缩臂之间铰接有副臂控制缸,副臂远离伸缩臂的一端连接有支护系统,支护系统包括支撑系统和顶梁系统,支撑系统包括与副臂端部转动连接的支撑缸,支撑缸的上下两端分别设有上伸缩节和下伸缩节,上伸缩节顶部固定有支撑盘,支撑盘上设有控制顶梁展开与合并的支撑系统；顶梁上还设有气囊保护系统和用于维持顶梁展开幅度的起吊系统,其灵活性好、角度可调节性高,对顶板适应性强,能够实现巷道掘进与永久支护之间的协调。(The invention discloses a flexible roof-contacting temporary support device and a use method thereof, wherein the device comprises a telescopic arm fixed on a tunneling machine, a sub-arm is hinged on the telescopic arm, a sub-arm control cylinder is hinged between the sub-arm and the telescopic arm, one end of the sub-arm far away from the telescopic arm is connected with a support system, the support system comprises a support system and a top beam system, the support system comprises a support cylinder rotatably connected with the end part of the sub-arm, the upper end and the lower end of the support cylinder are respectively provided with an upper telescopic joint and a lower telescopic joint, the top of the upper telescopic joint is fixed with a support disc, and the support disc is provided with a support system for controlling the top beam to expand and combine; the top beam is also provided with an air bag protection system and a hoisting system for maintaining the unfolding amplitude of the top beam, so that the flexibility is good, the angle adjustability is high, the adaptability to the top plate is strong, and the coordination between roadway excavation and permanent support can be realized.)

1. A flexible roof-contacting temporary supporting device is characterized by comprising a telescopic arm (1) fixed on a heading machine, the telescopic boom (1) is hinged with an auxiliary boom (2), an auxiliary boom control cylinder (9) is hinged between the auxiliary boom (2) and the telescopic boom (1), one end of the auxiliary arm (2) far away from the telescopic arm (1) is connected with a supporting system, the supporting system comprises a supporting system and a top beam system, the supporting system comprises a supporting cylinder (3) which is rotationally connected with the end part of the auxiliary arm (2), the auxiliary arm (2) is also provided with a transmission system for controlling the rotation of the supporting cylinder (3), the upper end and the lower end of the supporting cylinder (3) are respectively provided with an upper telescopic joint (3-2) and a lower telescopic joint (3-1), a supporting disc (3-4) is fixed at the top of the upper expansion joint (3-2), and a supporting system for controlling the top beam (4) to expand and combine is arranged on the supporting disc (3-4); the telescopic boom is characterized in that the top beam (4) is also provided with an air bag protection system and a hoisting system for maintaining the unfolded state of the top beam (4), and the telescopic boom (1), the auxiliary boom control cylinder (9), the supporting cylinder (3), the extending cylinder (3-3) and the hoisting system are respectively in oil connection with a hydraulic station on the heading machine.

2. The flexible roof-contacting temporary support device according to claim 1, wherein the transmission system comprises a driving machine (7) fixed on the auxiliary boom (2) and circumferential teeth fixed on the outer wall of the supporting cylinder (3) in an embedded mode, an output shaft of the driving machine (7) is in transmission connection with the circumferential teeth through a belt (8), and the driving machine (7) is electrically connected with a power supply on the tunneling machine.

3. The flexible roof temporary support device according to claim 1, wherein the hoisting system comprises a plurality of motors uniformly distributed at the bottom of the rotating shaft (6), a winch is arranged at the output end of each motor, a steel cable (4-2) is wound on each winch, two ends of each steel cable (4-2) are respectively fixed with one ends of the two supporting plates (4-1) far away from the rotating shaft (6), and each motor is electrically connected with a power supply on the heading machine.

4. A flexible roof-contacting temporary support device according to claim 3, wherein the air bag protection system comprises a plurality of air bags (5) fixedly arranged on the support plate (4-1), and the air bags (5) are respectively communicated with an air pump on the heading machine through air pipes (51).

5. A flexible roof-connecting temporary support means according to claim 4, characterized in that said air-bag (5) has a maximum support height of 30 cm and a maximum support strength of 25 MPa.

6. A flexible temporary supporting device for roof-contacted piles as claimed in claim 4, wherein said top of said rotary shaft (6) and the upper end surface of said supporting plate (4-1) are provided with distance measuring instruments.

7. A flexible temporary roof-contacting support device according to claim 6, wherein the supporting disk (3-4) is hinged with two coplanar and symmetrically arranged extending cylinders (3-3), the supporting disk (3-4) is provided with a top beam (4) above, the top beam (4) comprises a rotating shaft (6), the rotating shaft (6) is hinged with two supporting plates (4-1), and the telescopic ends of the two extending cylinders (3-3) are respectively hinged with the lower end faces of the two supporting plates (4-1).

8. A use method of the flexible roof-contacting temporary support device according to claim 7, is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, controlling the telescopic arm (1) to extend outwards, adjusting the angle of the auxiliary arm (2) through the auxiliary arm control cylinder (9), controlling the support cylinder (3) to rotate through the transmission system, and arranging the support cylinder (3) in the vacancy between the heading machine body and the bucket;

s2, controlling the lower telescopic joint (3-1) of the supporting cylinder (3) to extend until the bottom is touched, but not continuously extending out of the compaction bottom plate;

s3, controlling the upper telescopic joint (3-2) of the supporting cylinder (3) to extend out, and stopping when the distance meter on the rotating shaft (6) displays that the distance between the rotating shaft (6) and the top plate is 10 cm;

s4, controlling the stretching cylinders (3-3) on the two sides to rise, unfolding the two supporting plates (4-1) of the top beam (4) until the two ends of the top beam (4) are connected with each other, and simultaneously controlling the winch to rotate and lengthen the steel cable (4-2) to avoid the influence of the tension of the steel cable (4-2) on the unfolding process of the top beam (4);

s5, controlling the winch to rotate through the motor, and tensioning the steel cable (4-2);

s6, simultaneously inflating the air bag (5) to enable the air bag (5) to be connected with the top, wherein the pressure in the air bag (5) is 5MPa, and providing a downward pressure for the lower telescopic joint (3-1) of the supporting cylinder (3) to compact the bottom plate;

s7, controlling the lower telescopic joint (3-1) of the supporting cylinder (3) to extend again, and compacting the bottom plate by the lower telescopic joint (3-1) of the supporting cylinder (3);

and S8, inflating the air bag (5) again to ensure that the air bag (5) obtains enough pressure for supporting.

9. The use of the flexible roof-contacting temporary support device according to claim 8, wherein in step S4, the distance between the support plate (4-1) and the roof plate is monitored by distance measuring instruments, and when the distance measuring instruments show that the distance is less than 20cm, the unfolding work of the roof beam (4) is completed; if the display distance exceeds 20cm, the extension cylinders (3-3) on the two sides are retracted, the upper expansion joints (3-2) of the support cylinders (3) continue to extend upwards, the distance between the rotating shaft (6) and the top plate is monitored constantly, the lifting is stopped when the rotating shaft rises for a certain distance, the support plates (4-1) on the two sides are unfolded again to measure the distance between the support plate (4-1) and the top plate, and the actions are repeated until the distance between the support plate (4-1) and the top plate is less than 20 cm.

10. The use method of a flexible roof-connecting temporary support device according to claim 7, wherein in step S8, the working pressure in the air bag (5) is not less than 20 MPa.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of flexible roof-contacting temporary supporting devices and using methods thereof, in particular to a flexible roof-contacting temporary supporting device and a using method thereof.

Background

The tunneling of a new roadway cannot be avoided in the coal mine production process, wherein the tunneling and support process is directly related to the safe and efficient production of a mine. The exposed part of the surrounding rock before the permanent support, namely the part of the roadway which is not newly excavated and permanently supported is an empty top area, whether safe operation can be carried out in this range is an important factor which troubles the safety production of coal mines all the time, and whether the excavation and the support can be quickly connected is directly influenced in this range, so that the safety and the stability of the roadway are related.

Aiming at supporting a top plate of a roadway driving empty roof area, the method mainly comprises the following steps: the device comprises an airborne temporary support device, a front canopy temporary support, a self-moving temporary support device and other support forms. The onboard temporary support device can be combined with the tunneling machine, but certain flexibility is lacked, and the structure of the onboard temporary support device easily influences the cutting of the tunneling head on the surrounding rock; the temporary supporting process of the front canopy is complex, and the labor intensity of workers is easily increased; the self-moving temporary supporting device team needs to be equipped with specially-controlled labor personnel, so that the production cost of a mine can be increased, and the rigid top beam has poor top contact performance due to the temporary supporting mode; the angle adjustability is poor, and the adaptability to the roof is poor. Often, the support takes long time, the process is complex, the efficiency is low, and the coordination between the roadway excavation and the permanent support cannot be realized.

And at present, the temporary support of a straight wall semicircular arch roadway tunneling method is limited to a steel arch frame and a single strut, the roof cannot be well connected, and the operation is complex and tedious.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical defects, the invention aims to provide a flexible roof-contacting temporary support device and a using method thereof, which have the advantages of good flexibility, high angle adjustability and strong adaptability to a roof plate and can realize coordination between roadway excavation and permanent support.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a flexible roof-contacting temporary supporting device which comprises a telescopic arm fixed on a tunneling machine, wherein an auxiliary arm is hinged on the telescopic arm, an auxiliary arm control cylinder is hinged between the auxiliary arm and the telescopic arm, one end of the auxiliary arm, which is far away from the telescopic arm, is connected with a supporting system, the supporting system comprises a supporting system and a roof beam system, the supporting system comprises a supporting cylinder which is rotatably connected with the end part of the auxiliary arm, the auxiliary arm is also provided with a transmission system for controlling the rotation of the supporting cylinder, the upper end and the lower end of the supporting cylinder are respectively provided with an upper telescopic joint and a lower telescopic joint, the top of the upper telescopic joint is fixedly provided with a supporting disk, and the supporting disk is provided with a supporting system for controlling the unfolding and combination of a top beam; the telescopic boom, the auxiliary boom control cylinder, the supporting cylinder, the stretching cylinder and the lifting system are respectively in oil connection with a hydraulic station on the heading machine.

Preferably, the transmission system comprises a driving machine fixed on the auxiliary arm and circumferential teeth fixed on the outer wall of the supporting cylinder in an embedded mode, an output shaft of the driving machine is in transmission connection with the circumferential teeth through a belt, and the driving machine is electrically connected with a power supply on the heading machine.

Preferably, the hoisting system comprises a plurality of motors uniformly distributed at the bottom of the rotating shaft, a winch is arranged at the output end of each motor, a steel cable is wound on the winch, two ends of each steel cable are respectively fixed with one ends of the two supporting plates far away from the rotating shaft, and the motors are electrically connected with the power supply of the heading machine.

Preferably, the air bag protection system comprises a plurality of air bags fixedly arranged on the supporting plate, and the air bags are respectively communicated with an air pump on the heading machine through air pipes.

Preferably, the maximum support height of the airbag is centimeter, and the maximum support strength is 25 MPa.

Preferably, the top of the rotating shaft and the upper end face of the supporting plate are both provided with a distance measuring instrument.

Preferably, two extension cylinders which are coplanar and symmetrically arranged are hinged on the supporting disk, a top beam is arranged above the supporting disk, the top beam comprises a rotating shaft, two supporting plates are hinged on the rotating shaft, the telescopic ends of the two extension cylinders are respectively hinged with the lower end faces of the two supporting plates,

the invention also provides a using method of the flexible roof-contacting temporary supporting device, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, controlling the telescopic arm to extend outwards, adjusting the angle of the auxiliary arm through an auxiliary arm control cylinder, and controlling the rotation of a support cylinder through a transmission system, wherein the support cylinder is arranged in a vacancy between the tunneling machine body and the bucket;

s2, controlling the lower telescopic joint of the supporting cylinder to extend until the lower telescopic joint touches the bottom, but does not extend out of the compaction bottom plate continuously;

s3, controlling the upper telescopic joint of the supporting cylinder to extend out, and stopping when the distance meter on the rotating shaft displays that the distance between the rotating shaft and the top plate is 10 cm;

s4, controlling the stretching cylinders on the two sides to rise, stretching the two supporting plates of the top beam until the two ends of the top beam are abutted, and simultaneously controlling the winch to rotate and lengthen the steel cable to avoid the influence of the tension of the steel cable on the stretching process of the top beam;

s5, controlling the rotation of the winch through a motor, and tensioning the steel cable;

s6, simultaneously inflating the air bag to enable the air bag to be connected with the top, wherein the pressure in the air bag is 5MPa, and the air bag provides a downward pressure for the lower telescopic joint compaction bottom plate of the support cylinder;

s7, controlling the lower telescopic joint of the supporting cylinder to extend again to enable the lower telescopic joint of the supporting cylinder to compact the bottom plate;

and S8, inflating the air bag again to ensure that the air bag obtains enough pressure for supporting.

Preferably, in step S4, the distance between the supporting plate and the top plate is monitored by a distance meter, and when the distance meters display that the distance is less than 20cm, the top beam unfolding operation is completed; if the display distance exceeds 20cm, the extension cylinders on the two sides are retracted, the upper expansion joints of the support cylinders continue to extend upwards, the distance between the rotating shaft and the top plate is monitored constantly, the support plates on the two sides stop rising every time the support plates rise for a certain distance, the distance between the support plates and the top plate is measured by expanding the support plates on the two sides again, and the actions are repeated until the distance between the support plates and the top plate is smaller than 20 cm.

Preferably, in step S8, the working pressure in the air bag is not less than 20 MPa.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) the device can move and temporarily support by means of the power of the development machine, so that the labor intensity of workers is greatly reduced;

2) the device has better adaptability of the extension of the top beam to various types of roadways, and for a straight-wall semi-circular arch roadway which is not easy to be abutted, when the top beam is extended to a reasonable position, gas is injected into the gas bag, so that the top abutment is realized well;

3) the device is simple to operate, and a driver of the heading machine can operate the device to temporarily support after heading operation, so that the safety of a temporary support area is ensured.

4) The device does not need to be equipped with professional personnel, and the later maintenance cost is low, and personnel's input is few, has reduced investment cost to a certain extent for the mine.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic position diagram of a flexible roof-contacting temporary support device provided by an embodiment of the invention, which is installed on a heading machine;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a flexible roof-contacting temporary supporting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

description of reference numerals:

1. a telescopic arm; 2. an auxiliary arm; 3. a support cylinder; 3-1, lower telescopic joint; 3-2, an upper expansion joint; 3-3, extending the cylinder; 3-4, a support disc; 4-top beam; 4-1, a support plate; 4-2, steel cable; 5. an air bag; 51. an air tube; 6. a rotating shaft; 7. a driver; 8. a belt; 9. the auxiliary arm controls the cylinder.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the flexible roof-contacting temporary support device comprises a telescopic boom 1 fixed on a heading machine, wherein a sub boom 2 is hinged on the telescopic boom 1, a sub boom control cylinder 9 is hinged between the sub boom 2 and the telescopic boom 1, one end of the sub boom 2, which is far away from the telescopic boom 1, is connected with a support system, the support system comprises a support system and a roof beam system, the support system comprises a support cylinder 3 which is rotatably connected with the end of the sub boom 2, and the sub boom 2 is further provided with a transmission system which controls the support cylinder 3 to rotate;

an upper telescopic joint 3-2 and a lower telescopic joint 3-1 are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the supporting cylinder 3, a supporting plate 3-4 is fixed at the top of the upper telescopic joint 3-2, two coplanar and symmetrically arranged extending cylinders 3-3 are hinged to the supporting plate 3-4, a top beam 4 is arranged above the supporting plate 3-4, the top beam 4 comprises a rotating shaft 6, two supporting plates 4-1 are hinged to the rotating shaft 6, and the telescopic ends of the two extending cylinders 3-3 are respectively hinged to the lower end faces of the two supporting plates 4-1;

the top beam 4 is also provided with an air bag protection system and a hoisting system for maintaining the rotation amplitude of the two support plates 4-1, and the telescopic arm 1, the auxiliary arm control cylinder 9, the support cylinder 3, the extension cylinders 3-3 and the hoisting system are respectively in oil connection with a hydraulic station on the heading machine.

The transmission system comprises a driving machine 7 fixed on the auxiliary arm 2 and annular teeth embedded and fixed on the outer wall of the supporting cylinder 3, and an output shaft of the driving machine 7 is in transmission connection with the annular teeth through a belt 8.

The lifting system comprises a plurality of motors which are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the rotating shaft 6, the output ends of the motors are provided with winches, the winches are wound with steel cables 4-2, two ends of each steel cable 4-2 are respectively fixed with one ends of the two supporting plates 4-1 far away from the rotating shaft 6, and the motors are electrically connected with a power supply on the heading machine.

The air bag protection system comprises a plurality of air bags 5 fixedly arranged on a support plate 4-1, and the air bags 5 are respectively communicated with an air pump on the heading machine through air pipes 51.

And distance measuring instruments are arranged on the top of the rotating shaft 6 and the upper end surface of the supporting plate 4-1.

The maximum supporting height of the air bag 5 is 30 cm, and the maximum supporting strength is 25 MPa.

The embodiment also provides a use method of the flexible roof-contacting temporary supporting device, which specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, controlling the telescopic arm 1 to extend outwards, adjusting the angle of the auxiliary arm 2 through the auxiliary arm control cylinder 9, controlling the support cylinder 3 to rotate through the transmission system, and arranging the support cylinder 3 in the vacancy between the heading machine body and the bucket;

s2, controlling the lower telescopic joint 3-1 of the supporting cylinder 3 to extend until the bottom is touched, but not extending out of the compaction bottom plate continuously;

s3, controlling the upper telescopic joint 3-2 of the supporting cylinder 3 to extend out, and stopping when the distance meter on the rotating shaft 6 displays that the distance between the rotating shaft 6 and the top plate is 10 cm;

s4, controlling the stretching cylinders 3-3 on the two sides to rise, unfolding the two supporting plates 4-1 of the top beam 4 until the two ends of the top beam 4 are connected with the top, and simultaneously controlling the winch to rotate and lengthen the steel cable 4-2 to avoid the influence of the tension of the steel cable 4-2 on the unfolding process of the top beam 4;

monitoring the distance between the support plate 4-1 and the top plate through a distance meter, and finishing the unfolding work of the top beam 4 when the distance meter displays that the distance is less than 20 cm; if the display distance exceeds 20cm, the extension cylinders 3-3 on the two sides are retracted, the upper expansion joints 3-2 of the support cylinders 3 continue to extend upwards, the distance between the rotating shaft 6 and the top plate is monitored constantly, the lifting is stopped when the distance is raised for each section, the support plates 4-1 on the two sides are expanded again to measure the distance between the support plate 4-1 and the top plate, and the actions are repeated until the distance between the support plate 4-1 and the top plate is less than 20 cm; the tension of the steel cable 4-2 is not less than 10 kN; s5, controlling the rotation of the winch through a motor, and tensioning the steel cable 4-2;

s6, simultaneously inflating the air bag 5 to enable the air bag 5 to be connected with the top, wherein the pressure in the air bag 5 is 5MPa, and the pressure provides a downward pressure for the lower telescopic joint 3-1 of the supporting cylinder 3 to compact the bottom plate;

s7, controlling the lower telescopic joint 3-1 of the supporting cylinder 3 to extend again to enable the lower telescopic joint 3-1 of the supporting cylinder 3 to compact the bottom plate;

s8, inflating the air bag 5 again to ensure that the air bag 5 obtains enough pressure for supporting; the working pressure in the air bag 5 is not less than 20 Mpa.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.