阅读说明：本技术 一种新型微波开关 (Novel microwave switch ) 是由 赵鑫 彭清华 苌群峰 张楚贤 郑国龙 李刚 田亚伟 范德楷 于 2020-10-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种新型微波开关。通过在微波开关扼流槽上下布置吸收体防止电磁波在扼流槽附近散射带来的微波参数劣化问题。本发明将定子吸收体与转子吸收体采用垂直方向布置,用以尽可能多的吸收扼流槽带来的散射电磁波。该设计有利于抑制杂波,改变电磁波空间分布。通过布置永磁磁钢调整磁场分布,永磁磁钢与软磁吸收体形成耦合磁路,优化线圈杂散场形成耦合磁路。通过软硬磁交互磁路设计,影响静磁场分布,与恒磁场形成交互磁场,降低损耗,大幅提升了微波开关隔离度。(The invention discloses a novel microwave switch. The problem of microwave parameter degradation caused by the scattering of electromagnetic waves near the choke groove is prevented by arranging absorbers above and below the microwave switch choke groove. The stator absorber and the rotor absorber are arranged in the vertical direction to absorb scattered electromagnetic waves brought by the choke groove as much as possible. The design is beneficial to inhibiting clutter and changing the spatial distribution of electromagnetic waves. The magnetic field distribution is adjusted by arranging the permanent magnet steel, the permanent magnet steel and the soft magnetic absorber form a coupling magnetic circuit, and the stray field of the coil is optimized to form the coupling magnetic circuit. Through the design of the soft and hard magnetic interaction magnetic circuit, the distribution of a static magnetic field is influenced, an interaction magnetic field is formed with the constant magnetic field, the loss is reduced, and the isolation degree of the microwave switch is greatly improved.)

1. A novel microwave switch is characterized by comprising: the microwave switch comprises a rotor (1), a stator (5) and a microwave switch base (3); the rotor (1) is assembled in the cavity (2) of the stator (5), and the base (8) of the stator (5) is fixedly connected with the microwave switch base (3);

four strip-shaped stator absorbers (4) are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the stator cavity (2) at equal intervals, and the direction of each stator absorber (4) is parallel to the axial direction of the rotor (1); four waveguide ports (6) are uniformly distributed on the wall of the stator cavity (2);

the rotor (1) comprises a rotating shaft (12), a locking gear (13), a bearing (14), a choke groove (15) and a rotor absorber (16); the locking gear (13) is fixed at the top of the rotating shaft (12), and a rotor absorber (16), a bearing (14) and a choke groove (15) are arranged outside the rotating shaft (12); the rotor absorption bodies (16) and the choke groove (15) are both of circular structures, the choke groove (15) is arranged between the two rotor absorption bodies (16), and the two bearings (14) are respectively arranged on two sides of the two rotor absorption bodies (16);

the center of the microwave switch base (3) is provided with permanent magnet steel (11) which is matched with the cavity (2) of the stator (5) during assembly, and after the rotor (1), the stator (5) and the microwave switch base (3) are assembled, the choke groove (15) is as high as the waveguide port (6).

2. A novel microwave switch in accordance with claim 1, wherein: a stator fixing screw hole (7) is formed in a base (8) of the stator (5), a base fixing screw hole (9) is formed in the microwave switch base (3), the stator fixing screw hole (7) corresponds to the base fixing screw hole (9) in position, and the base (8) of the stator (5) is fixedly connected with the microwave switch base (3).

3. A novel microwave switch in accordance with claim 1, wherein: according to the axial direction of the rotating shaft (12), the outer side of the rotating shaft (12) is provided with a bearing (14), a rotor absorption body (16), a choke groove (15), the rotor absorption body (16), the bearing (14) and a locking gear (13) from bottom to top in sequence.

4. A novel microwave switch in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the microwave switch base (3) is provided with a positioning pin hole (10), and the stator (5) and the microwave switch base (3) are prevented from sliding relatively through the matching of the positioning pin and the positioning pin hole (10).

5. A novel microwave switch in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnet steel (11) is annular steel, and the easy magnetization axis of the permanent magnet steel (11) is the same as the magnetization direction and is parallel to the axial direction of the rotating shaft (12).

6. A novel microwave switch in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the stator absorber (4) and the rotor absorber (16) are arranged in the vertical direction to form an interactive magnetic field arrangement.

7. A novel microwave switch in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnet steel (11), the stator absorber (4) and the rotor absorber (16) form a soft and hard magnetic interaction magnetic field, and the equivalent magnetic induction intensity of the interaction magnetic field modulates the soft magnetic stray field along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (12).

8. A novel microwave switch in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the rotor absorber (16) is made of the same material as the stator absorber (4), and soft magnetic wave absorbing materials are selected.

9. A novel microwave switch in accordance with claim 8, wherein: the absorbent of the soft magnetic wave-absorbing material is micro-nano iron powder, and the coating agent is aromatic polyamide.

10. A novel microwave switch in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnet steel (11) is made of an aluminum-nickel-cobalt material.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a novel microwave switch, and belongs to the technical field of microwave switches.

Background

The microwave switch has the main functions of switching microwave channels, and backing up a fixed amount of hardware through the switch to realize more connection states. When part of hardware fails, the state of the microwave switch is switched to replace the hardware which is backed up in the system with the failed hardware. The microwave switch is used for backup aiming at products with high failure rate such as a receiver, a high-power amplifier and the like in the repeater system, and the reliability of the system is greatly improved.

The isolation of the microwave switch when switched characterizes the ability to prevent crosstalk between signals. The crosstalk between signals can be effectively prevented by improving the isolation of the microwave switch. Existing microwave switches suppress metal surface currents by introducing a choke groove structure. The electromagnetic wave encounters the discontinuity in the vicinity of the choke groove and is scattered, which leads to a deterioration of the microwave parameters. In order to prevent the problem of microwave parameter degradation caused by the scattering of electromagnetic waves near the choke groove, scattering noise waves are suppressed through the wave-absorbing material. However, the wave-absorbing material belongs to a soft magnetic material, and the introduction of the soft magnetic material can change the spatial magnetic field distribution to form a stray magnetic field, thereby causing the microwave parameters to be degraded. Therefore, it is necessary to suppress stray magnetic fields to reduce the influence of the soft magnetic wave-absorbing material on microwave parameters, thereby improving the performance and reliability of the microwave switch.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the defects of the prior art are overcome, the novel microwave switch is provided, the stray magnetic field can be inhibited to reduce the influence of the soft magnetic wave absorbing material on microwave parameters, and therefore the performance and the reliability of the microwave switch are improved.

The technical solution of the invention is as follows:

a novel microwave switch, comprising: the microwave switch comprises a rotor, a stator and a microwave switch base; the rotor is assembled in the cavity of the stator, and the base of the stator is fixedly connected with the microwave switch base;

four strip-shaped stator absorbers are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the stator cavity at equal intervals, and the direction of the stator absorbers is parallel to the axial direction of the rotor; four waveguide ports are uniformly distributed on the wall of the stator cavity;

the rotor comprises a rotating shaft, a locking gear, a bearing, a choke groove and a rotor absorber; the locking gear is fixed at the top of the rotating shaft, and a rotor absorber, a bearing and a choke groove are arranged outside the rotating shaft; the rotor absorbers and the choke groove are both of circular structures, the choke groove is arranged between the two rotor absorbers, and the two bearings are respectively arranged on the two sides of the two rotor absorbers;

the center of the microwave switch base is provided with permanent magnet steel which is matched with the cavity of the stator during assembly, and after the rotor, the stator and the microwave switch base are assembled, the choke groove is as high as the waveguide port.

Furthermore, a stator fixing screw hole is formed in a base of the stator, a base fixing screw hole is formed in the microwave switch base, the stator fixing screw hole corresponds to the base fixing screw hole in position, and the base of the stator is fixedly connected with the microwave switch base.

Further, according to the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the outer side of the rotating shaft is provided with a bearing, a rotor absorber, a choke groove, a rotor absorber, a bearing and a locking gear from bottom to top in sequence.

Furthermore, a positioning pin hole is formed in the microwave switch base, and the stator and the microwave switch base are prevented from sliding relatively through the matching of the positioning pin and the positioning pin hole.

Furthermore, the permanent magnet steel is annular magnet steel, and the easy magnetization axis of the permanent magnet steel is the same as the magnetization direction and is parallel to the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

Furthermore, the stator absorber and the rotor absorber are arranged in the vertical direction to form an interactive magnetic field arrangement.

Furthermore, the permanent magnet steel, the stator absorber and the rotor absorber form a soft and hard magnetic interaction magnetic field, and the equivalent magnetic induction intensity of the interaction magnetic field modulates the soft magnetic stray field along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

Furthermore, the rotor absorber is made of the same material as the stator absorber, and soft magnetic wave absorbing materials are selected.

Furthermore, the absorbent of the soft magnetic wave-absorbing material is micro-nano iron powder, and the coating agent is aromatic polyamide.

Further, the permanent magnet steel is made of an alnico material.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention inhibits the metal surface current by arranging the choke groove structure and reduces the loss. The soft magnetic absorber can remarkably improve the isolation degree of the microwave switch, prevent microwave signal crosstalk and play a role in inhibiting clutter. Through the magnetic circuit coupling of the soft and hard magnetic materials, the magnetic field distribution change caused by the introduction of the soft magnetic materials is inhibited, the soft magnetic stray field is adjusted, and the loss is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall view of a microwave switch;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a stator;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a microwave switch base;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a rotor.

Wherein: 1-rotor, 2-stator cavity, 3-microwave switch base, 4-stator absorber, 5-stator, 6-waveguide port, 7-stator fixing screw hole, 8-stator base, 9-base fixing screw hole, 10-positioning pin hole, 11-permanent magnet steel, 12-rotating shaft, 13-locking gear, 14-bearing, 15-choke groove and 16-rotor absorber.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention aims to prevent the problem of microwave parameter deterioration caused by the scattering of electromagnetic waves near a choke groove by disposing absorbers (wave-absorbing materials) above and below the choke groove. Because the wave absorber belongs to a soft magnetic material, the soft magnetic material has the characteristics of low coercive force, easy magnetization and the like, and the spatial distribution of a magnetic field is influenced in the process of absorbing and scattering electromagnetic waves, so that a stray magnetic field is formed.

In order to adjust the spatial distribution of the magnetic field, the stator absorber and the rotor absorber are arranged in the vertical direction to absorb the scattered electromagnetic waves brought by the choke groove as much as possible. The design is beneficial to inhibiting clutter and changing the spatial distribution of electromagnetic waves. The magnetic field distribution is adjusted by arranging the permanent magnet steel, the permanent magnet steel and the soft magnetic absorber form a coupling magnetic circuit, and the stray field of the coil is optimized to form the coupling magnetic circuit. Through the design of the soft and hard magnetic interaction magnetic circuit, the distribution of a static magnetic field is influenced, an interaction magnetic field is formed with the constant magnetic field, the loss is reduced, and the isolation degree of the microwave switch is greatly improved.

As shown in fig. 1, the overall outline of the microwave switch of the present invention includes a rotor 1, a stator 5 and a microwave switch base 3. The rotor 5 is fitted in the stator cavity 2. The stator 5 comprises two parts, the upper part is a hollow cylinder structure, and the lower part is a base 8. The base 8 of the stator 5 is provided with a stator fixing screw hole 7, the microwave switch base 3 is provided with a base fixing screw hole 9, the positions of the stator fixing screw hole 7 and the base fixing screw hole 9 are corresponding, and the base 8 of the stator 5 is fixedly connected with the microwave switch base 3.

As shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic view of a stator structure, four strip-shaped stator absorbers 4 are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of a stator cavity 2 at equal intervals, and the direction of each stator absorber 4 is parallel to the axial direction of a rotor 1; four waveguide ports 6 are uniformly distributed on the wall of the stator cavity 2; the adjacent two waveguide ports are spaced by 90 degrees. After the rotor 1, the stator 5 and the microwave switch base 3 are assembled, the height of the choke groove 15 is the same as that of the waveguide port 6.

The stator absorber 4 is made of soft magnetic wave absorbing materials, the absorbent is preferably micro-nano iron powder, and the coating agent is preferably aromatic polyamide.

As shown in fig. 3, the microwave switch base is schematically illustrated, and a permanent magnetic steel 11 is disposed at the center of the microwave switch base 3 and is matched with the cavity 2 of the stator 5 during assembly. The microwave switch base 3 is provided with a positioning pin hole 10, and the stator 5 and the microwave switch base 3 are prevented from sliding relatively through the matching of the positioning pin and the positioning pin hole 10.

The permanent magnet steel 11 is an annular steel, and the easy magnetization axis of the permanent magnet steel 11 is the same as the magnetization direction and is parallel to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 12. In order to ensure the mechanical strength of the magnetic steel, it is preferable that the permanent magnetic steel 11 is made of an alnico (Al-Ni-Co) material.

As shown in fig. 4, which is a schematic view of a rotor, the rotor 1 includes a rotating shaft 12, a lock gear 13, a bearing 14, a choke groove 15, and a rotor absorber 16; the locking gear 13 is fixed on the top of the rotating shaft 12, and a rotor absorber 16, a bearing 14 and a choke groove 15 are arranged outside the rotating shaft 12; the rotor absorber 16 and the choke groove 15 are both of an annular structure, the choke groove 15 is provided between the two rotor absorbers 16, and the two bearings 14 are provided on both sides of the two rotor absorbers 16, respectively.

Specifically, the bearing 14, the rotor absorber 16, the choke groove 15, the rotor absorber 16, the bearing 14, and the lock gear 13 are arranged outside the rotating shaft 12 in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 12 in this order from the bottom to the top. The invention prevents the problem of microwave parameter degradation caused by the scattering of electromagnetic waves near the choke groove by arranging the absorbers above and below the choke groove of the microwave switch.

The material of the rotor absorber 16 is the same as that of the stator absorber 4.

The stator absorber 4 and the rotor absorber 16 are arranged in a vertical direction to form an alternating magnetic field arrangement. The stator absorber and the rotor absorber are arranged in the vertical direction to absorb scattered electromagnetic waves brought by the choke groove as much as possible. The design is beneficial to inhibiting clutter and changing the spatial distribution of electromagnetic waves.

The permanent magnet steel 11, the stator absorber 4 and the rotor absorber 16 form a soft and hard magnetic interaction magnetic field, and the equivalent magnetic induction intensity of the interaction magnetic field modulates the soft magnetic stray field along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 12. The magnetic field distribution is adjusted by arranging the permanent magnet steel, the permanent magnet steel and the soft magnetic absorber form a coupling magnetic circuit, and the stray field of the coil is optimized to form the coupling magnetic circuit. Through the design of the soft and hard magnetic interaction magnetic circuit, the distribution of a static magnetic field is influenced, an interaction magnetic field is formed with the constant magnetic field, the loss is reduced, and the isolation degree of the microwave switch is greatly improved.

The embodiment of the invention is given as follows:

the microwave switch obtained according to the microwave switch structure scheme of the invention has excellent performance measured, and the performance is compared with the performance of the traditional microwave switch as follows:

the comparison of the table data shows that the microwave switch provided by the invention has significantly better performance in three aspects of voltage standing wave ratio, insertion loss and isolation than the traditional scheme.