Method for extracting majoram essential oil by salting out-steam distillation method
阅读说明：本技术 一种盐析-水蒸气蒸馏法提取马约兰精油的方法 (Method for extracting majoram essential oil by salting out-steam distillation method ) 是由 朱学伸 赵雯雯 郑晶晶 刘少华 丁正峰 张宁玥 于 2020-11-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种具有抗氧化能力的马约兰精油的制备方法,其特征在于,所述工艺包括以下步骤：步骤一,称量材料并浸泡；步骤二,水蒸气蒸馏；步骤三,称重保存；步骤四,计算提取率。本发明使用提取溶剂为蒸馏水和氯化钠,材料易得且成本低。通过分析其抗氧化能力,抗氧化性的测定结果表明马约兰精油和Vc都具有良好的抗氧化性,并且它们在各自适宜的浓度范围内随着各自浓度的增加抗氧化的效果越好。(The invention relates to a preparation method of majoram essential oil with antioxidant capacity, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: step one, weighing and soaking materials; step two, steam distillation; step three, weighing and storing; and step four, calculating the extraction rate. The invention uses the extraction solvent of distilled water and sodium chloride, and has the advantages of easily obtained materials and low cost. The antioxidant capacity of the majoram essential oil is analyzed, and the antioxidant measurement result shows that the majoram essential oil and Vc have good antioxidant capacity, and the antioxidant effect of the majoram essential oil and the Vc is better along with the increase of the respective concentration in the respective proper concentration range.)
1. A preparation method of Majorana Hortensis essential oil with antioxidant capacity is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, weighing and soaking materials;
step two, steam distillation;
step three, weighing and storing;
and step four, calculating the extraction rate.
2. The method for preparing majoram essential oil with antioxidant capacity according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the materials are weighed and soaked, specifically, the dry orange peel is crushed by a blender to obtain dry orange peel powder, and the dry orange peel powder is weighed and soaked in NaCl solution.
3. The method for preparing macyodendron rupestris essential oil having antioxidant ability according to claim 2, wherein in the first step, the concentration of the NaCl solution is 1mg/mL, and the soaking time is 1 h.
4. The method for preparing macyodendron rupestris essential oil with antioxidant capacity according to claim 1, wherein the step 2) is steam distillation, and the method comprises the following specific steps: introducing condensed water into a condenser of a distillation device, adjusting the firepower, and starting distillation, wherein the distillation temperature is 85 ℃; the distillate was taken up by an essential oil separator and distilled until the remaining NaCl solution in the distillation apparatus just submerged the crushed leaves of marjoram.
5. The method for preparing majoram essential oil with antioxidant capacity according to claim 1, wherein the step 3) is weighing and storing, specifically, the essential oil on the liquid level in the essential oil separator is sucked out by a pipette gun and is filled into a weighed centrifuge tube, the weighed centrifuge tube is weighed again to record the mass of the essential oil, and finally, the centrifuge tube filled with the essential oil is wrapped by tin foil paper and is stored at room temperature.
6. The method for preparing macyodendron rupestris essential oil having antioxidant ability according to claim 1, wherein the step 4) calculates an extraction rate: the extraction rate was calculated using this formula: extraction rate (X) = mass of obtained essential oil (mg)/mass of crushed stem and leaf of dried majoram (g).
7. The method for preparing macyodendron rupestris essential oil with antioxidant capacity according to claim 1, wherein the liquid-to-material ratio in the step 2) is 17: 1.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of natural product extraction, in particular to a method for extracting majoram essential oil by a salting-out-steam distillation method.
Background
Majolan (Origanum majorana), also known as oregano and marjoram, is a perennial or annual plant of the genus Origanum of the family Labiatae. The whole plant emits mild spicy fragrance with bitter drug fragrance, and the plant is an excellent honey source plant. Adult plants are about 60cm high, small clumps; the leaves are green, the two sides of the leaves are provided with villi, the leaves are in an inverted water drop shape, and the length of the leaves is about 2.5 cm; the stem is green and slightly reddish; flowers are purplish and white, grow in clusters at the head of each stem, and are very pleasing to the eye. The Majorana nakai is suitable for growing in neutral sandy soil, prefers an environment with sufficient sunlight, is not cold-resistant and is suitable for cold and cool climates, and has strong fertility and vitality. Mediterranean coasts, west-west islands and turkeys are their origin and are now mainly grown in france, germany, italy; in China, the Majorana resource is mainly wild, and large-scale artificial breeding is not carried out. In Greek myth, Majorana, Africa, Deverdit, especially likes this herb, Majorana, while in Roman myth, Majorana, is a special flower of sacrifice, love, and Venus, which represents love, honor, and reproduction. So in the traditional wedding of greeks and romans they would wear majorana corolla on the head of a new married couple, symbolizing happiness and praying for pleasure; in modern times, the vanilla plant, Majolan, is used in many fields such as food, medicine, daily use chemicals and gardens, and has wide application space and great development value.
The extraction method of essential oil can be divided into traditional extraction method and novel extraction method. The traditional extraction method comprises an extrusion method, an absorption method, a steam distillation method and an organic solvent extraction method, and the novel plant essential oil extraction method mainly comprises an ultrasonic auxiliary extraction method, a microwave extraction method, a subcritical water extraction method, a supercritical CO2 fluid extraction method, a simultaneous distillation extraction method, molecular distillation and a biological enzyme preparation auxiliary extraction method. The essential oil extracted by the steam distillation method used in the experiment has the advantages of no organic solvent residue and good safety, and in addition, a proper amount of inorganic salts are added into water, so that the extraction rate of the essential oil can be improved. The steam distillation method adopts water as extraction medium according to Dalton's law, and comprises directly or indirectly mixing plant material and water for heating, distilling out essential oil components in plant with steam, condensing to obtain distillate, and performing water-oil separation to the distillate to obtain essential oil components.
The Majora essential oil is a faint yellow essential oil with aromatic odor, has oxidation resistance, and can be used as a natural antioxidant. At present, related research reports about the majoram oil are few, and after other documents of numerous plant essential oil extraction are referred, the majoram oil is extracted by adopting a salting-out steam distillation method, the extraction rate of the majoram oil is taken as a basis, on the basis of single-factor (liquid-material ratio, concentration of NaCl solution and soaking time) experimental design and analysis, the extraction process conditions of the majoram oil are optimized by a 3-factor 3-level orthogonal test method, and the oxidation resistance of the majoram oil is measured by a DPPH method, so that a scientific basis is laid for further development and utilization of the majoram oil. .
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a method for extracting majoram essential oil by a salting-out-steam distillation method,
a method for extracting majoram essential oil by salting out-steam distillation, the process comprising the steps of:
extraction of essential oil of Majorana
Step 1) weighing and soaking the materials
Step 2) steam distillation
Step 3) weighing and storing
Step 4) calculating the extraction rate
As an improvement of the invention, for the step 1), the materials are weighed and soaked, and the specific steps are as follows: weighing a certain amount of NaCl by using an electronic balance, adding the NaCl into a distillation device, weighing distilled water by using a measuring cylinder, adding the distilled water into the distillation device, stirring by using a glass rod until the NaCl is fully dissolved, and finally soaking 400g of the dried crushed leaves of the Majora mazeri weighed by using the electronic balance into a NaCl solution for a period of time.
As an improvement of the invention, for the steam distillation in the step 2), the following is concrete: introducing condensed water into a condenser of the distillation device, adjusting the firepower, and starting distillation at the distillation temperature of 85 ℃. The distillate was taken up by an essential oil separator and distilled until the remaining NaCl solution in the distillation apparatus just submerged the crushed leaves of marjoram.
As an improvement of the invention, for the step 3), weighing and storing are specifically as follows: and (4) sucking out the essential oil on the liquid surface in the essential oil separator by using a pipette, weighing, recording, and placing in a centrifuge tube to be sealed and stored in a dark place.
As an improvement of the present invention, for step 4), the extraction rate is calculated as follows: the extraction rate was calculated using this formula: extraction rate (X) = mass of obtained essential oil (mg)/mass of crushed stem and leaf of dried majoram (g).
As an improvement of the invention, the liquid-to-material ratio in the step 2) is 17:1, the concentration of NaCl solution is 1mg/mL, the soaking time is 1h, and the extraction rate under the extraction condition reaches 0.698 mg/g.
The majoram essential oil is a transparent yellow oily liquid with a smooth touch and a fresh herbal fragrance.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: 1) the technical scheme is that the raw material is Majolan, the extraction process is a salting-out-steam distillation method, the working principle is that water is used as an extraction medium according to the Dalton law, plant materials and the water are directly or indirectly mixed and heated, essential oil components in plant bodies usually have volatility and can be distilled off along with the steam, distillate is obtained through a condensing device, and then the collected distillate is subjected to water-oil separation to obtain the essential oil components.
2) The scheme uses the extraction solvents of distilled water and sodium chloride, and has the advantages of easily obtained materials and low cost.
3) The establishment of the optimal conditions extracted by the scheme is based on a single-factor experiment and is obtained by optimizing a 3-factor 3 horizontal orthogonal experiment: the liquid-material ratio is 17:1, the concentration of NaCl solution is 1mg/mL, the soaking time is 1h, and the extraction rate under the extraction condition reaches 0.698 mg/g. 4) The antioxidant capacity of the majoram essential oil is analyzed, and the antioxidant measurement result shows that the majoram essential oil and Vc have good antioxidant capacity, and the antioxidant effect of the majoram essential oil and the Vc is better along with the increase of the respective concentration in the respective proper concentration range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 Effect of NaCl solution concentration on the extraction yield of Majora essential oil.
Figure 2 effect of soaking time on the extraction rate of majoram's essential oil.
Figure 3 effect of liquid to liquid ratio on extraction of majoram essential oil.
FIG. 4 shows the clearance of DPPH free radicals by Vc and Majora oil extracted by salting out-steam distillation.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of enhancing an understanding of the present invention, the present embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
A salting-out-steam distillation method for extracting essential oil and a process for detecting the antioxidant activity of the essential oil comprise the following steps:
extraction of essential oil of Majorana
Step 1) weighing and soaking materials: weighing a certain amount of NaCl by using an electronic balance, adding the NaCl into a distillation device, weighing distilled water by using a measuring cylinder, adding the distilled water into the distillation device, stirring by using a glass rod until the NaCl is fully dissolved, and finally soaking 400g of the dried crushed leaves of the Majora mazeri weighed by using the electronic balance into a NaCl solution for a period of time.
Step 2) steam distillation: introducing condensed water into a condenser of the distillation device, adjusting the firepower, and starting distillation at the distillation temperature of 85 ℃. The distillate was taken up by an essential oil separator and distilled until the remaining NaCl solution in the distillation apparatus just failed to dry the comminuted leaves of macjoram. .
Step 3), weighing and storing: and (4) sucking out the essential oil on the liquid surface in the essential oil separator by using a pipette, weighing, recording, and placing in a centrifuge tube to be sealed and stored in a dark place.
Step 4), calculating the extraction rate: the extraction rate was calculated using this formula: extraction rate (X) = mass of obtained essential oil (mg)/mass of crushed stem and leaf of dried majoram (g).
The liquid-material ratio in the step 2) is 17:1, the concentration of NaCl solution is 1mg/mL, the soaking time is 1h, and the extraction rate under the extraction condition reaches 0.698 mg/g.
(II) measurement of Oxidation resistance
(1) Preparation of sample solution to be tested
1) The preparation method of the DPPH-absolute ethyl alcohol reagent comprises the following steps of weighing 0.002mg of DPPH by an electronic balance, placing the DPPH in a beaker, adding a small amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring by a glass rod to dissolve the absolute ethyl alcohol, placing the solution in a 25mL volumetric flask, adding absolute ethyl alcohol to a constant volume to a scale mark to obtain DPPH-ethyl alcohol solution with the concentration of 2 x 10-4And (3) mol/L, putting the mixture into a 50mL centrifuge tube, wrapping with tin foil paper, and storing the wrapped mixture in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for later use.
2) Preparing a background light absorption value sample solution of the DPPH-absolute ethyl alcohol reagent, specifically, using a pipette to suck 2mL of the DPPH-absolute ethyl alcohol solution prepared in the step 1), adding samples according to the table 1, shaking up, and placing the samples for 30min in a dark place at room temperature.
TABLE 1 DPPH Oxidation determination of McLane essential oil antioxidant Capacity sample addition Table (/ mL)
Numbering
Sample solution
Anhydrous ethanol
DPPH-ethanol solution
Distilled water
A2 0.0
0.0
2.0
2.0
A1 1.5
0.0
2.0
0.5
A0 1.5
2.0
0.0
0.5
3) Preparing a control group Vc free radical removal sample solution, specifically, weighing 1mg, 2mg, 3mg, 4mg and 5mg of Vc respectively, putting the weighed Vc into a 10mL volumetric flask respectively, adding distilled water to a constant volume to prepare a series of concentration gradients of 0.1mg/mL, 0.2mg/mL, 0.3mg/mL, 0.4mg/mL and 0.5mg/mL, adding samples according to the table 2, shaking up, and reacting for 30min in a dark place at room temperature.
4) Preparing a Vc background light absorption value sample solution of a control group, specifically, absorbing 2mL of the DPPH-absolute ethyl alcohol solution prepared in the step 3) by using a pipette gun, adding samples according to the table 1, shaking up, and placing the sample solution for 30min in a dark place at room temperature.
5) Preparing a free radical removing sample solution of the majoram essential oil, specifically, weighing 10mg, 20mg, 30mg, 40mg and 50mg of majoram essential oil respectively, placing the weighed majoram essential oil in a 10mL volumetric flask respectively, fixing the volume by absolute ethyl alcohol, diluting into a series of concentration gradients of 1mg/mL, 2mg/mL, 3mg/mL, 4mg/mL and 5mg/mL, adding the sample according to the table 2, shaking up, and reacting for 30min in a dark place at room temperature.
6) Preparing a sample solution of the majoram essential oil background light absorption value, specifically, respectively sucking the prepared majoram essential oil diluent with the concentration of 1mg/mL, 2mg/mL, 3mg/mL, 4mg/mL and 5mg/mL by using a pipette, adding the sample according to the table 2, shaking up, and placing the majoram essential oil diluent in a dark place for 30min at room temperature.
7) The blank liquid is prepared by sucking 2mL of absolute ethanol and 2mL of distilled water with a pipette, placing the mixture in a test tube, shaking the mixture evenly, placing the mixture in a 5mL centrifuge tube, and placing the centrifuge tube for 30min in the dark at room temperature.
8) And (3) measuring the light absorption value of the sample solution, specifically, using a spectrophotometer, adjusting the wavelength to be 517nm, adding a blank liquid for zero adjustment, sequentially and respectively adding the sample solution to be measured, and measuring the light absorption value.
9) The method for calculating the oxidation resistance is specifically as follows, and the oxidation resistance of the sample is calculated according to the following formula: clearance (%) = [ a2-(A1-A0)]/A2X 100% (wherein A)2Is DPPH-absolute ethanol testBackground absorbance of agent, A1Eliminating the absorbance of a free radical sample solution for an essential oil of Majorana, A0Repeat measurement 3 times for the background absorbance of different concentrations of the sample solution of majoram's essential oil to take the average).
The technical process of the invention is mainly optimized by the following technical scheme:
single factor experimental method and results and analysis
Single factor experimental method:
effect on extraction of Majora essential oil at different liquid-to-material ratios
Accurately weighing 3 parts of 400g of dry Majora japonica crushed leaves, sequentially performing experiments, adding 0.75mg/mL NaCl solution in mass fraction into the dried Majora japonica crushed leaves according to the liquid-material ratio of 14:1, 17:1 and 20:1, soaking for 0.5h, heating and distilling until the residual NaCl solution in a distillation device just falls below the dry Majora japonica crushed leaves, sucking out essential oil on the liquid surface in an essential oil separator by using a liquid-moving gun, filling the essential oil into a weighed centrifuge tube, weighing again to record the mass of the essential oil, finally wrapping the centrifuge tube with tin foil paper for storing at room temperature, calculating the extraction rate of the essential oil, and repeatedly measuring for 3 times to obtain an average value
Effect of salting-out-steam distillation on extraction of Majora essential oil at different NaCl solution concentrations
Accurately weighing 3 parts of 400g of dry Majoram crushed leaves, sequentially performing experiments, respectively adding 0.5mg/mL, 0.75mg/mL and 1mg/mL of NaCl solution according to a liquid-material ratio of 17:1, heating and distilling until the residual NaCl solution in a distillation device just overflows the dry Majoram crushed leaves after soaking for 0.5h, sucking out essential oil on the liquid surface of the liquid in an essential oil separator by using a liquid transfer gun, filling the essential oil in a weighed centrifuge tube, weighing again, recording the mass of the essential oil, finally storing the centrifuge tube filled with the essential oil at room temperature, calculating the extraction rate of the essential oil, and repeatedly measuring for 3 times to obtain an average value.
(3) Salting-out and steam distillation extraction of Majorana essential oil under different soaking time
Accurately weighing 3 parts of 400g of crushed leaves of dried Majoram, sequentially carrying out experiments, adding 0.75mg/mL of NaCl solution according to a liquid-material ratio of 17:1, soaking for 0.5h, 1h and 1.5h respectively, heating and distilling until the residual NaCl solution in a distillation device just falls below the crushed leaves of the dried Majoram, sucking out essential oil on the liquid surface of an essential oil separator by using a liquid transfer gun, filling the essential oil into a weighed centrifuge tube, weighing again to record the mass of the essential oil, wrapping the centrifuge tube filled with the essential oil with tin foil paper, and storing at room temperature to calculate the extraction rate of the essential oil.
Single factor experimental results and analysis:
from the above FIG. 1, we can know the effect of different NaCl solution concentrations on the extraction rate of Majora oil by salting-out-steam distillation under otherwise constant conditions. When the concentration of the NaCl solution is 0.5mg/mL, the extraction rate of the majoram essential oil is 0.048 mg/g; when the concentration of the NaCl solution is 0.75mg/mL, the extraction rate of the majoram essential oil is 0.290 mg/g; the extraction rate of the Majora essential oil is 0.157mg/g when the concentration of the NaCl solution is 1 mg/mL. The concentration of the NaCl solution has obvious influence on the extraction rate of the Majorana oil, the extraction rate of the Majorana oil is increased along with the increase of the concentration of the NaCl solution, and when the concentration of the NaCl solution reaches 0.75mg/mL, the extraction rate of the Majorana oil reaches the maximum value and then is reduced. This is related to the salting-out effect, and after adding a proper amount of NaCl into water, the solubility of the majoram essential oil in water is reduced, so that the extraction rate is increased; however, the added NaCl is too much, the boiling point of the solution is too low, the solution is easy to boil, the distillation is difficult to control, and thus the loss of volatile components in the Majorana oil is increased, and the extraction rate of the Majorana oil is reduced. Therefore, it is preferable to select a NaCl solution concentration of 0.75mg/mL for the salting-out and steam distillation to extract the Majorana oil.
As can be seen from FIG. 2, the effect of different soaking times on the extraction rate of the essential oil of Majora under salting-out steam distillation is observed under otherwise unchanged conditions. When the soaking time is 0.5h, the extraction rate of the majoram essential oil is 0.290 mg/g; when the soaking time is 1h, the extraction rate of the majoram essential oil is 0.313 mg/g; when the soaking time is 1.5h, the extraction rate of the majoram essential oil is 0.191 mg/g. The extraction rate of the macleaya cordata essential oil increases with the increase of the soaking time, and when the soaking time is 1h, the maximum extraction rate of the macleaya cordata essential oil is obtained, and then is reduced. Probably because the essential oil components can be more fully and completely permeated from the crushed leaves of the Majoram within a certain soaking time range along with the increase of the soaking time; however, if the soaking time is too long, the essential oil components may be decomposed and dissolved in water, or the pectin components in the plant material may be dissolved out to generate emulsification, thereby suppressing the evaporation of the volatile components [34], and thus the extraction rate may be lowered. Therefore, it is preferable to select the soaking time of 1 hour for salting out-steam distillation to extract the Majorana oil.
As can be seen from FIG. 3, the effect of different liquid-material ratios on the extraction rate of the Majora oil by salting-out and steam distillation is observed under otherwise unchanged conditions. When the liquid-material ratio is 14:1, the extraction rate of the majoram essential oil is 0.040 mg/g; when the liquid-material ratio is 17:1, the extraction rate of the majoram essential oil is 0.289 mg/g; when the liquid-material ratio is 20:1, the extraction rate of the majoram essential oil is 0.089 mg/g. The extraction rate of the Majorana essential oil is increased and then reduced along with the increase of the liquid-to-liquid ratio, and when the liquid-to-liquid ratio is 17:1, the maximum extraction rate of the Majorana essential oil is obtained and then reduced. The reason is probably that the extraction rate is increased as the extraction agent is increased in the range of suitable liquid-to-material ratio, the Majorana japonica crushing blade is more fully contacted with the extraction agent, and more essential oil components can be dissolved out from the Majorana japonica crushing blade[31](ii) a However, too much extractant may result in increased solubility of the essential oil of Majorana Hortensis in the extractant[32]In addition, the extractant in the distillation device is continuously reduced in the distillation process, and when the extractant is too small, a local overheating phenomenon is generated in the heating process, so that essential oil components are easily damaged and decomposed, and the extraction rate of the essential oil is reduced. Therefore, it is preferable to select a liquid-to-liquid ratio of 17:1 for the salting-out steam distillation to extract the Majorana oil.
Orthogonal experimental design and results and analysis thereof:
on the basis of a single-factor experiment, selecting 3 factors of liquid-material ratio, NaCl solution concentration and soaking time, selecting 3 levels of each factor, and carrying out L on technological parameters of salting-out-steam distillation extraction of Majorana oil9（33) And (5) orthogonal optimization design. The design results are shown in table 1 below. Wherein the horizontal terms are ' 1 ', ' 2 ' and ' 3The secondary represents low, intermediate and high levels.
TABLE 2 three-factor three-water orthogonal experimental design table
Level of
Liquid to feed ratio A
Concentration B of NaCl solution (mg/mL)
Soaking time C (h)
1
14:1
0.50
0.5
2
17:1
0.75
1.0
3
20:1
1.00
1.5
Taking the extraction rate of the majoram essential oil as an evaluation index, and carrying out data analysis on a three-factor three-level orthogonal experimental design table to obtain the extraction condition L of the majoram essential oil9（33) The orthogonal design table is shown in table 2 below. And (4) carrying out 9 groups of experiments in total, sequentially carrying out the experiments according to the running sequence, and measuring the extraction rate of each group of experiments.
TABLE 3 McOne essential oil extraction condition optimization experimental design and results
Numbering
A
B(mg/mL)
C（h）
Extraction ofRate (mg/g)
1
14:1
0.50
0.5
0.102
2
17:1
0.75
0.5
0.287
3
20:1
1.00
0.5
0.242
4
20:1
0.75
1.0
0.448
5
17:1
0.50
1.0
0.555
6
14:1
1.00
1.0
0.362
7
14:1
0.75
1.5
0.264
8
17:1
1.00
1.5
0.676
9
20:1
0.50
1.5
0.008
K1 0.728
0.665
0.631
K2 1.518
0.999
1.365
K3 0.698
1.280
0.948
k1 0.243
0.222
0.210
k2 0.506
0.333
0.455
k3 0.233
0.427
0.316
R
0.273
0.205
0.245
The results of the orthogonal tests are shown in Table 2, and the R values are compared to see that R isA＞RC＞RBTherefore, the influence of various factors on the extraction rate of the majoram essential oil is as follows: a (liquid-material ratio)>C (soak time)>B (concentration of NaCl solution), the liquid-material ratio has significant influence on the extraction of the Majora essential oil, the soaking time has significant influence, and the concentration influence of the NaCl solution is not significant. The extraction of essential oils is favored by process conditions with higher k values, preferably as follows: a (liquid-material ratio) is selected to be a better level A2(ii) a B (concentration of NaCl solution) was selected and comparedGood level B3(ii) a The better level of C (soaking time) is selected2. The optimum extraction process combination for extracting the Majorana oil by salting out-steam distillation is A2B3C2Namely the liquid-material ratio is 17:1, the concentration of NaCl solution is 1mg/mL, and the soaking time is 1 h.
Obtaining the optimal extraction combination scheme A according to the orthogonal test2B3C2A verification experiment is carried out, and the extraction rate of the majoram essential oil is 0.698mg/g and is higher than the highest extraction rate of 0.676mg/g in the table 3.
(II) Majorana oil antioxidant measurement results and analysis
As can be seen from FIG. 4, the clearance of DPPH free radicals by Vc and the essential oil of Majora extracted by salting out-steam distillation. Both Vc and Majorana oil can remove DPPH free radicals, and the removal effect of Vc and Majorana oil is better along with the increase of the concentration of Vc and Majorana oil in the suitable concentration range of each oil. Wherein Vc exhibits greater resistance to oxidation, i.e., the DPPH clearance of Vc is higher than that of Majorana essential oil at the same concentration. But the DPPH clearance of the Majorana oil in the experimental gradient concentration range is up to 76 percent at most.
By studying the single factor experiment, an orthogonal experiment was designed. The influence of three factors of the concentration of the NaCl solution, the soaking time and the material-liquid ratio on the extraction of the Majora essential oil by the salting-out-steam distillation method is analyzed by means of an orthogonal test. According to the analysis result of the orthogonal experiment, the concentration, the soaking time and the material-liquid ratio of the NaCl solution are too low or too high to influence the extraction rate of the essential oil, and the influence of the orthogonal experiment analysis on the extraction rate of the essential oil is shown as follows: liquid-to-material ratio > concentration of NaCl solution > soaking time. In addition, the optimal combination mode of three factors involved in extracting the Majorana oil by a salting-out-steam distillation method is also explored through an orthogonal experimental table, and the correctness of the Majorana oil is verified through experiments.
DPPH is a stable free radical with single electron, and has strong absorption at 517nm wavelength, so that the antioxidant can weaken strong absorption by making the single electron pair, and the measured light absorption value is in quantitative relation with the electron received by the antioxidant, and the antioxidant activity of the sample can be judged according to the light absorption value at 517 nm. The majoram essential oil contains antioxidant active ingredients, can be used as a natural food antioxidant for food processing or making into health food, and has wide application prospect. The oxidation resistance of the Majorana oil extracted by salting out-steam distillation and the positive control Vc is determined by a DPPH method, and the results show that the Majorana oil and the positive control Vc both have oxidation resistance which is positively correlated with the concentration within a certain range. Wherein Vc exhibits greater resistance to oxidation, i.e., the DPPH clearance of Vc is higher than that of Majorana essential oil at the same concentration. But the DPPH clearance of the Majorana oil in the experimental gradient concentration range is up to 76 percent at most.
Generally speaking, the majoram essential oil has antioxidant capacity, can be used as a natural antioxidant, and has certain development prospect. The majoram oil extracted by salting-out-steam distillation has no organic solvent residue and good safety, and is also suitable for being used as a natural food antioxidant to be applied to food processing or made into health food.
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