阅读说明：本技术 一种用于模拟隧道锚杆支护的教学装置 (Teaching device for simulating tunnel anchor bolt support ) 是由 王全银 于 2020-12-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于模拟隧道锚杆支护的教学装置,包括锚杆体,锚杆体的一端设置有垫板,锚杆体靠近垫板的一端贯穿于垫板的对角线交点处并与垫板螺纹连接,锚杆体的外壁螺纹连接有止浆塞,止浆塞靠近垫板的一端与垫板的侧壁相固定,锚杆体靠近垫板的一端螺纹连接有第一螺母,锚杆体靠近第一螺母的一端螺纹连接有偏心螺母,锚杆体靠近偏心螺母的一端螺纹连接有第二螺母；锚杆体远离第二螺母的一端成型有锚头,锚杆体靠近锚头的一端的底部焊接有第一翅板,锚杆体靠近锚头的一端的顶部焊接有第二翅板。本发明易于拆解,教师通过将本装置进行拆解后,便于学生能够更加直观的认识隧道支护使用的锚杆,可以提高教学效果。(The invention discloses a teaching device for simulating tunnel anchor bolt support, which comprises an anchor rod body, wherein one end of the anchor rod body is provided with a backing plate, one end of the anchor rod body, which is close to the backing plate, penetrates through the diagonal intersection of the backing plate and is in threaded connection with the backing plate, the outer wall of the anchor rod body is in threaded connection with a grout stop plug, one end of the grout stop plug, which is close to the backing plate, is fixed with the side wall of the backing plate, one end of the anchor rod body, which is close to the backing plate, is in threaded connection with a first nut, one end of the anchor rod body, which is close to the first nut, is in; an anchor head is formed at one end, far away from the second nut, of the anchor rod body, a first fin plate is welded at the bottom of one end, close to the anchor head, of the anchor rod body, and a second fin plate is welded at the top of one end, close to the anchor head, of the anchor rod body. The device is easy to disassemble, and teachers can conveniently and visually know the anchor rods used for tunnel supporting through disassembling the device, so that the teaching effect can be improved.)

1. A teaching device for simulating tunnel bolting, comprising:

the anchor rod comprises an anchor rod body (1), wherein a base plate (2) is arranged at one end of the anchor rod body (1), one end, close to the base plate (2), of the anchor rod body (1) penetrates through a diagonal intersection of the base plate (2) and is in threaded connection with the base plate (2), a grout stop plug (3) is in threaded connection with the outer wall of the anchor rod body (1), one end, close to the base plate (2), of the grout stop plug (3) is fixed with the side wall of the base plate (2), one end, close to the base plate (2), of the anchor rod body (1) is in threaded connection with a first nut (4), one end, close to the first nut (4), of the anchor rod body (1) is in threaded connection with an eccentric nut (5), and one end, close to the eccentric nut (5), of the anchor rod body;

the one end shaping that second nut (6) were kept away from in stock body (1) has anchor head (7), the bottom welding of the one end that stock body (1) is close to anchor head (7) has first finned plate (10), the top welding of the one end that stock body (1) is close to anchor head (7) has second finned plate (11).

2. A teaching device for simulating tunnel bolting according to claim 1, characterised in that: first guide way (8) have been seted up towards one side of first finned plate (10) at the top of stock body (1), second guide way (9) have been seted up towards one side of second finned plate (11) at the top of stock body (1), the inner chamber sliding connection of first guide way (8) has first guide block (16), the inner chamber sliding connection of second guide way (9) has second guide block (17), be provided with first connecting rod (14) between first finned plate (10) and first guide block (16), be provided with second connecting rod (15) between second finned plate (11) and second guide block (17).

3. A teaching device for simulating tunnel bolting according to claim 2, characterised in that: the welding of the inner wall one end of first fin board (10) has first arc fixture block (12), first arc fixture block (12) are connected with the one end of first guide block (16) through the bolt, the one end and the first guide block (16) bolted connection of first arc fixture block (12) are kept away from in first guide block (16), the welding of the inner wall one end of second fin board (11) has second arc fixture block (13), second arc fixture block (13) are connected with the one end of second connecting rod (15) through the bolt, the one end and the second guide block (17) bolted connection of second arc fixture block (13) are kept away from in second connecting rod (15).

4. A teaching device for simulating tunnel bolting according to claim 3, characterised in that: the first fin plate (10) is arc-surface-shaped, the second fin plate (11) is arc-surface-shaped, and the first fin plate (10) and the second fin plate (11) are symmetrically arranged by taking the anchor rod body (1) as a reference surface.

5. A teaching device for simulating tunnel bolting according to claim 1, characterised in that: the anchor head (7) is conical.

6. A teaching device for simulating tunnel bolting according to claim 1, characterised in that: the circle center vertical line of the threaded hole of the first nut (4) and the circle center vertical line of the threaded hole of the eccentric nut (5) are not in the same straight line.

7. A teaching device for simulating tunnel bolting according to claim 6, characterised in that: the circle center vertical line of the threaded hole of the eccentric nut (5) and the circle center vertical line of the threaded hole of the second nut (6) are not in the same straight line.

8. A teaching device for simulating tunnel bolting according to claim 6, characterised in that: the circle center vertical line of the threaded hole of the first nut (4) and the circle center vertical line of the threaded hole of the second nut (6) are the same straight line.

9. A teaching device for simulating tunnel bolting according to claim 7, characterised in that: the center of the threaded hole of the eccentric nut (5) is eccentric with the diagonal intersection of the eccentric nut (5).

10. A teaching device for simulating tunnel bolting according to claim 4, characterised in that: the length of the anchor rod body (1) is ten centimeters.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of teaching aids, in particular to a teaching device for simulating tunnel anchor rod support.

Background

In the tunnel engineering specialty course of university, general condition is mostly theory and actual combination, and the teaching aid of teaching can make the theory turn into one of the mode of actual experience, when teacher's course needs the stock support chapter in explanation tunnel, need use the teaching aid to make the audio-visual impression of student. Under the prerequisite that lacks teaching aid teaching, the student is difficult to the concrete structure of abundant understanding anchor rod in tunnel and how to strut fixedly, leads to the teaching effect not good, for this reason, provides a teaching device for simulating tunnel anchor rod and strut.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a teaching device for simulating tunnel anchor rod support, which is convenient for students to know an anchor rod used for tunnel support more intuitively and understand the process of how the anchor rod supports the inner wall of a tunnel support in an anti-falling way, and can improve the teaching effect so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a teaching device for simulating tunnel bolting comprising:

the anchor rod comprises an anchor rod body, wherein a base plate is arranged at one end of the anchor rod body, which is close to the base plate, penetrates through the diagonal intersection of the base plate and is in threaded connection with the base plate, the outer wall of the anchor rod body is in threaded connection with a grout stop plug, one end of the grout stop plug, which is close to the base plate, is fixed with the side wall of the base plate, one end of the anchor rod body, which is close to the base plate, is in threaded connection with a first nut, one end of the anchor rod body, which is close to the first nut, is in threaded connection;

the anchor rod body is kept away from the one end shaping of second nut and is had the anchor head, the bottom welding of the anchor rod body near the one end of anchor head has first finned plate, the top welding of the anchor rod body near the one end of anchor head has the second finned plate.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the teacher is through disassembling this device the back, the stock that the understanding tunnel of being convenient for can more audio-visual understanding of student strutted the use, the teacher can extrude first fin and second fin with the hand, simulate out the situation of stock when running through the tunnel support inner wall, loosen the hand back simultaneously, can simulate out how the stock supports in the tunnel support inner wall anticreep and support, through only starching the stopper, can let the student realize the stock body after running through the tunnel support inner wall, how prevent the cluster thick liquid behind the slip casting, through first nut, eccentric nut and second nut, can make the student realize the stock after strutting the tunnel, how to carry out the anticreep through the anticreep nut and fix.

Preferably, a first guide groove is formed in one side, facing the first fin plate, of the top of the anchor rod body, a second guide groove is formed in one side, facing the second fin plate, of the top of the anchor rod body, a first guide block is connected to an inner cavity of the first guide groove in a sliding mode, a second guide block is connected to an inner cavity of the second guide groove in a sliding mode, a first connecting rod is arranged between the first fin plate and the first guide block, and a second connecting rod is arranged between the second fin plate and the second guide block.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the teacher kneads with first fin board and second fin board with the hand, first connecting rod and second connecting rod promote first guide block and second guide block and slide in the inner chamber of first guide way and second guide way to the one end of keeping away from the anchor head, after loosening the hand, under the tension effect of first fin board and second fin board, can stimulate first connecting rod and second connecting rod, thereby first connecting rod and second connecting rod stimulate first guide block and second guide block and slide to the one end that is close to the anchor head in first guide way and second guide way.

Preferably, a first arc-shaped fixture block is welded at one end of the inner wall of the first fin plate, the first arc-shaped fixture block is connected with one end of the first guide block through a bolt, one end, far away from the first arc-shaped fixture block, of the first guide block is connected with the first guide block through a bolt, a second arc-shaped fixture block is welded at one end of the inner wall of the second fin plate, the second arc-shaped fixture block is connected with one end of the second connecting rod through a bolt, and one end, far away from the second arc-shaped fixture block, of the second connecting rod is connected with the second guide block through a bolt.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, first arc fixture block and second arc fixture block can make first connecting rod and second connecting rod move about.

Preferably, the first fin plate is arc-surface-shaped, the second fin plate is arc-surface-shaped, and the first fin plate and the second fin plate are symmetrically arranged by taking the anchor rod body as a reference surface.

By adopting the technical scheme, the arc surface and symmetrical design of the first fin plate and the second fin plate is convenient for teachers to demonstrate on-site kneading.

Preferably, the anchor head is conical.

By adopting the technical scheme, the anchor head is convenient for students to visually feel how the wall of the anchor rod body is broken and penetrated.

Preferably, the vertical line of the center of the circle of the threaded hole of the first nut and the vertical line of the center of the circle of the threaded hole of the eccentric nut are not in the same straight line.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, above setting up is convenient for make first nut and eccentric nut have locking effect.

Preferably, the circle center vertical line of the threaded hole of the eccentric nut and the circle center vertical line of the threaded hole of the second nut are not in the same straight line.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, above setting up be convenient for make eccentric nut and second nut have locking effect.

Preferably, the circle center vertical line of the threaded hole of the first nut and the circle center vertical line of the threaded hole of the second nut are the same straight line.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, above setting up and to make first nut, eccentric nut and second nut three supplementary each other, form dual locknut, be convenient for make student's understanding directly perceivedly.

Preferably, the center of the threaded hole of the eccentric nut is eccentric with the intersection point of the diagonal line of the eccentric nut.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the anticreep effect of the stock body can be improved to the eccentric form design of the screw hole of eccentric nut.

Preferably, the length of the anchor rod body is ten centimeters.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, above-mentioned setting has portable's effect.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the device is easy to disassemble, and teachers can conveniently know the anchor rods used for tunnel supporting more intuitively after disassembling the device;

2. in the invention, a teacher can extrude the first fin plate and the second fin plate by hands to simulate the situation of the anchor rod when penetrating through the inner wall of the tunnel support, and meanwhile, after the hands are loosened, the process of how the anchor rod supports the inner wall of the tunnel support in an anti-falling mode can be simulated, so that the teaching effect can be improved;

3. according to the invention, the first nut, the eccentric nut and the second nut can enable students to realize how the anchor rod is fixed in an anti-falling mode through the anti-falling nut after the anchor rod supports the tunnel.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a teaching device for simulating tunnel bolting according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the teaching device for simulating tunnel bolting of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the combination of the first guide slot, the second guide slot, the first fin plate and the second fin plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the combination of the first nut, the eccentric nut and the second nut of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of the construction of the backing plate and the grout stop plug of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic top view of the eccentric nut of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. an anchor rod body; 2. a base plate; 3. a grout stopping plug; 4. a first nut; 5. an eccentric nut; 6. a second nut; 7. an anchor head; 8. a first guide groove; 9. a second guide groove; 10. a first fin plate; 11. a second fin plate; 12. a first arc-shaped fixture block; 13. a second arc-shaped fixture block; 14. a first link; 15. a second link; 16. a first guide block; 17. and a second guide block.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-6, the present invention provides a technical solution:

a teaching device for simulating tunnel bolting comprising:

the anchor rod comprises an anchor rod body 1, wherein a base plate 2 is arranged at one end of the anchor rod body 1, which is close to the base plate 2, penetrates through the diagonal intersection point of the base plate 2 and is in threaded connection with the base plate 2, a grout stop plug 3 is in threaded connection with the outer wall of the anchor rod body 1, one end of the grout stop plug 3, which is close to the base plate 2, is fixed with the side wall of the base plate 2, one end of the anchor rod body 1, which is close to the base plate 2, is in threaded connection with a first nut 4, one end of the anchor rod body 1, which is close to the first nut 4;

an anchor head 7 is formed at one end, far away from the second nut 6, of the anchor rod body 1, a first fin plate 10 is welded at the bottom of one end, close to the anchor head 7, of the anchor rod body 1, and a second fin plate 11 is welded at the top of one end, close to the anchor head 7, of the anchor rod body 1.

The teacher is through disassembling this device after, the stock that the use was strutted in understanding tunnel that the student can be more audio-visual, the teacher can extrude first finned plate 10 and second finned plate 11 with the hand, simulate out the situation of stock when running through tunnel support inner wall, loosen simultaneously behind the hand, can simulate out how the stock supports in tunnel support inner wall anticreep and support, through only thick liquid stopper 3, can let the student realize the stock body 1 after running through tunnel support inner wall, how prevent the cluster thick liquid behind the slip casting, through first nut 4, eccentric nut 5 and second nut 6, can make the student realize the stock after strutting the tunnel, how carry out the anticreep through the anticreep nut fixedly.

As shown in fig. 3, a first guide groove 8 is formed in one side, facing the first fin plate 10, of the top of the anchor rod body 1, a second guide groove 9 is formed in one side, facing the second fin plate 11, of the top of the anchor rod body 1, a first guide block 16 is connected to an inner cavity of the first guide groove 8 in a sliding manner, a second guide block 17 is connected to an inner cavity of the second guide groove 9 in a sliding manner, a first connecting rod 14 is arranged between the first fin plate 10 and the first guide block 16, and a second connecting rod 15 is arranged between the second fin plate 11 and the second guide block 17.

According to the technical scheme, when a teacher pinches the first fin plate 10 and the second fin plate 11 by hands, the first connecting rod 14 and the second connecting rod 15 push the first guide block 16 and the second guide block 17 to slide towards one end far away from the anchor head 7 in the inner cavities of the first guide groove 8 and the second guide groove 9, after the hands are released, the first connecting rod 14 and the second connecting rod 15 can be pulled under the tension action of the first fin plate 10 and the second fin plate 11, and the first connecting rod 14 and the second connecting rod 15 pull the first guide block 16 and the second guide block 17 to slide towards one end close to the anchor head 7 in the first guide groove 8 and the second guide groove 9.

As shown in fig. 3, a first arc-shaped fixture block 12 is welded at one end of the inner wall of the first fin plate 10, the first arc-shaped fixture block 12 is connected with one end of a first guide block 16 through a bolt, one end of the first guide block 16, which is far away from the first arc-shaped fixture block 12, is connected with the first guide block 16 through a bolt, a second arc-shaped fixture block 13 is welded at one end of the inner wall of the second fin plate 11, the second arc-shaped fixture block 13 is connected with one end of a second connecting rod 15 through a bolt, one end of the second connecting rod 15, which is far away from the second arc-shaped fixture block 13, is connected with a second guide block 17 through a bolt, and the first arc-shaped fixture block 12 and the second arc-shaped fixture.

As shown in fig. 3, the first fin plate 10 is arc-shaped, the second fin plate 11 is arc-shaped, the first fin plate 10 and the second fin plate 11 are symmetrically arranged with the anchor rod body 1 as a reference surface, and the arc-shaped and symmetrical design of the first fin plate 10 and the second fin plate 11 is convenient for teachers to play on site.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the anchor head 7 is conical, and the anchor head 7 facilitates the student to intuitively feel how the anchor rod body 1 is broken.

As shown in fig. 4, the vertical line of the center of the circle of the threaded hole of the first nut 4 and the vertical line of the center of the circle of the threaded hole of the eccentric nut 5 are not in the same straight line, and the above arrangement is convenient for the first nut 4 and the eccentric nut 5 to have the anti-loosening effect.

As shown in fig. 4, the vertical line of the center of the threaded hole of the eccentric nut 5 and the vertical line of the center of the threaded hole of the second nut 6 are not in the same straight line, and the above arrangement is convenient for the eccentric nut 5 and the second nut 6 to have the anti-loosening effect.

As shown in fig. 4, the centre of a circle vertical line of the screw hole of first nut 4 and the centre of a circle vertical line of the screw hole of second nut 6 are same straight line, and above setting can make first nut 4, eccentric nut 5 and 6 three of second nut mutually assist, forms dual locknut, is convenient for make student's understanding directly perceivedly.

As shown in fig. 6, the center of the threaded hole of the eccentric nut 5 is eccentric to the diagonal line intersection of the eccentric nut 5, and the eccentric design of the threaded hole of the eccentric nut 5 can improve the anti-drop effect of the anchor rod body 1.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the length of the anchor rod body 1 is ten centimeters, and the arrangement has the function of being convenient to carry.

The structure principle is as follows: the teacher is through disassembling this device after, the stock that the use was strutted in understanding tunnel that the student can be more audio-visual, the teacher can extrude first finned plate 10 and second finned plate 11 with the hand, simulate out the situation of stock when running through tunnel support inner wall, loosen simultaneously behind the hand, can simulate out how the stock supports in tunnel support inner wall anticreep and support, through only thick liquid stopper 3, can let the student realize the stock body 1 after running through tunnel support inner wall, how prevent the cluster thick liquid behind the slip casting, through first nut 4, eccentric nut 5 and second nut 6, can make the student realize the stock after strutting the tunnel, how carry out the anticreep through the anticreep nut fixedly.

In conclusion, the device is easy to disassemble, and teachers can conveniently know the anchor rods used for tunnel support more intuitively after disassembling the device;

in the invention, a teacher can extrude the first fin plate 10 and the second fin plate 11 by hands to simulate the situation of the anchor rod penetrating through the inner wall of the tunnel support, and can simulate how the anchor rod is supported on the inner wall of the tunnel support in an anti-falling mode after the hands are released;

according to the invention, the first nut 4, the eccentric nut 5 and the second nut 6 can make students recognize how the anchor rod is fixed in a retaining way through the retaining nut after supporting the tunnel.

The parts not involved in the present invention are the same as or can be implemented by the prior art. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.