阅读说明：本技术 预防柱塞泵壳体内腔背压高的装置及方法 (Device and method for preventing back pressure of inner cavity of plunger pump shell from being high ) 是由 沈荣荣 陈天峰 邱荣泉 黄恩博 卞奕焜 纪宇龙 瞿冬婕 夏冬明 顾林龙 于 2020-11-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种预防柱塞泵壳体内腔背压高的装置及方法,通过在所述壳体的所述内腔和所述配流盘的所述吸油腔之间安装液控单向阀,在所述配流盘和所述油箱之间安装所述卸荷阀,所述卸荷阀连通所述配流盘的所述吸油腔；驱动所述壳体转动,带动所述柱塞在所述壳体内滑动；在所述吸油腔背压较小时,关闭所述卸荷阀芯,打开所述液控单向阀,所述壳体内的油液进入所述吸油腔,所述壳体内部的所述内腔压力降低；在所述吸油腔背压较大时,打开所述卸荷阀芯,并打开所述液控单向阀,所述壳体内的油液通过所述吸油腔和所述卸荷阀芯,进入到所述油箱内,进一步降低所述壳体内部的所述内腔压力；从而使得所述壳体和所述柱塞平稳运行。(The invention discloses a device and a method for preventing back pressure of an inner cavity of a plunger pump shell from being high, wherein a hydraulic control one-way valve is arranged between the inner cavity of the shell and an oil suction cavity of a port plate, an unloading valve is arranged between the port plate and an oil tank, and the unloading valve is communicated with the oil suction cavity of the port plate; the shell is driven to rotate, and the plunger is driven to slide in the shell; when the back pressure of the oil suction cavity is low, the unloading valve core is closed, the hydraulic control one-way valve is opened, oil in the shell enters the oil suction cavity, and the pressure of the inner cavity in the shell is reduced; when the back pressure of the oil suction cavity is high, the unloading valve core is opened, the hydraulic control one-way valve is opened, oil in the shell enters the oil tank through the oil suction cavity and the unloading valve core, and the pressure of the inner cavity in the shell is further reduced; thereby allowing the housing and the plunger to run smoothly.)

1. A device for preventing back pressure of an inner cavity of a plunger pump shell is characterized by comprising a rear cover, a valve plate, a shell, a pressure relief assembly and a vibration reduction assembly;

the valve plate is fixedly connected with the rear cover and positioned on one side of the rear cover, the shell is rotatably connected with the valve plate and positioned on one side of the valve plate, which is far away from the rear cover, and the vibration reduction assembly is in sliding connection with the shell;

the port plate is provided with an oil suction cavity which is positioned in the port plate and is opened towards one side of the shell, the shell is provided with an inner cavity which is positioned in the shell, and penetrates through the shell and is communicated with the oil suction cavity, the pressure relief assembly comprises a hydraulic control one-way valve, an unloading valve and an oil tank, the hydraulic control one-way valve is fixedly connected with the port plate, and is fixedly connected with the shell and positioned between the oil suction cavity and the inner cavity, the unloading valve is fixedly connected with the port plate, and is communicated with the oil suction cavity and positioned at one side of the valve plate close to the oil suction cavity, the oil tank is fixedly connected with the unloading valve, the oil tank is communicated with the oil suction cavity through the unloading valve and is fixedly connected with the rear cover, and the oil tank is positioned on one side of the unloading valve, which is far away from the valve plate.

2. The device for preventing back pressure in an inner cavity of a plunger pump shell according to claim 1,

the flow distribution plate is also provided with a vibration reduction groove, and the vibration reduction groove is positioned on one side of the flow distribution plate close to the shell, is communicated with the oil suction cavity and is positioned on one side of the flow distribution plate close to the shell.

3. The device for preventing back pressure in an inner cavity of a plunger pump shell according to claim 1,

the pressure relief assembly further comprises an anti-overflow gasket, wherein the anti-overflow gasket is fixedly connected with the port plate, is abutted against the shell and is positioned between the port plate and the shell.

4. The device for preventing back pressure in an inner cavity of a plunger pump shell according to claim 1,

the pressure relief assembly further comprises a sealing washer, the sealing washer is fixedly connected with the port plate, fixedly connected with the oil tank and located between the port plate and the oil tank.

5. The device for preventing back pressure in an inner cavity of a plunger pump shell according to claim 1,

the vibration reduction assembly comprises a plunger and a supporting spring, and the plunger is connected with the shell in a sliding mode and is positioned in the inner cavity; one side of the supporting spring is abutted with the shell, the other side of the supporting spring is abutted with the plunger, and the supporting spring is positioned between the plunger and the shell.

6. The device for preventing back pressure in the inner cavity of the plunger pump shell according to claim 5,

the vibration reduction assembly further comprises a swash plate, and the swash plate is connected with the plunger in a sliding mode and is located at one end, far away from the shell, of the plunger.

7. A method for preventing back pressure in an inner cavity of a plunger pump shell is characterized by comprising the following steps,

a hydraulic control one-way valve is arranged between the inner cavity of the shell and the oil suction cavity of the port plate;

an oil tank is arranged on the side surface of the port plate, an unloading valve is arranged between the port plate and the oil tank, and the unloading valve is communicated with the oil suction cavity of the port plate;

the shell is driven to rotate, and the plunger is driven to slide in the shell;

when the back pressure of the oil suction cavity is low, the unloading valve core is closed, the hydraulic control one-way valve is opened, and oil in the shell enters the oil suction cavity;

when the back pressure of the oil suction cavity is high, the unloading valve core is opened, the hydraulic control one-way valve is opened, and oil in the shell enters the oil tank through the oil suction cavity and the unloading valve core;

the housing and the plunger operate smoothly.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of plunger pumps, in particular to a device and a method for preventing high back pressure of an inner cavity of a plunger pump shell.

Background

When the cylinder body of the existing plunger hydraulic pump moves, the direction of the back pressure force is opposite to the hydraulic pressure of the oil inlet cavity, partial power is consumed, the moving stability is improved, and particularly when the external load suddenly becomes small and is reduced to zero, the system can be buffered.

However, the backpressure in the cylinder body of the plunger hydraulic cylinder is not too large, the backpressure of the hydraulic system is high, the load of the motor and the oil pump can be increased, the plunger is subjected to large backpressure in the sliding process, the oil pump can shake integrally, the abrasion is aggravated, and the service condition and the service life of the oil pump are seriously affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a device and a method for preventing high back pressure of an inner cavity of a plunger pump shell, and aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the back pressure is too high in the operation process of a plunger pump, so that an oil pump shakes violently and the abrasion is aggravated.

In order to achieve the purpose, the device for preventing the back pressure of the inner cavity of the plunger pump shell from being high comprises a rear cover, a valve plate, a shell, a pressure relief assembly and a vibration reduction assembly; the valve plate is fixedly connected with the rear cover and positioned on one side of the rear cover, the shell is rotatably connected with the valve plate and positioned on one side of the valve plate, which is far away from the rear cover, and the vibration reduction assembly is in sliding connection with the shell; the port plate is provided with an oil suction cavity which is positioned in the port plate and is opened towards one side of the shell, the shell is provided with an inner cavity which is positioned in the shell, and penetrates through the shell and is communicated with the oil suction cavity, the pressure relief assembly comprises a hydraulic control one-way valve, an unloading valve and an oil tank, the hydraulic control one-way valve is fixedly connected with the port plate, and is fixedly connected with the shell and positioned between the oil suction cavity and the inner cavity, the unloading valve is fixedly connected with the port plate, and is communicated with the oil suction cavity and positioned at one side of the valve plate close to the oil suction cavity, the oil tank is fixedly connected with the unloading valve, the oil tank is communicated with the oil suction cavity through the unloading valve and is fixedly connected with the rear cover, and the oil tank is positioned on one side of the unloading valve, which is far away from the valve plate.

The flow distribution plate is provided with a vibration reduction groove, the vibration reduction groove is positioned on one side of the flow distribution plate close to the shell, is communicated with the oil suction cavity and is positioned on one side of the flow distribution plate close to the shell.

The pressure relief assembly further comprises an anti-overflow gasket, wherein the anti-overflow gasket is fixedly connected with the port plate, is abutted against the shell and is positioned between the port plate and the shell.

The pressure relief assembly further comprises a sealing washer, the sealing washer is fixedly connected with the port plate, fixedly connected with the oil tank and located between the port plate and the oil tank.

The vibration reduction assembly comprises a plunger and a supporting spring, and the plunger is connected with the shell in a sliding mode and is positioned in the inner cavity; one side of the supporting spring is abutted with the shell, the other side of the supporting spring is abutted with the plunger, and the supporting spring is positioned between the plunger and the shell.

The vibration reduction assembly further comprises a swash plate, and the swash plate is connected with the plunger in a sliding mode and is located at one end, far away from the shell, of the plunger.

The swash plate is provided with a guide sliding groove which is positioned on one side of the swash plate close to the plunger; the pressure relief assembly further comprises a sliding shoe, wherein the sliding shoe is fixedly connected with the plunger, is in sliding connection with the swash plate and is positioned in the guide sliding groove.

The plunger is provided with an oil filling hole, and the oil filling hole is positioned inside the plunger and is communicated with the oil suction cavity; the skid shoe is provided with a flow guide hole, and the flow guide hole is positioned in the skid shoe, penetrates through the skid shoe and is communicated with the oil injection hole.

The invention also comprises a method for preventing the back pressure of the inner cavity of the plunger pump shell from being high, which comprises the following steps that a hydraulic control one-way valve is arranged between the inner cavity of the shell and the oil suction cavity of the port plate;

an oil tank is arranged on the side surface of the port plate, an unloading valve is arranged between the port plate and the oil tank, and the unloading valve is communicated with the oil suction cavity of the port plate;

the shell is driven to rotate, and the plunger is driven to slide in the shell;

when the back pressure of the oil suction cavity is low, the unloading valve core is closed, the hydraulic control one-way valve is opened, and oil in the shell enters the oil suction cavity;

when the back pressure of the oil suction cavity is high, the unloading valve core is opened, the hydraulic control one-way valve is opened, and oil in the shell enters the oil tank through the oil suction cavity and the unloading valve core;

the housing and the plunger operate smoothly.

According to the device and the method for preventing the back pressure of the inner cavity of the plunger pump shell, a hydraulic control one-way valve is arranged between the inner cavity of the shell and the oil suction cavity of the port plate; the oil tank is arranged on the side surface of the port plate, the unloading valve is arranged between the port plate and the oil tank, and the unloading valve is communicated with the oil suction cavity of the port plate; the shell is driven to rotate, and the plunger is driven to slide in the shell; when the back pressure of the oil suction cavity is low, the unloading valve core is closed, the hydraulic control one-way valve is opened, oil in the shell enters the oil suction cavity, and the pressure of the inner cavity in the shell is reduced; when the back pressure of the oil suction cavity is high, the unloading valve core is opened, the hydraulic control one-way valve is opened, oil in the shell enters the oil tank through the oil suction cavity and the unloading valve core, and the pressure of the inner cavity in the shell is further reduced; thereby allowing the housing and the plunger to run smoothly.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pressure relief assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the vibration damping module of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the position of the damping groove of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic connection diagram of the hydraulic check valve of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a flow chart of the method for preventing back pressure in the inner cavity of the plunger pump shell from being high.

In the figure: 1-rear cover, 2-port plate, 3-shell, 4-pressure relief component, 5-vibration damping component, 21-oil suction cavity, 22-vibration damping groove, 31-inner cavity, 41-hydraulic control one-way valve, 42-unloading valve, 43-oil tank, 44-anti-overflow gasket, 45-sealing gasket, 46-slipper, 51-plunger, 52-supporting spring, 53-swash plate, 100-device for preventing back pressure of inner cavity of plunger pump shell, 461-guiding hole, 511-oil filling hole and 531-guiding sliding groove.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Further, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a device 100 for preventing back pressure in an inner cavity of a plunger pump housing from being high, including a rear cover 1, a port plate 2, a housing 3, a pressure relief assembly 4 and a damping assembly 5; the valve plate 2 is fixedly connected with the rear cover 1 and is positioned on one side of the rear cover 1, the shell 3 is rotatably connected with the valve plate 2 and is positioned on one side of the valve plate 2 far away from the rear cover 1, and the vibration reduction assembly 5 is slidably connected with the shell 3; the port plate 2 is provided with an oil suction cavity 21, the oil suction cavity 21 is positioned inside the port plate 2 and opens to one side of the housing 3, the housing 3 is provided with an inner cavity 31, the inner cavity 31 is positioned inside the housing 3 and penetrates through the housing 3 and is communicated with the oil suction cavity 21, the pressure relief assembly 4 comprises a pilot operated one-way valve 41, an unloading valve 42 and an oil tank 43, the pilot operated one-way valve 41 is fixedly connected with the port plate 2, is fixedly connected with the housing 3 and is positioned between the oil suction cavity 21 and the inner cavity 31, the unloading valve 42 is fixedly connected with the port plate 2, is communicated with the oil suction cavity 21 and is positioned on one side of the port plate 2 close to the oil suction cavity 21, the oil tank 43 is fixedly connected with the unloading valve 42, is communicated with the oil suction cavity 21 through the unloading valve 42 and is fixedly connected with the rear cover 1, the oil tank 43 is located on the side of the unloading valve 42 remote from the port plate 2.

In this embodiment, for a 10V-series pump, the absolute pressure of the inner cavity 31 of the housing 3 generally cannot exceed 2bar, but due to many problems such as pipeline layout and field working conditions, the back pressure of the inner cavity 31 of the housing 3 is too high, and at this time, the oil pump shakes integrally, the wear is aggravated, and the service condition and the service life of the oil pump are seriously affected; by adding the one-way valve at the joint of the inner cavity 31 and the oil suction cavity 21, when the back pressure of the inner cavity 31 of the shell 3 is too high, the one-way valve is opened, the oil in the shell 3 enters the oil suction cavity 21, the pressure of the inner cavity 31 of the shell 3 is reduced, and the risk is reduced; by adding the check valve at the joint of the inner cavity 31 and the oil suction cavity 21, the structure (simple or compound) and the oil drainage mode (internal drainage or external drainage) of the hydraulic control check valve 41 are reasonably selected according to the position of the hydraulic control check valve 41 in a hydraulic system or the flow resistance (back pressure) of the hydraulic control check valve 41 after the oil is discharged reversely, and for the internal drainage type hydraulic control check valve 41, when the pressure of the reverse oil port exceeds a certain value, the hydraulic control part loses the control function, so the internal drainage type hydraulic control check valve 41 is generally used for occasions with no back pressure or small back pressure in the reverse oil outlet cavity; the leakage hydraulic control one-way valve 41 can be used in the situation that the back pressure of the reverse oil outlet cavity is higher, so that the control pressure is reduced, and the control power is saved. If the system adopts an internal leakage mode, the plunger 51 can drop intermittently to generate vibration and noise, when the pressure of the reverse oil inlet cavity is higher, the hydraulic control one-way valve 41 and the unloading valve 42 are opened, and the pressure of the control oil is reduced to one fraction to one dozen fraction of the original pressure. If the pilot operated check valve 41 of the leak type is selected, it should be noted that the suction chamber 21 is separately connected to the oil tank 43; in this way, by installing a pilot operated check valve 41 between the inner cavity 31 of the housing 3 and the suction chamber 21 of the port plate 2; the oil tank 43 is arranged on the side surface of the port plate 2, the unloading valve 42 is arranged between the port plate 2 and the oil tank 43, and the unloading valve 42 is communicated with the oil suction cavity 21 of the port plate 2; the shell 3 is driven to rotate, and the plunger 51 is driven to slide in the shell 3; when the back pressure of the oil suction cavity 21 is low, the unloading valve 42 core is closed, the hydraulic control one-way valve 41 is opened, the oil in the shell 3 enters the oil suction cavity 21, and the pressure of the inner cavity 31 in the shell 3 is reduced; when the back pressure of the oil suction cavity 21 is large, the unloading valve 42 core is opened, the hydraulic control one-way valve 41 is opened, the oil liquid in the shell 3 enters the oil tank 43 through the oil suction cavity 21 and the unloading valve 42 core, and the pressure of the inner cavity 31 in the shell 3 is further reduced; thereby allowing the housing 3 and the plunger 51 to smoothly operate.

Further, referring to fig. 3, the port plate 2 further has a vibration damping groove 22, and the vibration damping groove 22 is located on one side of the port plate 2 close to the housing 3, is communicated with the oil suction cavity 21, and is located on one side of the port plate 2 close to the housing 3.

In the present embodiment, the vibration damping groove 22 is located on one side of the port plate 2 close to the housing 3 and is communicated with the oil suction chamber 21, when oil suction is not finished, the inner chamber 31 where the plunger 51 is located is already communicated with the oil suction chamber 21 through the vibration damping groove 22, the oil in the oil suction chamber 21 enters the inner chamber 31 through the vibration damping groove 22, the pressure in the inner chamber 31 is made constant, and the sliding of the plunger 51 is made more stable.

Further, referring to fig. 2, the pressure relief assembly 4 further includes a spill-proof gasket 44, and the spill-proof gasket 44 is fixedly connected to the port plate 2, abuts against the housing 3, and is located between the port plate 2 and the housing 3.

In this embodiment, the anti-overflow washer 44 is made of corrosion-resistant rubber, and is installed on one side of the port plate 2 close to the housing 3, and the anti-overflow washer 44 is in rotational contact with the bottom of the housing 3 to block the oil overflowing from the vibration damping groove 22, so as to prevent the oil from further overflowing.

Further, referring to fig. 3, the pressure relief assembly 4 further includes a sealing gasket 45, and the sealing gasket 45 is fixedly connected to the port plate 2, fixedly connected to the oil tank 43, and located between the port plate 2 and the oil tank 43.

In the present embodiment, the seal gasket 45 is mounted on the side surface of the port plate 2, is positioned between the port plate 2 and the oil tank 43, and covers the unloading valve 42, so that when oil overflows between the port plate 2, the unloading valve 42, and the oil tank 43, the oil can be prevented from further flowing out.

Further, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the damping assembly 5 includes a plunger 51 and a supporting spring 52, the plunger 51 is slidably connected to the housing 3 and is located in the inner cavity 31; the support spring 52 is in contact with the housing 3 on one side and the plunger 51 on the other side, and is located between the plunger 51 and the housing 3.

Further, referring to fig. 1, the damping module 5 further includes a swash plate 53, and the swash plate 53 is slidably connected to the plunger 51 and is located at an end of the plunger 51 away from the housing 3.

In this embodiment, the plunger 51 is slidably mounted inside the inner cavity 31, and partially extends out of the inner cavity 31, and is in sliding abutment with the swash plate 53, the bottom of the plunger 51 is in abutment with the supporting spring 52, and the bottom of the supporting spring 52 is in abutment with the side wall of the inner cavity 31 of the housing 3, so that the rotation of the housing 3 drives the plunger 51 to slide on the surface of the swash plate 53, and the swash plate 53 and the cross section of the housing 3 have an included angle of 23 degrees, so that the plunger 51 and the swash plate 53 can extend and retract back and forth in the sliding process.

Further, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the swash plate 53 has a guide slide groove 531, and the guide slide groove 531 is located on a side of the swash plate 53 close to the plunger 51; the pressure relief assembly 4 further comprises a sliding shoe 46, wherein the sliding shoe 46 is fixedly connected with the plunger 51, is slidably connected with the swash plate 53, and is located in the guide sliding groove 531.

In this embodiment, one side of the swash plate 53 close to the plunger 51 is provided with the guide chute 531, the guide chute 531 is an annular groove body, the end part of the plunger 51 is integrally fixed with the sliding shoe 46, the sliding shoe 46 is spherical and matched with the groove body of the guide chute 531, and can annularly slide in the guide chute 531, so that the reciprocating expansion process of the plunger 51 is more stable.

Further, referring to fig. 2, the plunger 51 has an oil hole 511, and the oil hole 511 is located inside the plunger 51 and is communicated with the oil suction cavity 21; the slipper 46 has a guide hole 461, and the guide hole 461 is located inside the slipper 46, penetrates the slipper 46, and penetrates the oil hole 511.

In the present embodiment, the oil hole 511 is formed through the plunger 51, the pilot hole 461 is formed through the shoe 46, and the pilot hole 461 is formed through the oil hole 511, so that the overflowed oil can enter the guide chute 531 through the oil hole 511 and the pilot hole 461.

Referring to fig. 5, a method for preventing back pressure in an inner cavity of a plunger pump housing from being high includes the following steps:

s901: a pilot-controlled check valve 41 is arranged between the inner cavity 31 of the shell 3 and the oil suction cavity 21 of the port plate 2;

s902: an oil tank 43 is arranged on the side surface of the port plate 2, and an unloading valve 42 is arranged between the port plate 2 and the oil tank 43, wherein the unloading valve 42 is communicated with the oil suction cavity 21 of the port plate 2;

s903: the shell 3 is driven to rotate, and the plunger 51 is driven to slide in the shell 3;

s904: when the back pressure of the oil suction cavity 21 is low, the unloading valve 42 core is closed, the hydraulic control one-way valve 41 is opened, and the oil in the shell 3 enters the oil suction cavity 21;

s905: when the back pressure of the oil suction cavity 21 is large, the unloading valve 42 core is opened, the hydraulic control one-way valve 41 is opened, and the oil in the shell 3 enters the oil tank 43 through the oil suction cavity 21 and the unloading valve 42 core;

s906: the housing 3 and the plunger 51 run smoothly.

In the present embodiment, by installing a pilot operated check valve 41 between the inner cavity 31 of the housing 3 and the oil suction cavity 21 of the port plate 2; the oil tank 43 is arranged on the side surface of the port plate 2, the unloading valve 42 is arranged between the port plate 2 and the oil tank 43, and the unloading valve 42 is communicated with the oil suction cavity 21 of the port plate 2; the shell 3 is driven to rotate, and the plunger 51 is driven to slide in the shell 3; when the back pressure of the oil suction cavity 21 is low, the unloading valve 42 core is closed, the hydraulic control one-way valve 41 is opened, the oil in the shell 3 enters the oil suction cavity 21, and the pressure of the inner cavity 31 in the shell 3 is reduced; when the back pressure of the oil suction cavity 21 is large, the unloading valve 42 core is opened, the hydraulic control one-way valve 41 is opened, the oil liquid in the shell 3 enters the oil tank 43 through the oil suction cavity 21 and the unloading valve 42 core, and the pressure of the inner cavity 31 in the shell 3 is further reduced; thereby allowing the housing 3 and the plunger 51 to smoothly operate.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.