阅读说明：本技术 发泡混凝土生产工艺 (Production process of foamed concrete ) 是由 韩向阳 于 2020-12-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于建筑材料技术领域,具体的涉及一种发泡混凝土生产工艺。以水、水泥和砂灰为原料,采用黑豆发泡剂A与双氧水发泡剂B复合发泡剂进行发泡,添加木质素磺酸钙增强机械性能,最后入釜进行蒸汽养护,即得到发泡混凝土。本发明所述的发泡混凝土生产工艺,采用复合发泡剂进行发泡,发泡剂发泡性能好、稳定性强、制备简单,实用性强。采用本发明所述的发泡混凝土生产工艺制备的混凝土,具有自重轻、强度高、孔隙率更均匀密实、导热系数小的优点。(The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a production process of foamed concrete. The foaming concrete is prepared by using water, cement and sand ash as raw materials, adopting a black bean foaming agent A and hydrogen peroxide foaming agent B composite foaming agent for foaming, adding calcium lignosulphonate to enhance mechanical properties, and finally putting the mixture into a kettle for steam curing. The production process of the foamed concrete adopts the composite foaming agent for foaming, and the foaming agent has the advantages of good foaming performance, strong stability, simple preparation and strong practicability. The concrete prepared by the production process of the foamed concrete has the advantages of light dead weight, high strength, more uniform and compact porosity and small heat conductivity coefficient.)

1. A production process of foamed concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing black bean protein powder into a solution by taking a phosphoric acid buffer solution as a solvent, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment and acidolysis, cooling to room temperature, adding pepsin for carrying out oscillatory enzymolysis, and finally carrying out enzyme deactivation and filtration to prepare a black bean foaming agent mother solution A;

(2) adding hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, ethylene diamine tetramethylene phosphate and magnesium stearate into the black bean foaming agent mother liquor A, and then stirring at a high speed to prepare a foaming agent A for later use;

(3) adding hydrogen peroxide, alpha-sodium olefin sulfonate and dodecanol into water, uniformly mixing, then adding copper oxide, stirring to obtain a foaming agent B, and diluting according to the mass ratio of the foaming agent B to the water of 1:30-35 for later use;

(4) adding water into a mixture of cement and sand ash, uniformly stirring and standing; adding a mixture of the foaming agent A and the foaming agent B, uniformly stirring, finally adding calcium lignosulfonate, and uniformly stirring to prepare slurry;

(5) pouring the uniformly stirred slurry into a mold, and standing for 1.5-2h at the temperature of 60-95 ℃;

(6) and (5) cutting the green body prepared in the step (5), and then putting the green body into a kettle for steam curing to obtain the foamed concrete.

2. The foamed concrete production process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the phosphate buffer solution in the step (1) is disodium hydrogen phosphate-sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffer solution, and the pH value is 6.8-7.0; the mass-volume ratio of the black soybean protein powder to the phosphate buffer solution is 0.05-0.1 g/mL.

3. The foamed concrete production process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ultrasonic power in the step (1) is 40-50W, and the ultrasonic time is 10-15 min; the acidolysis adopts sulfuric acid, the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 0.1-0.3mol/L, and the acidolysis time is 15-20 min.

4. The foamed concrete production process according to claim 1, characterized in that: adding pepsin in the step (1) for oscillating enzymolysis, wherein the enzymolysis temperature is 55-65 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 2-10 h; and (3) preserving the temperature of the water bath enzymolysis liquid at 85-90 ℃ for 10-15min for enzyme deactivation.

5. The foamed concrete production process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass of the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide in the step (2) accounts for 12-14% of the mass of the black bean foaming agent mother liquor A; the weight of the ethylene diamine tetra methylene phosphate accounts for 1.2-1.5% of that of the black bean foaming agent mother liquor A; the mass of the magnesium stearate accounts for 3.5-5% of the mass A of the black bean foaming agent mother liquor.

6. The foamed concrete production process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (3), the hydrogen peroxide accounts for 42-45% by mass, the alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate accounts for 14-16%, the dodecanol accounts for 10-12%, the copper oxide accounts for 3-3.5% by mass, and the balance is water.

7. The foamed concrete production process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the weight percentage of the water, the cement and the sand ash in the step (4) is 0.4-0.5:1.0: 0.35-0.45; the mass ratio of the foaming agent A to the foaming agent B is 2-3: 1.0-1.5.

8. The foamed concrete production process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass of the calcium lignosulfonate in the step (4) accounts for 1.5-2.0% of the total mass of the slurry.

9. The foamed concrete production process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the steam curing in the step (6) is carried out at the temperature of 80-85 ℃, the pressure of 0.1-0.3MPa and the time of 8-10 h.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a production process of foamed concrete.

Background

With the increase of population and the increasing pressure of environmental resources, the establishment of resource-saving and environment-friendly life modes is urgent. And the building energy consumption accounts for more than 30% of the total social energy consumption. Under the background, the foam concrete is favored by the field of building energy conservation based on the characteristics of light weight, good heat preservation, heat insulation, sound insulation, fire resistance, shock resistance and the like.

The foam concrete is a cement material formed by fully foaming a foaming agent in a mechanical mode, uniformly mixing foam and cement paste and then curing. At present, lightweight aggregate concrete is widely applied to industrial and civil buildings and other projects, and has the benefits of reducing the dead weight of the structure, improving the seismic performance of the structure, saving the material consumption, improving the component transportation and hoisting efficiency, reducing the foundation load, improving the building functions (heat preservation, heat insulation and fire resistance) and the like.

However, in recent years, mineral resources are increasingly in short supply, environmental protection policies are increasingly strict, the source of the raw material 'lime' which has the greatest influence on the product quality in the industry is increasingly tense, the stone for producing lime is limited in mining, dust pollution on firing and grinding sites is serious, and the quality of lime is increasingly poor and the price is increasingly high due to various reasons; in addition, the environment is protected, the coal-fired boiler is shut down, the natural gas is high in price, and the production cost of enterprises is increased.

At present, a cement foaming agent is a porous material which is prepared by mixing organic matters or inorganic matters into foam by physical and chemical methods, mixing the foam with slurry prepared from cement, fly ash and the like, stirring, pouring, molding and maintaining.

However, the concrete produced by the common concrete foaming agent in the current market generally has the quality problems of low strength, high water absorption, poor heat preservation and insulation effect and the like; in addition, the raw materials for producing the concrete are gradually deficient, the production cost is gradually increased, and the large-scale application and popularization of the foamed concrete are seriously influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is: provides a production process of foamed concrete. The concrete prepared by the process has the advantages of light dead weight, high strength and more uniform and compact porosity.

The production process of the foamed concrete comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing black bean protein powder into a solution by taking a phosphoric acid buffer solution as a solvent, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment and acidolysis, cooling to room temperature, adding pepsin for carrying out oscillatory enzymolysis, and finally carrying out enzyme deactivation and filtration to prepare a black bean foaming agent mother solution A;

(2) adding hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, ethylene diamine tetramethylene phosphate and magnesium stearate into the black bean foaming agent mother liquor A, and then stirring at a high speed to prepare a foaming agent A for later use;

(3) adding hydrogen peroxide, alpha-sodium olefin sulfonate and dodecanol into water, uniformly mixing, then adding copper oxide, stirring to obtain a foaming agent B, and diluting according to the mass ratio of the foaming agent B to the water of 1:30-35 for later use;

(4) adding water into a mixture of cement and sand ash, uniformly stirring and standing; adding a mixture of the foaming agent A and the foaming agent B, uniformly stirring, finally adding calcium lignosulfonate, and uniformly stirring to prepare slurry;

(5) pouring the uniformly stirred slurry into a mold, and standing for 1.5-2h at the temperature of 60-95 ℃;

(6) and (5) cutting the green body prepared in the step (5), and then putting the green body into a kettle for steam curing to obtain the foamed concrete.

Wherein:

the phosphate buffer solution in the step (1) is disodium hydrogen phosphate-sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffer solution, and the pH value is 6.8-7.0; the mass-volume ratio of the black soybean protein powder to the phosphate buffer solution is 0.05-0.1 g/mL.

The ultrasonic power in the step (1) is 40-50W, and the ultrasonic time is 10-15 min.

The acidolysis in the step (1) adopts sulfuric acid, the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 0.1-0.3mol/L, and the acidolysis time is 15-20 min.

Adding pepsin in the step (1) for oscillating enzymolysis, wherein the enzymolysis temperature is 55-65 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 2-10 h; and (3) preserving the temperature of the water bath enzymolysis liquid at 85-90 ℃ for 10-15min for enzyme deactivation.

The mass of the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide in the step (2) accounts for 12-14% of the mass of the black bean foaming agent mother liquor A; the weight of the ethylene diamine tetra methylene phosphate accounts for 1.2-1.5% of that of the black bean foaming agent mother liquor A; the mass of the magnesium stearate accounts for 3.5-5% of the mass A of the black bean foaming agent mother liquor.

In the step (3), the hydrogen peroxide accounts for 42-45% by mass, the alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate accounts for 14-16%, the dodecanol accounts for 10-12%, the copper oxide accounts for 3-3.5% by mass, and the balance is water.

The weight percentage of the water, the cement and the sand ash in the step (4) is 0.4-0.5:1.0: 0.35-0.45.

The mass ratio of the foaming agent A to the foaming agent B in the step (4) is 2-3: 1.0-1.5.

The mass of the calcium lignosulfonate in the step (4) accounts for 1.5-2.0% of the total mass of the slurry.

The steam curing in the step (6) is carried out at the temperature of 80-85 ℃, the pressure of 0.1-0.3MPa and the time of 8-10 h.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the production process of the foamed concrete has the advantages of simple process, low energy consumption, environmental protection and no pollution, and the prepared concrete has long service life.

(2) According to the production process of the foamed concrete, the composite foaming agent is adopted for foaming, and the foaming agent is good in foaming performance, strong in stability, simple to prepare and strong in practicability; and the steam curing is adopted for foaming, so that the production cost of an enterprise is reduced.

(3) The concrete prepared by the production process of the foamed concrete has the advantages of light dead weight, high strength, more uniform and compact porosity and small heat conductivity coefficient.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described below with reference to examples.

Example 1

The foamed concrete production process described in this example 1 comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing black bean protein powder into a solution by taking a phosphoric acid buffer solution as a solvent, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment and acidolysis, cooling to room temperature, adding pepsin for carrying out oscillatory enzymolysis, and finally carrying out enzyme deactivation and filtration to prepare a black bean foaming agent mother solution A;

(2) adding hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, ethylene diamine tetramethylene phosphate and magnesium stearate into the black bean foaming agent mother liquor A, and then stirring at a high speed to prepare a foaming agent A for later use;

(3) adding hydrogen peroxide, alpha-sodium olefin sulfonate and dodecanol into water, uniformly mixing, then adding copper oxide, stirring to obtain a foaming agent B, and diluting according to the mass ratio of the foaming agent B to the water of 1:32 for later use;

(4) adding water into a mixture of cement and sand ash, uniformly stirring and standing; adding a mixture of the foaming agent A and the foaming agent B, uniformly stirring, finally adding calcium lignosulfonate, and uniformly stirring to prepare slurry;

(5) pouring the uniformly stirred slurry into a mold, and standing for 1.7h at the temperature of 80 ℃;

(6) and (5) cutting the green body prepared in the step (5), and then putting the green body into a kettle for steam curing to obtain the foamed concrete.

Wherein:

the phosphate buffer solution in the step (1) is disodium hydrogen phosphate-sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffer solution, and the pH value is 7.0; the mass-volume ratio of the black soybean protein powder to the phosphate buffer solution is 0.07 g/mL.

The ultrasonic power in the step (1) is 50W, and the ultrasonic time is 10 min.

The acidolysis in the step (1) adopts sulfuric acid, the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 0.3mol/L, and the acidolysis time is 15 min.

Adding pepsin in the step (1) for oscillating enzymolysis, wherein the enzymolysis temperature is 65 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 5 hours; and (3) carrying out heat preservation on the enzymolysis liquid by water bath at the temperature of 90 ℃ for 15min to inactivate enzyme.

The mass of the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide in the step (2) accounts for 12% of the mass of the black bean foaming agent mother liquor A; the weight of the ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid accounts for 1.5% of that of the black bean foaming agent mother liquor A; the mass of magnesium stearate accounts for 3.5% of the mass A of the black bean foaming agent mother liquor.

In the step (3), by mass, the hydrogen peroxide accounts for 45%, the alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate 14%, the dodecanol 10%, the copper oxide 3% and the balance of water.

The weight percentage of the water, the cement and the sand ash in the step (4) is 0.5:1.0: 0.45.

The mass ratio of the foaming agent A to the foaming agent B in the step (4) is 2: 1.0.

And (4) the mass of the calcium lignosulfonate accounts for 1.8% of the total mass of the slurry.

And (3) performing steam curing at 85 ℃, under 0.3MPa for 8 hours in the step (6).

Example 2

The foamed concrete production process described in this embodiment 2 comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing black bean protein powder into a solution by taking a phosphoric acid buffer solution as a solvent, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment and acidolysis, cooling to room temperature, adding pepsin for carrying out oscillatory enzymolysis, and finally carrying out enzyme deactivation and filtration to prepare a black bean foaming agent mother solution A;

(2) adding hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, ethylene diamine tetramethylene phosphate and magnesium stearate into the black bean foaming agent mother liquor A, and then stirring at a high speed to prepare a foaming agent A for later use;

(3) adding hydrogen peroxide, alpha-sodium olefin sulfonate and dodecanol into water, uniformly mixing, then adding copper oxide, stirring to obtain a foaming agent B, and diluting according to the mass ratio of the foaming agent B to the water of 1:30 for later use;

(4) adding water into a mixture of cement and sand ash, uniformly stirring and standing; adding a mixture of the foaming agent A and the foaming agent B, uniformly stirring, finally adding calcium lignosulfonate, and uniformly stirring to prepare slurry;

(5) pouring the uniformly stirred slurry into a mold, and standing for 2 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃;

(6) and (5) cutting the green body prepared in the step (5), and then putting the green body into a kettle for steam curing to obtain the foamed concrete.

Wherein:

the phosphate buffer solution in the step (1) is disodium hydrogen phosphate-sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffer solution, and the pH value is 7.0; the mass-volume ratio of the black soybean protein powder to the phosphate buffer is 0.05 g/mL.

The ultrasonic power in the step (1) is 40W, and the ultrasonic time is 15 min.

The acidolysis in the step (1) adopts sulfuric acid, the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 0.1mol/L, and the acidolysis time is 20 min.

Adding pepsin in the step (1) for oscillating enzymolysis, wherein the enzymolysis temperature is 60 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 8 hours; and (3) preserving the temperature of the water bath enzymolysis liquid at 85 ℃ for 10min for enzyme deactivation.

The mass of the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide in the step (2) accounts for 13% of the mass of the black bean foaming agent mother liquor A; the weight of the ethylene diamine tetra methylene phosphate accounts for 1.3 percent of that of the black bean foaming agent mother liquor A; the mass of magnesium stearate accounts for 4.0% of the mass A of the black bean foaming agent mother liquor.

In the step (3), the hydrogen peroxide accounts for 44% by mass, the alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate 16% by mass, the dodecanol 11% by mass, the copper oxide 3.5% by mass and the balance of water.

The weight percentage of the water, the cement and the sand ash in the step (4) is 0.4:1.0: 0.35.

The mass ratio of the foaming agent A to the foaming agent B in the step (4) is 2.5: 1.0.

And (4) the mass of the calcium lignosulfonate accounts for 1.5% of the total mass of the slurry.

And (3) performing steam curing at the temperature of 85 ℃, under the pressure of 0.2MPa for 9 hours in the step (6).

Example 3

The foamed concrete production process described in this embodiment 3 comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing black bean protein powder into a solution by taking a phosphoric acid buffer solution as a solvent, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment and acidolysis, cooling to room temperature, adding pepsin for carrying out oscillatory enzymolysis, and finally carrying out enzyme deactivation and filtration to prepare a black bean foaming agent mother solution A;

(2) adding hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, ethylene diamine tetramethylene phosphate and magnesium stearate into the black bean foaming agent mother liquor A, and then stirring at a high speed to prepare a foaming agent A for later use;

(3) adding hydrogen peroxide, alpha-sodium olefin sulfonate and dodecanol into water, uniformly mixing, then adding copper oxide, stirring to obtain a foaming agent B, and diluting according to the mass ratio of the foaming agent B to the water of 1:35 for later use;

(4) adding water into a mixture of cement and sand ash, uniformly stirring and standing; adding a mixture of the foaming agent A and the foaming agent B, uniformly stirring, finally adding calcium lignosulfonate, and uniformly stirring to prepare slurry;

(5) pouring the uniformly stirred slurry into a mold, and standing for 1.5 hours at the temperature of 95 ℃;

(6) and (5) cutting the green body prepared in the step (5), and then putting the green body into a kettle for steam curing to obtain the foamed concrete.

Wherein:

the phosphate buffer solution in the step (1) is disodium hydrogen phosphate-sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffer solution, and the pH value is 7.0; the mass-volume ratio of the black soybean protein powder to the phosphate buffer solution is 0.1 g/mL.

The ultrasonic power in the step (1) is 45W, and the ultrasonic time is 12 min.

The acidolysis in the step (1) adopts sulfuric acid, the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 0.2mol/L, and the acidolysis time is 18 min.

Adding pepsin in the step (1) for oscillating enzymolysis, wherein the enzymolysis temperature is 55 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 10 hours; and (3) carrying out heat preservation on the enzymolysis liquid by water bath at the temperature of 90 ℃ for 15min to inactivate enzyme.

The mass of the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide in the step (2) accounts for 14% of the mass of the black bean foaming agent mother liquor A; the weight of the ethylene diamine tetra methylene phosphate accounts for 1.2% of that of the black bean foaming agent mother liquor A; the mass of magnesium stearate accounts for 5% of the mass A of the black bean foaming agent mother liquor.

In the step (3), the hydrogen peroxide accounts for 42% by mass, the alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate accounts for 15% by mass, the dodecanol accounts for 11% by mass, the copper oxide accounts for 4.0% by mass, and the balance is water.

The weight percentage of the water, the cement and the sand ash in the step (4) is 0.45:1.0: 0.40.

The mass ratio of the foaming agent A to the foaming agent B in the step (4) is 3: 1.5.

And (4) the mass of the calcium lignosulfonate accounts for 2.0% of the total mass of the slurry.

And (3) performing steam curing at 83 ℃, under 0.2MPa for 9h in the step (6).

Comparative example 1

The production process of the foamed concrete described in comparative example 1 is the same as that of example 1, and the only difference is that the foaming agent B is not prepared, and only the foaming agent A is used for foaming.

Comparative example 2

The production process of the foamed concrete described in comparative example 2 is the same as that of example 1, and the only difference is that the foaming agent A is not prepared, and only the foaming agent B is used for foaming.

The foamed concrete prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were subjected to a performance test, and the results are shown in Table 1:

TABLE 1 test results of foamed concrete Properties