阅读说明：本技术 一种基于磁流变液体的自调节矩形限位式离合器 (Self-adjusting rectangular limiting clutch based on magnetorheological fluid ) 是由 陈志勇 王建喜 李松 于 2020-12-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种基于磁流变液体的自调节矩形限位式离合器,由切断或传递发动机输出动力的动力传递机构、限制从动盘左右位置的限位装置以及根据磁流空腔中磁流变液体的状态对电磁线圈中电流做出调整的自调节装置构成,解决了离合器在传递力和力矩时的抖动和冲击问题,实现工作状态自调节,提高了离合器的寿命。动力传递机构中的飞轮和从动盘设计成矩形凹槽凸台结构,增大了配合的间接接触面积,它们相配合形成的的磁流空腔中充斥着磁流变液体。当电磁线圈通电后,自调节装置可保证电磁线圈中产生合适的电流,从而离合器中产生合适的磁场强度,磁流空腔中的磁流变液体由类液体变为类固体,飞轮与从动盘相邻面上剪切力使飞轮带动从动盘同步转动。(The invention relates to a self-adjusting rectangular limit type clutch based on magnetorheological fluid, which consists of a power transmission mechanism for cutting off or transmitting the output power of an engine, a limit device for limiting the left and right positions of a driven disc and a self-adjusting device for adjusting the current in an electromagnetic coil according to the state of the magnetorheological fluid in a magnetorheological cavity, solves the problems of shaking and impact of the clutch during force and moment transmission, realizes self-adjustment of the working state and prolongs the service life of the clutch. A flywheel and a driven disc in the power transmission mechanism are designed into a rectangular groove boss structure, the indirect contact area of the matching is increased, and a magnetic flow cavity formed by the matching of the flywheel and the driven disc is filled with magnetic flow variation liquid. When the electromagnetic coil is electrified, the self-adjusting device can ensure that proper current is generated in the electromagnetic coil, so that proper magnetic field intensity is generated in the clutch, the magnetorheological liquid in the magnetorheological cavity is changed into a solid-like liquid, and shearing force on the adjacent surface of the flywheel and the driven disc enables the flywheel to drive the driven disc to synchronously rotate.)

1. The utility model provides a spacing formula clutch of self-interacting rectangle based on magnetic current becomes liquid which characterized in that: the device consists of a power transmission mechanism, a limiting device and a self-adjusting device;

the power transmission mechanism includes an input portion and an output portion; the input part mainly comprises a flywheel gear ring (1), a flywheel (2) in interference fit with the flywheel gear ring (1), a crank output end (4), an electromagnetic coil (11) and a clutch shell (13); the output part mainly comprises an output end cover (18), an output spline shaft (20) and a driven disc (23) connected with the output spline shaft (20);

the limiting device comprises a left limiting device and a right limiting device and is used for limiting the left limiting position and the right limiting position of the driven disc (23); the left limiting device mainly comprises a limiting sleeve (8) and a left adjusting spring (21); the right limiting device consists of a right adjusting spring (22), a driven disc limiting piston (25), a driven disc limiting spring (26), a flywheel limiting piston (27) and a flywheel limiting spring (28);

the self-adjusting device can synchronously rotate along with the flywheel (2) and consists of four identical sub-devices, wherein each sub-device comprises an arc-shaped piston (30) and a supporting double-ring sleeve (46); the arc-shaped piston (30) is internally connected with two cylindrical spiral springs (33) and a U-shaped pipe (44), a resistor I contact (35) and a resistor II contact (36) for connecting a resistor I (37) and a resistor II (38) and a wire contact (40) for connecting a wire (39) are arranged outside the U-shaped pipe (44), an adjusting piston I (34) and an adjusting piston II (43) are arranged inside the U-shaped pipe, and a conductive liquid (41) is filled between the adjusting piston I (34) and the adjusting piston II (43); the supporting double-ring sleeve (46) is provided with a discharge hole (29);

the crank output end (4) is supported on an output end spline shaft (20) through an input end rolling bearing (6), two sides of the flywheel (2) are respectively in threaded connection with the crank output end (4) and the clutch shell (13), and the electromagnetic coil (11) is limited in an annular groove formed by the flywheel (2) and the clutch shell (13); the clutch shell (13) is connected with an output end cover (18); the output end of the output spline shaft (20) is supported on an output end cover (18) through an output end rolling bearing (17); the flywheel (2) is matched with the driven disc (23) to form a rectangular magnetic flow cavity (9) in which magnetorheological liquid (24) is arranged; the limiting sleeve (8) is supported on the output spline shaft (20) through a rolling bearing (7), a left adjusting spring (21) and a right limiting spring (22) are installed on the output spline shaft (20), an inner ring of a supporting double-ring sleeve (46) is connected with the limiting sleeve (8), and an outer ring is connected with an annular groove of the flywheel (2); and magnetorheological liquid (24) in the magnetorheological cavity (9) enters a closed cavity formed by the outer ring of the support double-ring sleeve (46) and the outer part of the arc-shaped piston (30) through the drain hole (29).

2. The magnetorheological fluid based self-adjusting rectangular limit clutch according to claim 1, wherein: four flywheel coil grooves (3) which are uniformly distributed in the circumference are formed in the flywheel (2), and a lead in the electromagnetic coil (11) penetrates through the flywheel coil grooves (3) to be communicated with the conductive liquid (41) in the U-shaped pipe (44).

3. The magnetorheological fluid based self-adjusting rectangular limit clutch according to claim 1, wherein: the output end spline shaft (20) is connected with the driven disc (23) through a rectangular spline.

4. The magnetorheological fluid based self-adjusting rectangular limit clutch according to claim 1, wherein: the power transmission mechanism further comprises an annular sealing ring (10) and an output end sealing ring (19), the annular sealing ring (10) is arranged at the tail end of the magnetic flow cavity (9), and the output end sealing ring (19) is arranged between the output end cover (18) and the output spline shaft (20).

5. The magnetorheological fluid based self-adjusting rectangular limit clutch according to claim 1, wherein: the flywheel (2) and the driven disc (23) are both in rectangular groove boss structures and are matched with each other to form a magnetic flow cavity (9).

6. The magnetorheological fluid based self-adjusting rectangular limit clutch according to claim 1, wherein: the left adjusting spring (21) and the right adjusting spring (22) control the driven plate (23) to move between a left limit position and a right limit position, one end of the left adjusting spring (21) is pressed on the driven plate (23), the other end of the left adjusting spring is positioned through an outer ring of the rolling bearing (7), one end of the right adjusting spring (22) is pressed on the driven plate (23), and the other end of the right adjusting spring is positioned through a shaft shoulder of the output end spline shaft (20).

7. The magnetorheological fluid based self-adjusting rectangular limit clutch according to claim 1, wherein: the driven disc limiting piston (25) and the flywheel limiting piston (27) are both annular pistons, and eight groups of driven disc limiting springs (26) and eight groups of flywheel limiting springs (28) are uniformly distributed along the circumference where the driven disc limiting piston (25) and the flywheel limiting piston (27) are located.

8. The magnetorheological fluid based self-adjusting rectangular limit clutch according to claim 1, wherein: the inner ring of the supporting double-ring sleeve (46) is supported on the outer ring of the limiting sleeve (8) and is in interference connection, and the left side of the outer ring of the supporting double-ring sleeve (46) is in interference connection with the annular groove of the flywheel (2).

9. The magnetorheological fluid based self-adjusting rectangular limit clutch according to claim 1, wherein: the right end of the arc-shaped piston (30) is clamped with an annular groove of the driven disc (23), one end, close to the axis of the output end spline shaft (20), of the arc-shaped piston (30) is connected with two cylindrical spiral springs (33) and a piston connecting rod (45), the other ends of the two cylindrical spiral springs (33) are connected with an inner ring of a supporting double-ring sleeve (46), the piston connecting rod (45) is connected with a U-shaped pipe (44), and the other end of the U-shaped pipe (44) is fixed with the supporting double-ring sleeve (46) through an adjusting device fixing rod (42); the adjusting piston I (34) is connected with the top end of the left side of the U-shaped pipe (44) through a piston spring (32); and the adjusting piston II (43) is connected with a piston connecting rod (45).

10. The magnetorheological fluid based self-adjusting rectangular limit clutch according to claim 1, wherein: the resistance I contact (35), the resistance II contact (36) and the wire contact (40) of the U-shaped tube (44) are located at different heights, the wire contact (40) is located in the center of the horizontal portion of the U-shaped tube (44), the resistance I contact (35) and the resistance II contact (36) are located at different heights of the left vertical portion of the U-shaped tube (44), the height of the resistance I contact (35) is larger than that of the resistance II contact (36), and the resistance I contact (35) and the resistance II contact (38) are connected respectively; when the flow of the magnetorheological fluid (24) causes the adjusting piston I (34) and the adjusting piston II (43) to move, and the conductive liquid (41) inside the U-shaped pipe (44) is at different heights, the conductive liquid (41) is communicated with the corresponding resistor, so that currents with different magnitudes are generated.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of clutches for automobiles, and particularly relates to a magneto-rheological fluid based self-adjusting rectangular limiting clutch applied to a passenger car chassis.

Background

The clutch is a component directly connected with an engine in an automobile transmission system, is used for ensuring smooth work when the transmission system shifts gears, ensuring stable starting of the automobile and preventing overload of the transmission system, and is a 'switch' for judging whether the power of the engine is transmitted to the transmission system. The driving part and the driven part of the clutch can not adopt rigid connection, and the friction action between the contact surfaces of the driving part and the driven part can be adopted to transmit torque, or liquid is used as a transmission medium, or magnetic force is used to transmit torque. Based on this, the clutches are mainly classified into friction clutches, fluid couplings, electromagnetic clutches, and magnetic powder clutches. The conventional clutch can generate uncomfortable vibration and noise under the condition of improper operation, and good NVH performance becomes an indispensable research content of a vehicle along with the increasing living standard of consumers.

Magnetorheological fluids are a smart material that has rapidly developed over the last decade, and are typically suspensions of micron-sized magnetizable particles dispersed in a mother liquor. When no magnetic field exists, the magnetorheological liquid is Newtonian fluid, and suspended particles change from magnetic neutrality to strong magnetism due to magnetic induction under the action of a strong magnetic field, so that the suspended particles change from liquid to a sticky plastic body instantly, the rheological property of the suspended particles changes rapidly, and the suspended particles show the mechanical property similar to solid and the characteristics of high viscosity and low fluidity. The yield stress changes with the change of an external magnetic field, the solid-liquid conversion is completed within millisecond order, and the material recovers the fluidity rapidly after the magnetic field is removed. The magnetorheological fluid has stronger temperature stability and impurity pollution resistance, so the application prospect is wider. The clutch based on the magnetorheological fluid can solve the problems of large abrasion and noise in the working process of the traditional clutch, but the application of the magnetorheological fluid is restricted due to insufficient shear yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid. Meanwhile, the existing clutch based on the magnetorheological fluid cannot realize the self-adjustment of the working state of the clutch, so that the magnitude of the yield stress is always in a proper working range.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a magnetorheological fluid-based self-adjusting rectangular compression clutch, and aims to solve the problems that the existing magnetorheological fluid-based clutch cannot realize self-adjustment of the working state and the transmission force and the torque of magnetorheological fluid are insufficient.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme, which is described by combining the accompanying drawings as follows:

the utility model provides a spacing formula clutch of self-interacting rectangle based on magnetic current becomes liquid which characterized in that: the device consists of a power transmission mechanism, a limiting device and a self-adjusting device;

the power transmission mechanism includes an input portion and an output portion; the input part mainly comprises a flywheel gear ring 1, a flywheel 2 in interference fit with the flywheel gear ring 1, a crank output end 4, an electromagnetic coil 11 and a clutch shell 13; the output part mainly comprises an output end cover 18, an output spline shaft 20 and a driven disc 23 connected with the output spline shaft 20;

the limiting device comprises a left limiting device and a right limiting device and is used for limiting the left limiting position and the right limiting position of the driven disc 23; the left limiting device mainly comprises a limiting sleeve 8 and a left adjusting spring 21; the right limiting device consists of a right adjusting spring 22, a driven disc limiting piston 25, a driven disc limiting spring 26, a flywheel limiting piston 27 and a flywheel limiting spring 28;

the self-adjustment device, which is capable of rotating synchronously with the flywheel 2, consists of four identical sub-devices, each of which comprises an arc-shaped piston 30 and a supporting double-ring sleeve 46; the arc-shaped piston 30 is internally provided with two cylindrical spiral springs 33 and a U-shaped pipe 44 which are connected with the arc-shaped piston, the U-shaped pipe 44 is externally provided with a first resistance contact 35 and a second resistance contact 36 which are connected with a first resistance 37 and a second resistance 38, and a lead contact 40 which is connected with a lead 39, the arc-shaped piston is internally provided with an adjusting piston I34 and an adjusting piston II 43, and a conductive liquid 41 is filled between the adjusting piston I34 and the adjusting piston II 43; the supporting double-ring sleeve 46 is provided with a discharge hole 29;

the crank output end 4 is supported on the output spline shaft 20 through the input end rolling bearing 6, two sides of the flywheel 2 are respectively in threaded connection with the crank output end 4 and the clutch shell 13, and the electromagnetic coil 11 is limited by an annular groove formed by the flywheel 2 and the clutch shell 13; the clutch housing 13 is connected with an output end cover 18; the driven disc 23 is connected with the output spline shaft 20, and the output end of the output spline shaft 20 is supported on the output end cover 18 through the output end rolling bearing 17; the flywheel 2 is matched with the driven disc 23 to form a rectangular magnetic flow cavity 9, and magnetorheological liquid 24 is arranged in the rectangular magnetic flow cavity; the limiting sleeve 8 is supported on the output spline shaft 20 through a rolling bearing 7; the left adjusting spring 21 and the right limiting spring 22 are arranged on the output spline shaft 20; the inner ring of the supporting double-ring sleeve 46 is connected with the limiting sleeve 8, and the outer ring is connected with the annular groove of the flywheel 2; the magnetorheological fluid 24 in the magnetorheological cavity 9 enters a closed cavity formed by the outer ring of the supporting double-ring sleeve 46 and the outer part of the arc-shaped piston 30 through the drain hole 29.

Furthermore, four flywheel coil grooves 3 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the flywheel 2, and a lead in the electromagnetic coil 11 passes through the flywheel coil grooves 3 to be communicated with the conductive liquid 41 in the U-shaped pipe 44.

Further, the output end spline shaft (20) is connected with the driven disc (23) through a rectangular spline.

Further, the power transmission mechanism further comprises an annular sealing ring 10 and an output end sealing ring 19, the annular sealing ring 10 is arranged at the tail end of the magnetic flow cavity 9, and the output end sealing ring 19 is arranged between the output end cover 18 and the output spline shaft 20.

Further, the flywheel 2 and the driven disc 23 are both in a rectangular groove boss structure and are matched with each other to form a magnetic flow cavity 9.

Further, the left adjusting spring 21 and the right adjusting spring 22 control the driven plate 23 to move between the left limit position and the right limit position, one end of the left adjusting spring 21 presses on the driven plate 23, the other end of the left adjusting spring is positioned through the outer ring of the rolling bearing 7, one end of the right adjusting spring 22 presses on the driven plate 23, and the other end of the right adjusting spring is positioned through the shaft shoulder of the output spline shaft 20.

Furthermore, the driven disc limiting piston 25 and the flywheel limiting piston 27 are both annular pistons, and eight groups of driven disc limiting springs 26 and eight groups of flywheel limiting springs 28 are uniformly distributed along the circumference where the driven disc limiting piston 25 and the flywheel limiting piston 27 are located.

Further, the inner ring of the supporting double-ring sleeve 46 is supported on the outer ring of the limiting sleeve 8, the inner ring and the outer ring are in interference connection, and the left side of the outer ring of the supporting double-ring sleeve 46 is in interference connection with the annular groove of the flywheel 2.

Further, the right end of the arc-shaped piston 30 is clamped with the annular groove of the driven disc 23, one end, close to the axis of the output spline shaft 20, of the arc-shaped piston 30 is connected with the two cylindrical helical springs 33 and the piston connecting rod 45, the other ends of the two cylindrical helical springs 33 are connected with the inner ring of the supporting double-ring sleeve 46, the piston connecting rod 45 is connected with the U-shaped pipe 44, and the other end of the U-shaped pipe 44 is fixed with the supporting double-ring sleeve 46 through the adjusting device fixing rod 42; the adjusting piston I34 is connected with the top end of the left side of the U-shaped pipe 44 through a piston spring 32; the adjusting piston II 43 is connected with a piston connecting rod 45.

Further, the first resistor contact 35, the second resistor contact 36 and the wire contact 40 of the U-shaped tube 44 are located at different heights, the wire contact 40 is located at the center of the horizontal portion of the U-shaped tube 44, the first resistor contact 35 and the second resistor contact 36 are located at different heights of the left vertical portion of the U-shaped tube 44, the first resistor contact 35 is higher than the second resistor contact 36, and the first resistor contact 35 and the second resistor contact are respectively connected with the first resistor 37 and the second resistor 38; when the flow of the magnetorheological fluid 24 causes the adjusting piston I34 and the adjusting piston II 43 to move, so that the conductive liquid 41 in the U-shaped pipe 44 is at different heights, the conductive liquid 41 is communicated with the corresponding resistors, and thus currents of different magnitudes are generated.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the self-adjusting rectangular limit type clutch based on the magnetorheological fluid has a self-adjusting function, and can automatically adjust the current in the electromagnetic coil according to the working state of the driven plate, so that the intensity of the magnetic field intensity is adjusted, the yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid is always in a proper working range, and the self-adjusting function of the clutch is realized;

2. according to the self-adjusting rectangular limit type clutch based on the magnetorheological fluid, the flywheel and the driven disc are designed into the rectangular groove boss structure, so that the indirect contact area of the flywheel and the driven disc during working is increased, and the defect that the shearing force is insufficient when the magnetorheological fluid transmits force and moment is overcome;

3. the application of the magnetorheological fluid effectively solves the problems of larger vibration and noise when the traditional clutch is not operated properly, and improves the driving comfort and the dynamic property;

4. the self-adjusting rectangular limit type clutch based on the magnetorheological fluid has the advantages of simple and reliable structure, simplicity in installation, reliable performance and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a magnetorheological fluid based self adjusting rectangular positive clutch of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a flywheel and driven plate of a magnetorheological fluid based self-adjusting rectangular positive clutch in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a magnetorheological fluid based self-adjusting rectangular limit type clutch driven disc according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional schematic view of an output spline shaft of a magnetorheological fluid based self-adjusting rectangular limit clutch of the present invention;

FIGS. 5 and 6 are enlarged partial views A of the major components of the magnetorheological fluid based self-adjusting rectangular spacing clutch right spacing device of the present invention in different operating states;

FIGS. 7 and 8 are enlarged partial views B of the main components of the magnetorheological fluid based self-adjusting rectangular spacing type clutch self-adjusting device in different working states;

FIG. 9 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a part of components of a magnetorheological fluid based self-adjusting rectangular limit type clutch self-adjusting device.

In the drawing, 1, a flywheel ring gear 2, a flywheel 3, a flywheel coil groove 4, a crank output end 5, a screw I6, an input end rolling bearing 7, a rolling bearing 8, a limiting sleeve 9, a magnetic fluid cavity 10, an annular sealing ring 11, an electromagnetic coil 12, a screw II 13, a clutch housing 14, a nut 15, a washer 16, a bolt 17, an output end rolling bearing 18, an output end cover 19, an output end sealing ring 20, an output spline shaft 21, a left adjusting spring 22, a right adjusting spring 23, a driven plate 24, a magnetorheological fluid 25, a driven plate limiting piston 26, a driven plate limiting spring 27, a flywheel limiting piston 28, a flywheel limiting spring 29, a discharge hole 30, an arc piston 31, a pressure balancing hole 32, a piston spring 33, a cylindrical spiral spring 34, an adjusting piston I35, a resistance I contact 36, a resistance II contact 37, a resistance I38 and a resistance II. The lead 40, the lead contact 41, the conductive liquid 42, the adjusting device fixing rod 43, the adjusting piston II 44, the U-shaped pipe 45, the piston connecting rod 46 and the double-ring sleeve are supported.

Detailed Description

The vibration isolation, noise reduction and self-adjustment design idea provided by the invention is as follows: the flywheel 2 and the driven disc 23 are both designed into rectangular groove boss structures, and the stressed contact area of the flywheel and the driven disc is increased. The magnetic flow cavity 9 between them is filled with a magnetorheological fluid 24. When the electromagnetic coil 11 is electrified, a magnetic field is generated inside the clutch shell 13, under the action of the magnetic field, the magnetorheological liquid is converted from a liquid-like liquid to a solid-like liquid, and a strong dynamic yield stress is generated, so that the flywheel 2 and the driven disc 23 are combined in a non-contact manner, and the vibration and impact generated when the driving part and the driven part of the traditional clutch are contacted are reduced when the clutch is in a working state. In addition, the invention can automatically adjust the current of the electromagnetic coil 11 according to the stress condition of the driven plate 23 of the clutch, thereby changing the magnetic field intensity in the clutch and ensuring the yield stress generated by the magnetorheological fluid to ensure the stable and normal work of the clutch.

The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

The invention relates to a magnetorheological fluid-based self-adjusting rectangular limit clutch, which is composed of a power transmission mechanism, a limit device and a self-adjusting device as shown in figure 1.

The power transmission mechanism includes an input portion and an output portion. The input part consists of a flywheel gear ring 1, a flywheel 2, a flywheel coil groove 3, a crank output end 4, a screw I5, an input end rolling bearing 6, an annular sealing ring 10, an electromagnetic coil 11 and a clutch shell 13. The flywheel gear ring 1 is in interference fit with the flywheel 2, and four flywheel coil grooves 3 which are uniformly distributed on the circumference are arranged in the flywheel 2 for the lead to penetrate. The crank output end 4 is supported on an input end rolling bearing 6 and is connected with the flywheel 2 through four screws I5 which are uniformly distributed on the circumference. The flywheel 2 is connected with the clutch shell 13 through six screws II 12 uniformly distributed on the circumference to form a complete shell. The electromagnetic coil 11 is limited and fixed by an annular groove formed by the flywheel 2 and the clutch housing 13. The output part consists of a nut 14, a washer 15, a bolt 16, an output end rolling bearing 17, an output end cover 18, an output end sealing ring 19, an output spline shaft 20 and a driven disc 23. The flywheel 2 and the driven disc 23 are matched to form a rectangular magnetic flow cavity 9, magnetorheological liquid 24 is arranged in the rectangular magnetic flow cavity 9, and the tail end of the magnetic flow cavity 9 is sealed by an annular sealing ring 10 to prevent the leakage of the magnetorheological liquid 24. The driven disc 23 is connected with the output spline shaft 20 through a rectangular spline, the output end of the output spline shaft 20 is supported on the output end cover 18 through the output end rolling bearing 17, an output end sealing ring 19 is arranged between the output end cover 18 and the output spline shaft 20, the inner part of the clutch shell is ensured to be in a sealed state, and the omission of magnetorheological liquid 24 is prevented. The clutch housing 13 is connected with an output end cover 18 through four nuts 14, washers 15 and bolts 16 which are uniformly distributed on the circumference.

The limiting device comprises a left limiting device and a right limiting device and is used for limiting the left limiting position and the right limiting position of the driven disc 23. The left limiting device consists of a rolling bearing 7, a limiting sleeve 8 and a left adjusting spring 21. The limit of the left limit position to the driven disc 23 is realized through the limit sleeve 8, the left end of the limit sleeve 8 is located through the flywheel 2, the right end of the limit sleeve 8 determines the left limit position of the driven disc 23, the limit sleeve 8 is supported on the output spline shaft 20 through the rolling bearing 7, and the inner ring of the limit sleeve 8 and the outer ring of the rolling bearing 7 are in interference fit. The right limiting device consists of a right adjusting spring 22, a driven disc limiting piston 25, a driven disc limiting spring 26, a flywheel limiting piston 27 and a flywheel limiting spring 28. The driven disc limiting piston 25 and the flywheel limiting piston 27 are annular pistons, and eight groups of driven disc limiting springs 26 and eight groups of flywheel limiting springs 28 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the driven disc limiting piston 25 and the flywheel limiting piston 27. The limitation of the driven disc 23 by the right limit position is realized by a driven disc limit piston 25, a driven disc limit spring 26, a flywheel limit piston 27 and a flywheel limit spring 28. During assembly, the driven disc 23 moves leftwards, the driven disc limiting piston 25 and the flywheel limiting piston 27 are extruded mutually to drive the driven disc limiting spring 26 and the flywheel limiting spring 27 to compress, and the driven disc 23 continues to move leftwards until the driven disc limiting piston 25, the driven disc limiting spring 26, the flywheel limiting piston 27 and the flywheel limiting spring 28 are reset completely, so that the installation is completed. The right limit position is that the driven disc 23 moves to enable the driven disc limit piston 25 to be contacted with the side face of the flywheel limit piston 27. Left regulating spring 21 and right spacing spring 22 are installed on output integral key shaft 20, and left regulating spring 21 left end passes through antifriction bearing 7 outer lane location, and the right-hand member passes through driven plate 23 location, and right regulating spring 22 left end passes through driven plate 23 location, and the right-hand member passes through the shaft shoulder location. The left end of the rolling bearing 7 is positioned through a shaft shoulder, and the right end of the rolling bearing is positioned through a left adjusting spring 21.

The self-adjusting device consists of four identical sub-devices which are evenly distributed around the circumference of the inner ring of the supporting double-ring sleeve 46. The sub-device comprises a discharge hole 29, an arc-shaped piston 30, two pressure balance holes 31, a piston spring 32, two cylindrical spiral springs 33, an adjusting piston I34, two resistance I contacts 35, two resistance II contacts 36, a resistance I37, a resistance II 38, a lead 39, two lead contacts 40, conducting liquid 41, two adjusting device fixing rods 42, an adjusting piston II 43, a U-shaped pipe 44, a piston connecting rod 45 and a supporting double-ring sleeve 46. Wherein, the drain hole 29 is opened on the outer ring of the supporting double-ring sleeve 46, and the magnetorheological fluid 24 between the outer ring of the supporting double-ring sleeve 46 and the arc-shaped piston 30 is communicated with the magnetorheological fluid 24 in the magnetorheological cavity 9 through the drain hole 29. The inner ring of the supporting double-ring sleeve 46 is supported on the outer ring of the limiting sleeve 8, the inner ring and the outer ring are in interference connection, and the left side of the outer ring of the supporting double-ring sleeve 46 is in interference connection with the annular groove of the flywheel 2. One end of the arc-shaped piston 30 close to the axis of the output spline shaft 20 is connected with two cylindrical helical springs 33 and a piston connecting rod 45. The right end of the arc piston 30 is clamped in the annular groove of the driven disc 23 and can move along the diameter direction of the annular groove. The arc-shaped piston 30 divides the cavity in the supporting double-ring sleeve 43 into an inner part and an outer part, the outer part is filled with the magnetorheological fluid 24, and the inner part is provided with adjusting devices such as a U-shaped pipe 44 and the like. The left vertical part outside the U-shaped pipe 44 is provided with a resistor I contact 35 and a resistor II contact 36 which are respectively connected with a resistor I37 and a resistor II 38, the center of the horizontal part at the bottom is provided with a lead contact 40 which is connected with a lead 39, and the lead 39 is a lead in the electromagnetic coil 11 and penetrates through the flywheel coil slot 3 to be connected with the lead contact 40. The U-shaped tube 44 is secured to the support ring sleeve 46 by the adjustment device securing rod 42. Two pressure balance holes 31 are formed in the top end of the left vertical portion inside the U-shaped pipe 44, so that the upper end of the adjusting piston I34 is communicated with the atmosphere, and the adjusting piston I34 is connected with the top end of the left vertical portion inside the U-shaped pipe 44 through a piston spring 32. And an adjusting piston II 43 is arranged at the right vertical part inside the U-shaped pipe 44, and the adjusting piston II 43 is connected with a piston connecting rod 45. The U-shaped pipe 44 is filled with the conductive liquid 41 between the adjusting piston I34 and the adjusting piston II 43. When the flywheel 2 rotates, the self-adjusting means performs a synchronous rotational movement with the flywheel 2.

The left and right adjustment springs 21 and 22 move the driven plate 23 within the left and right limit position ranges. When the driven disc 23 moves leftwards along the axial direction of the output spline shaft 20 from the right extreme position, the thickness of the magnetorheological fluid 24 in the magnetorheological cavity 9 is reduced, the volume is reduced, the fluid pressure is reduced, the utilization value of the magnetorheological fluid 24 is reduced, the indirect contact capacity of the flywheel 2 and the driven disc 23 is weakened, and the yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid is reduced if the electromagnetic coil 11 is electrified at the moment. Therefore, when the driven disc 23 moves leftwards along the axial direction of the output spline shaft 20, the magnetorheological fluid 24 in the magnetorheological fluid cavity 9 enters a cavity formed between the arc-shaped piston 30 and the outer ring of the support double-ring sleeve 46 through the drain hole 29, so that the arc-shaped piston 30 moves towards the direction close to the axial line of the output spline shaft 20, the adjusting piston ii 43 is driven to move towards the direction close to the axial line of the output spline shaft 20, and the adjusting piston i 34 moves towards the direction far away from the axial line of the output spline shaft 20. The liquid level of the conductive liquid 41 in the right vertical portion inside the U-shaped tube 44 falls, and the liquid level of the conductive liquid 41 in the left vertical portion inside the U-shaped tube 44 rises. The centre of the horizontal part outside the U-shaped tube 44 is provided with a wire contact 40 which is connected to the wire 39 of the solenoid coil 11 which passes through the freewheel coil slot 3 and returns to the solenoid coil 11 through the wire contact 40 on the other side of the centre of the horizontal part outside the U-shaped tube 44. When the liquid level of the conducting liquid 41 in the left vertical part inside the U-shaped pipe 44 rises to the horizontal plane of the contact 36 of the resistor II, the resistor II 38 is connected in parallel to the circuit where the electromagnetic coil 11 is located, the total resistance of the circuit is reduced, and when the electromagnetic coil 11 is electrified, the current in the electromagnetic coil 11 is reduced, so that the magnetic field intensity inside the clutch is increased, and the yield stress of the magnetorheological liquid is increased. When the liquid level of the conducting liquid 41 in the left vertical part inside the U-shaped pipe 44 continuously rises to the horizontal plane where the contact 35 of the resistor I is located, the resistor I37 is connected into the circuit in parallel, the total resistance is further reduced, and when the electromagnetic coil 11 is electrified, the current in the electromagnetic coil 11 is further increased, so that the magnetic field intensity inside the clutch is further increased, and the yield stress of the magnetorheological liquid is further increased. This is an automatic adjustment to the effect that when the driven plate 23 moves to the left in the axial direction of the output spline shaft 20, the yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid will be reduced if the driven plate is energized, so that the magnitude of the yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid is within a proper value range.

When the driven disc 23 moves rightwards along the axial direction of the output spline shaft 20 from the left limit position, the thickness of the magnetorheological fluid 24 in the magnetorheological cavity 9 is increased, the volume is increased, the fluid pressure is increased, the utilization value of the magnetorheological fluid 24 is increased, the indirect contact capacity of the flywheel 2 and the driven disc 23 is enhanced, and the yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid is increased if the electromagnetic coil 11 is electrified at the moment. Similarly, the liquid level of the conductive liquid 41 in the right vertical portion inside the U-shaped tube 44 rises, and the liquid level of the conductive liquid 41 in the left vertical portion inside the U-shaped tube 44 falls. When the liquid level of the conducting liquid 41 in the left vertical part inside the U-shaped pipe 44 drops below the horizontal plane where the contact 35 of the resistor I is located, the resistor I37 is not connected in parallel with the circuit, the total resistance of the circuit is increased, and when the electromagnetic coil 11 is electrified, the current in the electromagnetic coil 11 is reduced, so that the magnetic field intensity inside the clutch is reduced, and the yield stress of the magnetorheological liquid is reduced. When the liquid level of the conducting liquid 41 in the left vertical part inside the U-shaped pipe 44 continuously drops to a position below the horizontal plane where the contact 36 of the resistor II is located, the resistor II 38 is not connected in parallel with the circuit, the total resistance of the circuit is further increased, and when the electromagnetic coil 11 is electrified, the current in the electromagnetic coil 11 is further reduced, so that the magnetic field intensity inside the clutch is further reduced, and the yield stress of the magnetorheological liquid is further reduced. This is an automatic adjustment to the yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid that will increase if power is applied when the driven disk 23 moves to the right along the axial direction of the output spline shaft 20, so that the magnitude of the yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid works within a proper value range.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the flywheel 2 and the driven disc 23 are both designed to be rectangular groove boss structures, and the fit clearance between the flywheel 2 and the driven disc 23, namely the magnetic flow cavity 9, is filled with the magnetorheological liquid 24, so that the indirect contact area between the flywheel 2 and the driven disc 23 is increased, and the problem of insufficient shear stress of the magnetorheological liquid 24 is solved. The flywheel 2 is connected with the crank output end 4 through a screw I5, and the driven disc 23 is connected with the output spline shaft 20 in a spline fit mode to complete power transmission and output. Wherein the annular groove of the smallest diameter of the driven disc 23 cooperates with the arc-shaped piston 30.

As shown in fig. 4, the output spline shaft 20 is a power output shaft of the clutch. The output spline shaft 20 is respectively supported on the input end rolling bearing 6, the rolling bearing 7 and the output end rolling bearing 17 from left to right, and the spline part is connected with the spline groove of the driven disc 23 through a spline.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the driven disc position-limiting springs 26 and the flywheel position-limiting springs 28 in the right position-limiting device are equally distributed in eight groups along the circumference where the driven disc position-limiting piston 25 and the flywheel position-limiting piston 27 are located. The design of the limiting spring and the limiting piston of the right limiting device meets the installation requirement, the driven disc limiting piston 25 and the flywheel limiting piston 27 are extruded with each other in the installation process, the driven disc limiting spring 26 and the flywheel limiting spring 28 are compressed, and the driven disc limiting spring and the flywheel limiting piston are reset after installation is completed, so that the assembly requirement is met. As shown in fig. 5. At this time, the driven disc 23 is in contact with the limiting sleeve 8, the thickness and the volume of the magnetorheological fluid 24 in the magnetorheological cavity 9 are minimum, the utilization value of the magnetorheological fluid 24 is minimum, and the indirect contact capacity between the flywheel 2 and the driven disc 23 is weakest. As shown in fig. 6. At this time, the side surfaces of the driven disc limiting piston 25 and the flywheel limiting piston 27 are in mutual contact, the thickness and the volume of the magnetorheological liquid 24 in the magnetorheological cavity 9 are the largest, the utilization value of the magnetorheological liquid 24 is the largest, and the indirect contact capacity between the flywheel 2 and the driven disc 23 is the strongest.

Fig. 7 shows the state of the self-adjusting device when the driven disc 23 is in the left extreme position, and fig. 8 shows the state of the self-adjusting device when the driven disc 23 is in the right extreme position. When the driven disc 23 is in the left extreme position, the current in the electromagnetic coil 11 is at a maximum and the magnetic field strength in the clutch is at a maximum. When the driven disc 23 is in the right extreme position, the current in the electromagnetic coil 11 is minimal and the magnetic field strength in the clutch is minimal. The self-adjusting device correspondingly adjusts according to the state of the magnetorheological fluid 24 in the magnetorheological cavity 9, and the clutch is jointly matched to complete the clutch work.

As shown in fig. 9, the self-adjusting means is divided into four identical sub-means, which are equally spaced around the inner circumference of the supporting double-ring sleeve 46.

The working process of the invention is as follows: when the clutch is required to complete the engagement, the driven plate 23 is located at a position between the left and right extreme positions, and the magnetorheological fluid 24 flows to cause the conductive fluid 41 in the U-shaped tube 44 in the self-adjusting device to be located at a corresponding plane, resulting in a corresponding total resistance of the circuit. The electromagnetic coil 11 is electrified, corresponding current is generated in the circuit, the magnetorheological fluid 24 is converted from liquid-like to solid-like, and the flywheel 2 is indirectly combined with the driven disc 23 to complete the engagement work of the clutch and realize the output of power. When the clutch needs to complete the separation work, the electromagnetic coil 11 is powered off, the magnetorheological fluid 24 is changed from solid-like to liquid-like, and the flywheel 2 is disconnected from the driven disc 23, so that the separation work of the clutch is completed.

Although, the self-adjusting rectangular limit clutch based on the magnetorheological fluid, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that the flywheel and the driven disc are designed into the rectangular groove boss structure, the indirect contact area of the flywheel and the driven disc during the work is increased, and the defect of insufficient shearing force of the magnetorheological fluid during the force and moment transmission is overcome. However, the invention is not suitable for the field of commercial vehicles because of the high forces and moments transmitted by the chassis transmission system of the commercial vehicle.

The above description is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention should not be limited to the disclosure of the embodiment and the drawings. Therefore, it is intended that all equivalents and modifications which do not depart from the spirit of the invention disclosed herein are deemed to be within the scope of the invention.