阅读说明：本技术 一种全封闭半罐式宽频带短基线水管倾斜仪 (Totally-enclosed half-tank type broadband short-baseline water pipe inclinometer ) 是由 欧同庚 李农发 余剑锋 关伟智 陈志高 耿丽霞 张吉庆 于 2020-11-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种全封闭半罐式宽频带短基线水管倾斜仪,包括两个罐体,两罐体的下部通过水管连通,罐体内均设置有漂浮于液体上的浮体,所述罐体为全封闭式结构,水管的长度为2～3m,罐体内液体的液面高度位于水管的中线处；浮体的顶部设置有连接杆,连接杆通过罐体内所设置的导向机构进行水平方向的限位；该水管倾斜仪为全密封式并填充惰性气体,解决蒸馏水易蒸发易变质需补充、更换的问题,可实现永久不更换、不补充液体介质；缩短了基线(水管)长度使安装成本大幅降低,同时降低了仪器的固有周期,拓展了仪器的观测频带,提高了仪器关键特性参数,保证仪器在清晰记录固体潮信息的同时获取短周期异常信息。(The invention provides a totally-enclosed half-tank type broadband short-baseline water pipe inclinometer, which comprises two tank bodies, wherein the lower parts of the two tank bodies are communicated through a water pipe, floating bodies floating on liquid are arranged in the tank bodies, the tank bodies are of a totally-enclosed structure, the length of the water pipe is 2-3 m, and the liquid level of the liquid in the tank bodies is positioned at the center line of the water pipe; the top of the floating body is provided with a connecting rod which carries out horizontal limit through a guide mechanism arranged in the tank body; the water pipe inclinometer is fully sealed and filled with inert gas, solves the problems that distilled water is easy to evaporate and deteriorate and needs to be supplemented and replaced, and can realize permanent replacement and non-supplement of liquid medium; the length of a base line (water pipe) is shortened, so that the installation cost is greatly reduced, the inherent period of the instrument is reduced, the observation frequency band of the instrument is expanded, key characteristic parameters of the instrument are improved, and the instrument is ensured to obtain short-period abnormal information while clearly recording the information of the solid tide.)

1. The utility model provides a totally closed half pot-type broadband short base line water pipe inclinometer, includes two jar bodies at least, and the internal liquid that has held of jar, the lower part of two jar bodies leads to pipe intercommunication, and the internal body all is provided with floats body, its characterized in that on the liquid that floats: the tank body is of a totally enclosed structure, the water pipe is a straight pipe in the horizontal direction, the length of the water pipe is 2-3 m, and the liquid level of liquid in the tank body is located at 1/3-2/3 of the height in the water pipe; the top of the floating body is provided with a connecting rod in the vertical direction, the connecting rod carries out horizontal limiting through a guide mechanism arranged in the tank body, and the connecting rod can vertically slide up and down; the water pipe inclinometer is characterized in that a flat plate type capacitance displacement sensor for processing capacitance change data and converting the capacitance change data into displacement data is further arranged in the water pipe inclinometer, a metal sheet in the flat plate type capacitance displacement sensor is positioned in the tank body and comprises a moving sheet and a fixed sheet which are arranged in parallel, the fixed sheet comprises an upper fixed sheet and a lower fixed sheet, the moving sheet is positioned between the upper fixed sheet and the lower fixed sheet, the moving sheet is arranged at the top end of the connecting rod, a through hole for the connecting rod to pass through is formed in the center of the lower fixed sheet, the fixed sheet is fixed in the tank body through a support, wires are connected to the moving sheet and the fixed sheet, and the wires penetrate out of the tank body and;

when the relative vertical displacement delta d appears in the platform base of installation inclinometer, the liquid level in the jar body at water pipe both ends changes relative to the body, and this change is passed to the float that floats on the liquid level and is driven the connecting rod and slide from top to bottom, thereby the movable plate produces the change with the distance between the stator under the drive of connecting rod and leads to the electric capacity to change, and this displacement volume converts the change delta C of electric capacity into through three formula capacitance displacement sensor, can obtain the linear relation:the sensor detection circuit converts the changed capacitance delta C into changed voltage delta U, outputs the changed voltage delta U to the singlechip to be analyzed and processed, and the variable quantity delta d of the moving plate displacement can be obtained through the output voltage delta U of the sensor.

2. The totally-enclosed half-can type broadband short-baseline water pipe inclinometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid is silicone oil with the viscosity coefficient of 100-150 cP, and argon is filled in the tank body.

3. The totally-enclosed half-can type broadband short-baseline water pipe inclinometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper fixed plate, the moving plate and the lower fixed plate are composed of three round copper plates.

4. The totally-enclosed half-can type broadband short-baseline water pipe inclinometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the guide mechanism is composed of three guide reeds, the three guide reeds use the connecting rod as an original point, included angles of the three guide reeds are 120 degrees, the guide mechanism horizontally positions and pulls the connecting rod to enable the connecting rod to be positioned in the horizontal direction, and meanwhile, the guide mechanism does not restrict the connecting rod in the vertical direction.

5. The totally-enclosed half-can type broadband short-baseline water pipe inclinometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the support comprises a support plate and more than three upright posts, the support plate is horizontally placed and fixed in the tank body, the middle part of the support plate is provided with a through hole for the connecting rod to pass through, the bottom ends of the upright posts are fixed on the support plate, and the upper parts of the upright posts are fixedly connected with the stator; the guide mechanism is arranged on the supporting plate.

6. The totally-enclosed half-can type broadband short-baseline water pipe inclinometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tank body is composed of an upper tank body and a lower tank body, the upper tank body and the lower tank body are sealed at the joint through a sealing strip, the top of the upper tank body is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet and a sealing line passing hole, a wire penetrates out of the sealing line passing hole, and a sealing cover is arranged on the air inlet and the air outlet.

Technical Field

The invention provides a totally-enclosed half-tank type broadband short-baseline water pipe inclinometer, in particular relates to a short-baseline water pipe inclinometer for high-precision detection based on a flat plate type capacitive sensor, and belongs to the technical field of earthquake precursor monitoring.

Background

Inclinometers are a basic instrument for studying the topography of solid tide and seismic precursor observations, and remain so far. The inclinometer is used for measuring the inclination variation of hydraulic buildings such as concrete dams, panel dams, earth and rockfill dams and the like for a long time, is also suitable for the inclination measurement of industrial and civil buildings, roads, bridges, tunnels, roadbeds, civil foundation pits and the like, and can conveniently realize the automation of the inclination measurement.

Water pipe inclinometers are the most common type of inclinometer. Different from the water pipe instrument for workers and people, the traditional long-baseline water pipe inclinometer is used for automatically measuring the inclination change of the crust of the earth and is installed and used in a national earthquake precursor monitoring network for years. The long-baseline water pipe inclinometer has the advantages that the accuracy requirement of measuring the water levels at two ends is low, the measurement is easy to realize, the differential measurement is adopted, the influence of common-mode interference is reduced, the system stability is good, and the interference from the environment is small, so that the long-baseline water pipe inclinometer is widely applied to the observation of earth dynamics, earth inclination, solid tide observation, fault deformation and the like; in long-term use, workers have found that the following disadvantages exist: the traditional long-baseline water pipe inclinometer adopts a communicating pipe full filling type principle, uses an aqueous medium, has a longer baseline, and can effectively observe solid tide and crust deformation only if the baseline needs to be larger than 5m and stable data is output; secondly, the damping of water flow is increased, the self-oscillation period is larger, the frequency band is narrower, only the average effect of the tilting motion in a larger range can be measured, and the observation of the tilting motion of a specific point cannot be done. For the observation of the long-term change of the crust and the change of the tide, the instrument observation requires high precision and long-term stability. However, the instrument cannot respond to crust deformation in a short period within 70s, and particularly, the earthquake precursor is short and the near-high frequency abnormal information is seriously lost, which has great defects for an earthquake precursor observation instrument for earthquake prediction. Thirdly, the air pressure and the personnel inspection are greatly interfered, and the leakage of a container in the water pipe inclinometer, the corrosion of liquid, the temperature difference at two ends of a water pipe and the like are main sources of measurement errors; evaporated distilled water needs to be frequently supplemented, and the data is easy to generate sudden jump; changing the deteriorated distilled water can cause short-term instability of instrument data; and a long hole body needs to be dug during installation, so that the installation cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a totally-enclosed half-tank type broadband short-baseline water pipe inclinometer, which solves the defects in the prior art, is totally-enclosed and filled with inert gas, solves the problems that distilled water is easy to evaporate, easy to deteriorate and needs to be supplemented and replaced, and can realize permanent replacement and non-supplement of liquid media; the length of a base line (water pipe) is shortened, so that the installation cost is greatly reduced, the inherent period of the instrument is reduced, the observation frequency band of the instrument is expanded, key characteristic parameters of the instrument are improved, and the instrument is ensured to obtain short-period abnormal information while clearly recording the information of the solid tide.

The technical scheme adopted for realizing the above purpose of the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a totally closed half pot-type broadband short base line water pipe inclinometer, includes two jar bodies at least, and the internal liquid that has held of jar, the lower part of two jar bodies leads to pipe intercommunication, and the internal body all is provided with floats body, its characterized in that on the liquid that floats: the tank body is of a totally enclosed structure, the water pipe is a straight pipe in the horizontal direction, the length of the water pipe is 2-3 m, and the liquid level of liquid in the tank body is located at 1/3-2/3 of the height in the water pipe; the top of the floating body is provided with a connecting rod in the vertical direction, the connecting rod carries out horizontal limiting through a guide mechanism arranged in the tank body, and the connecting rod can vertically slide up and down; the water pipe inclinometer is characterized in that a flat plate type capacitance displacement sensor for processing capacitance change data and converting the capacitance change data into displacement data is further arranged in the water pipe inclinometer, a metal sheet in the flat plate type capacitance displacement sensor is positioned in the tank body and comprises a moving sheet and a fixed sheet which are arranged in parallel, the fixed sheet comprises an upper fixed sheet and a lower fixed sheet, the moving sheet is positioned between the upper fixed sheet and the lower fixed sheet, the moving sheet is arranged at the top end of the connecting rod, a through hole for the connecting rod to pass through is formed in the center of the lower fixed sheet, the fixed sheet is fixed in the tank body through a support, wires are connected to the moving sheet and the fixed sheet, and the wires penetrate out of the tank body and;

when the relative vertical displacement delta d appears in the platform base of installation inclinometer, the liquid level in the jar body at water pipe both ends changes relative to the body, and this change is passed to the float that floats on the liquid level and is driven the connecting rod and slide from top to bottom, thereby the movable plate produces the change with the distance between the stator under the drive of connecting rod and leads to the electric capacity to change, and this displacement volume converts the change delta C of electric capacity into through three formula capacitance displacement sensor, can obtain the linear relation:the sensor detection circuit converts the changed capacitance delta C into changed voltage delta U, outputs the changed voltage delta U to the singlechip to be analyzed and processed, and the variable quantity delta d of the moving plate displacement can be obtained through the output voltage delta U of the sensor.

The liquid is silicone oil with the viscosity coefficient of 100-150 cP, and argon is filled in the tank body.

The upper stator plate, the moving plate and the lower stator plate are parallel to each other and are connected with conducting wires.

The guide mechanism is composed of three guide reeds, the three guide reeds use the connecting rod as an original point, included angles of the three guide reeds are 120 degrees, the guide mechanism horizontally positions and pulls the connecting rod to enable the connecting rod to be positioned in the horizontal direction, and meanwhile, the guide mechanism does not restrict the connecting rod in the vertical direction.

The support comprises a support plate and more than three upright posts, the support plate is horizontally placed and fixed in the tank body, the middle part of the support plate is provided with a through hole for the connecting rod to pass through, the bottom ends of the upright posts are fixed on the support plate, and the upper parts of the upright posts are fixedly connected with the stator; the guide mechanism is arranged on the supporting plate.

The tank body is composed of an upper tank body and a lower tank body, the upper tank body and the lower tank body are sealed at the joint through a sealing strip, the top of the upper tank body is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet and a sealing line passing hole, a wire penetrates out of the sealing line passing hole, and a sealing cover is arranged on the air inlet and the air outlet.

Compared with the prior art, the totally-enclosed half-tank type broadband short-baseline water pipe inclinometer provided by the invention has the following advantages:

firstly, the invention adopts the communicating pipe half-tank type filling, the filled liquid is silicon oil, and the filling and sealing are carried out by argon gas, thus realizing permanent replacement and non-supplement of liquid medium, and solving the problem that distilled water is easy to evaporate, easy to deteriorate and needs to be supplemented and replaced.

Secondly, the length of the base line of the short-base-line inclinometer can be 2-3 m, the short-base-line inclinometer is suitable for a tunnel body which is narrow in space and not suitable for installing a traditional water pipe inclinometer, and the cost for excavating a long-distance tunnel in a cave can be greatly reduced.

Thirdly, the instrument can realize the whole seal after the length of the instrument base line is shortened, the interference caused by the factors of temperature and air pressure is greatly reduced, and the observation quality of the instrument is improved.

And fourthly, the invention adopts the flat-plate type capacitance displacement sensor to monitor the displacement, has high measurement precision, can meet the requirement of observing the solid tide, and simultaneously can realize the purposes of reducing the inherent period of the water pipe inclinometer and widening the observation frequency band of the water pipe inclinometer by adjusting the length of the basic line of the instrument and the diameters of the pot body and the water pipe.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the whole structure of a totally-enclosed half-tank type broadband short-baseline water pipe inclinometer of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the tank and the interior of the tank;

in the figure: 1-upper tank body, 2-lower tank body, 3-air inlet and outlet, 4-sealed wire through hole, 5-sealed cover, 6-liquid, 7-water pipe, 8-floating body, 9-connecting rod, 10-flat plate type capacitance displacement sensor, 11-upper fixed plate, 12-lower fixed plate, 13-movable plate, 14-lead, 15-guide reed, 16-supporting plate and 17-upright post.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

The totally closed half pot-type broadband short-base line water pipe inclinometer that this embodiment provided, its overall structure is as shown in figure 1 and figure 2, including two jar bodies, the internal liquid 6 that has held of jar, the lower part of two jar bodies leads to pipe 7 intercommunication, the water pipe is the straight tube of horizontal direction, and the length of water pipe is 2 ~ 3m, is fit for the narrow and small unsuitable cave body of installing traditional water pipe inclinometer in space, but the greatly reduced cost of digging long distance cavern in the cave. The liquid level of the liquid in the tank body is located at 1/3-2/3 of the height in the water pipe. The tank body is of a totally enclosed structure, interference caused by factors of temperature and air pressure can be greatly reduced, and observation quality of the instrument is improved. The tank body is composed of an upper tank body 1 and a lower tank body 2, the connection part of the upper tank body and the lower tank body is sealed through a sealing strip, the top of the upper tank body is provided with an air inlet and outlet 3 and a sealing line-passing hole 4, a wire 14 penetrates out of the sealing line-passing hole, and a sealing cover 5 is arranged on the air inlet and outlet. The liquid in the tank body is special silicone oil with the viscosity coefficient of 100-150 cP, and argon is filled in the tank body. The invention adopts the communicating pipe half-tank type filling and uses the argon gas to fill and seal, thereby realizing the permanent replacement and the non-supplement of liquid medium and solving the problems that distilled water is easy to evaporate, easy to deteriorate and needs to be supplemented and replaced. When the device is installed, the upper tank body is opened firstly, the silicone oil is added into the tank body, when the liquid level of the silicone oil reaches the horizontal central line of the water pipe, oiling is stopped, and then the upper tank body is covered. And then the air inlets and the air outlets on the two tanks are opened, argon is introduced from one air inlet and the air outlet, and the other air inlet and the air outlet are used for discharging air in the tanks and the water pipe. And after the argon is full, the gas inlets and the gas outlets on the two tank bodies are closed.

Floating bodies 8 floating on liquid are arranged in the tank bodies, a connecting rod 9 in the vertical direction is arranged at the top of each floating body, the connecting rod is limited in the horizontal direction through a guide mechanism arranged in the tank bodies, and the connecting rod can vertically slide up and down; the guide mechanism is composed of three guide reeds 15, the three guide reeds use a connecting rod as an original point, included angles of the three guide reeds are 120 degrees, the guide mechanism horizontally positions and pulls the connecting rod to enable the connecting rod to be positioned in the horizontal direction, and meanwhile, the guide mechanism does not restrict the connecting rod in the vertical direction. The support includes backup pad 16 and stand 17, and the inside that is fixed in the jar body is placed to the backup pad level, and the middle part of backup pad is provided with the through-hole that supplies the connecting rod to pass, and guiding mechanism installs in the backup pad. The stand is provided with more than three, and on the bottom mounting in backup pad of stand, the upper portion and the stator fixed connection of stand.

The water pipe inclinometer is characterized in that a flat plate type capacitance displacement sensor 10 for processing capacitance change data and converting the capacitance change data into displacement data is further arranged in the water pipe inclinometer, a metal sheet in the flat plate type capacitance displacement sensor is positioned in the tank body and comprises a moving sheet and a fixed sheet which are arranged in parallel, the fixed sheet is fixed in the tank body through a support, the moving sheet is installed at the top end of a connecting rod, the moving sheet and the fixed sheet are both connected with wires, and the wires penetrate out of the tank body and are connected with the flat plate type capacitance displacement sensor; the stator comprises an upper stator 11 and a lower stator 12, the moving plate 13 is positioned between the upper stator and the lower stator, the upper stator, the moving plate and the lower stator are composed of three round copper plates, a through hole for the connecting rod to pass through is formed in the center of the lower stator, the upper stator, the moving plate and the lower stator are parallel to each other, the three are connected with a lead 14, and the upper stator, the moving plate and the lower stator are strictly kept parallel during assembly. The three-pole plate capacitance sensor improves the resolution, meets the measurement requirements of instruments, and simultaneously enables basic parameters such as linearity, measuring range, frequency response and the like to be further optimized.

The specific detection method is as follows: according to the principle that the water surface in the communicating pipe is kept naturally horizontal, when the table base of the main body of the installation instrument is displaced in a vertical mode by delta d, the liquid level in the tank bodies at the two ends of the water pipe changes relative to the body, the change is transmitted to the floater floating on the liquid level to drive the connecting rod to slide up and down, the distance between the movable piece and the fixed piece under the driving of the connecting rod changes, so that the capacitance changes, and the displacement is converted into the change delta C of the capacitance through the three-piece capacitance displacement sensor. Can be used forTo obtain an approximate linear relationship:the sensor detection circuit converts the changed capacitance delta C into changed voltage delta U, and outputs the changed voltage delta U to the singlechip for analysis and processing, and the output voltage delta U of the sensor can be used for calculating the displacement variation of the rotor because the distance delta d between the rotor and the zero position is in direct proportion to the output voltage delta U of the sensor.

The water pipe inclinometer frequency band expanding method comprises the following steps:

because the earth crust is slowly deformed and the variation is extremely small, the flow rate of liquid in the instrument is very small, and the flow is in a laminar state, therefore, the equation of motion of the liquid level in the water pipe inclinometer under the action of no external force according to an ideal fluid Euler kinetic equation is as follows:

in the formula: 8 pi mu/rho a 2 beta omega₀；

Thus:

inherent cycle of the instrument:

where β is the damping constant of the liquid level vibration, ω₀The natural frequency of the liquid level vibration, h the distance of the liquid level from the equilibrium position, mu the liquid viscosity coefficient, g the gravity acceleration, S the sectional area of the pot body, D the length of the instrument baseline, rho the liquid density and a the sectional area of the water pipe. Therefore, the inherent period of the water pipe inclinometer is reduced, the observation frequency band of the water pipe inclinometer can be widened, and the design requirement can be met by adjusting the length of the basic line of the inclinometer and the diameters of the bowl body and the water pipe.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, in addition to implementing the system and its various devices provided by the present invention in purely computer readable program code means, the method steps can be fully programmed to implement the same functions by implementing the system and its various devices in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers and the like. Therefore, the system and various devices thereof provided by the present invention can be regarded as a hardware component, and the devices included in the system and various devices thereof for realizing various functions can also be regarded as structures in the hardware component; means for performing the functions may also be regarded as structures within both software modules and hardware components for performing the methods.

The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.