阅读说明：本技术 一种输出可调控的1×4光子晶体分束器 (Output-adjustable 1 x 4 photonic crystal beam splitter ) 是由 许孝芳 张�浩 黄靖宇 郭幸运 牟双双 于 2020-12-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种输出可调控的1×4光子晶体分束器,所述分束器由若干三角晶格排列的硅圆柱构成,所述分束器内通过移除硅圆柱构建3个连通的Y分束通道,用于构成1×4分束通道；每个所述Y分束通道的分叉处设有液晶组件,所述液晶组件包括若干正方形液晶玻璃柱,若干正方形液晶玻璃柱对称分布在所述Y分束通道的分叉处两侧；任一所述正方形液晶玻璃柱的两端通过导电体与电源连接,通过选择性使任一所述Y分束通道分叉内的液晶组件中的部分或全部正方形液晶玻璃柱与电源导通,使Y分束通道内的折射率改变,用于选择输出通道。本发明实现对光子晶体分束器光传输的调控,使得能进行实时调控,且单个光子晶体分束器的功能多样。(The invention provides a 1 x 4 photonic crystal beam splitter with adjustable output, which is composed of a plurality of silicon cylinders arranged in triangular lattices, wherein 3 communicated Y beam splitting channels are constructed in the beam splitter by removing the silicon cylinders and are used for forming the 1 x 4 beam splitting channels; a liquid crystal assembly is arranged at the bifurcation of each Y beam splitting channel, and comprises a plurality of square liquid crystal glass columns which are symmetrically distributed at two sides of the bifurcation of the Y beam splitting channel; two ends of any square liquid crystal glass column are connected with a power supply through electric conductors, and by selectively enabling part or all of the square liquid crystal glass columns in the liquid crystal assembly in any Y beam splitting channel bifurcation to be conducted with the power supply, the refractive index in the Y beam splitting channel is changed and the Y beam splitting channel is used for selecting an output channel. The invention realizes the regulation and control of the light transmission of the photonic crystal beam splitter, so that the real-time regulation and control can be carried out, and the function of a single photonic crystal beam splitter is various.)

1. A1 x 4 photonic crystal beam splitter with adjustable output is composed of a plurality of silicon cylinders (1) arranged in triangular lattice, and is characterized in that 3 communicated Y beam splitting channels are constructed in the beam splitter by removing the silicon cylinders (1) and are used for forming the 1 x 4 beam splitting channels; a liquid crystal assembly is arranged at the bifurcation of each Y beam splitting channel, and comprises a plurality of square liquid crystal glass columns which are symmetrically distributed at two sides of the bifurcation of the Y beam splitting channel; two ends of any square liquid crystal glass column are connected with a power supply through electric conductors, and by selectively enabling part or all of the square liquid crystal glass columns in the liquid crystal assembly in any Y beam splitting channel bifurcation to be conducted with the power supply, the refractive index in the Y beam splitting channel is changed and the Y beam splitting channel is used for selecting an output channel.

2. The output-controllable 1 x 4 photonic crystal beam splitter of claim 1, wherein the Y beam splitting channel comprises an incident channel, a bifurcation and 2 outgoing channels, the incident channel is communicated with the 2 outgoing channels through the bifurcation, and the included angle of the bifurcation is 120 °; the incident channel is parallel to the 2 emergent channels.

3. The output-controllable 1 x 4 photonic crystal beam splitter according to claim 2, wherein a square liquid crystal glass column is disposed at a focus of the branch, and the two sides of the branch are symmetrically disposed with the square liquid crystal glass column respectively; the center of the square liquid crystal glass column coincides with the center of the removed silicon cylinder (1), and one side face of the square liquid crystal glass column is parallel to the incident channel.

4. The output-controllable 1 x 4 photonic crystal beam splitter of claim 1, wherein part or all of the square liquid crystal glass pillars in the liquid crystal module at the side where the Y-beam splitting channel branches are conducted to a power supply, so that the refractive index in the channel at the side where the Y-beam splitting channel branches is increased for blocking the channel at the side.

5. The output-controllable 1 x 4 photonic crystal beam splitter of claim 1, wherein all of the square liquid crystal glass columns in the liquid crystal modules on both sides of any of the branches of the Y-shaped beam splitting channel are connected to a power supply to increase the refractive index in the channels on both sides of the branches of the Y-shaped beam splitting channel for blocking the Y-shaped beam splitting channel.

6. The output-controllable 1 x 4 photonic crystal beam splitter of claim 1, wherein a part of the square liquid crystal glass pillars in the liquid crystal module at two sides of any of the branches of the Y-shaped beam splitting channel are connected to a power supply, so that the refractive indexes in the channels at two sides of the branch of the Y-shaped beam splitting channel are different, and the power supply is used for changing the splitting ratio in the channels at two sides.

7. The output-controllable 1 x 4 photonic crystal beam splitter according to any of claims 1-6, wherein the lattice constant a of the silicon cylinders (1) of the triangular lattice arrangement is 561nm, the radius of the silicon cylinders (1) is 0.2 a, the height of the silicon cylinders (1) is 4 a; the inner side length of the square liquid crystal glass column is 0.6 star a, the outer side length of the square liquid crystal glass column is 0.8 star a, and the width of the beam splitting channel is

8. The output-controllable 1 x 4 photonic crystal beam splitter according to claim 7, wherein when any one of the square liquid crystal glass columns is connected to a power supply, the internal liquid crystal refractive index of the square liquid crystal glass column is 1.69; when any square liquid crystal glass column is disconnected with a power supply, the liquid crystal refractive index in the square liquid crystal glass column is 1.51.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of photonic crystal beam splitters, in particular to a 1 x 4 photonic crystal beam splitter with adjustable output.

Background

Human beings are currently in the digital information era, various intelligent devices in daily life are visible everywhere, a semiconductor integrated chip is the brain of the intelligent device, and as the integration precision of the semiconductor integrated chip is continuously improved, the semiconductor integrated chip is close to the physical limit at present, and the semiconductor integrated chip develops to the bottleneck period. And the heating problem always affects the performance of semiconductor integrated chips, so that people are urgently required to find semiconductor materials and electronic substitutes to promote the development of the digital information era.

The photonic crystal can manipulate and control photons, and the photons have the advantages of less heat productivity, low energy consumption and the like, so that researchers can see a new continent of chip development, and as more and more optical devices are applied, the photonic integrated chip is the development trend of future chips. The photonic crystal beam splitter is simply and effectively regulated and controlled, and has great significance for the development of photonic integrated chips.

The photonic crystal beam splitter is the most widely used element in the field of photonic integration, and the regulation and control mode adopted by the currently proposed controllable photonic crystal beam splitter needs to change the structure of the photonic crystal beam splitter, so that the regulation and control are extremely difficult, and the real-time regulation and control cannot be realized in practical application, which results in single function of the photonic crystal beam splitter.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the 1 x 4 photonic crystal beam splitter with adjustable output, and the light transmission of the photonic crystal beam splitter is adjusted and controlled by adopting an external voltage mode under the condition of not changing the structure of the photonic crystal beam splitter. The photonic crystal beam splitter can be adjusted and controlled in real time, and the function of the single photonic crystal beam splitter is diversified.

The present invention achieves the above-described object by the following technical means.

A1 x 4 photonic crystal beam splitter with adjustable output is disclosed, wherein the beam splitter is composed of a plurality of silicon cylinders arranged in triangular lattice arrangement, and 3 communicated Y beam splitting channels are constructed in the beam splitter by removing the silicon cylinders and are used for forming the 1 x 4 beam splitting channels; a liquid crystal assembly is arranged at the bifurcation of each Y beam splitting channel, and comprises a plurality of square liquid crystal glass columns which are symmetrically distributed at two sides of the bifurcation of the Y beam splitting channel; two ends of any square liquid crystal glass column are connected with a power supply through electric conductors, and by selectively enabling part or all of the square liquid crystal glass columns in the liquid crystal assembly in any Y beam splitting channel bifurcation to be conducted with the power supply, the refractive index in the Y beam splitting channel is changed and the Y beam splitting channel is used for selecting an output channel.

Further, the Y beam splitting channel comprises an incident channel, a branch and 2 emitting channels, the incident channel is communicated with the 2 emitting channels through the branch, and the included angle of the branch is 120 degrees; the incident channel is parallel to the 2 emergent channels.

Furthermore, a square liquid crystal glass column is arranged at the focus of the fork, and the two sides of the fork are symmetrically provided with the square liquid crystal glass columns respectively; the center of the square liquid crystal glass column coincides with the center of the removed silicon cylinder, and one side face of the square liquid crystal glass column is parallel to the incident channel.

Furthermore, conducting part or all of the square liquid crystal glass columns in the liquid crystal assembly at the branch side of any Y beam splitting channel with a power supply, so that the refractive index in the channel at the branch side of the Y beam splitting channel is increased, and the channel at the branch side is blocked.

Furthermore, all the square liquid crystal glass columns in the liquid crystal assemblies on two sides of any Y beam splitting channel branch are conducted with a power supply, so that the refractive index in the channels on two sides of the Y beam splitting channel branch is increased, and the Y beam splitting channel is blocked.

Furthermore, part of the square liquid crystal glass columns in the liquid crystal assemblies on two sides of any Y beam splitting channel branch are conducted with a power supply, so that the refractive indexes in the channels on two sides of the Y beam splitting channel branch are different, and the splitting ratio in the channels on two sides is changed.

Further, the lattice constant a of the silicon cylinders in the triangular lattice arrangement is 561nm, the radius of the silicon cylinders is 0.2 a, and the height of the silicon cylinders is 4 a; the inner side length of the square liquid crystal glass column is 0.6 star a, the outer side length of the square liquid crystal glass column is 0.8 star a, and the width of the beam splitting channel is

Further, when any one of the square liquid crystal glass columns is conducted with a power supply, the liquid crystal refractive index in the square liquid crystal glass column is 1.69; when any square liquid crystal glass column is disconnected with a power supply, the liquid crystal refractive index in the square liquid crystal glass column is 1.51.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the output-adjustable 1 x 4 photonic crystal beam splitter provided by the invention can be adjusted without changing the structure of the photonic crystal beam splitter, the adjusting and controlling method is simple, and real-time effective adjustment and control can be realized.

2. The function of the output-adjustable 1 x 4 photonic crystal beam splitter can be realized by selecting a transmission channel and adjusting and controlling the splitting ratio.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a 1 × 4 photonic crystal beam splitter with controllable output according to the present invention.

Fig. 2a is a top view of a 1 × 4 photonic crystal beam splitter with controllable output according to the present invention.

FIG. 2b shows the position of the square liquid crystal glass column according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of single channel propagation of the output-controllable 1 × 4 photonic crystal beam splitter according to the present invention, where fig. 3a is a schematic diagram of first channel transmission, fig. 3b is a schematic diagram of second channel transmission, fig. 3c is a schematic diagram of third channel transmission, and fig. 3d is a schematic diagram of fourth channel transmission.

Fig. 4 is a graph showing the transmission rate analysis of each channel during the first channel transmission.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of propagation of multiple channels of the output-controllable 1 × 4 photonic crystal beam splitter according to the present invention, where fig. 5a is a schematic diagram of transmission of a first channel and a second channel, fig. 5b is a schematic diagram of transmission of the first channel, the second channel, and a third channel, and fig. 5c is a schematic diagram of transmission of all four channels.

FIG. 6a is a diagram of numbering square LC glass columns at different positions.

FIG. 6b is a schematic diagram of the transport when a voltage is applied to the +2 and-2 numbered square liquid crystal glass columns.

FIG. 6c is a schematic diagram of the transport when a voltage is applied to the +2 and-3 numbered square liquid crystal glass columns.

In the figure:

1-silicon cylinder.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2a and fig. 2b, the output-controllable 1 × 4 photonic crystal beam splitter according to the present invention is composed of a plurality of silicon cylinders 1 arranged in a triangular lattice, and 3 connected Y beam splitting channels are constructed in the beam splitter by removing the silicon cylinders 1, so as to form the 1 × 4 beam splitting channels; the Y beam splitting channel comprises an incident channel, a branch and 2 emergent channels, the incident channel is communicated with the 2 emergent channels through the branch, and the included angle of the branch is 120 degrees; the incident channel is parallel to the 2 emergent channels. And 2 emission channels of the first Y beam splitting channel are respectively communicated with an incident channel of the second Y beam splitting channel and an incident channel of the third Y beam splitting channel. A liquid crystal assembly is arranged at the bifurcation of each Y beam splitting channel, the liquid crystal assembly comprises a plurality of square liquid crystal glass columns, as shown in figure 2b, a square liquid crystal glass column is arranged at the focus of the bifurcation, and the two sides of the bifurcation are symmetrically provided with the square liquid crystal glass columns respectively; the center of the square liquid crystal glass column coincides with the center of the removed silicon cylinder 1, one side surface of the square liquid crystal glass column is parallel to the incident channel, and the dotted line in fig. 2b is the original removed silicon cylinder 1. Two ends of any square liquid crystal glass column are connected with a power supply through electric conductors, and by selectively enabling part or all of the square liquid crystal glass columns in the liquid crystal assembly in any Y beam splitting channel bifurcation to be conducted with the power supply, the refractive index in the Y beam splitting channel is changed and the Y beam splitting channel is used for selecting an output channel.

The lattice constant a of the silicon cylinder 1 in the triangular lattice arrangement is 561nm, the radius of the silicon cylinder 1 is 0.2 a, and the height of the silicon cylinder 1 is 4 a; the refractive index of silicon is 3.4. The square liquid crystal glass column is a square hollow column, liquid crystal is added into the square hollow column, the inner side length of the square liquid crystal glass column is 0.6 & ltalpha & gt, the outer side length of the square liquid crystal glass column is 0.8 & ltalpha & gt, and the width of the beam splitting channel isThe upper end and the lower end of the square liquid crystal glass column are provided with metal platesIs connected with a power supply. The control of the refractive index of the internal liquid crystal material can be achieved by applying or cutting off a voltage to the metal plates at the two ends of the square liquid crystal glass column. When no voltage is applied across the liquid crystal material, the refractive index of the liquid crystal is 1.51, and when a voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned along the photonic crystal column, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal material is 1.69. The transmission of light can be regulated and controlled by controlling the refractive index of the liquid crystal.

And conducting part or all of the square liquid crystal glass columns in the liquid crystal assembly at the bifurcation side of any Y beam splitting channel with a power supply to increase the refractive index in the channel at the bifurcation side of the Y beam splitting channel so as to block the channel at the side. And conducting all the square liquid crystal glass columns in the liquid crystal assemblies on two sides of any Y beam splitting channel fork with a power supply, so that the refractive index in the channels on two sides of the Y beam splitting channel fork is increased, and the Y beam splitting channel is blocked. As shown in fig. 3, the two sides of the Y beam splitting channel are indicated by the upper and lower sides, respectively, for clarity of illustration. In fig. 3a, all the square liquid crystal glass columns on the lower sides of the first Y beam splitting channel and the second Y beam splitting channel are conducted with the power supply, and all the square liquid crystal glass columns in the third Y beam splitting channel are conducted with the power supply, so that light is input from the incident channel of the first Y beam splitting channel and output from the emergent channel on the upper side of the second Y beam splitting channel, that is, the light is output from the first channel. In fig. 3b, all the square liquid crystal glass columns on the lower side of the first Y beam splitting channel and the upper side of the second Y beam splitting channel are conducted with the power supply, and all the square liquid crystal glass columns in the third Y beam splitting channel are conducted with the power supply, so that light is input from the incident channel of the first Y beam splitting channel and output from the emergent channel on the lower side of the second Y beam splitting channel, that is, output from the second channel. In fig. 3c, all the square liquid crystal glass columns on the upper side of the first Y beam splitting channel and the lower side of the third Y beam splitting channel are connected to the power supply, and all the square liquid crystal glass columns in the second Y beam splitting channel are connected to the power supply, so that light is input from the incident channel of the first Y beam splitting channel and output from the emergent channel on the upper side of the third Y beam splitting channel, that is, output from the third channel. In fig. 3d, all the square liquid crystal glass columns on the upper sides of the first Y beam splitting channel and the third Y beam splitting channel are connected to the power supply, and all the square liquid crystal glass columns in the second Y beam splitting channel are connected to the power supply, so that light is input from the incident channel of the first Y beam splitting channel and output from the emergent channel on the lower side of the third Y beam splitting channel, that is, output from the fourth channel. Fig. 4 shows the transmission efficiency of each channel when light is output from the first channel, which means that light can be better controlled to transmit from a specified channel within a certain wavelength range, 1550nm is selected as the working wavelength of the beam splitter, and the following operations are all taken as working wavelengths as examples.

As shown in fig. 5, the present invention can also realize multi-channel simultaneous delivery. In fig. 5a, all the square liquid crystal glass columns on the lower side of the first Y beam splitting channel are conducted with the power supply, and all the square liquid crystal glass columns in the third Y beam splitting channel are conducted with the power supply, so that light is input from the incident channel of the first Y beam splitting channel and output from the upper side and the lower side of the second Y beam splitting channel, that is, output from the first channel and the second channel. In fig. 5b, all the square liquid crystal glass columns on the lower side of the third Y beam splitting channel are conducted with the power supply, so that light is input from the incident channel of the first Y beam splitting channel and output from the 2 outgoing channels of the second Y beam splitting channel and the outgoing channel on the upper side of the third Y beam splitting channel, that is, output from the first channel, the second channel and the third channel. In fig. 5c, none of the 3Y beam splitting channels is connected to the power supply, so that light is input from the incident channel of the first Y beam splitting channel and output from the 2 exit channels of the second Y beam splitting channel and the 2 exit channels of the third Y beam splitting channel, that is, output from the first channel, the second channel, the third channel, and the fourth channel.

And conducting part of square liquid crystal glass columns in the liquid crystal assemblies on two sides of any Y beam splitting channel fork with a power supply, so that the refractive indexes in the channels on two sides of the Y beam splitting channel fork are different, and the light splitting ratio in the channels on two sides is changed. As shown in fig. 6a, the number of the square liquid crystal glass columns at different positions in the second Y beam splitting channel is increased, and the voltage is applied to the two ends of the square liquid crystal glass columns at different positions on the upper and lower sides, so that the splitting ratio can be controlled under the condition of ensuring higher transmission efficiency, and when the voltage is applied to the two ends of the square liquid crystal glass columns numbered with +2 and-2, the electric field distribution of the obtained transmission effect is shown in fig. 6b, at this time, the total transmission efficiency of the two channels is 93.84%, the splitting ratio of the first channel is 49.83%, and the splitting ratio of the second channel is 50.16%. When voltages are applied to the +2 and-3 numbered liquid crystals, the electric field distribution of the transmission effect obtained is shown in fig. 6c, where the total transmission efficiency of the two channels is 92.70%, the splitting ratio of the channel one is 67.21%, and the splitting ratio of the channel two is 32.79%. When a voltage was applied across the square LC glass columns at different positions, the transmission and spectral ratios are shown in Table 1. Therefore, by adjusting the position of the applied voltage, the splitting ratio of each channel can be regulated and controlled in a larger range.

TABLE 1 Spectrum splitting ratio of different numbers of square liquid crystal glass columns after voltage application

Location of applied voltage	Two channel transmission rate	First channel split ratio	Split ratio of second channel
				+4 and-6	95.58％	4.87％	95.13％
+5 and-6	95.33％	12.37％	87.63％
				+5 and-1	95.40％	22.62％	77.38％
+3 and-2	92.86％	32.52％	67.48％
				+3 and-4	90.50％	46.80％	53.20％
+4 and-3	90.47％	52.92％	47.08％
				+2 and-4	92.50％	64.49％	35.51％
+5 and-4	92.20％	73.30％	26.70％
				+1 and-2	95.50％	83.29％	16.71％
+1 and-4	95.23％	90.19％	9.81％

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.