阅读说明：本技术 一种3-巯基丙酸联产氨水的方法 (Method for co-producing ammonia water by 3-mercaptopropionic acid ) 是由 吴林茂 李晖 孙培霞 王杰 于 2020-12-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种3-巯基丙酸联产氨水的方法,该方法包括步骤：在搅拌条件下,将丙烯腈滴加到30～35℃的硫氢化钠溶液中,滴加过程调节温度为30～40℃,滴加完毕后保持温度并反应3～9h,冷却至室温,得到反应液1；往所述反应液1中加入质量浓度为30～40％的氢氧化钠溶液,调节温度为70～80℃,在搅拌状态下反应1～2h,继续加热至沸腾,回流3～5h,得到反应液2,反应期间收集溢出的氨气；用酸调节所述反应液2的pH为1～2,对该反应液用混合液进行萃取,合并有机相1和水相1；将所述有机相1在经过蒸馏回收溶剂后,再减压蒸馏处理,收集108～114℃的馏分,得到无色的3～巯基丙酸。本发明通过3-巯基丙酸和氨水的联产,提高了反应的原子利用率,绿色环保、成本低廉。(The invention discloses a method for co-producing ammonia water by 3-mercaptopropionic acid, which comprises the following steps: under the condition of stirring, dropwise adding acrylonitrile into a sodium hydrosulfide solution at the temperature of 30-35 ℃, adjusting the temperature to 30-40 ℃ in the dropwise adding process, keeping the temperature after the dropwise adding is finished, reacting for 3-9 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a reaction solution 1; adding a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 30-40% into the reaction solution 1, adjusting the temperature to 70-80 ℃, reacting for 1-2 h under a stirring state, continuously heating to boil, refluxing for 3-5 h to obtain a reaction solution 2, and collecting overflowing ammonia gas during the reaction; adjusting the pH value of the reaction liquid 2 to 1-2 by using acid, extracting the reaction liquid by using a mixed liquid, and combining an organic phase 1 and a water phase 1; and distilling the organic phase 1 to recover the solvent, then carrying out reduced pressure distillation treatment, and collecting 108-114 ℃ fractions to obtain colorless 3-mercaptopropionic acid. The method improves the atom utilization rate of the reaction by co-production of the 3-mercaptopropionic acid and the ammonia water, and is green, environment-friendly and low in cost.)

1. A method for co-producing ammonia water by 3-mercaptopropionic acid is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) under the condition of stirring, dropwise adding acrylonitrile into a sodium hydrosulfide solution at the temperature of 30-35 ℃, adjusting the temperature to 30-40 ℃ in the dropwise adding process, keeping the temperature after the dropwise adding is finished, reacting for 3-9 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a reaction solution 1; wherein the molar ratio of sodium hydrosulfide to acrylonitrile is 1-1.2: 1;

(2) adding a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 30-40% into the reaction solution 1, adjusting the temperature to 70-80 ℃, reacting for 1-2 h under a stirring state, continuously heating to boil, refluxing for 3-5 h to obtain a reaction solution 2, and collecting overflowing ammonia gas during the reaction; wherein the molar ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the acrylonitrile is 2: 1;

(3) adjusting the pH value of the reaction liquid 2 to 1-2 by using acid, extracting the reaction liquid by using a mixed liquid, and combining an organic phase 1 and a water phase 1; the volume ratio of the mixed solution is (8-10): 1 toluene and ethyl acetate;

(4) and distilling the organic phase 1 to recover the solvent, then carrying out reduced pressure distillation treatment, and collecting 108-114 ℃ fractions to obtain colorless 3-mercaptopropionic acid.

2. The method for co-producing ammonia and water with 3-mercaptopropionic acid according to claim 1, further comprising, after the step (4), the step of:

(5) extracting the water phase 1 with n-butyl acetate to obtain an organic phase and a water phase 2 respectively, and washing the organic phase with water to obtain an organic phase 2 and a water washing solution;

(6) and recovering the solvent from the organic phase 2 by rotary evaporation, and drying in vacuum at 65-75 ℃ to obtain a white 3, 3' -thiodipropionic acid solid as a byproduct.

3. The method for co-producing ammonia and water with 3-mercaptopropionic acid according to claim 2, further comprising, after the step (5), the step of:

(7) and (3) combining the water phase 2 and the water washing liquid, distilling and crystallizing to obtain an industrial white sodium chloride solid.

4. The method for co-producing ammonia and water with 3-mercaptopropionic acid according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the collection process of the ammonia gas is as follows: leading ammonia gas generated during the reaction to sequentially pass through absorption liquid in an absorption bottle A, an absorption bottle B, an absorption bottle C and an absorption bottle D under the guidance of an air duct, wherein the absorption liquid is distilled water; the temperature of the absorption liquid in the absorption bottle A and the absorption bottle B is 0-5 ℃, and the temperature of the absorption liquid in the absorption bottle C and the absorption bottle D is normal temperature.

5. The method for co-producing ammonia water with 3-mercaptopropionic acid according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 25% to 35% is dripped into the reaction liquid 2 to adjust the pH of the reaction liquid to 1 to 2; the volume ratio of the mixed solution is 9: 1 toluene and ethyl acetate.

6. The method for co-producing ammonia water with 3-mercaptopropionic acid according to claim 5, wherein the mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 30%.

7. The method for co-producing ammonia with 3-mercaptopropionic acid according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the vacuum pressure of the reduced pressure distillation is 15 mmHg.

8. The method for co-producing ammonia water with 3-mercaptopropionic acid according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the sodium hydrosulfide solution is prepared by dissolving industrial sodium hydrosulfide liquid or solid sodium hydrosulfide, and the mass concentration is 30-40%.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of compound synthesis, and particularly relates to a method for co-producing ammonia water with 3-mercaptopropionic acid.

Background

3-mercaptopropionic acid (CAS number: 107-96-0) is a colorless or pale yellow transparent liquid or crystal, has a strong sulfide odor, and is also known as beta-mercaptopropionic acid, thiopropionic acid, and the like. The 3-mercaptopropionic acid can be used as an epoxy resin curing agent, a modifier of coating and paint, a polymer synthetic chain transfer agent, a plastic antioxidant and a stabilizer.

At present, the most adopted production research of 3-mercaptopropionic acid is a process of carrying out Michael addition on acrylonitrile and sodium hydrosulfide and then hydrolyzing, and the process has the advantages of low raw material cost, high atom utilization rate, low requirement on equipment and the like, but has the defect that the purity and yield of the product are low due to more by-products of 3, 3' -thiodipropionic acid. In addition, chinese patents CN101125827A, CN1793117A, CN105348158A, etc. have improved the process to increase the yield. Sodium polysulfide or sulfur powder is added into raw materials to generate dithiodipropionitrile, hydrochloric acid is added for acidification and hydrolysis, and then zinc powder or iron powder is used for reduction. Although the improved method reduces the generation of a byproduct thiodipropionic acid and improves the yield and the purity of the product, the generated acidic waste liquid contains sodium chloride, ammonium chloride, ferric chloride (zinc chloride) and the like, and has complex components, difficult treatment and serious pollution to the environment.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the method for co-producing the 3-mercaptopropionic acid and the ammonia water, which is low in cost, green and environment-friendly and high in yield.

The invention is realized in such a way that a method for co-producing ammonia water by 3-mercaptopropionic acid comprises the following steps:

(1) under the condition of stirring, dropwise adding acrylonitrile into a sodium hydrosulfide solution at the temperature of 30-35 ℃, adjusting the temperature to 30-40 ℃ in the dropwise adding process, keeping the temperature after the dropwise adding is finished, reacting for 3-9 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a reaction solution 1; wherein the molar ratio of sodium hydrosulfide to acrylonitrile is 1-1.2: 1;

(2) adding a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 30-40% into the reaction solution 1, adjusting the temperature to 70-80 ℃, reacting for 1-2 h under a stirring state, continuously heating to boil, refluxing for 3-5 h to obtain a reaction solution 2, and collecting overflowing ammonia gas during the reaction; wherein the molar ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the acrylonitrile is 2: 1;

(3) adjusting the pH value of the reaction liquid 2 to 1-2 by using acid, extracting the reaction liquid by using a mixed liquid, and combining an organic phase 1 and a water phase 1; the volume ratio of the mixed solution is (8-10): 1 toluene and ethyl acetate;

(4) and distilling the organic phase 1 to recover the solvent, then carrying out reduced pressure distillation treatment, and collecting 108-114 ℃ fractions to obtain colorless 3-mercaptopropionic acid.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following step after the step (4):

(5) extracting the water phase 1 with n-butyl acetate to obtain an organic phase and a water phase 2 respectively, and washing the organic phase with water to obtain an organic phase 2 and a water washing solution;

(6) and recovering the solvent from the organic phase 2 by rotary evaporation, and drying in vacuum at 65-75 ℃ to obtain a white 3, 3' -thiodipropionic acid solid as a byproduct.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following step after the step (5): (7) and (3) combining the water phase 2 and the water washing liquid, distilling and crystallizing to obtain an industrial white sodium chloride solid.

Preferably, in step (2), the ammonia gas collection process is: leading ammonia gas generated during the reaction to sequentially pass through absorption liquid in an absorption bottle A, an absorption bottle B, an absorption bottle C and an absorption bottle D under the guidance of an air duct, wherein the absorption liquid is distilled water; the temperature of the absorption liquid in the absorption bottle A and the absorption bottle B is 0-5 ℃, and the temperature of the absorption liquid in the absorption bottle C and the absorption bottle D is normal temperature.

Preferably, in the step (3), hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 25-35% is dripped into the reaction liquid 2 to adjust the pH of the reaction liquid to 1-2; the volume ratio of the mixed solution is 9: 1 toluene and ethyl acetate.

Preferably, the mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 30%.

Preferably, in the step (4), the vacuum pressure of the reduced pressure distillation is 15 mmHg.

Preferably, in the step (1), the sodium hydrosulfide solution is prepared by dissolving industrial sodium hydrosulfide liquid or solid sodium hydrosulfide, and the mass concentration is 30-40%.

The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a method for co-producing ammonia water with 3-mercaptopropionic acid, the invention prepares the 3-mercaptopropionic acid by Michel addition reaction of sodium hydrosulfide and acrylonitrile and subsequent alkaline hydrolysis reaction, and effective separation of the product 3-mercaptopropionic acid and a byproduct 3, 3' -thiodipropionic acid is realized by using extracting agents with different polarities; and simultaneously, the free ammonia released in the alkaline hydrolysis process is absorbed, so that co-production is realized.

Compared with the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the method comprises the steps of hydrolyzing sodium hydrosulfide and acrylonitrile to obtain mercaptopropionitrile under an alkaline condition, and absorbing ammonia gas generated by hydrolysis by using distilled water at a low temperature state to obtain ammonia water with the mass concentration of 20-25%; the ammonia water is a chemical product with wide application, and the invention improves the atom utilization rate of the reaction, reduces the production cost and realizes the low-consumption energy-saving economic production by the co-production of the 3-mercaptopropionic acid and the ammonia water;

(2) the method effectively avoids adding sulfur powder and sodium polysulfide, and simultaneously avoids using an iron powder (or zinc powder) reducing agent, so that a wastewater system generated by the method does not contain iron salt (or zinc salt) which seriously pollutes the environment, the whole reaction process is green and environment-friendly, and the cost is low;

(3) in the prior art, the sodium hydrosulfide and the acrylonitrile are added to obtain the mercaptopropionitrile, and the salt component in a wastewater system generated by hydrolysis under an acidic condition is a mixture of sodium chloride and ammonium chloride, so that the separation and the recycling are not facilitated; the method is hydrolyzed and acidified under the alkaline condition, most organic matters can be extracted out after the n-butyl acetate is extracted, and the industrial white sodium chloride solid with high purity can be obtained after the water phase is evaporated to dryness and can be directly recycled, so that the method meets the requirement of low-emission ecological cycle green economic development;

(4) the invention has low operation requirement in actual operation, high safety and easy realization.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a reaction apparatus involved in the method of the present invention in the example.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1

(1) Dissolving industrial sodium hydrosulfide liquid or solid sodium hydrosulfide to prepare a sodium hydrosulfide solution with the mass concentration of 30%;

under the condition of stirring, adding acrylonitrile dropwise into a 30 ℃ sodium hydrosulfide solution, adjusting the temperature to 40 ℃ in the dropwise adding process, keeping the temperature after the dropwise adding is finished, reacting for 3 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a reaction solution 1; wherein the molar ratio of the sodium hydrosulfide to the acrylonitrile is 1: 1;

(2) adding a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 40% into the reaction solution 1, adjusting the temperature to 80 ℃, reacting for 1h under a stirring state, continuously heating to boil, refluxing for 5h to obtain a reaction solution 2, and introducing the ammonia gas collected and overflowed during the reaction into an ammonia gas collecting device through a gas guide pipe; wherein the molar ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the acrylonitrile is 2: 1;

(3) adjusting the pH value of the reaction solution 2 to 1 by using hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 25%, extracting the reaction solution by using a mixed solution, and combining an organic phase 1 and a water phase 1; the volume ratio of the mixed solution is 8: 1 toluene and ethyl acetate;

(4) and distilling the organic phase 1 to recover the solvent, carrying out reduced pressure distillation treatment under a vacuum environment with the pressure of 15mmHg, and collecting fractions at 108-114 ℃ to obtain colorless 3-mercaptopropionic acid 1.

Example 2

(1) Dissolving industrial sodium hydrosulfide liquid or solid sodium hydrosulfide to prepare a sodium hydrosulfide solution with the mass concentration of 40%;

under the condition of stirring, adding acrylonitrile dropwise into a sodium hydrosulfide solution at 35 ℃, adjusting the temperature to 30 ℃ in the dropwise adding process, keeping the temperature after the dropwise adding is finished, reacting for 9 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a reaction liquid 1; wherein the molar ratio of the sodium hydrosulfide to the acrylonitrile is 1.2: 1;

(2) adding a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 30% into the reaction solution 1, adjusting the temperature to 70 ℃, reacting for 2 hours under a stirring state, continuously heating to boil, refluxing for 3 hours to obtain a reaction solution 2, and collecting overflowing ammonia gas during the reaction; wherein the molar ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the acrylonitrile is 2: 1;

(3) regulating the pH value of the reaction liquid 2 to 1-2 by using hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 25-35%, extracting the reaction liquid by using a mixed liquid, and combining an organic phase 1 and a water phase 1; the volume ratio of the mixed solution is 10: 1 toluene and ethyl acetate;

(4) and distilling the organic phase 1 to recover the solvent, carrying out reduced pressure distillation treatment under a vacuum environment with the pressure of 15mmHg, and collecting fractions at 108-114 ℃ to obtain colorless 3-mercaptopropionic acid 2.

Example 3

(1) Dissolving industrial sodium hydrosulfide liquid or solid sodium hydrosulfide to prepare sodium hydrosulfide solution with mass concentration of 35%;

under the condition of stirring, adding acrylonitrile dropwise into a 32 ℃ sodium hydrosulfide solution, adjusting the temperature to 35 ℃ in the dropwise adding process, keeping the temperature after the dropwise adding is finished, reacting for 6 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a reaction solution 1; wherein the molar ratio of the sodium hydrosulfide to the acrylonitrile is 1.1: 1;

(2) adding a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 35% into the reaction solution 1, adjusting the temperature to 75 ℃, reacting for 1.5h under a stirring state, continuously heating to boil, refluxing for 4h to obtain a reaction solution 2, and collecting overflowing ammonia gas during the reaction; wherein the molar ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the acrylonitrile is 2: 1;

(3) adjusting the pH value of the reaction liquid 2 to 1-2 by using hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 30%, extracting the reaction liquid by using a mixed liquid, and combining an organic phase 1 and a water phase 1; the volume ratio of the mixed solution is 9: 1 toluene and ethyl acetate;

(4) and distilling the organic phase 1 to recover the solvent, carrying out reduced pressure distillation treatment under a vacuum environment with the pressure of 15mmHg, and collecting fractions at 108-114 ℃ to obtain colorless 3-mercaptopropionic acid 3.

Example 4

(5) Extracting the water phase 1 in the step (3) of the embodiment 3 by using n-butyl acetate to respectively obtain an organic phase and a water phase 2, and washing the organic phase by water to obtain an organic phase 2 and a water washing solution;

(6) recovering the solvent from the organic phase 2 by rotary evaporation, and drying in vacuum at 65-75 ℃ to obtain a white byproduct 3, 3' -thiodipropionic acid solid;

(7) and (3) combining the water phase 2 and the water washing liquid, distilling and crystallizing to obtain an industrial white sodium chloride solid.

Example 5

A reaction device for co-production of ammonia water by 3-mercaptopropionic acid is shown in figure 1 and comprises a three-mouth reaction flask, an absorption bottle A, an absorption bottle B, an absorption bottle C and an absorption bottle D, wherein the air outlets of the three-mouth reaction flask are butted with a condensation pipe, the absorption bottle A, the absorption bottle B, the absorption bottle C and the absorption bottle D are sequentially butted through air guide pipes, and the air outlets of the corresponding air guide pipes in the absorption bottles are all positioned below the liquid level in the bottles; the absorption liquid in the absorption bottles A, B, C and D is distilled water, and the difference is that the temperature of the absorption liquid in the absorption bottles A and B is 0-5 ℃, and the temperature of the absorption liquid in the absorption bottles C and D is room temperature.

(1) Dissolving industrial sodium hydrosulfide liquid or solid sodium hydrosulfide to prepare sodium hydrosulfide solution with mass concentration of 35%;

adding the sodium hydrosulfide solution into a three-neck reaction flask through a liquid adding port, dropwise adding acrylonitrile into the sodium hydrosulfide solution at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ under the stirring condition, adjusting the temperature to 35 ℃ in the dropwise adding process, keeping the temperature after the dropwise adding is finished, reacting for 6 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a reaction liquid 1; wherein the molar ratio of the sodium hydrosulfide to the acrylonitrile is 1.2: 1;

(2) adding a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 30-40% into the reaction liquid 1, wherein the molar ratio of sodium hydroxide to acrylonitrile is 2: 1, adjusting the temperature to 70-80 ℃, and reacting for 1-2 h under a stirring state, wherein ammonia gas generated during the reaction enters a condenser pipe through a gas guide pipe, the cooled ammonia gas is collected sequentially through an absorption bottle A, an absorption bottle B, an absorption bottle C and an absorption bottle D, a large amount of ammonia gas is absorbed by water in the absorption bottle A, and a small amount of ammonia gas enters the absorption bottle B and is absorbed by water in the absorption bottle B; a very small amount of ammonia overflowing from the B is absorbed by an absorption bottle C and an absorption bottle D, and the concentration of ammonia in the absorption bottle A can reach 20-25%;

observing no obvious ammonia gas overflow, continuously heating to boil the reaction liquid, and refluxing for 3-5 hr to obtain a reaction liquid 2; removing the gas-guide tube above the condensing tube, and cooling the reaction liquid to room temperature;

(3) adjusting the pH value of the reaction liquid 2 to 1-2 by using hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 30%, extracting the reaction liquid by using a mixed liquid, and combining an organic phase 1 and a water phase 1; the volume ratio of the mixed solution is 10: 1 toluene and ethyl acetate;

(4) and distilling the organic phase 1 to recover the solvent, carrying out reduced pressure distillation treatment under a vacuum environment with the pressure of 15mmHg, and collecting fractions at 108-114 ℃ to obtain colorless 3-mercaptopropionic acid 4.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.