阅读说明：本技术 一种非金属文物电化学保护方法 (Electrochemical protection method for nonmetal cultural relics ) 是由 王万斌 于 2020-11-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种非金属文物电化学保护方法,涉及文物保护技术领域。该非金属文物电化学保护方法包括将非金属文物上设置负极覆盖层；将非金属文物连接电源装置正极；将电源装置负极连接负极覆盖层；启动电源装置,并控制电源装置的输出电流为3A,通过非金属氧化物的表面颜色变化来确定电源装置的启动时间等步骤。该非金属文物电化学保护方法通过将非金属文物接通在正极并将有机酸电解为二氧化碳和水,一方面降低非金属文物的酸性,一方面还原氧化物颜料的色彩达到最大限度保存非金属文物的原有物质。(The invention discloses an electrochemical protection method for a nonmetal cultural relic, and relates to the technical field of cultural relic protection. The electrochemical protection method for the nonmetal cultural relics comprises the steps of arranging a negative electrode covering layer on the nonmetal cultural relics; connecting the non-metal cultural relics with the anode of a power supply device; connecting the negative electrode of the power supply device with the negative electrode covering layer; and starting the power supply device, controlling the output current of the power supply device to be 3A, and determining the starting time of the power supply device through the surface color change of the non-metal oxide. According to the electrochemical protection method for the nonmetal cultural relics, the nonmetal cultural relics are connected on the positive electrode, and the organic acid is electrolyzed into carbon dioxide and water, so that the acidity of the nonmetal cultural relics is reduced, and the original substances of the nonmetal cultural relics are stored to the maximum extent by reducing the color of the oxide pigment.)

1. The electrochemical protection method for the nonmetallic cultural relics comprises a power supply device, a positive electrode covering layer and a carbon rod, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: arranging a positive electrode covering layer on the nonmetal cultural relics;

step two: connecting the non-metal cultural relics with the anode of a power supply device;

step three: connecting the cathode of the power supply device with the carbon rod;

step four: immersing the non-metal cultural relics, the anode covering layer and the carbon rod in a reaction container;

step five: and starting the power supply device, controlling the output current of the power supply device to be 3A, and determining the starting time of the power supply device through the surface color change of the non-metallic oxide.

2. The electrochemical protection method for the nonmetallic cultural relics, which is characterized in that: the non-metal cultural relics are clothes.

3. The electrochemical protection method for the nonmetallic cultural relics, which is characterized in that: the nonmetal cultural relics are bamboo slips.

4. The electrochemical protection method for the nonmetallic cultural relics, which is characterized in that: the nonmetal cultural relics are paintings.

5. The electrochemical protection method for the nonmetallic cultural relics, which is characterized in that: anodal overburden is the carbon fiber net, the carbon fiber net is two-layer to press from both sides non-metallic historical relic between two-layer carbon fiber net, the one side that non-metallic historical relic was kept away from to the carbon fiber net all is provided with the red copper net, be full of the pure water in the reaction vessel, behind starting power supply unit, whenever PH value around the non-metallic historical relic is less than 5 the time, then closes power supply unit, trades the pure water in the reaction vessel, and the water changing amount is 50%, continues starting power supply unit after trading the water, and control power supply unit's voltage is 10V in step five, and the electric current is 3A, dries it after taking out non-metallic historical relic after step five are accomplished.

6. The electrochemical protection method for the nonmetallic cultural relics, which is characterized in that: the non-metal cultural relics are stone-carved cultural relics.

7. The electrochemical protection method for the nonmetallic cultural relics, which is characterized in that: the non-metal cultural relics are argil cultural relics.

8. The electrochemical protection method for the nonmetallic cultural relics, which is characterized in that: the positive covering layer is a carbon fiber net, the carbon fiber net is two layers, the nonmetal cultural relics are sandwiched between the two layers of carbon fiber nets, purified water is filled in the reaction container, after the power supply device is started, when the PH value around the nonmetal cultural relics is lower than 5, the power supply device is turned off, the purified water in the reaction container is changed, the water change amount is 50%, the power supply device is continuously started after the water change, the voltage of the power supply device is controlled to be 10V in the fifth step, the current is 3A, and after the fifth step is finished, the nonmetal cultural relics are taken out and then are coated with wax on the surface of the nonmetal cultural relics.

9. The electrochemical protection method for the nonmetallic cultural relics, which is characterized in that: the power supply device comprises a transformer, an inverter and a rectifier, the current passing through the non-metal cultural relics is controlled to be 3A by adjusting the voltage of the transformer in the fifth step, the anode covering layer is made of a conductive nano material, the conductive nano material is uniformly coated on the surface of the stone-carved cultural relics, the reaction container is filled with a saturated calcium bicarbonate solution, and the solution in the corresponding container is simultaneously heated in the fifth step.

10. The electrochemical protection method for the nonmetallic cultural relics, which is characterized in that: the power supply device comprises a transformer, an inverter and a rectifier, the current passing through the non-metal cultural relics is controlled to be 3A by adjusting the voltage of the transformer in the fifth step, the anode covering layer is made of a conductive nano material, the conductive nano material is uniformly coated on the surface of the stone cultural relics, the reaction container is filled with an electrolyte solution containing silicic acid, ferric acid and metaaluminic acid, and the solution in the corresponding container is simultaneously heated in the fifth step.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cultural relic protection, in particular to an electrochemical protection method for a nonmetal cultural relic.

Background

The cultural relic protection refers to a series of measures for preventing historical relics with historical value, cultural value and scientific value from being damaged, and the process is called cultural relic protection.

The traditional cultural relic protection method is mainly characterized in that the surface of the cultural relic is coated with antioxidant materials such as resin and the like to seal the cultural relic, so that the further corrosion of the cultural relic is reduced. When the metal cultural relic defect is treated, the metal cultural relic defect is repaired by adopting a resin bonding mode, the repairing effect is poor, and the retention time after the repairing is short.

The protection difficulty after the non-metal cultural relics are excavated is far greater than that of the metal cultural relics, the materials of the non-metal cultural relics are easier to oxidize or corroded by acid, the most easily occurring problem in the excavation process of the non-metal cultural relics is that the non-metal cultural relics are originally in a sealed soil layer, weak acids such as formic acid generated by anaerobic bacteria are on the non-metal cultural relics, and when the non-metal cultural relics are exposed in the air, the weak acids such as formic acid are quickly oxidized to cause the local acidity on the surface of the non-metal cultural relics to be too large to cause the pulverization of the.

The invention of the prior application number CN201110428800.X discloses a long-acting protection method for metal and nonmetal cultural relics.

Although the invention solves some problems, the following problems still exist when in use and need to be solved:

the method provided by the invention only coats the surface of the non-metal cultural relic with the insulating layer, prevents the continued oxidation and corrosion, and cannot reduce the original appearance of the non-metal cultural relic before being excavated.

Therefore, the applicant inherits the abundant design development and actual manufacturing experience of the related industry for many years, researches and improves the existing structure and deficiency, and provides an electrochemical protection method for the nonmetal cultural relics so as to achieve the aim of higher practical value.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an electrochemical protection method for nonmetallic cultural relics, which solves the problem that the nonmetallic cultural relics are difficult to store to the maximum extent.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the electrochemical protection method for the nonmetallic cultural relics comprises a power supply device, a positive electrode covering layer and a carbon rod, and comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: arranging a positive electrode covering layer on the nonmetal cultural relics;

step two: connecting the non-metal cultural relics with the anode of a power supply device;

step three: connecting the cathode of the power supply device with the carbon rod;

step four: immersing the non-metal cultural relics, the anode covering layer and the carbon rod in a reaction container;

step five: and starting the power supply device, controlling the output current of the power supply device to be 3A, and determining the starting time of the power supply device through the surface color change of the non-metallic oxide.

Preferably, the non-metal cultural relics are clothes.

Preferably, the non-metal cultural relics are bamboo slips.

Preferably, the non-metal cultural relics are paintings.

Preferably, anodal overburden is the carbon fiber net, the carbon fiber net is two-layer to press from both sides nonmetal historical relic between two-layer carbon fiber net, the one side that nonmetal historical relic was kept away from to the carbon fiber net all is provided with the red copper net, be full of the pure water in the reaction vessel, after starting power supply unit, whenever PH value around the nonmetal historical relic is less than 5, then closes power supply unit, trades the pure water in the reaction vessel, and the volume of trading water is 50%, continues starting power supply unit after trading water, and control power supply unit's voltage is 10V in step five, and the electric current is 3A, dries it after taking out nonmetal historical relic after step five accomplishes.

Preferably, the non-metal cultural relics are stone-carved cultural relics.

Preferably, the non-metal cultural relics are pottery clay cultural relics.

Preferably, the positive covering layer is a carbon fiber net, the carbon fiber net is two layers, the non-metal cultural relics are sandwiched between the two layers of carbon fiber nets, purified water is filled in the reaction container, after the power supply device is started, when the PH value around the non-metal cultural relics is lower than 5, the power supply device is turned off, the purified water in the reaction container is changed by 50%, the power supply device is continuously started after the water is changed, the voltage of the power supply device is controlled to be 10V, the current is 3A in the fifth step, and after the fifth step is finished, the non-metal cultural relics are taken out and then are coated with wax on the surface of the non-metal cultural relics.

Preferably, the power supply device comprises a transformer, an inverter and a rectifier, the current passing through the non-metal cultural relics is controlled to be 3A by adjusting the voltage of the transformer in the fifth step, the anode covering layer is made of conductive nano materials, the conductive nano materials are uniformly coated on the surfaces of the stone-carved cultural relics, the reaction container is filled with saturated calcium bicarbonate solution, and the solution in the corresponding container is simultaneously heated in the fifth step.

Preferably, the power supply device comprises a transformer, an inverter and a rectifier, the current passing through the non-metal cultural relics is controlled to be 3A by adjusting the voltage of the transformer in the step five, the positive electrode covering layer is made of a conductive nano material, the conductive nano material is uniformly coated on the surface of the stone-carved cultural relics, the reaction container is filled with an electrolyte solution containing silicic acid, ferric acid and metaaluminic acid, and the solution in the corresponding container is simultaneously heated in the step five.

(III) advantageous effects

The invention provides an electrochemical protection method for a nonmetal cultural relic. The method has the following beneficial effects:

according to the electrochemical protection method for the nonmetal cultural relics, the nonmetal cultural relics are connected on the positive electrode, and the organic acid is electrolyzed into carbon dioxide and water, so that the acidity of the nonmetal cultural relics is reduced, and the original substances of the nonmetal cultural relics are stored to the maximum extent by reducing the color of the oxide pigment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection of the apparatus (non-metal cultural relics are clothes) according to the method of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection of the apparatus (non-metallic cultural relics are bamboo slips) in the method of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection of the apparatus (non-metallic cultural relics are paintings) according to the method of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection of the apparatus of the present invention (the non-metallic cultural relics are stone-carved cultural relics);

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a litho-text coated with conductive nanomaterial.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1: clothing article

The method comprises the following steps: arranging carbon fiber nets on both sides of the clothes, and arranging a red copper net on one side of the carbon fiber nets, which is far away from the clothes;

step two: linking the clothes to the positive pole of the power supply device;

step three: connecting the cathode of the power supply device with the carbon rod;

step four: immersing clothes, a carbon fiber net, a red copper net and a carbon rod in a reaction container with purified water;

step five: starting a power supply device, controlling the output current of the power supply device to be 3A and the output voltage to be 10V, closing the power supply device after the power supply device is started and whenever the PH value around the clothes is lower than 5, changing the purified water in the reaction container by 50 percent, and continuing to start the power supply device after the water is changed until the colors of the clothes are presented;

step six: and turning off the power supply device, taking out the clothes and then coating wax.

Example 2: painting composition

The method comprises the following steps: arranging carbon fiber nets on both sides of the painting;

step two: drawing a picture as a positive electrode of a link power supply device;

step three: connecting the cathode of the power supply device with the carbon rod;

step four: immersing the painting with the carbon fiber net, the red copper net and the carbon rod in a reaction container with purified water;

step five: starting a power supply device, controlling the output current of the power supply device to be 3A and the output voltage to be 10V, closing the power supply device after the power supply device is started and whenever the PH value around the painting is lower than 5, changing the purified water in the reaction container by 50 percent, and continuing to start the power supply device after the water change until the painting color is presented;

step six: and turning off the power supply device, taking out the painting and then drying the painting.

Example 3: bamboo slip

The method comprises the following steps: arranging carbon fiber nets on both sides of the bamboo slip;

step two: connecting the bamboo slip with the positive electrode of a power supply device;

step three: connecting the cathode of the power supply device with the carbon rod;

step four: immersing the bamboo slip connected with the carbon fiber net, the red copper net and the carbon rod in a reaction container with purified water;

step five: starting a power supply device, controlling the output current of the power supply device to be 3A and the output voltage to be 10V, closing the power supply device after the power supply device is started and whenever the PH value around the bamboo slip is lower than 5, changing the purified water in the reaction container by 50 percent, and continuing to start the power supply device after the water is changed until the color of the bamboo slip is presented;

step six: and turning off the power supply device, taking out the bamboo slip and coating wax.

In examples 1 to 3, the positive electrode reaction and the negative electrode reaction were as follows:

and (3) positive pole reaction: acid radical ion-e of organic acid^-→CO₂↑+H₂O；

And (3) cathode reaction: h⁺+e^-→H₂↑

In the positive pole reaction, acid radical ions of organic acid in the non-metal cultural relics are decomposed into CO after losing electrons₂And H₂And O, the acidity of the nonmetal cultural relics is effectively reduced. The electrolysis to water exists in the positive pole reaction, leads to anodal acidity to rise gradually, and when anodal pH value was less than 5, power supply unit closed, carries out 50% water change to the pure water in the reaction vessel, will be favorable to keeping anodal pH value can not be crossed lowly and corrode nonmetal historical relic once more.

Example 4: stone carving cultural relics

The method comprises the following steps: uniformly coating the conductive nano material outside the stone-etched cultural relic;

step two: connecting the stone carving cultural relics to the anode of a power supply device;

step three: connecting the cathode of the power supply device with the carbon rod;

step four: immersing the stone-etched cultural relic coated with the conductive nano material in a reaction container with saturated calcium bicarbonate;

step five: starting the power supply device, controlling the output current of the power supply device to be 3A through a transformer, determining the starting time of the power supply device through the surface color change degree of the stone-carved cultural relic, heating the reaction container within the starting time, and improving the solubility of the insoluble electrolyte;

step six: and turning off the power supply device, taking out the stone-carved cultural relic, and then coating wax.

In the embodiment of the stone-cut cultural relic, except for the condition that the surface of the stone-cut cultural relic is corroded by organic acid, the material component of the stone-cut cultural relic is mainly calcium carbonate, and calcium bicarbonate is easily decomposed into carbon dioxide and calcium carbonate, so that the saturated calcium bicarbonate solution is selectively added into the reaction vessel, and calcium carbonate decomposed from calcium bicarbonate can re-fill the corroded part of the stone-cut cultural relic.

And (3) positive pole reaction: acid radical ion-e of organic acid^-→CO₂↑+H₂O；

And (3) cathode reaction: h⁺+e^-→H₂↑；

Reaction in solution: ca (HCO)₃)₂+H₂O→CO₂↑+CaCO₃↓

Example 5: pottery clay cultural relics

The method comprises the following steps: uniformly coating conductive nano materials outside the pottery clay cultural relics;

step two: connecting the pottery clay cultural relics with the anode of a power supply device;

step three: connecting the cathode of the power supply device with the carbon rod;

step four: immersing the pottery clay cultural relics coated with the conductive nano materials in a reaction vessel containing silicic acid, ferric acid and metaaluminic acid;

step five: starting a power supply device, controlling the output current of the power supply device to be 3A through a transformer, determining the starting time of the power supply device through the surface color change degree of the pottery clay cultural relics, and heating a reaction container within the starting time to improve the solubility of the insoluble electrolyte;

step six: turning off the power supply device, taking out the pottery clay cultural relics and coating wax on the pottery clay cultural relics.

The components of the pottery clay cultural relics and the stone-carved cultural relics are different greatly, and the main components of the pottery clay cultural relics are silicon dioxide, iron oxide and aluminum oxide, so that silicic acid, ferric acid and metaaluminic acid which have certain solubility in water are selected from the filling solution, and the silicic acid, the ferric acid and the metaaluminic acid can be decomposed into the silicon dioxide, the iron oxide and the aluminum oxide in the solution respectively, thereby achieving the purpose of filling the pottery clay cultural relics.

And (3) positive pole reaction: acid radical ion-e of organic acid^-→CO₂↑+H₂O；

And (3) cathode reaction: h⁺+e^-→H₂↑；

Reaction in solution: h₂SiO₃→H₂O+SiO₂↓；Fe(OH)₃→H₂O+Fe₂O₃↓； HAlO₂→H₂O+Al₂O₃↓

In conclusion, the electrochemical protection method for the nonmetal cultural relics comprises the steps of connecting the nonmetal cultural relics on the positive electrode, and electrolyzing the organic acid into carbon dioxide and water, so that the acidity of the nonmetal cultural relics is reduced, and the original substances of the nonmetal cultural relics are stored to the maximum extent by reducing the color of the oxide pigment.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.