阅读说明：本技术 一种废机油热解装置与热解方法 (Waste engine oil pyrolysis device and method ) 是由 胡二峰 刘壮 伊枭剑 卢义玉 田宜水 戴重阳 李沫杉 于 2020-11-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种废机油热解装置与热解方法,所述装置包括进料系统,供气系统,反应系统以及产物回收系统。废机油的热解过程是在一个由外部加热并具有搅拌装置的热解反应器中进行的,该热解反应器内部具有与外部电机连接的中心轴,中心轴上安装有可拆卸的搅拌叶片。所述一种废机油的热解方法包括供气、进料、热解反应和产物回收步骤,催化剂与废机油混合进料,原位催化热解废机油,可以实现连续进料热解,在搅拌叶片的搅拌作用下反应器内不易发生堵塞,热解气体产物可实现连续收集与在线分析,热解效率高,产物收集效果好。(The invention discloses a waste engine oil pyrolysis device and a pyrolysis method. The pyrolysis process of the used oil is performed in a pyrolysis reactor which is heated from the outside and has a stirring device, the pyrolysis reactor has a central shaft connected with an external motor inside, and a detachable stirring blade is installed on the central shaft. The pyrolysis method of the waste engine oil comprises the steps of gas supply, feeding, pyrolysis reaction and product recovery, the catalyst and the waste engine oil are mixed and fed, the in-situ catalytic pyrolysis of the waste engine oil can realize continuous feeding pyrolysis, the reactor is not easy to block under the stirring effect of the stirring blades, the pyrolysis gas product can be continuously collected and analyzed on line, the pyrolysis efficiency is high, and the product collection effect is good.)

1. The utility model provides a used oil pyrolysis device, component element includes gas supply system, charge-in system, pyrolytic reaction system, result detection and recovery system, its characterized in that, component element's concrete structure and relation of connection are:

the gas supply system comprises a gas cylinder, a gas mass flow meter, a gas preheater, a water tank, a constant flow pump, a steam generator and a mixing preheater, wherein the gas cylinder is connected with the gas mass flow meter, the gas mass flow meter is connected with the gas preheater through a gas guide pipe, one end of the constant flow pump is connected with the water tank, the other end of the constant flow pump is connected with the steam generator, the steam generator is connected to an outlet pipeline of the gas preheater again, the outlet pipeline of the gas preheater is connected with the mixing preheater, and the mixing preheater is connected into the reactor body through;

the feeding system comprises a raw material groove and a feeder, the bottom end of the raw material groove is directly welded with the feeder, and the tail end of the feeder is a stainless steel pipe and is directly introduced into the reactor body;

the pyrolysis reaction system comprises an external heater, a reactor body, a motor, a central shaft, a bearing and a stirring blade, wherein the reactor body is welded with the feeder, the stirring blade is fixed on the central shaft, the central shaft is connected with the motor, the reactor body is coated in the center of the reactor body by the external heater, a layer of quartz wool is arranged between the heating wall of the external heater and the outer wall of the reactor body, the central shaft is connected with the reactor body through the bearing, and the central shaft is in transition fit with the bearing;

the product detection and recovery system comprises a pressure gauge, a temperature display meter, a discharge collecting tank, a discharge valve, a cyclone separator, a semicoke recovery tank, a condenser, a tar recovery tank, an ice water bath, an acetone wash bottle, a wet flowmeter, a gas collection tank and a gas chromatography analyzer, wherein the pressure gauge is welded with the reactor body, the temperature display meter is connected with a thermocouple, the thermocouple is positioned on the outer wall of the reactor body, the discharge collecting tank is positioned at the right lower part of the pyrolysis reaction system, the discharge collecting tank is welded with the reactor body through a stainless steel pipe with the discharge valve, the cyclone separator, the condenser, the acetone wash bottle and the wet flowmeter are sequentially connected with the gas collection tank and the gas chromatography analyzer through a silica gel pipe, the semicoke recovery tank is positioned at the lower end of the cyclone separator, the semicoke recovery tank is connected with the cyclone separator through the stainless steel pipe, and the tar recovery tank, the tar recovery tank is connected with the condenser through a silicone tube, the acetone washing bottle is arranged in the ice-water bath, and the gas collection bin is connected with the gas chromatographic analyzer for on-line analysis of gas components.

2. The used oil pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the reactor body is 200mm in diameter, 350mm in length and 5mm in thickness and is made of stainless steel.

3. The used oil pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the central shaft is 40mm, the length of the central shaft is 280mm, the leftmost end of the central shaft is provided with a hexagonal prism with the length of 50mm, the hexagonal prism is used for being meshed with a motor, two symmetrical screw holes with the outer diameter of 10mm are formed in each position of 90mm, 180mm and 270mm positions on the central shaft from the left end, and the screw holes are used for fixing stirring blades and are made of solid stainless steel.

4. A pyrolysis method adapted to the used oil pyrolysis apparatus of claim 1, comprising the steps of:

1) connecting a pipeline, opening a gas cylinder, closing a discharge valve, adjusting the gas flow, checking the gas tightness, opening a gas preheater, and allowing a gas line in the gas cylinder to enter a reactor to completely remove air in the reactor body;

2) turning on an external heater, a gas preheater, a steam generator and a mixing preheater and respectively adjusting the temperature until the temperature rises to a target temperature;

3) waste engine oil and a catalyst are loaded into a raw material tank, a constant flow pump is started, water in the water tank enters a mixing preheater to be mixed and preheated after passing through the constant flow pump and a steam generator, and the engine oil and the catalyst enter a reactor body from a feeder to start a pyrolysis reaction;

4) the bleeder valve is opened after pyrolytic reaction accomplishes, the pyrolysis product of bottom gets into ejection of compact accumulator in the reactor body, pyrolysis gaseous product at first separates the semicoke that wherein contains in cyclone, and collect by semicoke accumulator, gaseous product passes through the condenser condensation again, the tar that the condensation obtained is collected by tar accumulator, gaseous product passes through the acetone wash bottle in the ice water bath again, the gas that is not condensed at last is collected in the gas collection storehouse behind the wet flowmeter, the gas collection storehouse is connected online analysis gas composition with the gas chromatograph appearance.

5. A pyrolysis process according to claim 4 wherein the gas flow is from 200 to 300 ml/min.

6. A pyrolysis method according to claim 4, wherein the temperature of the external heater is 500 to 900 ℃, the temperature of the gas preheater is 200 to 300 ℃, the temperature of the steam generator is 120 to 150 ℃, and the temperature of the mixing preheater is 300 ℃.

7. A pyrolysis method according to claim 4, wherein the mixing ratio of the used oil to the catalyst is 10: 0.4-10: 0.8, wherein the catalyst is a metal oxide or a transition metal oxide with the diameter of 1-3 mm.

8. A pyrolysis process according to claim 4 wherein the catalyst is Fe₂O₃。

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of resource utilization of waste engine oil, in particular to a waste engine oil pyrolysis device and a waste engine oil pyrolysis method.

Background

It is known that the normal operation of an engine requires a large amount of engine oil (lubricating oil), not only for an automobile engine, but also for various engines which require engine oil and need to be frequently replaced, and in the military industry, a large amount of engine oil is also required, and in the national hazardous waste list, waste engine oil is defined as a hazardous waste (HW08), so that it is seen that the waste engine oil causes great damage to the natural environment if not properly treated.

At present, the treatment method of the waste engine oil comprises the steps of directly discharging the waste engine oil into soil or water, burning, recycling, oiling through a passage and the like. The engine oil contains a large amount of carcinogens, smoke generated by burning can also cause damage to human bodies and natural environment, the recycling rate of the waste engine oil is not high, and a plurality of workshops can recycle the waste engine oil and then flow to the market through simple filtration. The waste engine oil is sprayed on a road with more dust to bond the dust, but the rainwater can bring the engine oil into the environmental water body in rainy days to pollute surface water, underground water and soil.

Pyrolysis is a good method for obtaining energy from waste energetic materials, more tar and pyrolysis gas can be obtained by pyrolyzing coal, biomass and the like, waste engine oil also contains a large amount of volatile components, researchers have obtained high tar yield by pyrolyzing waste engine oil, but research and development on waste engine oil pyrolysis devices are few.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of the conventional waste engine oil treatment, the invention provides a waste engine oil pyrolysis device and a pyrolysis method, which can realize continuous feeding of waste engine oil, mixed feeding of a catalyst and the waste engine oil and large treatment capacity.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a used oil pyrolysis device, the component part includes gas supply system, charge-in system, pyrolysis reaction system, result detection and recovery system, the concrete structure and the relation of connection of component part are:

the gas supply system comprises a gas cylinder, a gas mass flow meter, a gas preheater, a water tank, a constant-flow pump, a steam generator and a mixed preheater, wherein the gas cylinder is connected with the gas mass flow meter, the gas mass flow meter is connected with the gas preheater through a gas guide pipe, the water inlet end of the constant-flow pump is connected with the water tank, the water outlet end of the constant-flow pump is connected with the steam generator, the steam generator is connected with an outlet pipeline of the gas preheater, the outlet pipeline of the gas preheater is connected with the mixed preheater, and the mixed preheater is connected into a. The reaction of the pyrolysis waste engine oil can be carried out under different pyrolysis atmospheres through the gas supply system, and the optimal atmosphere condition of the pyrolysis waste engine oil can be known by observing different pyrolysis atmospheres.

The feeding system comprises a raw material groove and a feeder, the bottom end of the raw material groove is directly welded with the feeder, the tail end of the feeder is a stainless steel pipe with the diameter of 10mm, the stainless steel pipe is directly introduced into the reactor body, and the position connected with the reactor body is welded to ensure the air tightness;

the pyrolysis reaction system comprises an external heater, a reactor body, a motor, a central shaft and stirring blades, wherein the reactor body is welded with the feeder, the fixed stirring blades are fixed on the central shaft, the central shaft is connected with the motor, the reactor body is coated in the center of the reactor body by the external heater, a layer of quartz wool is arranged between the heating wall of the external heater and the outer wall of the reactor body, the central shaft is connected with the reactor body through a bearing, and the central shaft is in transition fit with the bearing;

the product detection and recovery system comprises a pressure gauge, a temperature display meter, a discharge collecting tank, a discharge valve, a cyclone separator, a semicoke recovery tank, a condenser, a tar recovery tank, an ice water bath, an acetone wash bottle, a wet flowmeter, a gas collection tank and a gas chromatography analyzer, wherein the pressure gauge is welded with the reactor body, the temperature display meter is connected with a thermocouple, the thermocouple is positioned on the outer wall of the reactor body, the discharge collecting tank is positioned at the right lower part of the pyrolysis reaction system, the discharge collecting tank is welded with the reactor body through a stainless steel pipe welded with the discharge valve, the cyclone separator, the condenser, the acetone wash bottle and the wet flowmeter are sequentially connected through a silica gel pipe, the semicoke recovery tank is positioned at the lower end of the cyclone separator, the semicoke recovery tank is connected with the cyclone separator through the stainless steel pipe, and the tar recovery tank is positioned at the lower end of the condenser, the tar recovery tank is connected with the condenser through a silicone tube, the acetone washing bottle is arranged in the ice-water bath, and the gas collection bin is connected with the gas chromatographic analyzer for on-line analysis of gas components.

The reactor body is 200mm in diameter, 350mm in length and 5mm in thickness and is made of stainless steel.

The diameter of the central shaft is 40mm, the length of the central shaft is 280mm, the material is solid stainless steel, the leftmost end of the central shaft is provided with a hexagonal prism with the length of 50mm, the hexagonal prism is used for being meshed with a motor, and two symmetrical screw holes with the outer diameter of 10mm are arranged at each position of 90mm, 180mm and 270mm from the left end of the central shaft and used for fixing the stirring blades.

The pyrolysis method of the waste engine oil pyrolysis device comprises the following steps:

1) connecting all systems and all pipelines of the device, opening a gas cylinder, closing a discharge valve, adjusting a gas mass flow meter to control flow, checking gas tightness, allowing gas in the gas cylinder to enter a reactor to completely remove air in the reactor body, adjusting the gas flow, checking the tightness of the device by using soapy water, and ensuring the gas tightness of the device to perform the next operation;

2) opening an external heater, a gas preheater, a steam generator and a mixing preheater and respectively adjusting the temperature, and starting feeding when the temperature rises to a target temperature and the temperature is adjusted to the target temperature;

3) the waste engine oil belongs to a raw material with a low H/C ratio, so that the quality of a product obtained by pyrolyzing the engine oil alone is not ideal, and in order to obtain a high-quality pyrolysis product, catalytic pyrolysis is an excellent means, the waste engine oil and a catalyst are loaded into a raw material tank, a constant-flow pump is turned on, water in the water tank enters a mixing preheater through the constant-flow pump and a steam generator to be mixed and preheated, the engine oil and the catalyst enter a reactor body from a feeder to start pyrolysis reaction, the waste engine oil is uniformly and rapidly heated and starts pyrolysis reaction under the action of stirring blades in the high-temperature reactor body, and macromolecular organic matters in the waste engine oil are decomposed into micromolecular alkanes, olefins, aromatic hydrocarbons and the like under the action of the catalyst;

4) the bleeder valve is opened after pyrolytic reaction accomplishes, the pyrolysis product of bottom gets into ejection of compact accumulator in the reactor body, pyrolysis gaseous product separates the semicoke that wherein contains at first in cyclone, the semicoke that separates is collected by the semicoke accumulator, the gaseous product through cyclone is through the condenser condensation, tar component among the gaseous product is subjected to the cold condensation, the tar that obtains gets enters the tar accumulator and collects, the gaseous product is through the acetone wash bottle who soaks in the ice water bath collection by the tar that the condenser condensation came out, gaseous collection is collected in the gas collection storehouse behind the wet flowmeter at last, the online analysis gas composition is connected with the gas chromatograph in the gas collection storehouse.

The gas flow is 200 ml/min-300 ml/min.

The temperature of the external heater is 500-900 ℃, the temperature of the gas preheater is 200-300 ℃, the temperature of the steam generator is 120-150 ℃, and the temperature of the mixing preheater is 300 ℃.

The mixing ratio of the used oil to the catalyst is 10: 0.4-10: 0.8, the catalyst is a metal oxide or transition metal oxide with the diameter of 1-3 mm, such as Fe₂O₃. The waste engine oil is catalytically pyrolyzed under the action of the catalyst, high-quality tar can be obtained, the used catalyst can also be red mud and bentonite with the grain diameter of 1-3 mm after pretreatment, the catalytic pyrolysis of the waste engine oil can be realized, the aim of treating waste by waste can be achieved, and waste is also treated while the waste engine oil is treated.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. can realize the harmless treatment of the waste engine oil and obtain high-quality tar and pyrolysis gas.

2. The device can feed after the temperature of the reactor body rises to the preset temperature, so that the waste engine oil is heated quickly, and the production of tar is facilitated.

3. Realizes continuous feeding and has large waste engine oil treatment capacity.

4. Be equipped with center pin and stirring vane in this device, used oil is heated evenly at the pyrolysis in-process, and the pyrolysis is complete, efficient and the result productivity is high to the difficult emergence of reactor body is blockked up under stirring vane's effect.

5. The catalyst and the waste engine oil are mixed and fed, the contact area is large, and the waste engine oil is subjected to in-situ catalytic pyrolysis.

6. The product recovery efficiency is high, the gas product firstly passes through a cyclone separator to remove impurities such as semicoke and the like, tar is efficiently recovered through a condenser and an acetone bottle washing, and finally the components of the gas product can be analyzed on line.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a used oil pyrolysis apparatus according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a reactor body, a central shaft and a stirring blade of the used oil pyrolysis apparatus according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a central shaft of the used oil pyrolysis apparatus according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a stirring vane of the used oil pyrolysis apparatus according to the present invention.

Labeled as: the device comprises a gas cylinder 1, a gas mass flow meter 2, a gas preheater 3, a water tank 4, an advection pump 5, a steam generator 6, a mixing preheater 7, a motor 8, a raw material tank 9, a feeder 10, an external heater 11, quartz wool 12, a reactor body 13, a central shaft 14, a stirring blade 15, a pressure gauge 16, a temperature display gauge 17, a discharge collecting tank 18, a cyclone separator 19, a semicoke recovery tank 20, a condenser 21, a tar recovery tank 22, an ice water bath tank 23, an acetone washing bottle 24, a wet-type flow meter 25, a gas collection tank 26, a gas chromatography analyzer 27, a bearing 28 and a discharge valve 29.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and examples.

It should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "connected" in the description of the present invention are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly, detachably, or integrally, mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the waste engine oil pyrolysis device according to the present invention includes a gas supply system, a feeding system, a pyrolysis reaction system, and a product detection and recovery system. The concrete structure and the connection relation of the components are as follows:

the gas supply system comprises a gas cylinder 1, a gas mass flow meter 2, a gas preheater 3, a water tank 4, a constant-flow pump 5, a steam generator 6 and a mixed preheater 7, which are all connected through a stainless steel gas guide pipe with the diameter of 3-5 mm, the gas cylinder 1 is connected with the gas mass flow meter 2, the gas mass flow meter 2 is connected with the gas preheater 3 through the gas guide pipe, the water tank 4 is connected with the constant-flow pump 5, the constant-flow pump 5 is connected with the steam generator 6, the steam generator 6 is connected with an outlet pipeline of the gas preheater 3, the outlet pipeline of the gas preheater 3 is connected with the mixed preheater 7, and the mixed preheater 7 is connected into a reactor body 13 through a pipeline.

The feeding system comprises a raw material groove 9 and a feeder 10, the bottom end of the raw material groove 9 is directly welded with the feeder 10, the tail end of the feeder 10 is a stainless steel pipe with the diameter of 10mm and directly leads into the reactor body 13, and the position connected with the reactor body 13 is welded to ensure the air tightness.

The pyrolysis reaction system includes an external heater 11, a reactor body 13, a motor 8, a central shaft 14, and a stirring blade 15. The reactor body 13 is welded with the feeder 10, the fixed stirring blades 15 are fixed on a central shaft 14, the central shaft 14 is connected with the motor 8, the reactor body 13 is coated in the center of the reactor body by the external heater 11, a layer of quartz wool 12 is arranged between the heating wall of the external heater 11 and the outer wall of the reactor body 13, the central shaft 14 is connected with the reactor body 13 through a bearing 28, and the central shaft 14 is in transition fit with the bearing 28.

The product detection and recovery system comprises a pressure gauge 16, a temperature display gauge 17, a discharge collecting tank 18, a discharge valve 29, a cyclone separator 19, a semicoke recovery tank 20, a condenser 21, a tar recovery tank 22, an ice-water bath tank 23, an acetone wash bottle 24, a wet flowmeter 25, a gas collection tank 26 and a gas chromatography analyzer 27, wherein the pressure gauge 16 is positioned at the upper end of the right side of the reactor body 13, the pressure gauge 16 is welded with the reactor body 13, the temperature display gauge 17 is connected with a thermocouple, and the thermocouple is positioned on the outer wall of the reactor body 13. The discharge collecting tank 18 is located at the lower right side of the pyrolysis reaction system and is welded with the reactor body 13 through a stainless steel pipe with a discharge valve 29 and a diameter of 10 mm. Cyclone 19, condenser 21, acetone wash bottle 24, wet flowmeter 25, gas collection storehouse 26 and gas chromatography 27 loop through the 5mm diameter silicone tube to be connected, semicoke accumulator 20 is located the lower extreme of cyclone 19, semicoke accumulator 20 is connected with cyclone 19 through the 20mm diameter stainless steel pipe, and tar accumulator 22 is located the lower extreme of condenser 21, and tar accumulator 22 is connected with condenser 21 through the 5mm diameter silicone tube. The acetone wash bottle 24 is placed in the ice water bath 23. The gas collecting chamber 26 is connected to a gas chromatograph 27 for on-line analysis of gas components.

The reactor body 13 is 200mm in diameter, 350mm in length and 5mm in thickness, is made of stainless steel, is provided with a hole with the diameter of 10mm above the left side surface and is used for being welded with the feeder 10, is provided with an air hole with the diameter of 5mm below the left side surface and is used for being welded with an air inlet pipeline, and is provided with a hole with the diameter of 60mm in the middle of the left side surface and is used for welding a bearing 28, wherein the outer diameter of the bearing 28 is 60mm, and the inner diameter of the bearing 28 is 40 mm; the reactor body 13 upper right side and right below all have the hole of diameter 10mm, the hole of top is used for connecting the pipeline of giving vent to anger, the hole of below is used for being connected to out the feed bin, has a diameter 5 mm's gas pocket in reactor body 13 right side top for with manometer 16 welding, reactor body 13 is wrapped at its center by external heater 11, has a layer thickness 5 mm's quartz wool 12 in the middle of external heater 11 heating wall and reactor body 13 outer wall.

The diameter of the central shaft 14 is 40mm, the length of the central shaft is 280mm, the material of the central shaft is solid stainless steel, the leftmost end of the central shaft 14 is provided with a hexagonal prism with the length of 50mm, the hexagonal prism is used for being meshed with the motor 8, two symmetrical screw holes with the outer diameter of 10mm are arranged at each position of 90mm, 180mm and 270mm from the left end of the central shaft 14 and used for fixing the stirring blades 15, and the connecting mode of the central shaft 14 and the motor 8 is prismatic meshing.

Stirring vane 15 material is the stainless steel, and all sizes and shapes are the same, and long 60mm, thick 3mm, wide 40mm, and the welding of midpoint department has the external diameter to be 10mm screw rod in the width direction for be connected with the screw hole on the central axis 14.

Example 2

A pyrolysis method suitable for the used oil pyrolysis device is characterized in that the used oil pyrolysis device is connected according to the connection mode of embodiment 1, gas in a gas cylinder 1 is preferably nitrogen, namely, used oil is pyrolyzed in a nitrogen atmosphere, the gas flow is 200ml/min, the gas tightness of the device is firstly checked, a discharge valve 29 is closed, the temperature of a gas preheater 3 is adjusted to 300 ℃, the temperature of a steam generator 6 is adjusted to 120 ℃, the temperature of a mixing preheater 7 is 300 ℃, the temperature of an external heater 11 is 500 ℃, when all the adjusted temperatures are increased to the adjusted temperatures, a motor 8 is opened, 500ml of used oil is added into a raw material tank 9, the used oil enters a reactor body 13 through a feeder 10 to start pyrolysis reaction, and the obtained product contains about 56.4% of coke, about 33.8% of tar and about 9.2% of gas products.

Example 3

A pyrolysis method suitable for the used oil pyrolysis device is characterized in that the used oil pyrolysis device is connected according to the connection mode of embodiment 1, gas in a gas cylinder is preferably nitrogen, namely, the waste oil pyrolysis device is pyrolyzed in nitrogen atmosphere, the nitrogen flow is 200ml/min, firstly, the gas tightness of the device is checked, a discharge valve 29 is closed, the temperature of a gas preheater 3 is adjusted to 300 ℃, the temperature of a steam generator 6 is adjusted to 120 ℃, the temperature of a mixing preheater 7 is 300 ℃, the temperature of an external heater 11 is 600 ℃, and when all adjusted temperatures rise to the adjusted temperatures, a motor 8 is turned on; the catalyst is Fe₂O₃Powder of Fe₂O₃Grinding to 1-3 mm, and feeding the catalyst and 500ml of waste engine oil in a mixed manner, wherein the ratio of the waste engine oil to the catalyst is 10:0.4, about 47.5% of coke, about 45.4% of tar and about 7.1% of gas products in the pyrolysis product are obtained.

The working principle and the process are as follows:

a waste engine oil pyrolysis device and a pyrolysis method are characterized in that firstly, a gas cylinder 1 is opened, a gas mass flow meter 2 is adjusted to control flow, gas firstly enters a reactor to completely remove air in the reactor body, an external heater 11, a gas preheater 3, a steam generator 6 and a mixing preheater 7 are opened and the temperature is respectively adjusted, and feeding can be started after the temperature is all raised to a target temperature after the temperature is adjusted; waste engine oil and a catalyst are put into a raw material tank 9, an advection pump 5 is opened, water in a water tank 4 enters a mixing preheater 7 through the advection pump 5 and a steam generator 6 to be mixed and preheated, the engine oil and the catalyst enter a reactor body 13 in a state from a feeder 10 to start a pyrolysis reaction, meanwhile, a motor 8 drives a stirring central shaft 14 and stirring blades 15 to rotate, the waste engine oil is uniformly and quickly heated under the action of the stirring blades 15 and starts the pyrolysis reaction, macromolecular organic matters in the waste engine oil are heated and decomposed into micromolecular alkane, olefin, aromatic hydrocarbon and the like, and the existence of the catalyst reduces activation energy required by macromolecule breakage so as to accelerate the decomposition speed; the pyrolysis gas product is firstly separated from the semicoke contained in the cyclone separator 19, the separated semicoke is collected by a semicoke recovery tank 20, the gas product subjected to cyclone separation is condensed by a condenser 21, tar components in the gas product are condensed by cooling, the obtained tar enters a tar recovery tank 22 for collection, the gas product is collected by an acetone washing bottle 24 soaked in an ice water bath 23 and is not condensed by the condenser, finally, the gas is collected in a gas collection bin 26 after passing through a wet flowmeter 25, and the gas collection bin 26 is connected with a gas chromatography analyzer 27 for on-line analysis of gas components.

In particular, the gas cylinder 1, the gas mass flow meter 2, the gas preheater 3, the advection pump 5, the steam generator 6, the mixing preheater 7, the feeder 10, the pressure gauge 16, the temperature display gauge 17, the cyclone 19, the condenser 21, the wet flow meter 25, the gas chromatograph 27, and the discharge valve 29 according to the present invention are all common standard components or components known to those skilled in the art, and these components or instruments can be found by referring to relevant manuals or standards. The invention mainly aims to provide a waste engine oil pyrolysis device and a pyrolysis method, which can continuously feed, mix a catalyst and waste engine oil to feed, perform in-situ catalytic pyrolysis on waste engine oil to obtain a high-quality pyrolysis product, and recover energy while performing harmless treatment on the waste engine oil.

In particular, the water tank 4, the raw material tank 9, the discharge collecting tank 18, the semicoke recovery tank 20, the tar recovery tank 22 and the gas collecting bin 26 are all made of stainless steel, and the sizes of the water tank, the raw material tank, the discharge collecting tank 18, the semicoke recovery tank 20, the tar recovery tank 22 and the gas collecting bin 26 can be optimized according to the feeding amount of the reagent.