阅读说明：本技术 加氢站储氢容器降温系统及方法 (Cooling system and method for hydrogen storage container of hydrogen filling station ) 是由 周亮 李明昕 黄景龙 于 2020-12-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种加氢站储氢容器降温系统及方法,旨在解决储气容器在使用过程中温度过高、温升过快及泄漏气体易燃而引发的安全问题。该降温系统主要包括同时配置的喷雾机构、喷淋机构及控制单元；其通过采集储气容器的温度、罐区环境的温度、罐区火焰探测器的信号和相关的按钮的号,逻辑处理后自动控制喷雾或喷淋,从而实现储氢容器的降温冷却功能。本发明能够有效解决储氢容器在使用过程中温度过高及温升过快的问题,以消除安全隐患；且当储氢容器区管线发生氢泄漏燃烧时对储氢容器喷淋冷却,防止储氢容器失效而发生爆炸的风险。(The invention discloses a cooling system and a cooling method for a hydrogen storage container of a hydrogen station, and aims to solve the safety problems caused by overhigh temperature, overhigh temperature rise and inflammable leaked gas in the use process of a gas storage container. The cooling system mainly comprises a spraying mechanism, a spraying mechanism and a control unit which are configured at the same time; the temperature of the gas storage container, the temperature of the tank area environment, the signal of the tank area flame detector and the number of the related button are collected, and spraying or sprinkling is automatically controlled after logic processing, so that the cooling function of the hydrogen storage container is realized. The invention can effectively solve the problems of overhigh temperature and over-quick temperature rise of the hydrogen storage container in the using process so as to eliminate potential safety hazard; and when the pipeline in the hydrogen storage container area generates hydrogen leakage and combustion, the hydrogen storage container is sprayed and cooled, so that the risk of explosion caused by failure of the hydrogen storage container is prevented.)

1. A hydrogen storage container cooling system of a hydrogen refueling station is characterized by comprising:

the spraying mechanism comprises an atomizing water distribution cavity and a plurality of atomizing nozzles, wherein the atomizing water distribution cavity is arranged above the corresponding hydrogen storage container, and the plurality of atomizing nozzles are communicated with the atomizing water distribution cavity;

the spraying mechanism comprises a spraying water distribution cavity and a plurality of spraying holes/nozzles, wherein the spraying water distribution cavity is arranged above the corresponding hydrogen storage container, and the spraying holes/nozzles are communicated with the spraying water distribution cavity;

the control unit comprises a PLC, an environment temperature transmitter for acquiring the environment temperature of the hydrogen storage container region, a temperature sensor for acquiring the temperature of the hydrogen storage container, and a flame detector for monitoring the hydrogen storage container region, wherein the PLC receives signals acquired by each transmitter, sensor or/and detector and sends out control signals after set logic processing so as to realize on-off control of the spraying or/and spraying control valve.

2. The cooling system for hydrogen storage containers in a hydrogen refueling station according to claim 1, wherein the atomization water distribution chamber and the spraying water distribution chamber are arranged in parallel up and down, the plurality of atomization nozzles are correspondingly arranged on the upper side or/and the left and right sides of the atomization water distribution chamber, and the plurality of spraying holes/nozzles are correspondingly arranged on the lower side or/and the left and right sides of the atomization water distribution chamber.

3. The hydrogen station storage vessel cooling system of claim 1, wherein said temperature sensors comprise at least two intrinsically safe temperature sensors for patch mounting on said storage vessel, which are electrically connected to said PLC through a safety gate.

4. The cooling system for the hydrogen storage container in the hydrogen refueling station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control unit further comprises an emergency stop button arranged on the corresponding explosion-proof operation column, and is used for sending emergency stop information to the PLC, controlling the closing of the spraying or/and spraying control valve by the PLC, and simultaneously generating and sending alarm information.

5. The cooling system for hydrogen storage containers in a hydrogen refueling station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control unit further comprises a manual spray or/and spray switch electrically connected to the PLC for manually controlling the opening and closing of the spray or/and spray control valve.

6. The cooling system for the hydrogen storage container of the hydrogen station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control unit further comprises an RS485 communication interface electrically connected to the PLC for uploading relevant data, operation status or/and alarm information of the cooling system to the PLC station control system of the hydrogen station to realize interlocking linkage control with the corresponding whole station control system of the hydrogen station.

7. The hydrogen storage vessel cooling system of a hydrogen refueling station as recited in claim 1 further comprising a UPS power source for powering the control unit.

8. A hydrogen storage container cooling method for a hydrogen refueling station is implemented based on the hydrogen storage container cooling system for the hydrogen refueling station disclosed by claim 1, and comprises the following automatic control steps of:

(1) when the temperature collected by the environment temperature transmitter is more than or equal to 30 ℃, or the temperature collected by the hydrogen storage container temperature sensor is more than or equal to 40 ℃, or the temperature rise of the hydrogen storage container is more than or equal to 3 ℃/min, the PLC controls the opening of the spray control valve to realize automatic spraying;

in the automatic spraying state, when the environmental temperature collected by the environmental temperature transmitter is less than or equal to 25 ℃, and the temperature collected by the hydrogen storage container temperature sensor is less than or equal to 35 ℃, and the judgment condition is met for 5 minutes, the PLC controls to close the spraying control valve and stop spraying work;

(2) when the flame detector detects that hydrogen is leaked and ignited, or the temperature collected by the temperature sensor of the hydrogen storage container is more than or equal to 50 ℃, or the temperature rise of the hydrogen storage container is more than or equal to 8 ℃/min, the PLC controls the spray control valve to be opened, and automatic spraying is realized;

and under the automatic spraying state, when the flame detector detects that the flame is extinguished, the temperature collected by the hydrogen storage container temperature sensor is less than or equal to 45 ℃, and the judgment condition is met for 5 minutes, the PLC controls the spraying control valve to be closed, and the spraying is stopped.

9. The method for cooling the hydrogen storage container in the hydrogen refueling station according to claim 8, wherein a manual spraying switch and/or a manual spraying switch is arranged on the basis of the control unit, and the method further comprises the following manual control steps:

the spraying/spraying manual switch is turned on, and the PLC controls the spraying/spraying control valve to be turned on, so that the manual control of spraying/spraying is realized; and closing the spraying/sprinkling manual switch and automatically controlling by the control unit.

10. The method for cooling the hydrogen storage container in the hydrogen refueling station according to claim 8, wherein an RS485 communication interface is arranged on the basis of the control unit, and the method comprises the following steps:

and the control unit uploads related data, running state or/and alarm information to a PLC (programmable logic controller) station control system of the hydrogen station by adopting an MODBUS RTU (remote terminal unit) protocol and is interlocked and linked with the whole hydrogen station control system.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of safe filling of combustible gas, in particular to a cooling system and a cooling method for a hydrogen storage container of a hydrogen station.

Background

The pressure of hydrogen stored in a hydrogen storage container (such as a tank or a bottle group) of a hydrogen filling station is generally divided into 20MPa, 45MPa and 90MPa, and the service temperature of the hydrogen storage container cannot exceed 85 ℃. The compression or decompression of hydrogen all can give off heat, and the hydrogen temperature rise is too fast in the hydrogen storage container fills the in-process container, can take place the risk that exceeds container service temperature scope, has the potential safety hazard in utilization.

The hydrogen storage container is an important hydrogenation facility in the hydrogenation station, is positioned in a flammable and explosive dangerous place, has high hydrogen storage pressure, and is easy to leak and burn hydrogen; therefore, the safety use performance of the hydrogen storage container can be effectively improved by adopting precooling or cooling measures, and the method is particularly important for the safe and reliable operation of the hydrogen station. The same problem is encountered in natural gas stations.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a cooling system and a cooling method for a hydrogen storage container of a hydrogen station, and aims to solve the safety problems caused by overhigh temperature, too fast temperature rise and hydrogen leakage and combustion in the use process of the hydrogen storage container.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

design a hydrogen storage container cooling precooling system of hydrogenation station, include:

the spraying mechanism comprises an atomizing water distribution cavity and a plurality of atomizing nozzles, wherein the atomizing water distribution cavity is arranged above the corresponding hydrogen storage container, and the plurality of atomizing nozzles are communicated with the atomizing water distribution cavity;

the spraying mechanism comprises a spraying water distribution cavity and a plurality of spraying holes/nozzles, wherein the spraying water distribution cavity is arranged above the corresponding hydrogen storage container, and the spraying holes/nozzles are communicated with the spraying water distribution cavity;

the control unit comprises a PLC, an environment temperature transmitter for acquiring the environment temperature of the hydrogen storage container region, a temperature sensor for acquiring the temperature of the hydrogen storage container, and a flame detector for monitoring the hydrogen storage container region, wherein the PLC receives signals acquired by each transmitter, sensor or/and detector and sends out control signals after set logic processing so as to realize on-off control of the spraying or/and spraying control valve.

The atomizing water distribution chamber and the spraying water distribution chamber are arranged in parallel from top to bottom, the plurality of atomizing nozzles are correspondingly arranged on the upper side or/and the left side and the right side of the atomizing water distribution chamber, and the plurality of spraying holes/nozzles are correspondingly arranged on the lower side or/and the left side and the right side of the atomizing water distribution chamber.

The temperature sensors include at least two intrinsic safety type temperature sensors for patch mounting on the hydrogen storage vessel, which are electrically connected to the PLC through a safety gate.

The control unit further comprises an emergency stop button arranged on the corresponding explosion-proof operation column and used for sending emergency stop information to the PLC, the PLC controls the spray or/and spray control valve to be closed, and meanwhile, alarm information is generated and sent.

The control unit further comprises a spraying or/and spraying manual switch which is correspondingly and electrically connected with the PLC and is used for realizing manual control over opening and closing of the spraying or/and spraying control valve.

The control unit further comprises an RS485 communication interface electrically connected with the PLC, and the RS485 communication interface is used for uploading relevant data, running state or/and alarm information of the cooling system to the PLC station control system of the hydrogen station so as to realize interlocking linkage control with the corresponding hydrogen station whole station control system.

The cooling system of the hydrogen storage container of the hydrogen filling station further comprises a UPS power supply for supplying power to the control unit.

A cooling method for a hydrogen storage container of a hydrogen station is designed and implemented based on a cooling system for the hydrogen storage container of the hydrogen station, and comprises the following automatic control steps:

(1) when the temperature collected by the environment temperature transmitter is more than or equal to 30 ℃, or the temperature collected by the hydrogen storage container temperature sensor is more than or equal to 40 ℃, or the temperature rise of the hydrogen storage container is more than or equal to 3 ℃/min, the PLC controls the opening of the spray control valve to realize automatic spraying;

and under the automatic spraying state, when the temperature collected by the environment temperature transmitter is less than or equal to 25 ℃, and the temperature collected by the hydrogen storage container temperature sensor is less than or equal to 35 ℃, and the judgment condition is met for 5 minutes, the PLC controls to close the spraying control valve and stop spraying work.

(2) When the flame detector detects that the hydrogen pipeline is leaked and ignited, or the temperature collected by the temperature sensor of the hydrogen storage container is more than or equal to 50 ℃, or the temperature rise of the hydrogen storage container is more than or equal to 8 ℃/min, the PLC controls the spray control valve to be opened, and automatic spraying is realized;

and under the automatic spraying state, when the flame detector detects that the flame is extinguished, the temperature collected by the hydrogen storage container temperature sensor is less than or equal to 45 ℃, and the judgment condition is met for 5 minutes, the PLC controls the spraying control valve to be closed, and the spraying is stopped.

Further, a spraying or/and spraying manual switch is arranged on the basis of the control unit, and the method further comprises the following manual control steps:

the spraying/spraying manual switch is turned on, and the PLC controls the spraying/spraying control valve to be turned on, so that the manual control of spraying/spraying is realized; and closing the spraying/sprinkling manual switch and automatically controlling by the control unit.

Further, based on the control unit is provided with an RS485 communication interface, the method comprises the following steps:

and the control unit uploads related data, operation state or/and alarm information to the PLC station control system of the hydrogen station by using an MODBUS RTU protocol and is interlocked and linked with the whole hydrogen station control system.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the main beneficial technical effects that:

the invention can effectively solve the problems of overhigh temperature and overhigh temperature rise of the hydrogen storage container in the use process so as to eliminate potential safety hazard and ensure that the use temperature of the hydrogen storage container does not exceed the limit in the processes of compression storage and decompression gas extraction of hydrogen; meanwhile, when hydrogen leakage combustion occurs in a pipeline of the hydrogen storage container area, a large amount of heat can be released, great threat is caused to the safe storage of the hydrogen storage container, and the risk of explosion caused by the failure of the hydrogen storage container due to overhigh pressure (untimely emission) caused by overhigh temperature is prevented by spraying and cooling the hydrogen storage container.

The invention is suitable for cooling the gas storage devices of a hydrogenation station, a gas station and the like, and can also be used for cooling other tank bodies, bottle groups and waterproof equipment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cooling system of a hydrogen storage container of a hydrogen refueling station according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 1.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an operation interface of an explosion-proof operation column in the cooling system of the hydrogen storage container of the hydrogen refueling station.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a spray double-cavity in the cooling system of the hydrogen storage container of the hydrogen refueling station of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a dual chamber configuration in the hydrogen storage vessel cooling system of a hydrogen refueling station of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an electrical block diagram of a hydrogen storage vessel cooling system of a hydrogen refueling station of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a logic flow diagram of the spray control in the method for cooling the hydrogen storage container of the hydrogen refueling station according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a flow chart of the spray control logic in the method for cooling the hydrogen storage container of the hydrogen refueling station of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 is the spraying and sprays two-chamber structure, 2 is the flame detector, 3 is the hydrogen storage tank, 4 is this ampere of type temperature sensor, 5 is steady voltage water supply system, 6 is ambient temperature changer, 7 is explosion-proof control column, 8 is explosion-proof control column installing support, 9 is emergency stop button, 10 is the spraying knob, 11 is the spraying knob, 13 is square pipe, 14 is C type groove, 15 is atomizing nozzle, 16 is for spraying the hole, 17 is the closure plate, 18 is the connecting plate, 19 is the coupling, 20 is the atomizing water distribution chamber, 21 is the spraying water distribution chamber, 22 is explosion-proof control box.

Detailed Description

The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention in detail and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention in any way.

The unit modules and sensors in the following examples are all conventional commercial products unless otherwise specified.

Example 1: a hydrogen storage vessel cooling system for a hydrogen refueling station, see fig. 1-7, comprising:

the spraying mechanism comprises an atomized water distribution cavity 20 arranged above the hydrogen storage tank 3 and a plurality of atomizing nozzles 15 communicated with the atomized water distribution cavity, and the atomized water distribution cavity 20 is communicated to the corresponding pressure-stabilizing water supply system 5 through a corresponding water supply pipe and a spraying electric ball valve when being installed and used;

the spraying mechanism comprises a spraying water distribution cavity 21 arranged above the hydrogen storage tank 3 and a plurality of spraying holes 16 communicated with the spraying water distribution cavity 21, and the spraying water distribution cavity 21 is communicated to the pressure-stabilizing water supply system 5 through a corresponding water supply pipe and a spraying electric ball valve; atomizing water distribution cavity 20 sprays double-cavity construction 1 with the spraying of spraying water distribution cavity 21 as an organic whole, refer to fig. 5, fig. 6, and it is enclosed to establish by square pipe 13 and parallel butt joint in the C type groove 14 of this side below of managing and forms, a plurality of atomizing nozzle 15 correspond and lay in the side 13 upside and left and right both sides of managing, a plurality of spraying hole 16 correspond and lay in the downside of C type groove 14.

A control unit, see fig. 7, including a PLC (CPU ST20 DC/DC), an ambient temperature transmitter BT (ST-WZPB 14T 2) for collecting an ambient temperature of a hydrogen storage tank region, two intrinsically safe temperature sensors RT01, RT02 (TR 50) mounted on the hydrogen storage tank (one in use and one in standby, verified to each other, electrically connected to the PLC via corresponding safety barriers SB1, SB2 (GS 8071-Ex) and an analog input module AI (EM AE 04), a flame detector FSA (FD 10-UVIR 2) for monitoring the hydrogen storage tank region, an emergency stop button for transmitting emergency stop information to the PLC, a spray knob switch SA01 and a spray knob switch SA02 for controlling the opening and closing of the spray electric ball valve YV01 (YXR 730FL3-16P 25) and a spray electric ball valve YXR 02 (YXR 730FL3-16P 25) via the PLC, a spray knob communication interface (RS 485 for communicating data with a system for connecting data to the relevant system, The operation state and the alarm information are uploaded to a PLC station control system of the hydrogen station to realize interlocking linkage control with the corresponding hydrogen station whole station control system), and the PLC receives signals collected by the transmitters, the sensors and the detectors, sends out control signals after set logic processing, so as to realize on-off control of the spraying and spraying electric ball valve. The PLC, the analog input module AI, the safety barriers SB1, SB2, the switching power supply, and the like are disposed in the explosion-proof control box 22. The explosion-proof operating column 7 (BZC 8050-A1K2G1/M20 x 1.5, comprising 1 emergency stop button and 2 switch knobs) is arranged beside the pressure-stabilizing water supply system 5, so that the emergency stop of the equipment and the manual operation of the spraying and sprinkling functions can be realized nearby. The control unit is powered by the UPS.

Embodiment 2 is a method for cooling a hydrogen storage container in a hydrogen refueling station, which is implemented based on the arrangement of the system for cooling a hydrogen storage container described in embodiment 1, and with reference to fig. 8 and 9, the method includes the following steps:

(1) emergency stop control

Pressing scram button STP, cooling system is in emergency stop state, and the electronic ball valve YV01 of system self-closing spraying and spraying YV02 generate alarm information and send alarm signal simultaneously. And rotating the emergency stop button STP and automatically popping up, wherein the emergency stop button STP is in a reset state, and the cooling system enters an automatic running state.

(2) Spray control

Referring to fig. 8, a spray knob switch SA01 on the explosion-proof operating column is turned on, the control unit controls to turn on a spray electric ball valve YV01, and cooling water flows into an atomization water distribution cavity, so that manual spray control of the cooling system is realized; and closing a spraying knob switch SA01 on the explosion-proof operating column, and enabling the cooling system to enter an automatic spraying control state.

When the temperature collected by the environment temperature transmitter BT is more than 30 ℃, or the environment temperature collected by the hydrogen storage tank temperature sensors RT01 and RT02 is more than 40 ℃, or the temperature rise of the hydrogen storage container is more than 3 ℃/min, the control unit controls to open the electric spraying ball valve YV01, so that automatic spraying control is realized; in the automatic spraying state, when the temperature collected by the environment temperature transmitter BT is less than 25 ℃, and the temperatures collected by the temperature sensors RT01 and RT02 on the hydrogen storage tank are less than 35 ℃, and the judgment condition is met for 5 minutes continuously, the system automatically closes the spraying electric ball valve YV01 and stops spraying.

(3) Spraying function

Referring to fig. 9, a spraying knob switch SA02 on the explosion-proof operating column is turned on, the control unit turns on a spraying electric ball valve YV02, and cooling water flows into a spraying water distribution cavity, so that manual control of spraying of the cooling system is realized; and closing a spraying knob switch SA02 on the explosion-proof operating column, and enabling the cooling system to enter an automatic spraying control state.

When the flame detector FSA in the hydrogen storage container area detects that a hydrogen pipeline leaks and catches fire, or the temperature collected by temperature sensors RT01 and RT02 on the hydrogen storage tank is more than 50 ℃, or the temperature rise of the hydrogen storage tank is more than 8 ℃/min, the control unit automatically opens the spraying electric ball valve YV02 to realize automatic spraying control; under the automatic spraying control state, when the flame detector FSA detects that the hydrogen flame is extinguished, and the temperatures collected by the temperature sensors RT01 and RT02 on the hydrogen storage tank are less than 45 ℃, and the judgment condition is met for 5 minutes continuously, the system automatically closes the spraying electric ball valve YV02 and stops spraying.

While the invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in the details of the embodiments may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and various changes in the details of construction and materials may be substituted for elements thereof to form various embodiments, which are within the scope of the invention and are not intended to be limited to the details of the embodiments.