阅读说明：本技术 一种便携式河道泥沙淤积深度测量装置 (Portable river sediment sedimentation depth measuring device ) 是由 王远见 李新杰 李弘瑞 马怀宝 李昆鹏 王婷 张翎 王欣 任智慧 王子路 闫振峰 于 2020-11-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种便携式河道泥沙淤积深度测量装置,包括测量仓体、操作盒、信号线、水压测量组件、阻值监测组件、微控制器、提醒组件、供电组件、无线通讯模块；阻值监测组件用于检测测量仓体是否达到泥沙表面,当达到泥沙表面后提醒组件提醒到达,此时微控制器将水压力测量组件检测的水压力信息处理成深度信息在提醒组件进行显示,阻值监测探头能够避免测量装置未到达泥沙淤积位置而带来的误差,得到更精确地泥沙淤积深度参数。并可以根据河道河水中泥沙含量的不同调节灵敏度调节器使测量装置内部预设阻值阈值在合适的范围内,防止阻值监测探头到达泥沙淤积层而未触发警报。(The invention discloses a portable riverway sediment accumulation depth measuring device which comprises a measuring cabin body, an operation box, a signal line, a water pressure measuring assembly, a resistance value monitoring assembly, a microcontroller, a reminding assembly, a power supply assembly and a wireless communication module, wherein the operation box is arranged on the measuring cabin body; the resistance monitoring assembly is used for detecting whether the measuring bin body reaches the sediment surface, the reminding assembly reminds the arrival after the sediment surface is reached, the microcontroller processes water pressure information detected by the water pressure measuring assembly into depth information to be displayed by the reminding assembly, and the resistance monitoring probe can avoid errors caused by the fact that the measuring device does not reach the sediment deposition position, so that sediment deposition depth parameters can be obtained more accurately. And can make the inside default resistance threshold value of measuring device in suitable scope according to the different regulation sensitivity regulators of silt content in the river course river, prevent that resistance monitoring probe from reaching silt deposit and not triggering the alarm.)

1. The utility model provides a portable river sediment siltation depth measuring device which characterized in that: the device comprises a measuring bin body (1), an operation box (5), a signal line (4), a water pressure measuring component, a resistance value monitoring component, a microcontroller, a reminding component and a power supply component; the water pressure measuring assembly is arranged in the measuring bin body (1), a detecting head of the water pressure measuring assembly is exposed out of the measuring bin body, the resistance value monitoring assembly is arranged in the measuring bin body (1), a detecting head of the resistance value monitoring assembly is exposed out of the measuring bin body, the water pressure measuring assembly and the resistance value monitoring assembly are both connected with the input end of the microcontroller through a signal line (4), the microcontroller is arranged in the operation box (5), the reminding assembly is arranged on the operation box (5), and the output end of the microcontroller is connected with the reminding assembly; the power supply assembly is installed in the operation box and supplies power to the microcontroller, the water pressure measuring assembly, the resistance value monitoring assembly and the reminding assembly.

2. The portable riverway sediment accumulation depth measuring device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the operation box is internally provided with a wireless communication module, and the microcontroller is connected with the wireless communication module.

3. The portable riverway sediment accumulation depth measuring device of claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the water pressure measuring assembly comprises a water pressure sensor (2) and a water pressure monitoring module, wherein the water pressure sensor (2) is arranged in the measuring bin body (1), and a detection head of the water pressure sensor (2) is exposed out of the measuring bin body; the water pressure sensor (2) is connected with the water pressure monitoring module through a signal line (4), and the water pressure monitoring module is connected with the input end of the microcontroller.

4. The portable riverway sediment accumulation depth measuring device of claim 3, which is characterized in that: the resistance value monitoring assembly comprises a resistance value monitoring probe (3) and a resistance value monitoring module, wherein the resistance value monitoring probe (3) is installed in the measuring bin body (1), and a probe of the resistance value monitoring probe (3) is exposed out of the measuring bin body (1); the resistance monitoring module is arranged in the operation box (5), and the resistance monitoring probe (3) is connected with the resistance monitoring module through a signal wire (4); the resistance value monitoring module is connected with the microcontroller.

5. The portable riverway sediment accumulation depth measuring device of claim 4, which is characterized in that: the resistance sensitivity adjusting device is characterized by further comprising a resistance sensitivity adjusting assembly, the resistance sensitivity adjusting assembly comprises a sensitivity adjuster (8) and a sensitivity monitoring module, the sensitivity adjuster (8) is installed on the operation box (5), the sensitivity monitoring module is installed in the operation box (5), the sensitivity adjuster (8) and the resistance monitoring module are respectively connected with the sensitivity monitoring module, and the sensitivity monitoring module is connected with the input end of the microcontroller.

6. The portable riverway sediment accumulation depth measuring device of claim 1 or 5, which is characterized in that: the reminding component comprises a voice reminding unit and/or a display unit; the voice reminding unit comprises a voice reminder and a voice reminding module, the voice reminder is connected with the output end of the microcontroller or the output end of the sensitivity monitoring module through the voice reminding module, the display unit comprises a display screen, and the display screen is connected with the output end of the microcontroller.

7. The portable riverway sediment accumulation depth measuring device of claim 6, which is characterized in that: the voice reminding unit also comprises a volume regulator (9), and the volume regulator (9) is connected with the voice reminding device and is used for regulating the playing volume of the voice reminding device; the voice reminder comprises a loudspeaker and/or a buzzer.

8. The portable riverway sediment accumulation depth measuring device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the power supply assembly comprises a switch button (10) and a power supply module, the switch button (10) is installed on the operation box (5), and the power supply module supplies power to the microcontroller, the water pressure measuring assembly, the resistance value monitoring assembly and the reminding assembly through the switch button (10).

9. The portable riverway sediment accumulation depth measuring device of claim 8, which is characterized in that: the power supply assembly further comprises a charging interface (11), the charging interface (11) is arranged on the operation box (5), and an external power supply supplies power to the power supply module through the charging interface (11) and the switch button (10).

10. The use method of the portable riverway sediment accumulation depth measuring device as described in any one of 7-9 is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: putting the measuring bin body (1) which is vertical to the water surface and the resistance value monitoring probe (3) of which is downward below the water surface, adjusting the sensitivity adjuster (8) to a smaller position, pressing the switch button (10), and rotating the volume adjuster (9) to adjust the volume;

step 2: releasing the signal wire (4) at a constant speed to enable the measuring bin body (1) to sink at a constant speed underwater; when the measuring bin body (1) enters water initially, the operation box gives an alarm, the sensitivity regulator (8) is rotated to increase the resistance threshold until the operation box stops giving an alarm sound;

and step 3: the microcontroller converts the received water pressure information detected by the water pressure sensor into depth information in the sinking process and displays the depth information on a display screen;

and 4, step 4: when the measuring bin body (1) sinks into the surface of the sediment deposition layer, the resistance monitoring probe (3) is inserted into the surface of the sediment deposition layer, the real-time resistance value reaches the value which is maximally higher than the resistance threshold value, and the operation box gives an alarm; the water pressure sensor collects the current water pressure value and transmits the current water pressure value back to the microcontroller, the current sediment deposition depth is displayed on the display screen after the microcontroller is processed, and the microcontroller sends the current sediment deposition depth to a user through the wireless data transmission module.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement, and particularly relates to a portable river sediment sedimentation depth measuring device.

Background

The yellow river is the most serious and complicated river with the global silt problem, the river has high silt content, and silt deposits in the river throughout the year. In projects such as hydro hubs, river bank dam protection, bridges and the like, the sediment accumulation phenomenon of the river channel where the river channel is located is quite common. Silt siltation is often because the intensity that rivers washed the silt reduces, and the river course silt siltation brings certain potential safety hazard for this basin place region, also has certain influence to the silt regulation in river course.

The method for measuring the sediment deposition depth of the river channel at the present stage mainly comprises the following steps: sonar detection, radar detection, and infrared detection, however, these methods have great limitations in practical engineering applications. Sonar, radar and infrared are easily disturbed by impurities in the environment, and have low precision and poor stability. Although it is disclosed in patent No. 2017204463317 entitled throwing type silt sedimentation depth collecting device: this throw formula silt siltation degree of depth collection system sinks into the silt surface through deepening under water, and the water level degree of depth of rethread water pressure sensor monitoring devices position returns the control cabinet through the wireless data transmitter with degree of depth information to learn here silt siltation degree of depth. However, the device may be disturbed by large debris in the river, so that the device does not contact the sediment surface, and cannot detect whether the device really reaches the sediment accumulation surface, thereby influencing the detection data. The measurement method has the defects that the measurement task on a muddy water interface with high sand content is difficult to accurately complete.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects described in the prior art, the invention provides a portable riverway sediment accumulation depth measuring device, which monitors whether the sediment surface is really reached or not by arranging a resistance value monitoring probe, and improves the accuracy of sediment and sludge depth measurement in rivers with higher sediment content.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a portable riverway sediment deposition depth measuring device comprises a measuring bin body, an operation box, a signal wire, a water pressure measuring assembly, a resistance value monitoring assembly, a microcontroller, a reminding assembly and a power supply assembly, wherein the measuring bin body is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; the water pressure measuring assembly is arranged in the measuring bin body, a detecting head of the water pressure measuring assembly is exposed out of the measuring bin body, the resistance value monitoring assembly is arranged in the measuring bin body, a detecting head of the resistance value monitoring assembly is exposed out of the measuring bin body, the water pressure measuring assembly and the resistance value monitoring assembly are connected with the microcontroller through signal lines, the microcontroller is arranged in the operation box, the reminding assembly is arranged on the operation box, and the microcontroller is connected with the reminding assembly; the power supply assembly is installed in the operation box and supplies power to the microcontroller, the water pressure measuring assembly, the resistance value monitoring assembly and the reminding assembly. The resistance monitoring assembly is used for detecting whether the measuring bin body reaches the sediment surface, and when the sediment surface is reached, the reminding assembly reminds the arrival, and the microcontroller processes the water pressure information detected by the water pressure measuring assembly into depth information to be displayed by the reminding assembly.

The preferred cylindrical structure that is measured the storehouse body, and whole closed, reserve in inside and detect the installation cavity, water pressure measurement subassembly and resistance monitoring subassembly are installed in detecting the installation cavity, and the measuring head of water pressure measurement subassembly and resistance monitoring subassembly must stretch out and detect the installation cavity, and the lower extreme of signal line also stretches into and detects the installation cavity in addition, and the signal line both plays transmission signal's effect and still plays the connection effect, will operate the box and measure the bin body and connect and be convenient for retrieve the measuring storehouse body. The length of the adopted signal wire is 150m, and 4 wires are arranged in the signal wire.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, in order to enable a user to remotely know the detection information of the depth of the silt, a wireless communication module is arranged in the operation box, and the microcontroller is connected with the wireless communication module. The microcontroller transmits the detected sludge depth information to a user through the wireless communication module to know, and can transmit the sludge depth information to a mobile terminal of the user; the adopted wireless communication module is WH-G405tf-DTU (4G module), and the microcontroller adopts STM32F103C8T6 type controller. In the specific use process, the wireless communication module further comprises a 485 communication circuit, a P10 interface and a WH-G405tf-DTU (4G module), the P10 interface is connected with the WH-G405tf-DTU (4G module), the 485 communication circuit is connected with the WH-G405tf-DTU (4G module), and the 485 communication circuit is connected with a communication port of the microcontroller.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, the water pressure measuring assembly comprises a water pressure sensor and a water pressure monitoring module, wherein the water pressure sensor adopts a Honeywell L300 input type liquid level sensor; the water pressure sensor is arranged in the measuring bin body, and a detection head of the water pressure sensor is exposed out of the measuring bin body; the water pressure sensor is connected with the water pressure monitoring module through a signal line, and the water pressure monitoring module is connected with the input end of the microcontroller. Water pressure sensor converts the water pressure information that detects into voltage information through water pressure monitoring module and transmits microcontroller in, microcontroller receives and handles the back and reminds through reminding the subassembly on the one hand, and on the other hand transmits silt siltation degree of depth information for the user through wireless communication module and knows.

The water pressure monitoring module comprises an analog-digital conversion circuit and an interface P3, 2 leads in the signal lines and the water pressure sensor 2 are connected to a P3 interface, a P3 interface is connected with the analog-digital conversion circuit, and the used analog-digital conversion circuit is an ADS1231 digital-analog conversion circuit; the ADS1231 digital-to-analog conversion circuit is connected with the microcontroller, the water pressure sensor converts detected real-time water pressure information through the analog-to-digital conversion circuit and then transmits the information to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller processes the information and converts the information into depth information.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, the resistance value monitoring assembly comprises a resistance value monitoring probe and a resistance value monitoring module, wherein the resistance value monitoring probe is installed in the measuring bin body, and the probe of the resistance value monitoring probe is exposed out of the measuring bin body; the resistance monitoring module is arranged in the operation box, and the resistance monitoring probe is connected with the resistance monitoring module through a signal line; the resistance value monitoring module is connected with the microcontroller; the resistance monitoring probe monitors the resistance of the position, the resistance is converted and transmitted into the microcontroller through the resistance monitoring module, the microcontroller compares the received real-time resistance (voltage) information with a pre-stored set value, and if the real-time value exceeds the set value, the microcontroller controls the reminding assembly to remind. The resistance value monitoring probe is a group of two metal probes.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, in order to be suitable for rivers with different silt contents, the invention further comprises a resistance value sensitivity adjusting assembly, wherein the resistance value sensitivity adjusting assembly comprises a sensitivity adjuster and a sensitivity monitoring module, the sensitivity adjuster is installed on the operation box, the sensitivity monitoring module is installed in the operation box, the sensitivity adjuster and the resistance value monitoring module are respectively connected with the sensitivity monitoring module, and the sensitivity monitoring module is connected with the input end of the microcontroller; the sensitivity regulator changes the resistance threshold value pre-stored in the microcontroller through the sensitivity monitoring module, can be regulated according to different river sediment contents, enlarges the applicability, and avoids that the measurement bin body does not remind after reaching the sediment surface due to different sediment contents; the adjustable resistance threshold is used for comparing with the real-time resistance monitored by the resistance monitoring probe, and even rivers with unknown sediment content can be accurately measured.

The sensitivity monitoring module comprises a sensitivity detection circuit, an LM393 double-voltage comparator and a 74HC14 inverter, wherein the sensitivity detection circuit comprises a P8 interface and a pull-up resistor R23, the pull-up resistor R23 is connected with the P8 interface in series, a sensitivity regulator is installed on a P8 interface, the pull-up resistor R23 and the sensitivity regulator are connected with one input end of the LM393 double-voltage comparator through a lead, and the other input end of the LM393 double-voltage comparator is connected with the resistance value monitoring module;

the resistance value monitoring module comprises a resistance value detection circuit, the resistance value detection circuit comprises pull-up resistors R25 and a P6 interface, the pull-up resistors R25 are connected with the P6 interface in series, and a resistance value monitoring probe is installed on the P6 interface; the pull-up resistor R25 is connected with the P6 interface through a lead and the other input end of the LM393 double-voltage comparator; the output terminal of the LM393 double-voltage comparator is connected with the input terminal of the 74HC14 inverter, and the output terminal of the 74HC14 inverter is connected with one input terminal of the microcontroller.

The sensitivity regulator can change the resistance threshold value which is used for comparing the real-time resistance value detected by the resistance monitoring probe in the LM393 double-voltage comparator at any time, the double-voltage comparator compares the obtained real-time resistance value with the set resistance threshold value, when the real-time resistance value is larger than the resistance threshold value, the double-voltage comparator gives a signal to the phase inverter, the phase inverter outputs the signal to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller controls the buzzer and the loudspeaker to carry out voice prompt after obtaining the signal, so that the fact that the measuring bin body is contacted with the sediment surface is shown.

As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the reminding assembly includes a voice reminding unit and/or a display unit; the voice reminding unit comprises a voice reminder and a voice reminding module, the voice reminder is connected with the output end of the microcontroller or the output end of the sensitivity monitoring module through the voice reminding module, the display unit comprises a display screen, the display screen is connected with the output end of the microcontroller through the display module, and the voice reminder comprises a loudspeaker and/or a buzzer.

The display screen is 3 digital display screens, shows battery power, sensitivity, silt siltation degree respectively.

When the voice reminding module is connected with the microcontroller, the microcontroller controls the start and stop of the voice reminding device according to the output signal of the phase inverter, and after the measuring bin body reaches the sediment surface, the microcontroller converts the detected real-time water pressure information into depth information by the water pressure sensor and displays the depth information on the display screen.

When the voice reminding module is connected with the output end of the sensitivity monitoring module, the output end of the phase inverter directly gives a signal to the voice reminding module to enable the voice reminding module to carry out direct voice reminding, processing of the microcontroller is not needed, and response is rapid and direct.

As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the voice alert unit further includes a volume adjuster, and the volume adjuster is connected to the voice alert and adjusts the play volume of the voice alert.

The voice prompt module comprises an operational amplifier circuit and a P4 interface, wherein the operational amplifier circuit comprises a resistor R47, a resistor R46, a resistor R43, a resistor R24, a diode D2, a diode D3, a triode Q1 and a triode Q2, a resistor R47 is connected with the P4 interface in series, a volume regulator is installed on the P4 interface, the resistor R47 is connected with the resistor R46 in series, the resistor R46 is connected with a collector of the triode Q2, a loudspeaker and a diode D2 are both connected with the resistor R46 in parallel, an emitter of the triode Q2 is connected with a collector of the triode Q1, a collector of the triode Q1 is connected with a buzzer, and a base of the triode Q2 is connected with an output end of an inverter through the resistor R43 and the diode D3; the emitter of the transistor Q1 is grounded, and the base of the transistor Q1 is connected with the output end of the microcontroller through a resistor R24.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, the power supply assembly comprises a switch button and a power supply module, the switch button is installed on the operation box, and the power supply module supplies power to the microcontroller, the water pressure measurement assembly, the resistance value monitoring assembly and the reminding assembly through the switch button; the power supply assembly can adopt an external power supply and a built-in power supply.

When adopting external power supply, the power supply subassembly is still including the interface that charges, and the interface that charges sets up on the operation box, and external power source provides the power for power module through interface and the shift knob that charges.

The power supply module comprises an LM2596 voltage regulating circuit, an AMS1117 voltage regulating circuit, a 7805 voltage regulating circuit, a voltage detection circuit and a P1 interface, wherein the P1 interface is connected with a charging interface; the charging requirement is 24V direct current, the LM2596 voltage regulating circuit converts the input direct current 24V into direct current 12V, the direct current 12V is converted into direct current 5V through a 7805 voltage stabilizing circuit, and the direct current 5V is converted into 3V through an AMS1117 voltage stabilizing circuit.

The use method of the portable riverway sediment deposition depth measuring device comprises the following steps:

step 1: the measuring bin body is vertical to the water surface, the resistance value monitoring probe is placed below the water surface in a downward state, the sensitivity regulator is adjusted to a small position, the switch button is pressed, and after the voice prompt is started, the volume regulator is rotated to adjust the volume to proper strength.

Step 2: releasing the signal wire at a constant speed to enable the measuring bin body to sink at a constant speed underwater; when the measuring bin body enters water initially, the operation box gives an alarm to indicate that the sediment content in the river is higher than a preset resistance threshold value, and the sensitivity regulator is rotated to increase the resistance threshold value until the operation box stops giving an alarm.

And step 3: and the microcontroller converts the received water pressure information detected by the water pressure sensor into depth information in the sinking process and displays the depth information on the display screen.

And 4, step 4: when the measuring bin body sinks into the surface of the sediment deposition layer, the resistance monitoring probe is inserted into the surface of the sediment deposition layer, the real-time resistance value reaches the value which is maximally higher than the resistance threshold value, and the operation box gives an alarm; the water pressure sensor collects the current water pressure value and transmits the current water pressure value back to the microcontroller, the current sediment deposition depth is displayed on the display screen after the microcontroller is processed, and the microcontroller sends the current sediment deposition depth to a user through the wireless data transmission module.

The underwater silt sedimentation depth measuring device does not need to be fixedly provided with a sensor, can rapidly measure the underwater silt sedimentation depth within 150m, and is high in convenience, low in equipment cost and low in personnel consumption; the during operation is with cylindrical measuring storehouse body vertical sinking under water, adjusts sensitive regulator according to the difference of river sand content, has improved the adaptability of different river environment to guarantee cylindrical storehouse position under water and the contact of silt siltation surface determination according to resistance monitoring probe, improve silt siltation depth measuring result's accuracy, realize the accurate positioning to the silt siltation, improved measuring device's interference killing feature, reduced silt siltation depth measuring error.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a control schematic block diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a system flow chart of the measurement of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

Example (b):

a portable riverway sediment deposition depth measuring device is shown in figures 1 and 2 and comprises a measuring bin body 1, an operation box 5, a signal line 4, a water pressure measuring assembly, a resistance value monitoring assembly, a microcontroller, a reminding assembly and a power supply assembly; the water pressure measuring component is arranged in the measuring bin body 1, a detection head of the water pressure measuring component is exposed out of the measuring bin body, the resistance value monitoring component is arranged in the measuring bin body 1, the detection head of the resistance value monitoring component is exposed out of the measuring bin body, the water pressure measuring component and the resistance value monitoring component are both connected with the microcontroller through signal lines 4, the microcontroller is arranged in the operation box 5, the reminding component is arranged on the operation box 5, and the microcontroller is connected with the reminding component; the power supply assembly is installed in the operation box and supplies power to the microcontroller, the water pressure measuring assembly, the resistance value monitoring assembly and the reminding assembly.

During the use, measure the preferred cylindrical structure of storehouse body 1, and whole closure, reserve in inside and detect the installation cavity, water pressure measurement subassembly and resistance monitoring subassembly are installed at detecting the installation cavity, and water pressure measurement subassembly and resistance monitoring subassembly's detection head must stretch out and detect the installation cavity, and the lower extreme of signal line also stretches into and detects the installation cavity, the signal line both plays transmission signal's effect and still plays the connection effect, the upper end passing signal interface 6 of signal line inserts in the operation box 5, thereby be convenient for retrieve the measuring storehouse body with operation box and measuring the bin body coupling. The length of the adopted signal wire is 150m, and 4 wires are arranged in the signal wire.

As shown in fig. 2, the power supply assembly comprises a switch button 10, a power supply module and a charging interface 11, the switch button 10 and the charging interface 11 are mounted on the operation box 5, an external power supply supplies power to the power supply module through the charging interface 11 and the switch button 10, and the power supply module supplies power to the microcontroller, the water pressure measurement assembly, the resistance value monitoring assembly and the reminding assembly; the power supply assembly adopts an external power supply.

The power supply module, as shown in fig. 3, includes an LM2596 voltage regulating circuit, an AMS1117 voltage regulating circuit, a 7805 voltage regulating circuit, a voltage detecting circuit, and a P1 interface, where the P1 interface is connected to a charging interface; the charging requirement is 24V direct current, the LM2596 voltage regulating circuit converts the input direct current 24V into direct current 12V, the direct current 12V is converted into direct current 5V through a 7805 voltage stabilizing circuit, and the direct current 5V is converted into 3V through an AMS1117 voltage stabilizing circuit.

The water pressure measuring assembly comprises a water pressure sensor 2 and a water pressure monitoring module, wherein the water pressure sensor adopts a Honeywell L300 input type liquid level sensor; the water pressure sensor 2 is arranged in the measuring bin body 1, and the detection head of the water pressure sensor 2 is exposed out of the measuring bin body; the water pressure sensor 2 is connected with a water pressure monitoring module through a signal line 4, and the water pressure monitoring module is connected with the input end of the microcontroller, as shown in fig. 2. Water pressure sensor converts the water pressure information that detects into voltage information through water pressure monitoring module and transmits microcontroller in, microcontroller receives and handles the back and reminds through reminding the subassembly on the one hand, and on the other hand transmits silt siltation degree of depth information for the user through wireless communication module and knows.

As shown in fig. 3, the water pressure monitoring module includes an analog-to-digital conversion circuit and an interface P3, 2 wires of the signal line and the water pressure sensor 2 are connected to the P3 interface, the P3 interface is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion circuit, and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is an ADS1231 digital-to-analog conversion circuit; the ADS1231 digital-to-analog conversion circuit is connected with the microcontroller, the water pressure sensor converts detected real-time water pressure information through the analog-to-digital conversion circuit and then transmits the information to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller processes the information and converts the information into depth information.

The resistance value monitoring assembly comprises a resistance value monitoring probe 3 and a resistance value monitoring module, wherein the resistance value monitoring probe 3 is arranged in the measuring bin body 1, and a probe of the resistance value monitoring probe 3 is exposed out of the measuring bin body 1; the resistance monitoring module is arranged in the operation box 5, and the resistance monitoring probe 3 is connected with the resistance monitoring module through a signal wire 4; the resistance value monitoring module is connected with the microcontroller; the resistance monitoring probe monitors the resistance of the position, the resistance is converted and transmitted into the microcontroller through the resistance monitoring module, the microcontroller compares the received real-time resistance voltage information with a pre-stored set value, and if the real-time value exceeds the set value, the microcontroller controls the reminding assembly to remind. The resistance monitoring probe 3 is a group of two metal probes, and a KDK-KDY-2 two-probe resistivity probe can be adopted.

In order to be suitable for rivers with different silt contents, the river mud-sediment concentration monitoring device further comprises a resistance value sensitivity adjusting assembly, wherein the resistance value sensitivity adjusting assembly comprises a sensitivity adjuster 8 and a sensitivity monitoring module, the sensitivity adjuster 8 is installed on the operation box 5, the sensitivity monitoring module is installed in the operation box 5, the sensitivity adjuster 8 and the resistance value monitoring module are respectively connected with the sensitivity monitoring module, and the sensitivity monitoring module is connected with the input end of the microcontroller; the sensitivity regulator changes the resistance threshold value pre-stored in the microcontroller through the sensitivity monitoring module, can be regulated according to different river sediment contents, enlarges the applicability, and avoids that the measurement bin body does not remind after reaching the sediment surface due to different sediment contents; the adjustable resistance threshold is used for comparing with the real-time resistance monitored by the resistance monitoring probe, and even rivers with unknown sediment content can be accurately measured. The sensitivity regulator 8 is an adjustable potentiometer with the model of RV24YN 20S.

The sensitivity monitoring module is shown in fig. 3 and comprises a sensitivity detection circuit, an LM393 double-voltage comparator and a 74HC14 inverter, wherein the sensitivity detection circuit comprises a P8 interface and a pull-up resistor R23, the pull-up resistor R23 and the P8 interface are connected in series, a sensitivity regulator 8 is installed on the P8 interface, the pull-up resistor R23 and the sensitivity regulator 8 are connected with one input end of the LM393 double-voltage comparator through a lead, and the other input end of the LM393 double-voltage comparator is connected with a resistance value monitoring module;

the resistance value monitoring module, as shown in fig. 3, includes a resistance value detection circuit, where the resistance value detection circuit includes pull-up resistor R25 and P6 interfaces, the pull-up resistor R25 is connected in series with the P6 interface, and the resistance value monitoring probe 3 is installed on the P6 interface; the pull-up resistor R25 is connected with the P6 interface through a lead and the other input end of the LM393 double-voltage comparator; the output terminal of the LM393 double-voltage comparator is connected with the input terminal of the 74HC14 inverter, and the output terminal of the 74HC14 inverter is connected with one input terminal of the microcontroller.

The sensitivity regulator can change the resistance threshold value which is used for comparing the real-time resistance value detected by the resistance monitoring probe in the LM393 double-voltage comparator at any time, the double-voltage comparator compares the obtained real-time resistance value with the set resistance threshold value, when the real-time resistance value is larger than the resistance threshold value, the double-voltage comparator gives a signal to the phase inverter, the phase inverter outputs the signal to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller controls the buzzer and the loudspeaker to carry out voice prompt after obtaining the signal, so that the fact that the measuring bin body is contacted with the sediment surface is shown.

The reminding assembly comprises a voice reminding unit and a display unit; the voice reminding unit comprises a voice reminder, a voice reminding module and a volume regulator 9, the voice reminder comprises a loudspeaker and a buzzer, the volume regulator 9 is connected with the voice reminder and used for regulating the playing volume of the voice reminder, and the voice reminder is connected with the output end of the microcontroller and the output end of the sensitivity monitoring module through the voice reminding module.

The voice prompt module, as shown in fig. 3, includes an operational amplifier circuit and a P4 interface, the operational amplifier circuit includes a resistor R47, a resistor R46, a resistor R43, a resistor R24, a diode D2, a diode D3, a triode Q1, and a triode Q2, the resistor R47 is connected in series with the P4 interface, a volume adjuster 9 is installed on the P4 interface, the resistor R47 is connected in series with the resistor R46, the resistor R46 is connected with a collector of the triode Q2, both a microphone and the diode D2 are connected in parallel with the resistor R46, an emitter of the triode Q2 is connected with a collector of the triode Q1, a collector of the triode Q1 is connected with a buzzer, and a base of the triode Q2 is connected with an output end of an inverter through the resistor R43 and the diode D3; the emitter of the transistor Q1 is grounded, and the base of the transistor Q1 is connected with the output end of the microcontroller through a resistor R24.

The display unit include 3 digital display screens, show battery power, sensitivity, silt siltation degree of depth respectively, the display screen passes through display module and is connected with microcontroller's output, display module is as shown in fig. 3.

And in order to remotely let the user know the detection information of the depth of the silt, a wireless communication module is arranged in the operation box, and the microcontroller is connected with the wireless communication module. The microcontroller transmits the detected sludge depth information to a user through the wireless communication module to know, and can transmit the sludge depth information to a mobile terminal of the user; the adopted wireless communication module is WH-G405tf-DTU (4G module), and the microcontroller adopts STM32F103C8T6 type controller. In the specific use process, the wireless communication module further comprises a 485 communication circuit, a P10 interface and a WH-G405tf-DTU (4G module), the P10 interface is connected with the WH-G405tf-DTU (4G module), the 485 communication circuit is connected with the WH-G405tf-DTU (4G module), and the 485 communication circuit is connected with a communication port of the microcontroller.

The invention can control the error of the measured silt deposition depth within a limited range; the principle of determining whether the measuring bin body reaches the sediment deposition surface is that, as shown in fig. 4, a resistance threshold is preset by the sensitivity regulator, the resistance of an object contacted with the measuring bin body is measured in real time by the resistance monitoring probe in the submerging process of the measuring bin body, the resistance of the deposited sediment is far greater than the resistance of river water, so that when the measuring bin body submerges to the sediment deposition layer, the resistance monitoring probe is far greater than the preset threshold of the measuring device, the system gives an alarm, the sediment deposition depth at the current position is obtained by the water pressure sensor, and the microcontroller displays the result on the display screen and transmits the result to a user through the wireless communication module. The resistance value monitoring probe is arranged, so that errors caused by the fact that the measuring device does not reach the sediment deposition position can be avoided, and sediment deposition depth parameters can be obtained more accurately. And can make the inside default resistance threshold value of measuring device in suitable scope according to the different regulation sensitivity regulators of silt content in the river course river, prevent that resistance monitoring probe from reaching silt deposit and not triggering the alarm.

The use method of the portable riverway sediment deposition depth measuring device comprises the following steps:

step 1: the measuring bin body 1 is perpendicular to the water surface, the resistance value monitoring probe 3 is placed below the water surface in a downward state, the sensitivity adjuster 8 is adjusted to a small position, the switch button 10 is pressed, and after the voice prompt is started, the volume adjuster 9 is rotated to adjust the volume to proper intensity.

Step 2: releasing the signal wire 4 at a constant speed to enable the measuring bin body 1 to sink underwater at a constant speed; when the measuring bin body 1 enters water initially, the operation box gives an alarm to indicate that the sediment content in the river is higher than a preset resistance threshold value, and the sensitivity regulator 8 is rotated to increase the resistance threshold value until the operation box stops giving an alarm.

And step 3: and the microcontroller converts the received water pressure information detected by the water pressure sensor into depth information in the sinking process and displays the depth information on the display screen.

And 4, step 4: when the measuring bin body 1 sinks into the surface of the sediment deposition layer, the resistance monitoring probe 3 is inserted into the surface of the sediment deposition layer, the real-time resistance value reaches the value which is maximally higher than the resistance threshold value, and the operation box gives an alarm; the water pressure sensor collects the current water pressure value and transmits the current water pressure value back to the microcontroller, the current sediment deposition depth is displayed on the display screen after the microcontroller is processed, and the microcontroller sends the current sediment deposition depth to a user through the wireless data transmission module.

In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.