阅读说明：本技术 一种轨道车辆轮饼参数在线测量装置及方法 (Online measuring device and method for wheel cake parameters of railway vehicle ) 是由 赵若群 于 2019-08-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种轨道车辆轮饼参数在线测量装置,包括安装于轨道外侧的第一1D激光位移传感器,用于测量轮饼踏面曲线末端、与距离轮背的M点所在圆的直径,第四1D激光位移传感器,用于测量轮饼踏面曲线,安装于轨道内侧的第二1D激光位移传感器、第三1D激光位移传感器,用于测量轮背位置及内侧距,在线测量装置连接端设有轮饼测量系统,轮饼测量系统包括中央处理器和报警单元,轮饼测量系统连接端设有车号识别装置和车辆段管理系统。本发明利用4个1D激光位移传感器,经过位置布置,结合算法,能够快速、精确测量轨道车辆轮饼参数；较之传统测量方法,具有结构简单、成本低廉、快速精确等特点；且适应车速可达200km/h以上,是其它测量方法无法比拟的。(The invention discloses an online measuring device for wheel cake parameters of a railway vehicle, which comprises a first 1D laser displacement sensor, a fourth 1D laser displacement sensor, a second 1D laser displacement sensor, a third 1D laser displacement sensor, a wheel cake tread curve, a wheel cake measuring system and a vehicle section management system, wherein the first 1D laser displacement sensor is arranged on the outer side of a track and used for measuring the tail end of the wheel cake tread curve and the diameter of a circle where an M point away from the wheel back is located, the fourth 1D laser displacement sensor is used for measuring the wheel cake tread curve, the second 1D laser displacement sensor and the third 1D laser displacement sensor are arranged on the inner side of the track and used for measuring the position and the inner side distance of the wheel back, the connecting end of the online measuring device. According to the invention, 4 1D laser displacement sensors are utilized, and through position arrangement and algorithm combination, the wheel cake parameters of the railway vehicle can be rapidly and accurately measured; compared with the traditional measuring method, the method has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost, rapidness, accuracy and the like; the adaptive speed can reach more than 200km/h, which is incomparable with other measuring methods.)

1. The utility model provides a rail vehicle wheel cake parameter on-line measuring device which characterized in that: the device comprises a first 1D laser displacement sensor (1) and a fourth 1D laser displacement sensor (4) which are arranged on the outer side of a track, and a second 1D laser displacement sensor (2) and a third 1D laser displacement sensor (3) which are arranged on the inner side of the track;

the first 1D laser displacement sensor (1) is used for measuring the diameter of a circle where the tail end of a wheel cake tread curve and an M point away from the back of a wheel are located;

the fourth 1D laser displacement sensor (4) is used for measuring a wheel cake tread curve;

and the second 1D laser displacement sensor (2) and the third 1D laser displacement sensor (3) are used for measuring the wheel back position and the inner side distance.

2. The on-line measuring device for the parameters of the wheel cake of the railway vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the laser displacement sensor comprises a first 1D laser displacement sensor (1), a second 1D laser displacement sensor (2) and a third 1D laser displacement sensor (3), wherein the laser emission directions of the first 1D laser displacement sensor and the third 1D laser displacement sensor are vertically upward, the laser emission directions of the second 1D laser displacement sensor and the third 1D laser displacement sensor are installed towards the inner end face of a wheel cake, an angle a is formed on the inner end face of the wheel cake, an angle beta is formed between the laser emission direction of the fourth 1D laser displacement sensor (4) and the horizontal plane, and an angle theta is formed between the laser emission direction of the fourth 1D laser displacement sensor and the horizontal plane and the plumb face parallel to the track, and the first 1D laser displacement sensor (1), the second 1D laser displacement sensor (2), the.

3. A rail vehicle wheel cake parameter online measurement method is characterized in that:

the method comprises the following steps: mounting of an on-line measuring device

The first 1D laser displacement sensor (1) and the fourth 1D laser displacement sensor (4) are installed on the outer side of the track through a support, and the second 1D laser displacement sensor (2) and the third 1D laser displacement sensor (3) are installed on the inner side of the track;

step two: obtaining wheel cake tread curve

a) When the wheel cake rolls and passes through the fourth 1D laser displacement sensor (4), the point laser of the fourth 1D laser displacement sensor (4) can sweep from the wheel cake tread, so that wheel cake tread data are obtained, and a wheel cake tread curve is obtained through coordinate transformation and curve fitting;

b) the third 1D laser displacement sensor (3) sweeps the wheel back, and the wheel back position is obtained through coordinate transformation;

step three: obtaining the diameter of the circle where the M point is located:

a) when the wheel cake rolls through the first 1D laser displacement sensor (1), the first 1D laser displacement sensor (1)The point laser will sweep from the circle where M points are located to obtain a plurality of points M_0、M_1、……..M_iAnd (4) data.

b) To M_0、M_1、……..M_iPerforming circle fitting to obtain the coordinates (x) of the center of the circle₀,y₀) And a radius r;

c) the second 1D laser displacement sensor (2) sweeps the wheel back, and the wheel back position is obtained through coordinate transformation;

step four: obtaining the diameter and the characteristic value of the rolling circle:

a) finding a rolling circle position point P which is 70mm away from the wheel back on the wheel cake tread curve, simultaneously finding a point M, and calculating the height difference h between the two points P, M;

b) diameter of rolling circle: d ═ r +2 × h;

c) calculating the obtained wheel cake tread curve according to the railway industry standard to obtain data such as the height of a wheel flange, the thickness of the wheel flange, a Qr value, the width of a wheel rim and the like;

step five: obtaining of inner side distance and equivalent taper

The distance between the two second 1D laser displacement sensors (2) on the inner sides of the two tracks is calibrated to obtain the distance between the inner sides of the wheel pairs, and then the equivalent taper is calculated according to the standard of the railway industry;

step six: perfecting data management application functions

The method comprises the following steps of (1) recording the date, the number, the axial position and the wheel number of a vehicle by combining a vehicle number identification device;

function 2, can calculate the diameter difference of the same axle, with the diameter difference of the bogie, with the diameter difference of the car, through inputting the threshold value, realize the alarm of the out-of-tolerance;

function 3, by inputting the threshold values of the rim height, the rim thickness, the Qr value, the rolling circle diameter, the inner side distance, the equivalent taper and the like, the out-of-tolerance alarm is realized;

function 4, through the measurement of a certain time, can calculate the speed and trend of wearing and tearing, predict and wear out the time of the out-of-tolerance, guide the maintenance work of the wheel cake;

function 5, can interface with vehicle section management system, realize the data sharing, bring the wheel cake measuring system into the vehicle section management system;

function 6, printout.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of online measurement of wheel cake parameters of rail vehicles, in particular to an online measurement device and method for wheel cake parameters of rail vehicles.

Background

The wheelset is an extremely important component of the vehicle running part, and is responsible for transmitting the force between the wheelset and the rail as well as bearing the entire weight of the vehicle body. The wheel set has great importance for the safe operation of the train, accurately measures parameters such as rim thickness, rim height, vertical abrasion, tread abrasion, wheel diameter and the like of the wheel, ensures that the shape parameters of the tread of the wheel of the train and the diameter difference of the left wheel and the right wheel of the same shaft meet relevant regulations and standards, and is very important for ensuring the safe operation of the train and smoothly completing a transportation plan.

However, the existing wheel pair detection device mainly comprises a fourth checker and a wheel pair ruler, and the detection tool needs manual reading, so that errors are easy to occur, and the detection reliability is influenced; in addition, the running speed of the train is measured by the means in the prior art, and the precision of the train is difficult to meet the measurement requirement, so that a large error of a measurement result is caused.

Therefore, it is necessary to invent an online measuring device and method for wheel cake parameters of a railway vehicle to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an online measuring device and method for wheel cake parameters of a railway vehicle, which comprises a first 1D laser displacement sensor (1) and a fourth 1D laser displacement sensor (4) which are arranged on the outer side of a track, and a second 1D laser displacement sensor (2) and a third 1D laser displacement sensor (3) which are arranged on the inner side of the track; the first 1D laser displacement sensor (1) is used for measuring the diameter of a circle where the tail end of a wheel cake tread curve and an M point away from the back of a wheel are located; the fourth 1D laser displacement sensor (4) is used for measuring a wheel cake tread curve; and the second 1D laser displacement sensor (2) and the third 1D laser displacement sensor (3) are used for measuring the position of the wheel back and the distance between the inner sides of the wheel back.

The laser displacement sensor comprises a first 1D laser displacement sensor (1), a second 1D laser displacement sensor (2) and a third 1D laser displacement sensor (3), wherein the laser emission directions of the first 1D laser displacement sensor and the third 1D laser displacement sensor are vertically upward, the laser emission directions of the second 1D laser displacement sensor and the third 1D laser displacement sensor are installed towards the inner end face of a wheel cake, an angle a is formed on the inner end face of the wheel cake, an angle beta is formed between the laser emission direction of the fourth 1D laser displacement sensor (4) and the horizontal plane, and an angle theta is formed between the laser emission direction of the fourth 1D laser displacement sensor and the horizontal plane and the plumb face parallel to the track, and the first 1D laser displacement sensor (1), the second 1D laser displacement sensor (2), the.

A rail vehicle wheel cake parameter online measurement method comprises the following specific measurement method:

the method comprises the following steps: mounting of an on-line measuring device

The first 1D laser displacement sensor (1) and the fourth 1D laser displacement sensor (4) are installed on the outer side of the track through a support, and the second 1D laser displacement sensor (2) and the third 1D laser displacement sensor (3) are installed on the inner side of the track;

step two: obtaining wheel cake tread curve

a) When the wheel cake rolls and passes through the fourth 1D laser displacement sensor (4), the point laser of the fourth 1D laser displacement sensor (4) can sweep from the wheel cake tread, so that wheel cake tread data are obtained, and a wheel cake tread curve is obtained through coordinate transformation and curve fitting;

b) the third 1D laser displacement sensor (3) sweeps the wheel back, and the wheel back position is obtained through coordinate transformation;

step three: obtaining the diameter of the circle where the M point is located:

a) when the wheel cake rolls over the first 1D laser displacement sensor (1), the point laser of the first 1D laser displacement sensor (1) sweeps from the circle where the M point is located to obtain a plurality of points M_0、M_1、……..M_iAnd (4) data.

b) To M_0、M_1、……..M_iPerforming circle fitting to obtain the coordinates (x) of the center of the circle₀,y₀) And a radius r;

c) the second 1D laser displacement sensor (2) sweeps the wheel back, and the wheel back position is obtained through coordinate transformation;

step four: obtaining the diameter and the characteristic value of the rolling circle:

a) finding a rolling circle position point P which is 70mm away from the wheel back on the wheel cake tread curve, simultaneously finding a point M, and calculating the height difference h between the two points P, M;

b) diameter of rolling circle: d ═ r +2 × h;

c) calculating the obtained wheel cake tread curve according to the railway industry standard to obtain data such as the height of a wheel flange, the thickness of the wheel flange, a Qr value, the width of a wheel rim and the like;

step five: obtaining of inner side distance and equivalent taper

The distance between the two second 1D laser displacement sensors (2) on the inner sides of the two tracks is calibrated to obtain the distance between the inner sides of the wheel pairs, and then the equivalent taper is calculated according to the standard of the railway industry;

the inner side distance of the wheel pair can be obtained, and then the equivalent taper is obtained by calculation according to the standard of the railway industry;

step six: perfecting data management application functions

The method comprises the following steps of (1) recording the date, the number, the axial position and the wheel number of a vehicle by combining a vehicle number identification device;

function 2, can calculate the diameter difference of the same axle, with the diameter difference of the bogie, with the diameter difference of the car, through inputting the valve value, realize the alarm of the out-of-tolerance;

function 3, by inputting the threshold values of the rim height, the rim thickness, the Qr value, the rolling circle diameter, the inner side distance, the equivalent taper and the like, the out-of-tolerance alarm is realized;

function 4, through the measurement of a certain time, can calculate the speed and trend of wearing and tearing, predict wearing and tearing the time of out of tolerance, guide the maintenance work of the wheel cake;

function 5, can interface with vehicle section management system, realize the data sharing, bring the wheel cake measuring system into the vehicle section management system;

function 6, printout.

The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:

1. the method has the advantages that 4 1D laser displacement sensors are utilized, the wheel cake parameters of the railway vehicle can be measured quickly and accurately through position arrangement and algorithm combination, the measurement precision is high, the conditions of abrasion and the like of the wheel cake of the railway vehicle can be calculated accurately and quickly by establishing a coordinate system, acquiring a wheel cake tread curve characteristic value, acquiring a wheel cake rolling circle diameter, acquiring an inner side distance and equivalent taper and perfecting a data management application function, and the data can be printed and viewed directly and is clear and convenient to use; the fewer sensors, the fewer error sources and the higher measurement precision; the invention uses the least number of sensors to completely realize the measurement function; the invention can realize the function of measuring the diameter with high precision without measuring the running speed of the train;

2. the wheel cake measuring system is combined with a car number identification device, records the date, the number, the axial position and the number of a car, can calculate the coaxial diameter difference, the diameter difference with a bogie and the diameter difference with the car, realizes out-of-tolerance alarm by inputting threshold values, realizes out-of-tolerance alarm by inputting the threshold values of the height of a wheel rim, the thickness of the wheel rim, a Qr value, the diameter of a rolling circle, the inner side distance, the equivalent taper and the like, can calculate the wear speed and trend by measuring for a certain time, predicts the wear out-of-tolerance time, guides the maintenance work of the wheel cake, can be connected with a vehicle section management system, realizes data sharing, brings the wheel cake measuring system into the vehicle section management system, and can print output data;

3. the measuring device can be arranged on a T-shaped rail and a groove-shaped rail, and is suitable for freight railway vehicles, passenger railway vehicles, subway vehicles and urban rail vehicles.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an on-line measuring device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the position of the 1D laser displacement sensor according to the present invention

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the position of the 1D laser displacement sensor according to the present invention

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of M-point data acquisition and fitting according to the present invention

In the figure: the system comprises a 1-first 1D laser displacement sensor, a 2-second 1D laser displacement sensor, a 3-third 1D laser displacement sensor, a 4-fourth 1D laser displacement sensor, a 5-rail and a 6-wheel.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

an on-line measuring device for parameters of a wheel cake of a rail vehicle as shown in figures 1-4 comprises

The device comprises a first 1D laser displacement sensor (1) and a fourth 1D laser displacement sensor (4) which are arranged on the outer side of a track, and a second 1D laser displacement sensor (2) and a third 1D laser displacement sensor (3) which are arranged on the inner side of the track;

the first 1D laser displacement sensor (1) is used for measuring the diameter of a circle where the tail end of a wheel cake tread curve and an M point away from the back of a wheel are located; the fourth 1D laser displacement sensor (4) is used for measuring a wheel cake tread curve; and the second 1D laser displacement sensor (2) and the third 1D laser displacement sensor (3) are used for measuring the position of the wheel back and the distance between the inner sides of the wheel back.

Further, in the above scheme, the track includes a T-shaped track and a groove-shaped track, the laser emission direction of the first 1D laser displacement sensor (1) is vertical upward, the laser emission directions of the second 1D laser displacement sensor (2) and the third 1D laser displacement sensor (3) are installed toward the inner end face of the wheel cake, an angle a is formed on the inner end face of the wheel cake, the laser emission direction of the fourth 1D laser displacement sensor (4) forms an angle β with the horizontal plane, and forms an angle θ with the plumb surface parallel to the track, and the first 1D laser displacement sensor (1), the second 1D laser displacement sensor (2), the third 1D laser displacement sensor (3), and the fourth 1D laser displacement sensor (4) are fixedly disposed on the same support.

Through 4 1D laser displacement sensors, through position arrangement, combination algorithm, can be fast, accurate measurement rail vehicle wheel cake parameter, measurement accuracy is high to wheel cake measurement system is connected with car number recognition device and vehicle section management system, realizes the storage and the transmission of data, and this measuring device can install on T type rail and channel rail, is applicable to freight railway vehicle, passenger stock rail vehicle, railcar, city rail vehicle.

Example 2:

a rail vehicle wheel cake parameter online measurement method comprises the following specific measurement method:

the method comprises the following steps: mounting of an on-line measuring device

The first 1D laser displacement sensor (1) and the fourth 1D laser displacement sensor (4) are installed on the outer side of the track through a support, and the second 1D laser displacement sensor (2) and the third 1D laser displacement sensor (3) are installed on the inner side of the track;

step two: obtaining wheel cake tread curve

a) When the wheel cake rolls and passes through the fourth 1D laser displacement sensor (4), the point laser of the fourth 1D laser displacement sensor (4) can sweep from the wheel cake tread, so that wheel cake tread data are obtained, and a wheel cake tread curve is obtained through coordinate transformation and curve fitting;

b) the third 1D laser displacement sensor (3) sweeps the wheel back, and the wheel back position is obtained through coordinate transformation;

step three: obtaining the diameter of the circle where the M point is located:

a) when the wheel cake rolls over the first 1D laser displacement sensor (1), the point laser of the first 1D laser displacement sensor (1) sweeps from the circle where the M point is located to obtain a plurality of points M_0、M_1、……..M_iAnd (4) data.

b) To M_0、M_1、……..M_iPerforming circle fitting to obtain the coordinates (x) of the center of the circle₀,y₀) And a radius r;

c) the second 1D laser displacement sensor (2) sweeps the wheel back, and the wheel back position is obtained through coordinate transformation;

step four: obtaining the diameter and the characteristic value of the rolling circle:

a) finding a rolling circle position point P which is 70mm away from the wheel back on the wheel cake tread curve, simultaneously finding a point M, and calculating the height difference h between the two points P, M;

b) diameter of rolling circle: d ═ r +2 × h;

c) calculating the obtained wheel cake tread curve according to the railway industry standard to obtain data such as the height of a wheel flange, the thickness of the wheel flange, a Qr value, the width of a wheel rim and the like;

step five: obtaining of inner side distance and equivalent taper

The distance between the two second 1D laser displacement sensors (2) on the inner sides of the two tracks is calibrated to obtain the distance between the inner sides of the wheel pairs, and then the equivalent taper is calculated according to the standard of the railway industry;

step six: perfecting data management application functions

The method comprises the following steps of (1) recording the date, the number, the axial position and the wheel number of a vehicle by combining a vehicle number identification device;

function 2, can calculate the diameter difference of the same axle, with the diameter difference of the bogie, with the diameter difference of the car, through inputting the valve value, realize the alarm of the out-of-tolerance;

function 3, by inputting the threshold values of the rim height, the rim thickness, the Qr value, the rolling circle diameter, the inner side distance, the equivalent taper and the like, the out-of-tolerance alarm is realized;

function 4, through the measurement of a certain time, can calculate the speed and trend of wearing and tearing, predict wearing and tearing the time of out of tolerance, guide the maintenance work of the wheel cake;

function 5, can interface with vehicle section management system, realize the data sharing, bring the wheel cake measuring system into the vehicle section management system;

function 6, printout.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described above, or equivalent substitutions and modifications may be made to some features of the embodiments described above, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.