阅读说明：本技术 一种用于屋面干燥防水层密封性检测的电火花检漏诊断方法 (Electric spark leakage detection diagnosis method for detecting sealing performance of roof drying waterproof layer ) 是由 D·A·谢尔盖耶维奇 于 2020-08-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种用于屋面干燥防水层密封性的通量仪器诊断方法,包括以下步骤：在屋面内部设置条件导电基层,使导电层位于被诊断的屋面防水层以下,然后使用独立式电火花检测仪全面检查屋面表面,如果防水层里存在穿透性缺陷,则由于在条件导电基层与工作电极上形成高压电势差,而防水层作为电绝缘体,检测仪会在缺陷处检测到条件导电基层与工作电极之间产生击穿,则会有电火花出现,其特征在于：使用湿度大于7％的板材和现浇材料或电阻率小于10^5欧姆*米的保温材料和卷材作为条件导电基层,并向工作电极供应电流为0.15-1.0安,额定电压为2-50千伏的电势,而屋面表面可以是水平式、垂直式、倾斜式、复杂曲线表面或其组合。(The invention provides a flux instrument diagnosis method for the sealing performance of a dry waterproof layer of a roof, which comprises the following steps: set up the electrically conductive basic unit of condition in the roofing inside, make the conducting layer be located below the roofing waterproof layer diagnosed, then use independent type spark detector to inspect the roofing surface comprehensively, if there is the penetrability defect in the waterproof layer, then owing to form high-voltage potential difference on the electrically conductive basic unit of condition and working electrode, and the waterproof layer is as electrical insulator, and the detector can detect the condition at defect department and produce the breakdown between electrically conductive basic unit of condition and the working electrode, then there is the electric spark appearance, its characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of using a plate material with the humidity of more than 7% and a cast-in-place material or a heat insulation material with the resistivity of less than 10^5 ohm/meter and a coiled material as a conditional conductive base layer, supplying a working electrode with the potential of 0.15-1.0 ampere and the rated voltage of 2-50 kilovolts, wherein the surface of the roof can be a horizontal type, a vertical type, an inclined type, a complex curve surface or a combination thereof.)

1. A flux instrument diagnosis method for the sealing performance of a dry waterproof roof layer comprises the following steps:

arranging a conditional conductive base layer in the roof, and enabling the conductive layer to be positioned below the diagnosed roof waterproof layer;

an electric spark detector is used for comprehensively detecting the surface of the roof, if the waterproof layer has a penetrability defect, the high-voltage potential difference is formed between the conditional conductive base layer and the working electrode, the waterproof layer is used as an electric insulator, the detector can generate breakdown between the conditional conductive base layer and the working electrode at the defect position and simultaneously generate electric sparks,

the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of using a plate material with the humidity of more than 7% and a cast-in-place material or a heat insulation material and a coiled material with the resistivity of less than 105 ohm x m as a conditional conductive base layer, supplying 0.15-1.0A of current and 2-50 kV of rated voltage to a working electrode, wherein the surface of a roof can be a horizontal type surface, a vertical type surface, an inclined type surface, a complex curve surface or a combination of the horizontal type surface, the vertical type surface, the inclined type surface and the complex curve surface.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the conditionally electrically conductive substrate is provided inside a roof during roofing construction or reconstruction.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the spark tester is a self-contained spark tester.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of construction supervision and construction and installation engineering quality technical supervision, and can be used for diagnosing the sealing property of a waterproof layer of a roof with a complex structure, the roof does not need to be watered, and an insulating layer does not need to be soaked.

Background

Devices disclosed by Ceja C in Recommended test procedure for high-voltage membrane integration testing//28TH RCI International Convention and Trade Show, Chicago. The device can diagnose the sealing performance of the flat roof waterproof layer through high voltage. For diagnostic purposes, a probe sweep is performed from the side of the waterproof layer with a plate probe brush connected to a high pressure gun, while the conductive base layer on the other side of the waterproof layer is connected to a ground wire. The current will pass through the surface layer at the defect of the roof surface layer and enter the grounding base layer. This creates a short circuit, i.e. a breakdown. As a result, electric sparks are generated, thereby detecting the damaged portion of the waterproof layer.

Electronic Leak Detection High vs. Low Voltage// WATERPROOF! 2013. the method disclosed therein is well known. The method involves detecting a face layer leak using two different potentials during a roofing diagnostic process. The power supply used has two outgoing lines to maintain the opposite potential: one held at a negative potential "-" to power the brush electrodes and the other held at a positive potential "+" to power the substrate.

The ultra-precise instrumental diagnostic method for the sealing property of a roof waterproof layer by a high voltage method disclosed in Russian Federal application No. 2016148482 (published on 9/12/2016, International patent Classification No. G01M 3/16, E04D 13/16) is well known. The method is characterized in that when the conductive base layer forms an anisotropic high-voltage potential on the condition conductive base layer and the working electrode and the waterproof layer is used as an electric insulator, when the conductive base layer is damaged and the detection condition is met, a short circuit is generated between the conductive base layer and the working electrode. An electric spark detector is adopted as short-circuit detection equipment. The working electrode was supplied with a potential of 0.0015A of current and rated at 5-41 kV. Conductive cement particle boards, aluminum foil-clad insulation materials and glass fiber-based coiled materials can be used as the conditionally conductive base layer. If the roofing substrate is not conductive, it can be modified during the roofing construction or renovation phase to make it conductive.

However, the above known solutions are not accurate enough because when the working electrode is supplied with a potential of 0.0015 a of current and a nominal voltage of 5-41 kv, a large portion of the roofing defects are not detected by the electric spark tester during the diagnosis. Furthermore, in order to ensure that the defect detection site generates an electric spark, that is, a short circuit is realized in a circuit composed of the conditionally conductive base layer, the contact electrode, the detector, and the working electrode, it is necessary to use a material satisfying a series of conditions. For example, if the sheet moisture is less than 7%, or the resistivity of the coil is greater than 105 ohms/meter, the circuit will not short even if the roofing waterproofing layer is defective.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical result achieved by implementing the invention is that the successful detection probability of the defects in the roof waterproof layer diagnosis process is improved.

According to the invention, the flux instrument diagnosis method for the sealing performance of the dry waterproof layer of the roof comprises the following steps: set up the electrically conductive basic unit of condition in the roofing inside, make the conducting layer be located below the roofing waterproof layer diagnosed, then use independent type spark detector to inspect the roofing surface comprehensively, if there is the penetrability defect in the waterproof layer, then owing to form high-voltage potential difference on the electrically conductive basic unit of condition and working electrode, and the waterproof layer is as electrical insulator, and the detector can detect the condition at defect department and produce the breakdown between electrically conductive basic unit of condition and the working electrode, then there is the electric spark appearance, its characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of using a plate material with the humidity of more than 7% and a cast-in-place material or a heat insulation material with the resistivity of less than 10^5 ohm/meter and a coiled material as a conditional conductive base layer, supplying a working electrode with the potential of 0.15-1.0 ampere and the rated voltage of 2-50 kilovolts, wherein the surface of the roof can be a horizontal type, a vertical type, an inclined type, a complex curve surface or a combination thereof.

Detailed Description

For the purposes of the present invention, a "conditionally electrically conductive base layer" refers to a base layer made of any material that can be modified to serve as an electrically conductive layer.

For example, a conditioned conductive substrate may be provided on the interior of a roof during construction or renovation of the roof. It is preferred to use in roofing structures sheet and cast in place materials with moisture greater than 7% or insulation and coil materials with resistivity less than 105 ohms x m. For example, the board and cast in place material may be cement particle board with a moisture content of greater than 7%. For example, the insulation and the web may be fiberglass or fiberglass cloth-based composites. If other similar materials having a moisture value or resistivity outside of the above ranges are used, the principles of the present invention will not work: no electrical short circuit occurs at the defect detection location.

A roof with a complex structure, which may be a vertical, horizontal, inclined surface or various combinations thereof, has in fact both a flat roof section and also projections, roofing abutments, drainage funnels, parapet walls. And selecting a proper conditional conductive base layer scheme according to the roof structure. Contact electrodes are provided on the vertical surfaces of the roof panel butt joints or the protruding structures above the roof for subsequent connection to a self-contained spark detector, while ensuring stable electrical contact between the conditionally electrically conductive base layer and each contact electrode.

The ground cable of the detector is preferably connected to a contact electrode provided on the conditionally electrically conductive substrate. If the direct connection with the base layer cannot be realized, the detector can be grounded by adopting a capacitance method. The operator uses a working electrode, such as a high pressure gun, connected to a probe brush to inspect the roofing surface, preferably to supply the electrode with a potential of 0.15-1.0 amps at a nominal voltage of 2-50 kv. If the current and voltage values are outside the above ranges, a large portion of the waterproofing layer defects may be missed or the surface of the waterproofing layer may be damaged during diagnosis. Flux diagnostics are intended to examine each square centimeter of the full roofing surface.

If the waterproof layer has a penetrating defect, the waterproof layer is used as an electric insulator because a high-voltage potential difference is formed between the conditional conductive base layer and the working electrode, and the detector detects that electric breakdown generated between the conditional conductive base layer and the working electrode is accompanied by electric sparks at the defect position. When the defect is detected, the electric spark detector can send out sound or light alarm signals.

The invention can also be applied to civil and industrial engineering, and the diagnosis objects can be internal and external waterproof layers of embedded reinforced concrete structures (including shallow foundation and subway stations), fire-fighting water tanks, parking lots, industrial containers and the like.