Oxygen-blown smelting process and system for electric furnace
阅读说明：本技术 电炉吹氧熔炼工艺和系统 (Oxygen-blown smelting process and system for electric furnace ) 是由 李兵 于 2020-07-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种电炉吹氧熔炼工艺和系统。该电炉吹氧熔炼工艺包括：对铜精矿熔炼工段产出物在电炉内进行吹氧熔炼,产出物为铜锍、或铜锍和熔炼渣的混合熔体,吹氧熔炼过程中向电炉中送入含氧气体,含氧气体的氧气体积含量为20～90％。本申请的电炉吹氧熔炼工艺将前工段熔炼工艺的产出物送入电炉后,通过向电炉吹氧改变电炉的功能,在电炉中使产出物中的低品位铜锍进行一定程度的吹炼反应后再沉降,进而提高电炉产出的铜锍品位,使所得铜锍适应连续吹炼的要求,从而可以实现连续吹炼处理,同时电炉吹氧熔炼过程产出热量,可以补充电炉需要的热量,从而降低电炉额外的电加热所需能耗。(The invention provides an oxygen-blown smelting process and system for an electric furnace. The electric furnace oxygen blowing smelting process comprises the following steps: and carrying out oxygen blowing smelting on the product produced in the copper concentrate smelting section in an electric furnace, wherein the product is copper matte or a mixed melt of the copper matte and smelting slag, and oxygen-containing gas is fed into the electric furnace in the oxygen blowing smelting process, and the oxygen volume content of the oxygen-containing gas is 20-90%. The utility model provides an electric stove oxygen blowing smelting process is with the output of preceding workshop section smelting process after sending into the electric stove, through the function that changes the electric stove to electric stove oxygen blowing, make the low-grade copper matte in the output carry out the converting reaction of certain degree in the electric stove and then descend, and then improve the copper matte grade of electric stove output, make the requirement of the continuous converting of gained copper matte adaptation, thereby can realize continuous converting and handle, electric stove oxygen blowing smelting process output heat simultaneously, can supply the heat that the electric stove needs, thereby reduce the required energy consumption of the extra electrical heating of electric stove.)
1. An electric furnace oxygen-blown smelting process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
oxygen blowing smelting is carried out on the product produced in the copper concentrate smelting section in an electric furnace, the product is copper matte or the mixed melt of the copper matte and smelting slag,
and feeding oxygen-containing gas into the electric furnace in the oxygen blowing smelting process, wherein the oxygen volume content of the oxygen-containing gas is 20-90%.
2. The electric furnace oxygen-blown smelting process of claim 1, wherein the copper matte grade of the effluent is from 30% to 70%.
3. The electric furnace oxygen-blown smelting process according to claim 1, wherein the copper matte grade obtained by the oxygen-blown smelting is 65 to 78 percent.
4. The oxygen-blown smelting process of claim 1, wherein the furnace temperature of the electric furnace is 1150 ℃ to 1300 ℃.
5. The oxygen-blown smelting process according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen-containing gas is fed into the electric furnace by side-blowing or top-blowing.
6. The oxygen-blown smelting process of claim 5, wherein one or more side-blowing lances are provided on the side wall of the electric furnace, preferably cooling means are provided outside the side-blowing lances, preferably the cooling means is a copper water jacket or a copper-steel composite water jacket; or one or more top-blowing spray guns are arranged on the top of the electric furnace.
7. The oxygen-blown smelting process of claim 5, wherein the thickness of the mixed melt in the electric furnace is 1200 mm-2000 mm when the oxygen-containing gas is side-blown into the electric furnace, wherein the smelting slag layer is 400 mm-1000 mm; when the oxygen-containing gas is top-blown into the electric furnace, the thickness of the mixed melt in the electric furnace is 900-1500 mm, wherein the smelting slag layer is 100-400 mm.
8. The electric furnace oxygen-blown smelting process of claim 6, the flow rate of oxygen-containing gas fed through each of the side-blowing lances being 200Nm3/h～2000Nm3H, preferably 500Nm3/h～2000Nm3H, the pressure is 0.08MPa to 0.3 MPa; or the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas fed through each of said top-blowing lances is 200Nm3/h～2000Nm3H, preferably 500Nm3/h～2000Nm3The pressure is 0.08MPa to 0.6 MPa.
9. The electric furnace oxygen blown smelting process of claim 1, wherein the copper matte from the electric furnace is available for continuous converting in a converting furnace.
10. The oxygen-blown smelting process according to claim 1, further comprising adding a flux to the electric furnace for slagging, the flux comprising any one or more of a silica-based flux and a calcium oxide-based flux.
11. The oxygen blown smelting process of claim 1 wherein the electric furnace also produces flue gas which is also subjected to acid making or desulphurisation.
12. The utility model provides an electric stove oxygen blast system of smelting which characterized in that, electric stove oxygen blast system of smelting includes:
the front-section smelting furnace (10) is used for smelting copper concentrate to obtain a product, the product is copper matte or a mixed melt of the copper matte and smelting slag, and the front-section smelting furnace (10) is provided with a product outlet;
an electric furnace (20) having an oxygen-containing gas inlet (21), a front-stage smelter product inlet (22), a copper matte outlet (24) and a smelted slag outlet (23), the product inlet (22) being connected to the front-stage smelter product outlet (22), the electric furnace (20) being used for oxygen-blown smelting of the product in the electric furnace (20);
an oxygen-containing gas supply device (30) having an oxygen-containing gas outlet connected to the oxygen-containing gas inlet (21), the oxygen-containing gas having an oxygen content of 20 to 90% by volume.
13. The electric furnace oxygen-blown smelting system according to claim 12, characterized in that one or more side-blowing lances are provided as the oxygen-containing gas inlets (21) on a side wall of the electric furnace (20).
14. The electric furnace oxygen-blown smelting system according to claim 12, characterized in that one or more top-blowing lances are provided as the oxygen-containing gas inlet (21) on the roof of the electric furnace (20).
15. The electric furnace oxygen-blown smelting system of claim 13, wherein a cooling device is provided outside the side-blowing lance, preferably the cooling device is a copper water jacket or a copper-steel composite water jacket.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of copper concentrate smelting, in particular to an electric furnace oxygen blowing smelting process and system.
Background
The top-blown smelting is one of the main processes for smelting copper concentrate, and the top-blown smelting process of copper comprises the following steps: copper concentrate proportioning, granulating, smelting in a top-blown smelting furnace to produce a mixture of copper matte and smelting slag, separating the electric furnace copper matte and the smelting slag, further processing the smelting slag, and blowing the copper matte in a blowing process.
Copper matte produced by top-blown copper smelting is low in grade, the copper matte grade is 40% -65%, the copper matte produced by the existing top-blown smelting adopts periodic converting, such as P-S converter converting and top-blown copper matte converting, firstly slagging and then producing copper, and with the development of continuous converting technology, the periodic converting is gradually eliminated due to poor environmental protection conditions and safety, high energy consumption and long process, and the continuous converting requires high grade of copper matte entering a furnace, so that the production amount of converting slag is reduced, and the metal direct yield of a converting section is improved; in addition, the mixed melt of copper matte and slag produced by the top-blowing furnace needs to enter an electric furnace for settlement separation, the electric furnace is required to supply power for maintaining the temperature of the melt, the power consumption of the electric furnace increases the process energy consumption, and the cost is increased. Due to the above, the top-blown copper smelting process gradually loses competitiveness, and the existing enterprises adopting top-blown smelting have higher and higher environmental protection, energy consumption and cost pressure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide an oxygen-blown smelting process and an oxygen-blown smelting system for an electric furnace, and aims to solve the problem that the copper matte obtained by the smelting process in the prior art is low in grade and cannot meet the requirement of continuous converting.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric furnace oxygen-blown smelting process including: and carrying out oxygen blowing smelting on the product produced in the copper concentrate smelting section in an electric furnace, wherein the product is copper matte or a mixed melt of the copper matte and smelting slag, and oxygen-containing gas is fed into the electric furnace in the oxygen blowing smelting process, and the oxygen volume content of the oxygen-containing gas is 20-90%.
Further, the copper matte grade of the product is 30-70%.
Further, the copper matte grade obtained by the oxygen blowing smelting is 65-78%.
Further, the furnace temperature of the electric furnace is 1150-1300 ℃.
Further, the oxygen-containing gas is fed into the electric furnace by side blowing or top blowing.
Furthermore, one or more side-blowing spray guns are arranged on the side wall of the electric furnace, a cooling device is preferably arranged outside the side-blowing spray guns, and the cooling device is preferably a copper water jacket or a copper-steel composite water jacket; or one or more top-blowing spray guns are arranged on the top of the electric furnace.
Further, when the oxygen-containing gas is blown into the electric furnace from the side, the thickness of the mixed melt in the electric furnace is 1200 mm-2000 mm, wherein the thickness of the smelting slag layer is 400 mm-1000 mm; when oxygen-containing gas is top-blown into the electric furnace, the thickness of the mixed melt in the electric furnace is 900-1500 mm, wherein the smelting slag layer is 100-400 mm.
Further, the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas fed through each of the side-blowing lances is 200Nm3/h to 2000Nm3/h, preferably 500Nm3H-2000 Nm3/h, pressure 0.08 MPa-0.6 MPa; or the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas fed through each top-blowing lance is 200Nm3/h～2000Nm3H, preferably 500Nm3/h～2000Nm3The pressure is 0.08MPa to 0.6 MPa.
Further, the copper matte obtained by the electric furnace can be used for continuous converting of converting furnaces.
Further, the oxygen-blown smelting process also comprises the step of adding a fusing agent into the electric furnace for slagging, wherein the fusing agent comprises any one or more of a silicon dioxide fusing agent and a calcium oxide fusing agent.
Furthermore, the electric furnace also generates flue gas, and the flue gas also needs to be subjected to acid making or desulfurization.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric furnace oxygen-blown smelting system comprising: the front working section smelting furnace is used for smelting copper concentrate to obtain a product, the product is copper matte or a mixed melt of the copper matte and smelting slag, and the front working section smelting furnace is provided with a product outlet; the electric furnace is provided with an oxygen-containing gas inlet, a product inlet of the front-section smelting furnace, a copper matte outlet and a smelting slag outlet, the product inlet is connected with the product outlet of the front-section smelting furnace, and the electric furnace is used for performing oxygen blowing smelting on the product in the electric furnace; the oxygen-containing gas supply device is provided with an oxygen-containing gas outlet which is connected with the oxygen-containing gas inlet, and the oxygen volume content of the oxygen-containing gas is 20-90%.
Further, one or more side-blowing lances are provided as oxygen-containing gas inlets on the side walls of the electric furnace.
Further, one or more top-blowing lances are provided as oxygen-containing gas inlets in the roof of the electric furnace.
Furthermore, a cooling device is arranged outside the side-blowing lance, and preferably the cooling device is a copper water jacket or a copper-steel composite water jacket.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, after the products of the smelting process in the previous working section are fed into the electric furnace, the function of the electric furnace is changed by blowing oxygen into the electric furnace, and low-grade copper matte in the products is subjected to blowing reaction to a certain degree in the electric furnace and then is reduced, so that the grade of the copper matte produced by the electric furnace is improved, and the obtained copper matte is suitable for the requirement of continuous blowing, thereby realizing continuous blowing treatment.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a top-blown smelting system provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electric furnace of a top-blown smelting system provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electric furnace of a side-blown smelting system provided in another embodiment of the present application.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
10. a front working section smelting furnace; 20. an electric furnace; 30. an oxygen-containing gas supply device;
21. an oxygen-containing gas inlet; 22. the product inlet of the smelting furnace in the front working section; 23. a slag outlet; 24. and (4) copper matte outlet.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
As analyzed by the background art of the application, the copper matte obtained by top-blown smelting in the prior art is low in grade, so that the copper matte is not suitable for continuous converting.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, there is provided an electric furnace oxygen-blown smelting process comprising: and (2) oxygen blowing smelting is carried out on the product of the copper concentrate smelting section in an electric furnace, the product is copper matte or mixed melt of the copper matte and smelting slag, and oxygen-containing gas is fed into the electric furnace in the oxygen blowing smelting process, wherein the oxygen volume content of the oxygen-containing gas is 20-90%.
The utility model provides an electric stove oxygen blowing smelting process is with the output of preceding workshop section smelting process after sending into the electric stove, through the function that changes the electric stove to electric stove oxygen blowing, make the low-grade copper matte in the output carry out the converting reaction of certain degree in the electric stove and then descend, and then improve the copper matte grade of electric stove output, make the requirement of the continuous converting of gained copper matte adaptation, thereby can realize continuous converting and handle, electric stove oxygen blowing smelting process output heat simultaneously, can supply the heat that the electric stove needs, thereby reduce the required energy consumption of the extra electrical heating of electric stove.
The copper matte grade in the product of the copper concentrate smelting section is 30-70%. The copper matte grade obtained by the oxygen-blown smelting of the electric furnace is preferably 65 to 78 percent. It will be clear to the skilled person that continuous converting is preferred when the copper matte grade in the effluent is above 65%.
The electric furnace commonly used in the field has various forms, the electric furnace is preferably selected to be a settling electric furnace, oxygen is introduced into the electric furnace to oxidize, desulfurize, deferrize and slag formation of the mixed melt, the settling electric furnace is dependent on the original heating function and settling function of the electric furnace to settle the melt after oxidizing, desulfurize, deferrization and slag formation, and in order to enable the separation of copper matte and smelting slag to be more thorough, the furnace temperature of the electric furnace is preferably 1150-1300 ℃.
In order to improve the contact effect between the oxygen-containing gas and the mixed melt, the oxygen-containing gas is preferably fed into an electric furnace by side blowing or top blowing, and more preferably directly fed into the mixed melt.
In one embodiment, it is preferable that one or more side-blowing lances are provided on a side wall of the electric furnace. The desulfurization and deferrization effects of the mixed melt at each position in the electric furnace are improved by further optimizing the number and the positions of the spray guns. Since the side-blowing lance needs to protrude into the mixed melt, a cooling device is preferably provided outside the side-blowing lance, which is preferably a copper water jacket or a copper-steel composite water jacket. The arrangement of the cooling device is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the spray gun and the service life of the furnace.
In another embodiment, one or more top-blowing lances are provided on the roof of the electric furnace. The desulfurization and deferrization effects of the mixed melt at each position in the electric furnace are improved by further optimizing the number and the positions of the spray guns.
In order to further improve the reaction efficiency, when the oxygen-containing gas is blown into the electric furnace from the side, the thickness of the mixed melt in the electric furnace is 1200 mm-2000 mm, wherein the thickness of the smelting slag layer is 400 mm-1000 mm; preferably, when the oxygen-containing gas is top-blown into the electric furnace, the thickness of the mixed melt in the electric furnace is 900-1500 mm, wherein the thickness of the smelting slag layer is 100-400 mm.
Further, in order to control the oxygen-blown smelting efficiency, it is preferable that the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas passing through each side-blowing lance is 200Nm3/h～2000Nm3H, preferably 500Nm3/h～2000Nm3Perh, more preferably 1000Nm3/h～2000Nm3H, the pressure is 0.08MPa to 0.6 MPa; or an oxygen-containing gas flow rate of 200Nm per top-blowing lance3/h～2000Nm3Pressure of 0.08 to 0.6MPa, preferably 500Nm3/h～2000Nm3Perh, more preferably 1000Nm3/h～2000Nm3/h。
In one embodiment of the application, the copper matte obtained from the electric furnace described above can be used for continuous converting in converting furnaces. The copper matte of electric stove output can directly connect through the chute and get into the converting furnace and carry out the converting in succession, need not to adopt the steamed stuffed bun to transport with the copper matte, has reduced the safe risk of handling, improves the environmental protection condition simultaneously.
In order to further improve the copper matte grade obtained by the oxygen blowing smelting process, the oxygen blowing smelting process preferably further comprises adding a fusing agent into the electric furnace for slagging, wherein the fusing agent comprises any one or more of a silicon dioxide fusing agent and a calcium oxide fusing agent.
Since the electric furnace is used for desulfurization, sulfur-containing flue gas is also generated in the electric furnace, and in order to further reduce the flue gas treatment cost, the flue gas is preferably used for acid preparation or desulfurization. The specific acid making or desulfurization process can be referred to the prior art and is not described in detail herein.
In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, an electric furnace oxygen-blown smelting system is provided, as shown in fig. 1, the electric furnace oxygen-blown smelting comprises a front-
The utility model provides an electric stove oxygen blowing system of smelting adopts preceding workshop
In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 3, one or more side-blowing lances are provided as the oxygen-containing
In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 2, one or more top-blowing lances are provided as the oxygen-containing
In general, the part of the side-blowing lance located in the electric furnace is completely immersed in the melt mixture, and in order to improve the life of the side-blowing lance and the furnace life, a cooling device is arranged outside the side-blowing lance, preferably the cooling device is a copper water jacket or a copper-steel composite water jacket.
In an embodiment of the present application, the
The advantageous effects of the present application will be further described below with reference to examples and comparative examples.
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