Sensor with a sensor element
阅读说明：本技术 传感器 (Sensor with a sensor element ) 是由 樱井和彦 原田昌树 赤井幸辉 镰形州一 于 2020-03-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明的传感器包括：第1电极；第2电极；吸附部,其配置于所述第1电极与所述第2电极之间,通过吸附比所述第1电极与所述第2电极之间的间隔小的导体颗粒而使所述第1电极与所述第2电极之间的电阻变化；以及短路抑制部,其用于抑制由具有比所述第1电极与所述第2电极之间的间隔大的尺寸的大径导体片引起的所述第1电极与所述第2电极间的短路。(The sensor of the present invention comprises: a 1 st electrode; a 2 nd electrode; an adsorption part which is arranged between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode and adsorbs conductor particles smaller than the interval between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode to change the resistance between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode; and a short-circuit suppressing portion for suppressing a short-circuit between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode caused by a large-diameter conductor piece having a size larger than a gap between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode.)
1. A sensor, wherein,
the sensor includes:
a 1 st electrode;
a 2 nd electrode;
an adsorption part which is arranged between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode and adsorbs conductor particles smaller than the interval between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode to change the resistance between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode; and
a short-circuit suppressing portion for suppressing a short-circuit between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode caused by a large-diameter conductor piece having a size larger than a gap between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode.
2. The sensor of claim 1,
the sensor includes a detection unit for detecting a change in resistance between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode.
3. The sensor of claim 1 or 2,
the short-circuit suppressing portion is a convex portion having insulation properties provided on at least one of the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode.
4. The sensor of claim 1 or 2,
the short-circuit suppressing portion is a convex portion provided on the suction portion.
5. The sensor of claim 4,
the short circuit inhibiting portion and the absorbing portion form a single-piece construction therebetween.
6. The sensor of claim 4,
the short-circuit suppressing part and the suction part are separated from each other.
7. The sensor of claim 1,
the short-circuit suppressing portion has an insulating property.
8. The sensor of claim 1 or 2,
the short-circuit suppressing portion is a wire extending in a direction intersecting a direction in which the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode face each other.
9. A sensor, wherein,
the sensor includes:
a plurality of detection units including a pair of electrodes and an adsorption portion disposed between the pair of electrodes, the adsorption portion adsorbing conductive particles to change a resistance between the pair of electrodes; and
And a detection unit that outputs a signal when the resistance changes in the set number of detection cells.
10. The sensor of claim 9,
in a state where the conductive particles are not adsorbed, the resistances of the plurality of detection cells are the same.
11. The sensor of claim 9 or 10,
the plurality of detection units are connected in parallel with each other.
12. A sensor, wherein,
the sensor has:
a 1 st electrode;
a 2 nd electrode;
an adsorption part which is arranged between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode and changes the resistance between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode by adsorbing conductive particles;
a detection section for detecting that a predetermined amount of the conductive particles are adsorbed; and
and a sensitivity adjustment unit that adjusts the adsorption state of the conductive particles to change the detection sensitivity.
13. The sensor of claim 12,
the sensitivity adjustment unit adjusts a distance between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode.
14. The sensor of claim 13,
the sensitivity adjustment unit is a wall of an insulator disposed between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode, and sets of the insulators having different heights of the wall are formed.
15. The sensor of claim 13,
the sensitivity adjustment unit is an insulator disposed between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode, and sets of insulators having different thicknesses are formed between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode.
16. The sensor of any one of claims 13-15,
the 1 st electrode has an end portion on the same surface as the 2 nd electrode.
17. The sensor of claim 12,
the sensitivity adjustment section is another adsorption section that adsorbs the conductor particles at least outside the adsorption section.
18. The sensor of claim 12,
the sensitivity adjustment unit has a surface treatment layer for the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode.
19. A sensor, wherein,
the sensor has:
a bottomed cylindrical external electrode;
an insulator disposed as an inner cylinder with a bottom on the external electrode;
a magnet disposed inside the insulator;
an inner electrode disposed inside the insulator and located closer to an opening side of the outer electrode than the magnet in an axial direction;
a detection unit that detects that a predetermined amount of conductive particles are adsorbed by the magnet so as to short-circuit the outer electrode and the inner electrode; and
And a sensitivity adjustment unit that adjusts the adsorption state of the conductive particles to change the detection sensitivity.
20. The sensor of claim 19,
the insulator has a cylindrical portion and a sheet-like bottom portion.
21. The sensor of claim 19 or 20,
the sensor has a fastening portion penetrating the inner electrode, the magnet, the bottom of the insulator, and the bottom of the outer electrode in the axial direction.
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a sensor.
Background
Mechanical devices such as speed reducers are housed in a case in which lubricating oil is stored in order to suppress damage to mechanical parts such as gears. When the machine parts are worn during operation of such a machine, wear powder (for example, a conductive material such as iron powder) is mixed into the lubricating oil. The abrasion powder is a conductive substance such as iron powder. When the wear of the machine parts progresses to enter a wear failure period in a failure rate curve (bathtub curve), the amount of wear debris mixed into the lubricating oil increases. Therefore, the machine component can be protected accurately by the sensor for detecting the amount of wear debris in the lubricating oil.
As such a sensor, for example, patent document 1 discloses an oil detection sensor that is attached to a transmission of an automobile or the like and detects deterioration of oil in an oil tank, a degree of wear of a machine part lubricated with oil, and the like. The sensor includes a pair of electrodes and a magnet for adsorbing iron powder or the like (conductive substance) contained in oil, and detects the amount of the conductive substance in the oil based on a resistance value between the pair of electrodes that changes according to the adsorbed conductive substance.
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
However, the wear powder detected in the reduction gear or the like increases due to initial wear, and then after a substantially constant normal operation, increases rapidly before a failure occurs. The sensor detects an increase in the amount of wear debris before the failure, but when the amount of wear debris generated by initial wear is large, such as when the size of the speed reducer is large, the sensor may malfunction and fail to detect the increase in the amount of wear debris before the failure that should be originally detected.
Further, there is a demand for preventing malfunction of the sensor, and for reliably stopping and replacing the reduction gear by detection before failure.
Further, when manufacturing a mechanical device such as a reduction gear, foreign matter (for example, chips) having a large particle diameter generated by cutting or the like may adhere to a component of the mechanical device and be mixed into the lubricating oil. If such foreign matter having a large particle diameter adheres to the sensor, the pair of electrodes are short-circuited even if abrasion powder is hardly generated. As described above, in the sensor for detecting the amount of wear debris, the sensor may operate unexpectedly even if the amount of wear debris is small.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide: provided is a sensor capable of suppressing unintended operation caused by mixing of foreign matter, and a difference between the amount of wear powder generated and an operation set amount.
Means for solving the problems
A sensor according to a first aspect of the present invention includes:
a 1 st electrode;
a 2 nd electrode;
an adsorption part which is arranged between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode and adsorbs conductor particles smaller than the interval between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode to change the resistance between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode; and
a short-circuit suppressing portion for suppressing a short-circuit between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode caused by a large-diameter conductor piece having a size larger than a gap between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode. Thus, the above problems are solved.
The sensor includes a short-circuit suppressing portion for suppressing a short circuit between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode caused by a large-diameter conductor piece (i.e., foreign matter) having a size larger than a gap between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode. This suppresses a short circuit between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode caused by the large-diameter conductor piece, thereby suppressing an unintended operation of the sensor.
The sensor according to the first aspect of the present invention may include a detection unit for detecting a change in resistance between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode.
In the sensor according to the first aspect of the present invention, the short-circuit suppressing portion may be a convex portion having insulation properties provided on at least one of the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode.
According to this structure, even when the large-diameter conductor piece is attracted, the convex portion suppresses electrical contact with at least one of the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode. Therefore, a short circuit between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode due to the large-diameter conductor piece is suppressed, and an unintended operation of the sensor can be suppressed.
In the sensor according to the first aspect of the present invention, the short-circuit suppressing portion may be a convex portion provided on the adsorbing portion.
In this manner, by providing the convex portion between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode, even when the large-diameter conductor piece is attracted, the electrical contact with at least one of the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode can be suppressed. Therefore, a short circuit between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode due to the large-diameter conductor piece is suppressed, and an unintended operation of the sensor can be suppressed.
In the sensor according to the first aspect of the present invention, the short-circuit suppressing portion and the adsorbing portion may be formed in a single-piece structure.
In the sensor according to the first aspect of the present invention, the short-circuit suppressing portion and the suction portion may be formed as a separate member.
In the sensor according to the first aspect of the present invention, the short-circuit suppressing portion may have an insulating property.
In the sensor according to the first aspect of the present invention, the short-circuit suppressing portion may be a wire extending in a direction intersecting a direction in which the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode face each other.
According to this structure, even when the large-diameter conductor piece is attracted, electrical contact with at least one of the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode is suppressed by the wire. Therefore, a short circuit between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode due to the large-diameter conductor piece is suppressed, and an unintended operation of the sensor can be suppressed.
A sensor according to a second aspect of the present invention includes:
a plurality of detection units including a pair of electrodes and an adsorption portion disposed between the pair of electrodes, the adsorption portion adsorbing conductive particles to change a resistance between the pair of electrodes; and
and a detection unit that outputs a signal when the resistance changes in the set number of detection cells. Thus, the above problems are solved.
The sensor includes a plurality of detection cells, and the detection unit outputs a signal when the resistance decreases for a set number of detection cells. Thus, the detection unit can be set so as not to output a signal even if the resistance changes in 1 detection cell due to the large-diameter conductor piece. Therefore, an unintended operation of the sensor due to the large-diameter conductor piece can be suppressed.
In the sensor according to the second aspect of the present invention, the resistances of the plurality of detection cells may be the same in a state where the conductive particles are not adsorbed.
According to this configuration, since the voltages applied to the plurality of detection cells can be made the same, the voltage applied to the sensor can be reduced.
In the sensor according to the second aspect of the present invention, the plurality of detection units may be connected in parallel with each other.
According to this configuration, the voltage applied between the pair of electrodes of each detection cell can be reduced as compared with the case where a plurality of detection cells are connected in series.
A sensor according to a third aspect of the present invention includes:
a 1 st electrode;
a 2 nd electrode;
an adsorption part which is arranged between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode and changes the resistance between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode by adsorbing conductive particles;
a detection section for detecting that a predetermined amount of the conductive particles are adsorbed; and
and a sensitivity adjustment unit that adjusts the adsorption state of the conductive particles to change the detection sensitivity. The above problems are thereby solved.
According to the sensor of the third aspect of the present invention, the sensitivity adjustment unit adjusts the adsorption state of the conductor particles. Thus, even when the amount of the abrasion powder adsorbed is large, the detection sensitivity of the sensor can be adjusted by the adsorption of the conductive particles, and reliable detection can be performed. In particular, when the size of the speed reducer or the like provided with the sensor is large and the amount of the initial wear debris is large, the detection can be reliably performed by setting the size so as to restrict the adsorption of the initial wear debris or to change the detection state when the amount of the adsorption is large.
In the sensor according to the third aspect of the present invention, the sensitivity adjustment unit may adjust a distance between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode.
In the sensor according to the third aspect of the present invention, the sensitivity adjustment unit may be a wall of an insulator disposed between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode, and the insulator may be formed in groups having different heights of the wall.
In the sensor according to the third aspect of the present invention, the sensitivity adjustment unit may be an insulator disposed between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode, and the insulator may be formed in a group of insulators having different thicknesses between the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode.
In the sensor according to the third aspect of the present invention, the 1 st electrode may have an end portion on the same surface as the 2 nd electrode.
In the sensor according to the third aspect of the present invention, the sensitivity adjustment section may be another adsorption section that adsorbs the conductor particles at least at a portion other than the adsorption section.
In the sensor according to the third aspect of the present invention, the sensitivity adjustment unit may include surface treatment layers of the 1 st electrode and the 2 nd electrode.
A sensor according to a fourth aspect of the present invention includes:
a bottomed cylindrical external electrode;
an insulator disposed as an inner cylinder with a bottom on the external electrode;
a magnet disposed inside the insulator;
an inner electrode disposed inside the insulator and located closer to an opening side of the outer electrode than the magnet in an axial direction;
a detection unit that detects that a predetermined amount of conductive particles are adsorbed by the magnet so as to short-circuit the outer electrode and the inner electrode; and
and a sensitivity adjustment unit that adjusts the adsorption state of the conductive particles to change the detection sensitivity. The above problems are thereby solved.
According to the sensor of the fourth aspect of the present invention, the sensitivity adjustment unit adjusts the adsorption state of the conductor particles. Thus, even when the amount of the abrasion powder adsorbed is large, the detection sensitivity of the sensor can be adjusted by the adsorption of the conductive particles, and reliable detection can be performed. In particular, when the size of the speed reducer or the like provided with the sensor is large and the amount of the initial wear debris is large, the detection can be reliably performed by setting the size so as to restrict the adsorption of the initial wear debris or to change the detection state when the amount of the adsorption is large.
In the sensor according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the insulator may have a cylindrical portion and a sheet-like bottom portion.
In the sensor according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the sensor may have a fastening portion that penetrates the inner electrode, the magnet, a bottom portion of the insulator, and a bottom portion of the outer electrode in the axial direction.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
According to the technical scheme of the invention, the following effects can be produced: a sensor capable of suppressing unintended operation and improving operation reliability can be provided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a mechanical device including a sensor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view and a sectional view of a sensor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a plan view and a cross-sectional view showing a sensor having a short-circuit suppressing portion according to a modification.
Fig. 4 is a plan view and a cross-sectional view showing a sensor having a short-circuit suppressing portion according to a modification.
Fig. 5 is a plan view and a cross-sectional view showing a sensor having a short-circuit suppressing portion according to a modification.
Fig. 6 is a plan view and a cross-sectional view showing a sensor having a short-circuit suppressing portion according to a modification.
Fig. 7 is a diagram for explaining a sensor according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a sectional view showing a sensor according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a plan view showing a sensor according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a sectional view showing a sensor according to
Fig. 11 is a diagram for explaining a sensor according to
Fig. 12 is a diagram for explaining a sensor according to
Description of the reference numerals
2 … speed reducer; 5. 30, 60 … sensors; 6. 61 … No. 1 electrode (inner electrode); 8. 62 … No. 2 electrode (outer electrode); 9. 69 … fastening member (fastening portion); 10. 63 … adsorption part (insulator); 7. a 64 … magnet; 10a, 11, 12a, 12b, 12c, 15 … short circuit suppression parts; 14 … wire rod; 31 … center electrode; 32(32A, 32B, 32C) … outer electrode; 50. 70 … detection part; 60a … detection face; 61h, 62h … surface treatment layer; 66 … cover.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, a sensor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In addition, the same reference numerals are given to the same components that are common to the plurality of drawings. It should be noted that, for the sake of convenience of explanation, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to precise scales.
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a mechanism 1 including a
The reduction gear 2 includes a
The
The flange 3 is a cylindrical member and houses at least a part of the reduction gear 2. Further, a servomotor 4 is attached to the flange 3. An opening portion of one end of the flange 3 in the direction along the axis AX is closed by the reducer 2, and an opening portion of the other end of the flange 3 is closed by the servomotor 4. Thus, a closed hollow portion (space S) is formed in the flange 3.
The space S accommodates lubricating oil, and the flange 3 also functions as an oil bath.
A gear mechanism is housed in the
A
Next, referring to fig. 2, the structure of the
As shown in fig. 2, the
The
The
The
In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the short-circuit suppressing portion 10a is a convex portion provided on the
Output lines (not shown) are connected to the 1
The
The decrease in resistance may include on/off signals caused by non-energization and energization, and may be detected in both non-energization and energization states (hereinafter referred to as "digital detection"). The
As described above, the
In addition, a single-piece structure is formed between the short-circuit suppressing portion 10a of the
This reduces the number of components constituting the
Next, a modification of the short-circuit suppressing portion of the
As shown in fig. 3, the short-
As described above, even in the
Next, another modification of the short-circuit suppressing portion of the
As shown in fig. 4, the short-circuit suppressing portion of the
As described above, even if the short-circuit suppressing portion is divided into a plurality of portions, at least one of the 1
Next, still another modification of the short-circuit suppressing unit of the
As shown in fig. 5, the short-circuit suppressing portion of the
In the embodiment of fig. 5, each of the plurality of support portions 13 is a pile-shaped member. One end of each support portion 13 is fixed in a state of being embedded in the
The material constituting the wire 14 is not particularly limited, and may be a conductive material such as a metal, or an insulating material such as a resin.
As described above, even in the case where the short-circuit suppressing portion is the wire 14, at least one of the 1
Next, still another modification of the short-circuit suppressing unit of the
As shown in fig. 6, the short-
As described above, even when the short-
Hereinafter, a sensor according to embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating a sensor according to the present embodiment.
The sensor 30 of the present embodiment is a sensor for detecting the amount of a conductive substance contained in the lubricant oil, as in the
The sensor 30 has a substantially cylindrical outer shape, and includes a plurality of detection units and a
More specifically, the sensor 30 includes a center electrode 31, a plurality of outer electrodes 32, an adsorption portion 33 disposed between the center electrode 31 and the outer electrodes 32, and a magnet 34. The plurality of outer electrodes 32 are insulated from each other, and 1 detection unit is constituted by a pair of electrodes including the center electrode 31 and 1 outer electrode 32, and the adsorption portion 33 disposed between the pair of electrodes.
In the illustrated embodiment, the sensor 30 has 4 outer electrodes 32A, 32B, 32C, and 32D, and constitutes 4 detection units. The number of outer electrodes 32 and the number of detection cells are not particularly limited. Since the magnet 34 of the sensor 30 forms magnetic flux lines between the pair of electrodes, the conductor substance contained in the lubricant oil is adsorbed to the adsorption portion 33. As described above, when the conductive substance is accumulated in the vicinity of the adsorption portion 33, the resistance of the detection unit changes. In a state where the conductive particles are not adsorbed, the resistances of the plurality of detection cells are the same.
Output lines are connected to the central electrode 31 and the outer electrodes 32, respectively, and the detection units are electrically connected to the
In the present embodiment, a plurality of detection cells are connected in parallel with each other, and a voltage from the same voltage source is applied between the center electrode 31 and each of the outer electrodes 32. When the resistance changes in any number of detection cells set, the
For example, the
As described above, the sensor 30 includes a plurality of detection cells, and the
Thus, the
In addition, in a state where the conductive particles are not adsorbed, the resistances of the plurality of detection cells are the same. This can reduce the voltage applied to the sensor 30.
In addition, the plurality of detection units are connected in parallel with each other. This can reduce the voltage applied between the pair of electrodes of each detection cell.
Hereinafter, a sensor according to embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a sensor according to the present embodiment, and the present embodiment is different from the above embodiments in terms of the adsorption portion. In fig. 8, a configuration not shown is provided.
As shown in fig. 8, the
The 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 is circular in shape when viewed from the upper surface of the
The
The outer diameter of the
The 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 are fixed in a state of being separated from each other. The 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 are made of a magnetic material having conductivity, such as iron, ferrite core, or silicon steel. The
The adsorption part (insulator) 63 is provided to fill the space between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62, and is interposed between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62.
The suction portion (insulator) 63 has a bottom portion 63a along the bottom portion 62a of the 2 nd electrode (external electrode) 62 and a cylindrical portion 63b along the wall portion (cylindrical portion) 62b of the 2 nd electrode (external electrode) 62.
The bottom portion 63a and the cylindrical portion 63b are separate bodies. The bottom 63a is formed in a sheet shape.
The bottom 63a of the suction portion (insulator) 63 is made of, for example, insulating paper, and the thickness thereof can be set to 0.05mm to 1 mm. The bottom 63a of the suction portion (insulator) 63 can be made of circular paper having an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the cylinder 63 b.
The bottom 63a can be a circular paper having an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the tube 63 b. In this case, the bottom 63a can be a circular paper having an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the tube 63 b. The bottom portion 63a may be a circular paper having the same outer diameter as the cylinder portion 63 b.
A step 63c is formed on the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 63b of the suction portion (insulator) 63. The portion of the cylindrical portion 63b of the suction portion (insulator) 63 on the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 side of the step 63c has an inner diameter dimension equal to the outer diameter of the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61. The cylindrical portion 63b of the suction portion (insulator) 63 has an inner diameter equal to the outer diameter of the
The thickness of the end of the cylindrical portion 63b of the adsorbing portion (insulator) 63, that is, the distance X1 between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the wall portion 62b of the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 is larger than the size of the conductor substance contained in the lubricating oil. For example, the size of the conductive material is about 1.0 μm to 100 μm, and the distance X1 is preferably set to a distance of such a degree that short-circuiting due to the initial wear iron powder does not occur. In the illustrated embodiment, the
The suction portion (insulator) 63 is made of a non-magnetic material having insulation properties, such as resin. Magnetic flux lines are formed between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 by the
A plane connecting the ends of the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62, which is substantially coplanar with the surface of the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61, of the
The openings of the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 may not be coplanar.
By increasing the creepage distance between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62, the amount of conductor wear powder adsorbed until the resistance value between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 decreases to a threshold value or becomes a short-circuited state increases.
In addition, by shortening the creepage distance between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62, the amount of conductor abrasion powder adsorbed until the resistance value between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 is lowered to a threshold value or becomes a short-circuited state becomes small.
The
In the present embodiment, the sensitivity adjustment section is an adsorption section (insulator) 63. In the present embodiment, the sensitivity adjustment unit is a cylindrical portion 63b of the suction portion (insulator) 63.
The adsorbing portion (insulator) 63 of the present embodiment adjusts the creepage distance between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62, thereby making it possible to adjust the amount of conductor abrasion powder adsorbed by the adsorbing portion (insulator) 63.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 8, the cylinder 63b of the suction part (insulator) 63 is formed as a set whose height from the detection surface 60a changes.
The height HA of the detection surface 60A of the sensor 60A in fig. 8 is the same as the height HA of the end of the cylindrical portion 63b of the suction portion (insulator) 63A, that is, the detection surface 60A is flush with the cylindrical portion 63b of the suction portion (insulator) 63A.
In the sensor 60B of fig. 8, the end of the cylindrical portion 63B of the suction portion (insulator) 63B is higher than the detection surface 60a by a height HB, that is, the cylindrical portion 63B of the suction portion (insulator) 63B protrudes from the detection surface 60a by the height HB.
In the sensor 60C of fig. 8, the end of the cylindrical portion 63b of the adsorbing portion (insulator) 63C is higher than the detection surface 60a by a height HC, that is, the cylindrical portion 63b of the adsorbing portion (insulator) 63C protrudes from the detection surface 60a by the height HC.
In the sensor 60D of fig. 8, the end of the cylindrical portion 63b of the suction portion (insulator) 63D is higher than the detection surface 60a by a height HD, that is, the cylindrical portion 63b of the suction portion (insulator) 63D protrudes from the detection surface 60a by the height HD.
Here, the relationship between the heights HA, HB, HC, and HD is set to HA (═ 0) < HB < HC < HD.
The
That is, the group of the cylindrical portions 63b of the plurality of suction portions (insulators) 63 having different heights (axial dimensions) constitutes the sensitivity adjustment portion.
Thus, the selection of the sensitivity adjustment unit enables selection of the creepage distance between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 from a plurality of values.
Here, in the sensor 60A of fig. 8, the creepage distance between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 set by the end of the cylindrical portion 63b of the suction portion (insulator) 63A is taken as a reference.
In contrast, in the sensor 60B of fig. 8, the creepage distance between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 set by the end of the cylindrical portion 63B of the suction portion (insulator) 63B is longer than the reference. Therefore, the amount of conductor wear powder adsorbed until the resistance value between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 is lowered to a threshold value or a short-circuited state can be increased. Thus, even when the size of the speed reducer 2 is large, for example, the failure detection of the speed reducer 2 can be reliably performed without being affected by an increase in the amount of the initial wear debris of the speed reducer 2.
In the sensor 60C of fig. 8, the creepage distance between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 set by the end of the cylindrical portion 63B of the suction portion (insulator) 63C is longer than that of the sensor 60B. Therefore, the amount of conductor wear powder adsorbed until the resistance value between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 is lowered to a threshold value or a short-circuited state can be increased. Thus, even when the size of the speed reducer 2 is larger, the failure detection of the speed reducer 2 can be reliably performed without being affected by an increase in the amount of the initial wear debris of the speed reducer 2.
In the sensor 60D of fig. 8, the creepage distance between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 set by the end of the cylindrical portion 63b of the suction portion (insulator) 63D is longer than that of the sensor 60C. Therefore, the amount of conductor wear powder adsorbed until the resistance value between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 is lowered to a threshold value or a short-circuited state can be increased. Thus, even when the size of the speed reducer 2 is further increased, the failure detection of the speed reducer 2 can be reliably performed without being affected by an increase in the amount of the initial wear debris of the speed reducer 2.
As described above, by appropriately selecting the suction portion (insulator) 63 from the group, it is possible to reliably detect a failure of the speed reducer 2 without increasing the size of the
That is, the center electrode (inner electrode) 61, the outer electrode (outer electrode) 62, the
In the present embodiment, the groups of the adsorption sections (insulators) 63 as the sensitivity adjustment sections are set to 4 types, but the present embodiment is not limited thereto and can be set as appropriate.
The
First, the outer electrode (outer electrode) 62 is disposed inside the case 65. Next, the bottom 63a of the suction portion (insulator) 63 is disposed at the bottom 62a of the outer electrode (outer electrode) 62. Next, the cylindrical portion 63b of the suction portion (insulator) 63 having the selected height dimension is inserted into the outer electrode (outer electrode) 62. Next, the
The
Specifically, by selecting the sensitivity adjustment unit in accordance with a case where the amount of the conductor abrasion powder is supposed to be generated is large, the creepage distance in which the abrasion powder is attracted between the
This makes it possible to reliably detect a failure of the speed reducer 2 without being affected by an increase in the amount of initial wear powder of the speed reducer 2.
Depending on the type (size) of the reduction gear, the amount of iron powder (wear powder) generated in the initial wear varies, and in the case of a large reduction gear, the amount of initial wear iron powder is large, and the initial wear iron powder fills the sensor electrical gap between the
In contrast, the
Hereinafter, a sensor according to embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 9 is a plan view showing a sensor according to the present embodiment, and the present embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment 3 in terms of the suction portion and the external electrode. In fig. 9, an illustration thereof is omitted.
As shown in fig. 9, the
The 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 is circular in shape when viewed from the upper surface of the
The
The outer diameter of the
The 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 are fixed in a state of being separated from each other. The 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 are made of a magnetic material having conductivity, such as iron, ferrite core, or silicon steel. The
The adsorption part (insulator) 63 is provided to fill the space between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62, and is interposed between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62.
The suction portion (insulator) 63 has a bottom portion 63a along the bottom portion 62a of the 2 nd electrode (external electrode) 62 and a cylindrical portion 63b along the wall portion (cylindrical portion) 62b of the 2 nd electrode (external electrode) 62.
The bottom portion 63a and the cylindrical portion 63b are separate bodies. The bottom 63a is formed in a sheet shape.
The bottom 63a of the suction portion (insulator) 63 is made of, for example, insulating paper, and the thickness thereof can be set to 0.05mm to 1 mm. The bottom 63a of the suction portion (insulator) 63 can be made of circular paper having an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the cylinder 63 b.
The bottom 63a can be a circular paper having an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the tube 63 b. In this case, the bottom 63a can be a circular paper having an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the tube 63 b. The bottom portion 63a may be a circular paper having the same outer diameter as the cylinder portion 63 b.
A step 63c is formed on the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 63b of the suction portion (insulator) 63. The portion of the cylindrical portion 63b of the suction portion (insulator) 63 on the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 side of the step 63c has an inner diameter dimension equal to the outer diameter of the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61. The cylindrical portion 63b of the suction portion (insulator) 63 has an inner diameter equal to the outer diameter of the
The thickness of the end of the cylindrical portion 63b of the adsorbing portion (insulator) 63, that is, the distance X1 between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the wall portion 62b of the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 is larger than the size of the conductor substance contained in the lubricating oil. For example, the size of the conductive material is about 1.0 μm to 100 μm, and the distance X1 is preferably set to a distance of such a degree that short-circuiting due to the initial wear iron powder does not occur. In the illustrated embodiment, the
The suction portion (insulator) 63 is made of a non-magnetic material having insulation properties, such as resin. Magnetic flux lines are formed between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 by the
A plane connecting the ends of the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62, which is substantially coplanar with the surface of the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61, of the
By increasing the creepage distance between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62, the amount of conductor wear powder adsorbed until the resistance value between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 decreases to a threshold value or becomes a short-circuited state increases.
In addition, by shortening the creepage distance between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62, the amount of conductor abrasion powder adsorbed until the resistance value between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 is lowered to a threshold value or becomes a short-circuited state becomes small.
The
In the present embodiment, the sensitivity adjustment section is an adsorption section (insulator) 63. In the present embodiment, the sensitivity adjustment unit is provided with the cylindrical portion 63b of the suction portion (insulator) 63, the outer electrode (outer electrode) 62, and the case 65.
The adsorbing portion (insulator) 63 of the present embodiment can adjust the creepage distance between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 based on the large-diameter conductor piece, thereby adjusting the amount of the conductor abrasion powder adsorbed.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 9, the radial thickness of the cylindrical portion 63b having the suction portion (insulator) 63 changes.
The sensor 60E of fig. 9 has an adsorbing portion (insulator) 63E, and the adsorbing portion (insulator) 63E becomes a distance X1 between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the wall portion 62b of the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 on the detection surface 60a, that is, a thickness X1 of an end portion of the cylindrical portion 63b on the detection surface 60 a.
In addition, the sensor 60E has an outer electrode (external electrode) 62E and a case 65E, the outer electrode (external electrode) 62E having a diameter size corresponding to the adsorption portion (insulator) 63E.
The sensor 60F of fig. 9 has an absorption portion (insulator) 63F, and the absorption portion (insulator) 63F becomes a distance X2 between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the wall portion 62b of the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 on the detection surface 60a, that is, a thickness X2 of an end portion of the cylindrical portion 63b on the detection surface 60 a.
In addition, the sensor 60F has an outer electrode (external electrode) 62F and a case 65F, the outer electrode (external electrode) 62F having a diameter size corresponding to the adsorption portion (insulator) 63F.
The sensor 60G of fig. 9 has an adsorbing portion (insulator) 63G, and the adsorbing portion (insulator) 63G becomes a distance X3 between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the wall portion 62b of the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 on the detection surface 60a, that is, a thickness X3 of an end portion of the cylindrical portion 63b on the detection surface 60 a.
In addition, the sensor 60G has an outer electrode (external electrode) 62G and a case 65G, the outer electrode (external electrode) 62G having a diameter size corresponding to the adsorption portion (insulator) 63G.
Here, the relationship among the thicknesses X1, X2, and X3 is set to X1< X2< X3.
The
That is, the group of the cylindrical portions 63b of the plurality of suction portions (insulators) 63 having different thicknesses (radial dimensions) constitutes the sensitivity adjustment portion.
Thus, the selection of the sensitivity adjustment unit enables selection of the creepage distance between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 from a plurality of values.
Here, in the sensor 60E of fig. 9, the creepage distance between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62E set by the end of the cylindrical portion 63b of the adsorbing portion (insulator) 63E is taken as a reference.
In contrast, in the sensor 60F of fig. 9, the creepage distance between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62F set by the end of the cylindrical portion 63b of the suction portion (insulator) 63F is longer than the reference. Therefore, the amount of conductor wear powder adsorbed until the resistance value between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62F becomes a threshold value or a short-circuited state can be increased. Thus, even when the size of the speed reducer 2 is large, for example, the failure detection of the speed reducer 2 can be reliably performed without being affected by an increase in the amount of the initial wear debris of the speed reducer 2.
In the sensor 60G of fig. 9, the creepage distance between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62G set by the end of the cylindrical portion 63b of the suction portion (insulator) 63G is longer than that of the sensor 60F. Therefore, the amount of conductor wear powder adsorbed until the resistance value between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62G becomes lower than the threshold value or becomes short-circuited can be increased. Thus, even when the size of the speed reducer 2 is larger, the failure detection of the speed reducer 2 can be reliably performed without being affected by an increase in the amount of the initial wear debris of the speed reducer 2.
By appropriately selecting the attracting portion (insulator) 63 from the group, it is possible to reliably detect a failure of the speed reducer 2 without increasing the size of the
That is, they are common to each other, and by replacing the suction portion (insulator) 63, the outer electrode (outer electrode) 62, and the case 65, the
In the present embodiment, the groups of the adsorption sections (insulators) 63 as the sensitivity adjustment sections are set to 3 types, but the present embodiment is not limited thereto and can be set as appropriate.
The
First, the outer electrode (outer electrode) 62 is placed inside the case 65 having a selected diameter size. Next, the bottom 63a of the suction portion (insulator) 63 having a corresponding diameter is disposed at the bottom 62a of the outer electrode (outer electrode) 62. Next, the cylindrical portion 63b of the suction portion (insulator) 63 having the selected diameter dimension is inserted into the outer electrode (outer electrode) 62. Next, the
In addition, a set of the case 65, the outer electrode (external electrode) 62, and the suction portion (insulator) 63 having a selected diameter size may be previously provided.
The
Specifically, in response to the expected large amount of the conductor abrasion powder, the sensitivity adjustment unit is selected to increase the creepage distance in which the abrasion powder is attracted between the
This makes it possible to reliably detect a failure of the speed reducer 2 without being affected by an increase in the amount of initial wear powder of the speed reducer 2.
Hereinafter, a sensor according to
Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a sensor according to the present embodiment, which is different from the above-described embodiments 3 and 4 with respect to the electrode. In fig. 10, an illustration thereof is omitted.
As shown in fig. 10, the
The
In the present embodiment, the sensitivity adjustment unit is provided with a 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and a 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62.
The surface-treated layer 61h is formed on the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 in this embodiment. The 2 nd electrode (external electrode) 62 of the present embodiment is formed with a surface treatment layer 62 h.
The surface-treated layers 61h and 62h are excellent in both slidability and non-tackiness, and have conductivity, low adhesion, smoothness and lubricity.
The surface-treated layers 61h and 62h can be formed by, for example, fluorine resin composite electroless nickel plating. The fluororesin may be polytetrafluoroethylene particles or the like.
With the surface treatment layers 61h, 62h, the following can be prevented: it is possible to reduce the amount of sludge that can adsorb the amount of wear powder on the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62 to adhere to the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61, the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62, and the detection surface 60a and reduce the amount of wear powder adsorbed between the 1 st electrode (inner electrode) 61 and the 2 nd electrode (outer electrode) 62.
This enables the detection sensitivity of the
When the surface-treated layers 61h and 62h are not provided, sludge generated from the lubricant may accumulate on the electrodes of the sensor to form an insulating film, which may cause malfunction. In contrast, in the present embodiment, by forming the surface-treated layers 61h and 62h, the accumulation of sludge is prevented by the improvement of the sliding property by the surface-treated layers 61h and 62h and the good flow of the lubricant caused by the improvement, and a stable failure prediction operation of the
Hereinafter, a sensor according to
Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating a sensor according to the present embodiment.
The
The
More specifically, the
In the illustrated embodiment, the
Output lines are connected to the
In the present embodiment, a plurality of detection cells are connected in parallel with each other, and a voltage from the same voltage source is applied between the
For example, the
Alternatively, the
As described above, the
Specifically, as described above, the
Thus, even if abrasion powder continues to accumulate and the
Therefore, even in a case where the decelerator 2 is continuously used even after the
Hereinafter, a sensor according to
Fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating a sensor according to the present embodiment.
The
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 12, a cover 66 covering the
The through hole 67 has an outer opening 67a on the side of the space S outside the cover 66 that is larger in diameter than an inner opening 67b on the side of the cover 66 facing the
Thus, even when the operation of the mechanism 1 and the reduction gear 2 is severe and the flow of the lubricant is severe, the
Further, the cover 66 may have an inner diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the
Further, according to the present embodiment, at the initial stage of operation of the speed reducer 2 with less wear powder, the cover 66 prevents a large amount of wear powder from being adsorbed to the
In the present invention, the respective configurations of the above embodiments can be appropriately combined and dealt with.
The sensitivity adjustment unit of the sensor according to the present invention may include a group of the insulators having different axial heights with respect to the opening of the outer electrode.
Thus, the detection sensitivity of the sensor can be set to a predetermined state in accordance with the amount of the assumed conductor abrasion powder generated by selecting from the insulators having a plurality of axial heights.
Specifically, in response to the assumed large amount of the conductor abrasion powder, the insulator having a high axial height is selected to increase the length of the abrasion powder absorbed between the electrodes, thereby setting the detection sensitivity of the sensor to a predetermined state. In addition, in response to the assumed case where the amount of the generated conductor abrasion powder is small, the axial height of the insulator is selected to be low or the insulator is coplanar with the electrodes, the length of the abrasion powder absorbed between the electrodes can be reduced, and the detection sensitivity of the sensor can be set to a predetermined state.
The sensitivity adjustment unit of the sensor according to the present invention may have a set of the insulator and the outer electrode corresponding to an outer diameter of the insulator, and the insulator may have a different radial thickness adjacent to the opening of the outer electrode with respect to an outer diameter of the inner electrode.
Thus, it is possible to select from insulators having a plurality of radial thicknesses, and to set the detection sensitivity of the sensor to a predetermined state in accordance with the amount of generation of the assumed conductor abrasion powder.
Specifically, in response to the assumed large amount of the conductor abrasion powder, the insulator having a large radial thickness is selected to increase the length of the abrasion powder absorbed between the electrodes, thereby setting the detection sensitivity of the sensor to a predetermined state. In addition, in response to the assumed case where the amount of the generated conductor abrasion powder is small, the insulator having a small radial thickness is selected, the length of the abrasion powder absorbed between the electrodes can be reduced, and the detection sensitivity of the sensor can be set to a predetermined state.
The outer electrode of the sensor of the present invention can have an open end coplanar with the inner electrode.
The sensitivity adjustment section of the sensor of the present invention may have a magnet provided in addition to the magnet.
In this case, it is also possible to select from a group of other magnets having a plurality of adsorption amounts, or to provide no other magnet.
Thus, by adsorbing the wear powder by another magnet in accordance with the assumed amount of the generated conductor wear powder, the amount of the wear powder adsorbed between the electrodes can be reduced, and the detection sensitivity of the sensor can be set to a predetermined state.
Specifically, in response to the assumed large amount of the conductor abrasion powder, the amount of the abrasion powder adsorbed between the electrodes can be reduced by selecting a strong magnetic force or a large magnet, and the detection sensitivity of the sensor can be set to a predetermined state. In addition, in accordance with the case where the amount of the conductor abrasion powder is supposed to be generated is small, another magnet having a weak or small magnetic force is selected, or another magnet is not provided, so that the amount of the abrasion powder adsorbed between the electrodes can be set to a predetermined amount, and the detection sensitivity of the sensor can be set to a predetermined state.
The sensitivity adjustment portion of the sensor of the present invention may have a surface treatment layer of the outer electrode and the inner electrode.
This can prevent the following: it is possible that sludge, which reduces the amount of wear powder that can be adsorbed, adheres to the adsorption surface of the electrodes, while the amount of wear powder that is adsorbed between the electrodes is reduced, not exhibiting the desired detection sensitivity.
Specifically, the surface treatment layer may have conductivity, low adhesion, smoothness, and lubricity.
The sensitivity adjustment section of the sensor according to the present invention may be a cover that covers at least one pair of electrodes and the adsorption section disposed between the pair of electrodes.