阅读说明：本技术 一种木材水分平衡方法 (Wood moisture balance method ) 是由 赵志强 于 2020-06-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种木材水分平衡方法,将木材真空干燥至木材水分含量不大于7％后,注蜡处理,注蜡后的木材进行水分注入至水分含量为16％～18％,再抽湿使木材的水分含量降低至7％～8％,经养生处理,即完成木材的水分平衡。本发明通过注蜡处理及水分控制,使木材能有效地达到水分平衡,减少了木制品出现质量问题的可能；所用试剂天然环保,避免了污染和异味。(The invention discloses a wood moisture balance method, which comprises the steps of drying wood in vacuum until the moisture content of the wood is not more than 7%, injecting wax, injecting moisture into the wax-injected wood until the moisture content is 16-18%, dehumidifying to reduce the moisture content of the wood to 7-8%, and curing to complete the moisture balance of the wood. The invention can effectively reach the moisture balance of the wood by wax injection treatment and moisture control, thereby reducing the possibility of quality problems of the wood products; the used reagent is natural and environment-friendly, and pollution and peculiar smell are avoided.)

1. A wood moisture balance method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

1) drying the wood in vacuum until the moisture content of the wood is not more than 7%;

2) immersing the wood subjected to vacuum drying treatment into biological wax for wax injection treatment, wherein the moisture content of the wood subjected to wax injection is 5-7%;

3) putting the wood subjected to wax injection into water at the temperature of 48-52 ℃ for water injection, wherein the humidity of the environment in the water injection process is 88-92%, and taking out the wood when the water content of the wood is 16-18%;

4) dehumidifying the wood with the moisture content of 16% -18% obtained in the step 3) in an environment with the temperature of 78-82 ℃ to enable the moisture content of the wood to reach 7% -8%.

2. The wood moisture balancing method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 1), the vacuum drying conditions are that the pressure is 0.02-0.04 MPa and the temperature is 145-155 ℃.

3. The wood moisture balancing method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 1), the vacuum drying time is 45-50 h.

4. The wood moisture balancing method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), the preparation method of the biological wax comprises the following steps: and (3) putting the honeycomb into water, wherein the material-liquid ratio is 1: 0.2-1, heating until the water is boiled, keeping the water temperature at 90-100 ℃, stirring for 6-8 h, carrying out solid-liquid separation, and solidifying the liquid part to obtain the biological wax.

5. The wood moisture balancing method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), the wax injection time is 60-128 h.

6. The wood moisture balancing method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 3), the water injection process is carried out in a water tank of the spray wet room, the water temperature in the water tank is 48-52 ℃, and the air humidity of the spray wet room is 88-92%.

7. The wood moisture balancing method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 3), the time for injecting the water is 48-58 h.

8. The wood moisture balancing method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 4), the dehumidifying time is 48-58 h.

9. The wood moisture balancing method according to claim 1, wherein: and 5) placing the dehumidified wood obtained in the step 4) in a natural environment for curing treatment.

10. The wood moisture balancing method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 5), the curing treatment time is 115-125 h.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of wood treatment, and particularly relates to a method for controlling wood moisture.

Background

After the woodwork preparation was accomplished, molding, material can not change again, and the key factor of deciding the internal quality of woodwork this moment is timber moisture content and drying stress mainly. Wherein, the moisture content of the wood refers to the percentage of the weight of moisture contained in the wood to the weight of the wood after the absolute drying. The moisture content of the wood in a certain air state and finally reaching a moisture stable state is called as the equilibrium moisture content of the wood, and is usually 7-8%. When the wood product reaches the equilibrium water content, the wood product is least easy to crack and deform, and is more suitable for further deep processing treatment.

Therefore, the manufacturing enterprises need to correctly grasp the moisture content of the wood products. If the moisture content control of woodwork is not good, the moisture content is too high or low, and timber all is in the unbalanced moisture state, appears quality problems such as fracture, deformation easily, brings inconvenience for the user, also causes the loss for the wood industry enterprise.

In the existing wood treatment process, in order to prevent the wood from being affected with damp and deformed, the wood is usually dried and wax-injected to isolate moisture in the air. However, during the processing, the moisture in the wood is discharged due to the penetration of the wax, and the moisture content of the wood is too low after the wood is dried and wax injection treatment. Therefore, although the wood treated by the existing method can isolate moisture in the air by injecting wax, the wood still has the problem of water imbalance, and the situation of moisture, deformation and the like can still occur after long-term use. Therefore, there is a need for further improvements to existing wood treatment processes.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a wood moisture balancing method.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a method of wood moisture equilibration, comprising:

1) drying the wood in vacuum until the moisture content of the wood is not more than 7%;

2) immersing the wood subjected to vacuum drying treatment into biological wax for wax injection treatment, wherein the moisture content of the wood subjected to wax injection is 5-7%;

3) putting the wood subjected to wax injection into water at the temperature of 48-52 ℃ for water injection, wherein the humidity of the environment in the water injection process is 88-92%, and taking out the wood when the water content of the wood is 16-18%;

4) dehumidifying the wood with the moisture content of 16% -18% obtained in the step 3) in an environment with the temperature of 78-82 ℃ to enable the moisture content of the wood to reach 7% -8%.

Because the moisture content in the natural environment is usually high, if the wood after wax injection is directly treated to the moisture content of 7-8%, the treated wood can still absorb moisture in the air all the time, and deformation, warping and the like are caused. Therefore, the moisture content of the wood is firstly improved and then reduced, the wood is adaptive under the condition of high moisture content and then reduced to 7-8%, and the wood is adaptive to the condition of high moisture content, so that the conditions of deformation, dampness, warping and the like are not easy to occur even in a natural environment with high humidity, the moisture content is not greatly increased, and the moisture balance of the wood is damaged.

In one embodiment: in the step 1), the vacuum drying conditions are that the pressure is 0.02-0.04 MPa and the temperature is 145-155 ℃.

In one embodiment: in the step 1), the vacuum drying time is 45-50 h.

In one embodiment: in the step 2), the preparation method of the biological wax comprises the following steps: and (3) putting the honeycomb into water, wherein the material-liquid ratio is 1: 0.2-1, heating until the water is boiled, keeping the water temperature at 90-100 ℃, stirring for 6-8 h, carrying out solid-liquid separation, and solidifying the liquid part to obtain the biological wax.

In one embodiment: in the step 2), the wax injection time is 60-128 h.

In one embodiment: in the step 3), the water injection process is carried out in a water tank of the spray wet room, the water temperature in the water tank is 48-52 ℃, and the air humidity of the spray wet room is 88-92%.

In one embodiment: in the step 3), the time for injecting the water is 48-58 h.

In one embodiment: in the step 4), the dehumidifying time is 48-58 h.

In one embodiment: and 5) placing the dehumidified wood obtained in the step 4) in a natural environment for curing treatment.

In one embodiment: in the step 5), the curing treatment time is 115-125 h.

The equipment, reagents, processes, parameters and the like related to the invention are conventional equipment, reagents, processes, parameters and the like except for special description, and no embodiment is needed.

All ranges recited herein include all point values within the range.

In the present invention,% is mass% and ratio is mass ratio unless otherwise specified.

In the invention, the "natural environment" is a conventional environment, the temperature can be 10-30 ℃ for example, and the humidity can be 30-80% for example.

Compared with the background technology, the technical scheme has the following advantages:

1. according to the invention, the wood is subjected to vacuum drying, the moisture in the wood fiber is discharged, then the biological wax is injected into the wood fiber, so that the biological wax completely fills the fiber of the wood, the moisture of the wood is further controlled, the wood is fully adapted under the condition of high moisture content, and the moisture content is reduced to 7-8%, so that the wood is adapted to the condition of high moisture content, even if the wood is subsequently placed in a natural environment with higher humidity, deformation, warping and the like are not easy to occur, the wax injection treatment can isolate the moisture in the air to a certain extent, the moisture absorption of the wood is avoided, the moisture content of the wood is not greatly increased, and the mildew and other conditions are further avoided. The invention can effectively reach the moisture balance of the wood by wax injection treatment and moisture control, and reduces the possibility of wood products having quality problems.

2. The biological wax prepared by taking the honeycomb as the raw material is adopted in the wax injection process, the main component is the beewax, the biological wax is natural and environment-friendly, and the pollution and the peculiar smell of the traditional process and reagents are avoided.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of the test in example 1. Wherein, a: 7 pieces of ebony wood filled with wax but not moisture controlled were tested before beginning. b: after the test, the boards which were wax-impregnated and not subjected to moisture control were deformed (indicated by the arrow) and the moisture was 4 to 5% lower than the acceptance value. c: 5 golden teak sheets injected with wax and subjected to moisture control were tested before the start of the test. d: after the test, the board injected with wax and subjected to moisture control has normal moisture and no deformation.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of the test in example 2. Wherein, a: the test panels, wax-impregnated and not moisture-controlled, were placed in a humid space. b: the test board injected with wax and not subjected to moisture control has no moisture-affected cracks and is complete, and as indicated by arrows in the figure, the wood-broken cracks are straight and complete, and the phenomenon of gluing and falling off exists. c: test panels without wax injection and without moisture control were placed in the wet space. d: the test panels without wax injection and without moisture control were broken and found to have damp mildew and rotten wood, as outlined in the figure.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of the test in example 3. Wherein, a: test material No. 2 was placed in the wet space. b: the test material No. 2 after the test showed slight deformation (indicated by the arrow). c: test material No. 1 was placed in the wet space. d: no deformation occurred in the test material No. 1 after the test.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of the test in example 4. Wherein, a: wax injection without starting the test and moisture control panels were performed. b: the boards after the test, which were wax-injected and moisture-controlled, were free from deformation. c: the wax-impregnated panels not initially tested were directly subjected to a high humidity treatment. d: after the test, the plate directly subjected to high-humidity treatment by wax injection is deformed (indicated by an arrow), and the thickness and the flatness are changed.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples:

the wood moisture balance method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

1) and (3) vacuum drying treatment: drying the wood in vacuum until the moisture content of the wood is not more than 7%; the specific process comprises the following steps:

1-1) putting the plate into a vacuum drier, and checking whether each valve is correctly opened and closed;

1-2) adjusting the vacuum gauge to the vacuum degree of 0.02-0.04 MPa;

1-3) adjusting the heating temperature to 150 ℃;

1-4) adding water into a vacuum pump water tank (adding an antifreeze in winter);

1-5) sealing the cover of the vacuum drier, and pressing a vacuum starting button;

1-6) vacuum drying for about 48 hours, and obtaining qualified wood with the moisture content of not more than 7% after dehydration and drying.

2) Wax injection and soaking: putting the wood subjected to vacuum drying treatment into a wax boiling pool, immersing the wood into biological wax, and injecting the wax for 60-128 hours, wherein the time for wood species with high density can be longer properly and the time for wood species with low density can be shorter properly according to different wood species, and the time for injecting the wax can be 60 hours, 65 hours, 70 hours, 80 hours, 90 hours, 100 hours, 110 hours, 120 hours, 125 hours, 128 hours and the like; the moisture content of the wood after wax injection is 5 to 7 percent; the wood is then subjected to a moisture control treatment.

The preparation method of the biological wax comprises the following steps: putting the honeycomb into water with a material-liquid ratio of 1: 0.2-1 (honeycomb volume: water volume, such as 1:0.2, 1:0.5, 1:0.8, 1:1, and the like), boiling with slow fire until the water is boiled, keeping the water temperature at 90-100 ℃, treating for 6-8 h, continuously stirring during the boiling, filtering to remove filter residues, and solidifying to obtain the biological wax.

3) Wood humidification is carried out in a spray wet room: putting the wood (with the moisture content of 5-7%) subjected to wax injection into a water tank of a spray wetting room, humidifying, wherein the air humidity of the spray wetting room is 90%, the temperature in the water tank is 50 ℃, and putting the wood into the water tank for 48-58 hours to perform moisture injection; taking out the wood when the moisture content of the wood is uniform and reaches 16% -18%;

4) and (3) dehumidifying the wood in a constant temperature room: stacking the wood with the moisture content of 16% -18% obtained in the step 3) in layers, putting the wood into a constant temperature room, and dehumidifying, wherein the temperature of the constant temperature room is set to be 80 ℃, and dehumidifying for 48-58 h to enable the moisture content of the wood to reach 7% -8%;

5) health preserving: after dehumidifying, taking out the wood, and placing the wood in a natural environment for 120 hours to complete the moisture balance of the wood.

Referring to the moisture-proof treatment method of the present example, moisture balance treatment was performed on various kinds of wood, and the results were compared with other treatment methods (no moisture control was performed by wax injection alone, the moisture content was increased to 7% to 8% directly in a high-humidity environment after wax injection, and the like), and are shown in experimental examples 1 to 4 and table 1.

As can be seen by combining experimental examples 1 to 4, table 1 and fig. 1 to 4, the moisture control of the present embodiment can effectively avoid occurrence of conditions such as wood deformation and moisture imbalance; the wax injection and the moisture control can jointly avoid the phenomena of wood wetting, rotten wood and the like; and the moisture injection parameters must be performed according to the scheme of the embodiment; in addition, if the wood is directly treated in a high-humidity environment until the moisture content is 7-8%, the wood still has deformation, warping and the like, and the moisture content of the wood needs to be increased and then reduced so as to prevent the deformation and the like.

Table 1 moisture balance test report

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and therefore should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.