阅读说明：本技术 一种基于3d打印的空间多层吸波结构的制备方法 (Preparation method of spatial multilayer wave-absorbing structure based on 3D printing ) 是由 李涤尘 张志坤 杨东 曹毅 尹义发 于 2020-07-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种基于3D打印的空间多层吸波结构的制备方法,先使用三维绘图软件绘制出多层吸波结构的三维模型,每层结构由多个结构单元组成,每个结构单元分为框架结构部分和吸波填料部分；将绘制好的三维模型导入到3D打印机中,得到用于3D打印的指令文件,然后由多喷头系统制备多层吸波结构；由主喷嘴打印框架结构部分,副喷嘴打印吸波填料部分；本发明提使用具有高含量吸波剂的复合材料制备填料部分,保证了整体结构的高吸波性能；同时使用高性能聚合物制备吸波结构框架,保证了整体结构的高力学强度。(A preparation method of a space multilayer wave-absorbing structure based on 3D printing comprises the steps of firstly using three-dimensional drawing software to draw a three-dimensional model of the multilayer wave-absorbing structure, wherein each layer of structure consists of a plurality of structural units, and each structural unit is divided into a frame structural part and a wave-absorbing filler part; importing the drawn three-dimensional model into a 3D printer to obtain an instruction file for 3D printing, and then preparing a multilayer wave-absorbing structure by a multi-nozzle system; printing a frame structure part by a main nozzle and printing a wave-absorbing filler part by an auxiliary nozzle; the invention uses the composite material with high content of wave-absorbing agent to prepare the filler part, thus ensuring the high wave-absorbing performance of the whole structure; meanwhile, the wave-absorbing structure frame is prepared by using the high-performance polymer, so that the high mechanical strength of the whole structure is ensured.)

1. A preparation method of a spatial multilayer wave-absorbing structure based on 3D printing is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) establishing a three-dimensional model of a multilayer wave-absorbing structure and generating a printing path: drawing a three-dimensional model of the multi-layer wave-absorbing structure by using three-dimensional drawing software; wherein each layer of structure consists of a plurality of structural units; each structural unit is divided into a frame structural part and a wave-absorbing filler part; importing the drawn three-dimensional model into a 3D printer, and setting process parameters such as printing speed and the like to obtain an instruction file for 3D printing;

2) the 3D printing process is used for preparing a multilayer wave-absorbing structure: preparing a multilayer wave-absorbing structure by using the 3D printing instruction file obtained in the step 1) through a multi-nozzle system; printing a frame structure part by a main nozzle and printing a wave-absorbing filler part by an auxiliary nozzle; the material of the frame structure part is high-performance polymer, and the material of the wave-absorbing filler part is a composite material of a wave-absorbing agent and a binder.

2. The preparation method of the spatial multilayer coating type wave-absorbing structure based on 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the structural units in the step 1) are one or more of triangular structural units, quadrilateral structural units, hexagonal structural units and grid structural units.

3. The preparation method of the spatial multilayer coating type wave-absorbing structure based on 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the frame structure part and the wave-absorbing filler part in the step 1) are tightly attached together, the frame structure part is arranged on the outer side, and the wave-absorbing filler part is arranged on the inner side; or the frame structure part is arranged at the inner side, and the wave-absorbing filler part is arranged at the outer side.

4. The preparation method of the spatial multilayer coating type wave-absorbing structure based on 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the polymer material in the step 2) is one or more of polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polylactic acid (PLA), Polyimide (PI) and nylon (PA) high-performance polymer materials.

5. The preparation method of the spatial multilayer coating type wave-absorbing structure based on 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the binder material in the step 2) is one or more of epoxy resin material, polyurethane material and amino resin material.

6. The preparation method of the spatial multilayer coating type wave-absorbing structure based on 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wave-absorbing functional filler in the step 2) is one or more of a metal material of carbonyl iron powder, a carbon material of graphene and carbon fiber, or a ceramic material of silicon carbide and silicon nitride.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing and wave-absorbing materials, in particular to a preparation method of a space multilayer wave-absorbing structure based on 3D printing.

Background

In recent years, with the development of science and technology, wave-absorbing materials play an increasingly important role in the field of electromagnetic shielding. According to the bearing capacity division, the wave-absorbing material can be divided into a coating type wave-absorbing material and a structural type wave-absorbing material. The coating type wave absorbing material is generally prepared by mixing a wave absorbing agent and a binder, and is coated on the surface to form a coating when in use. The coating type wave-absorbing material is convenient to use and has strong appearance adaptability, but the material is limited by the thickness of a coating, the effective absorption bandwidth is generally narrow, and the problems that the coating is easy to fall off, the mechanical bearing capacity is not provided and the like exist.

In order to solve the above problems, structural type wave-absorbing materials have received increasing attention in recent years. Generally, a wave absorbing agent is compounded with a matrix material to obtain a wave absorbing function composite material, and the structural wave absorbing material is prepared by combining a specific shape. Generally speaking, the structural wave-absorbing material not only has the advantages of high absorption performance, wide absorption frequency band and the like, but also has certain mechanical bearing capacity. However, in order to obtain a good absorption effect, a high content of wave absorber material is often required to be added to the base material, and the high content of wave absorber material may reduce the mechanical properties of the base material.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for preparing a space multilayer wave-absorbing structure based on 3D printing, wherein a multi-nozzle system is used for integrally preparing the wave-absorbing structure, a high-performance polymer is used for preparing a wave-absorbing structure frame, and a composite material containing a high-content wave-absorbing agent is used for preparing a wave-absorbing filler; the multi-layer wave-absorbing structure has high wave-absorbing effect and good mechanical bearing capacity.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a preparation method of a spatial multilayer wave-absorbing structure based on 3D printing comprises the following steps:

1) establishing a three-dimensional model of a multilayer wave-absorbing structure and generating a printing path: drawing a three-dimensional model of the multi-layer wave-absorbing structure by using three-dimensional drawing software; wherein each layer of structure consists of a plurality of structural units; each structural unit is divided into a frame structural part and a wave-absorbing filler part; importing the drawn three-dimensional model into a 3D printer, and setting process parameters such as printing speed and the like to obtain an instruction file for 3D printing;

2) the 3D printing process is used for preparing a multilayer wave-absorbing structure: preparing a multilayer wave-absorbing structure by using the 3D printing instruction file obtained in the step 1) through a multi-nozzle system; printing a frame structure part by a main nozzle and printing a wave-absorbing filler part by an auxiliary nozzle; the material of the frame structure part is high-performance polymer, and the material of the wave-absorbing filler part is a composite material of a wave-absorbing agent and a binder.

The structural units in the step 1) are one or more of triangular structural units, quadrilateral structural units, hexagonal structural units and grid structural units.

The frame structure part and the wave-absorbing filler part in the step 1) are tightly attached together, the frame structure part is arranged on the outer side, and the wave-absorbing filler part is arranged on the inner side; or the frame structure part is arranged at the inner side, and the wave-absorbing filler part is arranged at the outer side.

The high-performance polymer material in the step 2) is one or more of polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polylactic acid (PLA), Polyimide (PI), nylon (PA) and other high-performance polymer materials.

The binder material in the step 2) is one or more of epoxy resin material, polyurethane material and amino resin material.

The wave absorbing agent material in the step 2) is one or more of metal materials such as carbonyl iron powder and the like, carbon materials such as graphene and carbon fiber and the like, and ceramic materials such as silicon carbide and silicon nitride and the like.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention provides a preparation method of a space multilayer wave-absorbing structure based on 3D printing, which is characterized in that a filler part is prepared by using a composite material with high content of wave-absorbing agent, so that the high wave-absorbing performance of the whole structure is ensured; meanwhile, the wave-absorbing structure frame is prepared by using the high-performance polymer, so that the high mechanical strength of the whole structure is ensured; the integrated preparation of the whole structure is realized by using the multi-nozzle system, the manufacturing procedures are reduced, and the preparation efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the integrity of the wave-absorbing configuration is ensured, and the bonding strength of the frame part and the wave-absorbing filler part is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional model of a structural member in example 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional model of a structural member in example 2 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.