阅读说明：本技术 一种栽培袋的全自动化生产方法及其装备 (Full-automatic production method and equipment of cultivation bag ) 是由 杨有刚 吴正哲 侯明星 邱昕洋 党革荣 于 2020-07-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种栽培袋的全自动化生产装备,包括料仓、以体积定料的定料盒、送料系统、栽培袋截面形状过渡和成形系统、纵封系统、扭袋系统、铝钉扎口横封和切断系统。除给料仓上料外,生产过程全自动控制。不同大小的栽培袋所需的料量,由定料盒截面积,以及在控制系统作用下的送料长度确定。不同栽培袋截面尺寸,由与其相适应的栽培袋截面形状过渡筒和成形筒确定。扭袋系统扭转料袋的圈数,决定于袋中料的紧实需要。该装备不仅可以生产基质栽培袋,填补了自动化生产栽培袋的空白,还可以生产食用菌菌袋。与现有菌袋生产装备比较,在实现自动化的基础上,结构简单,成本低。(The invention discloses full-automatic production equipment for cultivation bags, which comprises a storage bin, a material fixing box for fixing materials according to volume, a feeding system, a cultivation bag section shape transition and forming system, a longitudinal sealing system, a bag twisting system and an aluminum nailing opening transverse sealing and cutting system. Except feeding in the feeding bin, the production process is controlled automatically. The material quantity required by the cultivation bags with different sizes is determined by the sectional area of the material fixing box and the feeding length under the action of the control system. The different cross-sectional sizes of the cultivation bags are determined by the transition cylinder and the forming cylinder which are matched with the cross-sectional shapes of the cultivation bags. The number of turns of twisting the material bag by the bag twisting system is determined by the need of compacting the material in the bag. The device can be used for producing the substrate cultivation bags, fills the blank of automatically producing the cultivation bags and can also be used for producing the edible fungus bags. Compared with the existing fungus bag production equipment, the automatic fungus bag production equipment has the advantages of simple structure and low cost on the basis of realizing automation.)

1. A full-automatic production method of cultivation bags is characterized in that the production process comprises the following steps:

1) preparation work: firstly, respectively hanging and tying 2 rolls of plastic films on a pair of film hangers (11), respectively pulling the plastic films from one end, and unfolding and properly tensioning the plastic films through a pair of film unfolding rollers (12); then, in order to obtain the required cross section shape of the cultivation bag, two films are forced to cover the surface of a forming cylinder (10) with the cross section shape of the cultivation bag which is matched with the shape of the concave cavity under the action of a concave cavity (21) formed by a pair of film forming rollers (13), redundant parts on two sides of the two films are oppositely overlapped together, and then the two films are heat-sealed under the action of a pair of heat sealing rollers (14) to form a film cylinder; thirdly, the sealing seams at the two sides of the film cylinder are properly pressed between a pair of seam pressing rollers (15) which are arranged behind the heat sealing rollers, so that the film is prevented from being destructively pulled to make a bag ineffective when the subsequent transverse sealing is carried out; fourthly, a pair of heat sealing rollers (14) are oppositely separated by a proper distance so as to avoid burning and sealing seams; finally, the transverse seal of the bottom of the first bag is manually sealed, thus forming a semi-finished product of bags, i.e. a half of plastic bag which is not filled;

2) automatic bag making: under the control of an automatic control system, in the first step, the stirred substrate material in the bin (6) falls into a material fixing box (8) with the volume corresponding to that of the cultivation bag; under the pushing of the feeding system (7), the materials in the material fixing box (8) are pushed into the semi-finished product of the bag-shaped object from one end of the material fixing box through the forming cylinder (10) with the cross section shape of the cultivation bag; when the materials touch the bottom of the bag-shaped objects, the materials drive the plastic films coated outside the materials to move forwards together under the thrust action of the materials, meanwhile, a pair of heat sealing rollers (14) press two side edges of the films, the heat sealing films are continuously rotated to form side seams, the materials and the plastic films coated outside the materials stop moving after the feeding device stops feeding, and then the heat sealing rollers (14) relatively leave a proper distance; finally forming a cultivation bag to be sealed;

secondly, in order to compact the materials, the cultivation bag to be sealed rotates around the central axis of the length direction of the cultivation bag in a bag twisting roller (17) to ensure that the film tube without the materials at the position close to a seam pressing roller (15) is twisted together until the materials in the bag are compact;

thirdly, starting an aluminum nail tying and cutting system (16) after the bag twisting is finished to form two aluminum nail seals, wherein the seal close to the seaming roller is the seal at the bottom end of the next cultivation bag and is prepared for the production of the next cultivation bag; the other seal is the seal of the finished cultivation bag; then, cutting off and splitting the bag between the two sealing aluminum nails;

the working steps are controlled by an automatic control system;

and continuously and circularly repeating the first to third work until the required number of cultivation bags are produced.

2. The full-automatic production method of the cultivation bags according to the claim 1, wherein the feeding system (7) is one of a screw nut driven push plate pushing mechanism or a screw feeding mechanism.

3. The method for the full-automatic production of cultivation bags according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum tacking and cutting system (16) is installed on the frame side by two conventional aluminum tacking machines, and a cutting knife is installed between the two tacking machines, and the cutting knife is any one of a mechanical scissors and a hot-melt shearing knife.

4. The method for fully automatically producing cultivation bags according to claim 1, wherein the control system is any one of conventional electric control, PLC control, microcomputer control and computer control.

5. The full-automatic production equipment for the cultivation bags comprises a motor (1), a rack (2), a feeding system belt transmission (3), a stirring and decelerating system (4), a stirring system (5), a storage bin (6), a feeding system (7), a material fixing box (8), a cultivation bag section shape transition cylinder (9), a cultivation bag section shape forming cylinder (10), a pair of film hangers (11), a pair of film spreading rollers (12), a pair of film forming rollers (13), a pair of heat sealing rollers (14), a pair of seam pressing rollers (15), an aluminum nail tying and cutting system (16), a bag twisting roller (17), a bag twisting transmission chain wheel system (18), a bag twisting transmission shaft (19), a bag twisting transmission belt wheel system (20) and an automatic control system (21), and is characterized in that the lower side of the storage bin (6) is fixedly connected with the material fixing box (8), and the right end of the stirring system (5) is provided with the bag twisting transmission belt wheel system (20), A bag twisting transmission shaft (19) and a bag twisting transmission chain wheel system (18) drive a bag twisting roller (17) to rotate along the axis of the bag twisting roller to twist the bag, a pair of film hangers (11), a pair of film spreading rollers (12), a pair of film forming rollers (13), a pair of heat sealing rollers (14) and a pair of seam pressing rollers (15) are symmetrically arranged on the machine frame (2) at two sides of the forming cylinder (10) of the cross-sectional shape of the cultivation bag in sequence, the aluminum nail tying and cutting system (16) is arranged, and a cutting knife is arranged between the front and the rear tying devices;

a concave cavity is arranged in the roller bodies of the film forming rollers (13);

the heat-seal roller (14), a driving chain wheel of the bag twisting transmission chain wheel system (18) and a driven belt wheel of the feeding system belt transmission (3) are all provided with electromagnetic friction clutches, an aluminum nailing and cutting system (16) and electromagnetic push rods, so that the automatic control system (21) can control respective stop, rotation, opening and closing;

the volume of the material fixing box (8) is adapted to the maximum material consumption of the cultivation bag, and when the cultivation bag is small and the material consumption is small, the material supply amount is controlled through an automatic control system (21);

the aluminum spike tying and cutting system (16) ties two aluminum spikes along the longitudinal direction of the bag at a time, and cuts between the two aluminum spikes.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanized production of soilless culture bags, in particular to a full-automatic production method and equipment of a culture bag.

Background

At present, no practical automatic production and filling equipment for the substrate cultivation bag for soilless culture exists in the market. Similar to the present invention, the present invention mainly relates to a machine for producing edible fungus sticks, but the prior art mainly provides a filling machine on the bag premise, i.e., a filling machine for filling a substrate into a pre-made plastic bag, rather than a packaging machine for directly packaging the substrate with a film. Such machines are largely classified into 2 types: one type has simple structure, but needs at least 3 manual interventions, and the other type has complex structure, higher automation degree and higher cost. The related technologies are as follows: CN110239781A, CN208175598U, CN108419613A, CN208490435U, CN206288311U, CN108082580A, CN108370850A, CN206283906U, CN201811158173.0, CN201810496893.1, CN209047150U, CN201720687045, CN201611195092.9, etc. The full-automatic equipment with simple structure and low cost is not reported.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems and defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a full-automatic production method of cultivation bags, which has the advantages of high automation degree, simple equipment structure, low production cost and convenience in popularization and application.

The technical scheme adopted for realizing the aim of the invention is a full-automatic production method of the cultivation bag, which comprises the following steps:

1) preparation work: firstly, respectively hanging and connecting two rolls of plastic films on a pair of film hanging frames, respectively pulling the plastic films from one end, unfolding the plastic films through a pair of film unfolding rollers and properly tensioning the plastic films; then, in order to obtain the required cross section shape of the cultivation bag, the two films are forced to cover the surface of the forming cylinder of the cross section shape of the cultivation bag corresponding to the shape of the concave cavity under the action of the concave cavity formed by the pair of film forming rollers, the redundant parts at the two sides of the two films are oppositely overlapped together, and then are heat sealed under the action of the pair of heat sealing rollers to form a film cylinder; thirdly, the sealing seams at the two sides of the film cylinder are properly pressed between a pair of seam pressing rollers following the heat sealing rollers, so that the film is prevented from being destructively pulled to cause bag making failure during subsequent transverse sealing; fourthly, the pair of heat sealing rollers are relatively separated by a proper distance so as to avoid burning and damaging the sealing seams; finally, the transverse seal of the bottom of the first bag is manually sealed, thus forming a semi-finished product of bags, i.e. a half of plastic bag which is not filled;

2) automatic bag making: under the control of an automatic control system, firstly, the stirred substrate material in a storage bin falls into a material fixing box with the volume corresponding to that of the cultivation bag; under the pushing of the feeding system, the materials in the material fixing box are pushed into the semi-finished product of the bag-shaped object from one end of the material fixing box through the forming cylinder with the cross section shape of the cultivation bag; when the materials touch the bottom of the bag-shaped objects, the materials drive the plastic films coated outside the materials to move forwards together under the thrust action of the materials, meanwhile, a pair of heat sealing rollers press two side edges of the films, the heat sealing films are continuously rotated to form side seams, the materials and the plastic films coated outside the materials stop moving after the feeding device stops feeding, and then the heat sealing rollers relatively leave a proper distance; finally forming a cultivation bag to be sealed;

secondly, in order to compact the materials, the cultivation bag to be sealed is put in a bag twisting roller and rotates around the central shaft in the length direction of the cultivation bag, and the film tube without the materials at the position close to the stitching roller is twisted together until the materials in the bag are compact;

thirdly, starting an aluminum nail tying and cutting system after the bag twisting is finished to form two aluminum nail seals, wherein the seal close to the seaming roller is the seal at the bottom end of the next cultivation bag and is prepared for the production of the next cultivation bag; the other seal is the seal of the finished cultivation bag; then, cutting off and splitting the bag between the two sealing aluminum nails;

the working steps are controlled by an automatic control system;

and continuously and circularly repeating the first to third work until the required number of cultivation bags are produced.

The feeding system is one of a pushing mechanism or a spiral feeding mechanism which is driven by a screw and a nut to push a push plate.

The aluminum nailing and cutting system is characterized in that two conventional aluminum nailing machines are arranged on a rack side by side, and a cutting knife is arranged between the two tying machines, wherein the cutting knife is any one of a mechanical type scissors and a hot melting type shearing knife.

The control system is any one of conventional electric control, PLC control, microcomputer control and computer control.

The plastic film can also be paper or other packaging materials.

The heat-sealing roller and the heat-sealing method can also be other sealing devices and sealing methods.

The invention also aims to provide full-automatic production equipment for the cultivation bags, which comprises a motor, a rack, a feeding system belt transmission system, a stirring and decelerating system, a stirring system, a storage bin, a feeding system, a material fixing box, a cultivation bag section shape transition cylinder, a cultivation bag section shape forming cylinder, a pair of film hangers, a pair of film spreading rollers, a pair of film forming rollers, a pair of heat sealing rollers, a pair of seam pressing rollers, an aluminum nailing opening and cutting system, a bag twisting roller, a bag twisting transmission chain wheel system, a bag twisting transmission shaft, a bag twisting transmission belt wheel system and an automatic control system, wherein the lower side of the storage bin is fixedly connected with the material fixing box, the right end of the stirring system drives the bag twisting roller to rotate a twisting bag along the axis of the bag twisting roller through the bag twisting transmission belt wheel system, the bag twisting transmission shaft and the bag twisting transmission chain wheel system, and the racks on two sides of the cultivation bag section shape forming cylinder are, The aluminum nail tying and cutting system is characterized by comprising a pair of film spreading rollers, a pair of film forming rollers, a pair of heat sealing rollers and a pair of seam pressing rollers, wherein a cutting knife is arranged between a front tying device and a rear tying device;

a concave cavity is arranged in the pair of film forming roller bodies;

the heat sealing roller, the driving chain wheel of the bag twisting transmission chain wheel system and the driven belt wheel of the belt transmission of the feeding system are all provided with electromagnetic friction clutches, an aluminum nail tying and cutting system and electromagnetic push rods, so that the control system can control the respective stop, rotation, opening and closing;

the volume of the material fixing box is adapted to the material consumption of the maximum cultivation bag, and when the cultivation bag is small and the material consumption is reduced, the material supply amount is controlled through the control system.

The aluminum nail tying and cutting system ties two aluminum nails along the longitudinal direction of the bag each time and cuts off the aluminum nails.

According to the requirements of different section shapes and sizes of the bags, the section size of the small end of the conical cylinder (or the rectangular pyramid type cylinder) is the same as that of the bag; the section size of the cylindrical barrel (or the quadrangular barrel) behind the bag is also the same as that of the bag; the concave cavity between the two large film laying rollers has the same axial section size as the bag. The film pressing wheel behind the heat-sealing roller aims at preventing the film from being torn off when a bag twisting system at the back works so as to ensure the reliability of the next bag in heat sealing, and the bag twisting cylinder further enables the material bag to be compact. The charge is determined by the diameter of the small end of the conical cylinder (rectangular pyramid cylinder if the substrate bag is rectangular, with two side lengths for the small end) and the length of the push.

The full-automatic production method of the cultivation bag has the advantages of high automation degree, simple equipment structure, low production cost and convenience in popularization and application.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a full-automatic manufacturing apparatus for cultivation bags according to the present invention.

Reference numerals:

the device comprises a motor 1, a rack 2, a feeding system belt transmission 3, a stirring speed reduction system 4, a stirring system 5, a storage bin 6, a feeding system 7, a material fixing box 8, a cultivation bag section shape transition cylinder 9, a cultivation bag section shape forming cylinder 10, a pair of film hangers 11, a pair of film spreading rollers 12, a pair of film forming rollers 13, a pair of heat sealing rollers 14, a pair of seam pressing rollers 15, an aluminum nailing opening and cutting system 16, a bag twisting roller 17, a bag twisting transmission chain wheel system 18, a bag twisting transmission shaft 19, a bag twisting transmission belt wheel system 20 and an automatic control system 21.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the following further describes the beneficial effects of the full-automatic production method of the cultivation bag and the equipment thereof in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments given by the inventor.