阅读说明：本技术 一种布料的染色工艺 (Dyeing process of cloth ) 是由 田鑫根 唐剑 宋欢笑 于 2020-07-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种布料的染色工艺,涉及印染技术领域,包括以下步骤：S1：坯布前处理,采用前处理液对坯布进行前处理；S2：坯布染色；S3：坯布后整理；S4：坯布烘干；所述步骤S1中前处理过程采用的前处理液包含以下重量份的组分：混合碱20～30份；缓释稳定剂10～20份；消泡剂10～30份；水100～160份。本发明具有提高布料染色前处理时的效率和前处理的布料质量以及降低工艺能耗的优点。(The invention discloses a dyeing process of cloth, which relates to the technical field of printing and dyeing and comprises the following steps: s1: pretreating the gray fabric, namely pretreating the gray fabric by adopting pretreatment liquid; s2: dyeing grey cloth; s3: finishing the grey cloth; s4: drying the grey cloth; the pretreatment liquid adopted in the pretreatment process in the step S1 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of mixed alkali; 10-20 parts of a slow release stabilizer; 10-30 parts of a defoaming agent; 100-160 parts of water. The invention has the advantages of improving the efficiency of the cloth dyeing pretreatment and the cloth quality of the pretreatment and reducing the process energy consumption.)

1. A dyeing process of cloth is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: pretreating the gray fabric, namely pretreating the gray fabric by adopting pretreatment liquid;

s2: dyeing grey cloth;

s3: finishing the grey cloth;

s4: drying the grey cloth;

the pretreatment liquid adopted in the pretreatment process in the step S1 comprises the following components in parts by weight:

2. the dyeing process of cloth according to claim 1, characterized in that said mixed alkali comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

3. the dyeing process of cloth according to claim 1, characterized in that the defoaming agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

20-40% of tributyl phosphate;

30-40% of dialkyl polysiloxane;

and 20-40% of n-butyl alcohol.

4. The dyeing process of cloth according to claim 1, wherein the slow release stabilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

5. the dyeing process of cloth according to claim 4, characterized in that sodium percarbonate is also added to the slow release stabilizer, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

6. the dyeing process of cloth according to claim 5, wherein the preparation process of the slow-release stabilizer comprises the following steps:

step a: firstly, uniformly stirring and mixing polydimethylsiloxane, polyvinyl alcohol and ethanol in proportion to obtain a mixture A;

step b: then adding the sodium chloride solid into the mixture A and uniformly stirring to obtain a solid B adhered with the mixture A;

step c: drying the solid B and evaporating ethanol to obtain the slow-release stabilizer.

7. The cloth dyeing process according to claim 1, wherein in the pretreatment process of step S3, micro-nano bubbles are continuously introduced into the pretreatment liquid.

8. The cloth dyeing process according to claim 7, wherein the particle size of the micro-nano bubbles is controlled to be 0.1-100 μm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of dyeing and finishing, in particular to a dyeing process of cloth.

Background

The cloth printing and dyeing industry is an important industry in China, and along with the development of the industry in China, the printing and dyeing industry is greatly improved in the aspects of quality, variety, benefit and the like. Dyeing refers to the coloring of a substance by chemically or otherwise affecting the substance itself. The pretreatment of the cloth belongs to a more critical step in the printing and dyeing process. The purpose of the cloth pretreatment is mainly to remove impurities on the grey cloth, such as slurry, chemical fiber oil and the like in the spinning process, and if the impurities are not removed, the subsequent dyeing can cause serious quality problems.

The Chinese patent with publication number CN109281199A discloses a dyeing method of a knitted stretch fabric made of rayon, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of pretreatment, presetting, dyeing, soaping, dewatering, drying, scutching and setting to obtain dyed elastic knitted rayon fabric, wherein in the pretreatment process, 2-5g/L of degreasing agent, 7-11g/L of soda and 4-8g/L of hydrogen peroxide are added for pretreatment.

In the related technology of printing and dyeing, the raw materials used in the pretreatment process in the dyeing process are mainly soda ash and hydrogen peroxide, the effect of bleaching hydrogen peroxide is mainly achieved, and soda ash and degreasing agent are mainly used for removing impurities such as oil agents on cloth, but the pretreatment liquid in the invention needs to be treated at a high temperature close to 100 ℃, so that the energy consumption generated by treatment is large and the treatment efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems of low pretreatment efficiency and high energy consumption of the dyeing process in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a dyeing process for cloth, which has the advantages of reducing the energy consumption of the dyeing process and improving the pretreatment efficiency.

A dyeing process of cloth comprises the following steps:

s1: pretreating the gray fabric, namely pretreating the gray fabric by adopting pretreatment liquid;

s2: dyeing grey cloth;

s3: finishing the grey cloth;

s4: drying the grey cloth;

the pretreatment liquid adopted in the pretreatment process in the step S1 comprises the following components in parts by weight:

by adopting the technical scheme, the mixed alkali contains a large amount of hydroxide ions, so that the pH value of the pretreatment liquid is alkaline, and under the alkaline condition, impurities such as oil solution, sizing agent and the like on the grey cloth are more easily decomposed, and thus the removal is accelerated. The mixed alkali also contains a large amount of compounded surfactant components, and the surfactant can play a role in emulsifying and dispersing impurity components such as oil solution, slurry and the like on cloth, so that the impurities can be removed more quickly under the combined action of the surfactant and an alkaline condition. The slow release stabilizer is added into the pretreatment liquid, the slow release stabilizer mainly plays a role in stabilizing the compound stability of various components in the pretreatment liquid, and the surfactant in the mixed alkali has a certain foaming effect, so that the pretreatment liquid can generate a certain amount of bubbles. The generation and the residue of the bubbles can cause the pretreatment liquid to generate certain non-uniformity influence on the treatment of the cloth, and especially, the components permeating into the cloth can cause the dyeing color difference to be obvious when the cloth is dyed without thorough cleaning treatment. The components in the slow-release stabilizer can reduce the generation of bubbles in the pretreatment liquid, so that the influence of the bubbles on the cloth is weakened. And meanwhile, the defoaming agent component is added, so that even if foam is generated in the pretreatment liquid in the treatment process, the foam can be removed within a certain time, and the influence of the pretreatment process of the cloth on the dyeing of the cloth is minimized.

Further, the mixed alkali comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

by adopting the technical scheme, the mixed alkali is compounded by adopting the sodium hydroxide and the surfactant, so that the using amount of the sodium hydroxide is reduced, and the adverse effect caused by the breakage of ester bonds in the fabric fibers due to over-strong alkalinity is avoided. And substances such as impurity oiling agents and the like on the cloth fibers are emulsified and dispersed by two mixed surfactants of sodium dodecyl sulfate and alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate, so that the separation of impurities from the cloth is accelerated, the treatment effect of the composite alkaline agent on the cloth is not much different from the effect of using sodium hydroxide alone, and the effect of removing the impurities by pretreatment can be better.

Although the foam has great influence on the uniformity of dyeing of the cloth, the bubbles can play a role in stirring and dispersing various surfactants and other effective components in the pretreatment liquid in the process of floating, so that the pretreatment liquid can reach uniform degree quickly, the efficiency of pretreatment is obviously improved, meanwhile, the treatment concentration of the auxiliary agents at all positions of the cloth is more uniform, the treatment uniformity degree of the cloth can be improved, and the dyeing uniformity degree of the cloth is improved.

The anionic sulfonic group in the linear alkyl benzene sodium sulfonate and the alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate and the quaternary ammonium group in the dodecyl dimethyl ammonium oxide have electrostatic attraction, so that the electrostatic repulsion between molecular polar heads is reduced, the critical micelle concentration is reduced, the compounding effect is obvious, and the performance of the generated foam is improved compared with the performance of single use.

Further, the defoaming agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

20-40% of tributyl phosphate;

30-40% of dialkyl polysiloxane;

and 20-40% of n-butyl alcohol.

By adopting the technical scheme, tributyl phosphate and dialkyl siloxane are dissolved in n-butyl alcohol to form the water-soluble compound defoaming agent, and after the defoaming agent is added into the pretreatment liquid, the surface tension of foam generated in the solution can be reduced by the butyl phosphate and the dialkyl polysiloxane, so that the foam film is gradually reduced, and the effect of eliminating the foam is finally achieved.

Further, the slow-release stabilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

by adopting the technical scheme, the polydimethylsiloxane is the main component of the slow-release stabilizer, and the polyvinyl alcohol is used for increasing the viscosity of the polydimethylsiloxane, so that the mixture of the polydimethylsiloxane and the polyvinyl alcohol is solid at normal temperature. Ethanol is used as a solvent for dissolving polydimethylsiloxane and polyvinyl alcohol, and sodium chloride solid is used as a framework material and plays a role in supporting the polydimethylsiloxane and the polyvinyl alcohol. After the slow release stabilizer composed of the raw materials is added into the pretreatment liquid, polydimethylsiloxane is gradually released along with the dissolution of polyvinyl alcohol, and the polydimethylsiloxane is an effective defoaming component, so that residual foam in the pretreatment liquid is eliminated, and the problems of dyeing color difference and the like caused by the influence of the residual foam on the subsequent printing and dyeing treatment of cloth are avoided.

The sodium chloride solid is used as a framework, and when the slow release stabilizer is completely dissolved in the pretreatment liquid, the sodium chloride can be dissolved in the pretreatment liquid, so that the concentration of the sodium chloride in the pretreatment liquid is improved, active groups in the surfactant can be shielded by sodium ions, and for anionic surfactants of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate and fatty alcohol phosphate, the foaming effect of the anionic surfactants is inhibited due to shielding, the foaming capacity is reduced, and the anionic surfactants mainly exist as an emulsifier. And for dodecyl dimethyl ammonium oxide, because it is zwitterion, when the sodium ion shields the electric charge of the polar group in the surfactant, the opposite ion can be supplemented, the shielding effect of the sodium ion is not obvious, and dodecyl dimethyl ammonium oxide can still play a good foaming role, so that the comprehensive performance of foaming can be adjusted by adjusting the addition amount of the sodium ion to adapt to different pretreatment conditions.

Further, sodium percarbonate is also added into the slow-release stabilizer, and the slow-release stabilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

by adopting the technical scheme, the sodium percarbonate and the components in the sustained-release stabilizer are firstly mixed into the sustained-release stabilizer particles, then the sustained-release stabilizer particles are dissolved in the pretreatment liquid before being put into, the sodium percarbonate can be decomposed to generate oxygen after encountering water in the solution, so that each sustained-release stabilizer particle can generate a certain amount of oxygen bubbles, the oxygen bubbles can generate a certain mechanical pushing effect on the sustained-release stabilizer particles, the sustained-release stabilizer is more uniform in the solution in a dispersing way, and the effective components in the sustained-release stabilizer are more uniform in the pretreatment liquid. Meanwhile, oxygen generated after the sodium percarbonate is decomposed has a certain oxygen bleaching effect on the cloth, so that the whiteness of the cloth is further improved, and the pretreatment effect is improved.

Further, the preparation process of the sustained-release stabilizer comprises the following steps:

step a: firstly, uniformly stirring and mixing polydimethylsiloxane, polyvinyl alcohol and ethanol in proportion to obtain a mixture A;

step b: then adding the sodium chloride solid into the mixture A and uniformly stirring to obtain a solid B adhered with the mixture A;

step c: drying the solid B and evaporating ethanol to obtain the slow-release stabilizer.

By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the advantages that,

further, in the pretreatment process of step S3, micro-nano bubbles are continuously introduced into the pretreatment liquid.

By adopting the technical scheme, the micro-nano bubbles have the properties of large specific surface area, long retention time, high mass transfer efficiency and the like. After the micro-nano bubbles are introduced into the pretreatment liquid, the bubbles can check various active ingredients in the pretreatment liquid in the process of floating the micro-nano bubbles, so that the mass transfer efficiency of gas and liquid can be effectively improved. In addition, the micro bubbles promote the foaming action of the foaming agent in the rising process, and promote the formation of foam. When the micro-bubbles are broken, the gas-liquid interface is violently changed, and the chemical energy accumulated by high-concentration ions can be quickly released, so that a large amount of hydroxyl radicals are generated by excitation, and the large amount of hydroxyl radicals have certain oxidizing capability, so that the cloth can be bleached.

Further, the particle size of the micro-nano bubbles is controlled to be 0.1-100 mu m.

In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

firstly, because the invention adopts the pre-treatment liquid obtained by compounding, and because the mixed alkali liquor is adopted in the pre-treatment liquid, better effects of removing oil and impurities are obtained.

Secondly, the slow release stabilizer and the defoaming agent are preferably adopted in the invention, and due to the stabilizing and defoaming effects of the slow release stabilizer and the defoaming agent on the pretreatment liquid, the dyeing uniformity in the dyeing process is improved.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.