阅读说明：本技术 成型品及成型品的制造方法 (Molded article and method for producing molded article ) 是由 藤冈圣 筱原光太郎 本间雅登 于 2019-03-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供刚性及轻量性优异且具备防液性的成型品、以及成型品的制造方法。本发明的成型品,其是在具有沿厚度方向连续的空隙的连续多孔质体上形成具有固体状添加剂和树脂的薄膜层而成的成型品,水从前述成型品的形成有前述薄膜层的面的渗透度为10％以下。(The invention provides a molded article having excellent rigidity and lightweight properties and liquid repellency, and a method for producing the molded article. The molded article of the present invention is a molded article obtained by forming a film layer containing a solid additive and a resin on a continuous porous body having a void continuous in the thickness direction, wherein the degree of water permeation from the surface of the molded article on which the film layer is formed is 10% or less.)

1. A molded article comprising a continuous porous body having voids continuous in the thickness direction and a thin film layer comprising a solid additive and a resin formed thereon,

the degree of water permeation from the surface on which the film layer is formed is 10% or less.

2. A molded article comprising a continuous porous body having voids continuous in the thickness direction and a thin film layer comprising a solid additive and a resin formed thereon,

the degree of penetration of a solution having a contact angle of 60 DEG or less on a glass substrate measured according to JIS R3257(1999) from the surface on which the thin film layer is formed is 30% or less.

3. The molded article according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the film layer penetrates into a void of the continuous porous body.

4. The molded article according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least a part of the solid additive is present in voids of the continuous porous body.

5. The molded article according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the film layer has a thickness of 500 μm or less.

6. The molded article according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the density of the film layer is 2.5g/cm³The following.

7. The molded article according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the solid additive has a maximum dimension of 200 μm or less.

8. The molded article according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the solid additive is a hollow structure.

9. The molded article according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the resin constituting the film layer is a thermosetting resin.

10. The molded article according to claim 9, wherein the viscosity of the thermosetting resin at 23 ℃ is 1 x 10¹～1×10⁴Pa·s。

11. The molded article according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the viscosity of the thermosetting resin when heated at 50 ℃ for 30 minutes is 1 x 10⁴Pa · s or more.

12. A process for producing a molded article according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein,

after a resin mixture of the solid additive and the resin is applied to the continuous porous body, the resin mixture is heated to form a thin film layer.

13. The method for producing a molded article according to claim 12, wherein the film layer is composed of 2 or more layers.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a molded article having excellent liquid repellency and a method for producing the molded article.

Background

In recent years, market demand for weight reduction of industrial products such as automobiles, aircrafts, and sporting goods has been increasing year by year. In order to meet such a demand, fiber-reinforced composite materials that are lightweight and have excellent mechanical properties are widely used in various industrial applications. In particular, for the purpose of further reducing the weight, a structure having excellent mechanical properties, which is composed of a resin, reinforcing fibers, and voids, has been proposed (for example, see patent document 1).

In some cases, a decorative layer is required to be provided on a product using a fiber-reinforced composite material for the purpose of imparting design properties (see, for example, patent document 2). In the case where the fiber-reinforced composite material having the voids continuous in the thickness direction is used for products used outdoors or the like, if a liquid penetrates into the interior through the voids, problems such as an increase in mass occur, and thus it is necessary to impart liquid repellency. For example, an olefin resin laminate sheet is disclosed in which a non-foamable olefin resin layer is laminated and integrated on an open-cell olefin resin layer having voids (see, for example, patent document 3). Further, a technique of providing a skin material on the surface of a continuous porous body has been proposed (for example, see patent document 4).

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

However, the non-foamable olefin resin layer of patent document 3 and the skin layer of patent document 4 are not considered to be liquid repellent. Further, a production method of forming a skin layer on a material in an unfoamed state is limited and complicated.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a molded article having excellent rigidity and lightweight properties and liquid repellency, and a method for producing the molded article.

Means for solving the problems

The present invention relates to a molded article obtained by forming a film layer containing a solid additive and a resin on a continuous porous body having voids continuous in the thickness direction, wherein the degree of water permeation from the surface on which the film layer is formed is 10% or less.

The present invention also relates to a molded article obtained by forming a thin film layer containing a solid additive and a resin on a continuous porous body having voids continuous in the thickness direction, wherein the degree of penetration of a solution having a contact angle of 60 ° or less on a glass substrate from the surface on which the thin film layer is formed, measured according to JIS R3257(1999), is 30% or less.

A method for producing a molded article according to the present invention is the method for producing a molded article according to any one of the above methods, wherein a resin mixture of the solid additive and the resin is applied to the continuous porous body and then heated to form a thin film layer.

Effects of the invention

According to the molded article and the method for producing a molded article according to the present invention, a molded article having excellent rigidity and lightweight properties and liquid repellency can be easily obtained.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a state of dispersion of reinforcing fibers in a reinforcing fiber mat according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing an example of the apparatus for producing a reinforcing fiber mat according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a diagram for explaining the production of a continuous porous body according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating a continuous porous body having a hemispherical shape according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The molded article and the method for producing the molded article according to the present invention will be described below.

The molded article according to embodiment 1 of the present invention is a molded article in which a thin film layer containing a solid additive and a resin is formed on a continuous porous body having voids that are continuous in the thickness direction, and the degree of water permeation from the surface of the molded article on which the thin film layer is formed is 10% or less.

(continuous porous Material)

In the molded article of the present invention, the continuous porous body has reinforcing fibers, a matrix resin, and voids.

In the continuous porous body of the present invention, examples of the reinforcing fibers include: metal fibers such as aluminum, brass, stainless steel, etc.; insulating fibers such as PAN-based, rayon-based, lignin-based, pitch-based carbon fibers, graphite fibers, and glass; organic fibers such as aramid, PBO, polyphenylene sulfide, polyester, acrylic, nylon, and polyethylene; inorganic fibers such as silicon carbide and silicon nitride. Further, these fibers may be subjected to surface treatment. As the surface treatment, in addition to the adhesion treatment of the metal as the conductor, there are a treatment with a coupling agent, a treatment with a sizing agent, an adhesion treatment of an additive, and the like. These fibers may be used alone in 1 kind, or may be used in combination in 2 or more kinds. Among them, from the viewpoint of weight reduction effect, it is desirable to use PAN-based, pitch-based, rayon-based, and other carbon fibers having excellent specific strength and specific stiffness. In addition, it is desirable to use glass fibers from the viewpoint of improving the economy of the obtained continuous porous body, and in particular, it is preferable to use carbon fibers and glass fibers in combination from the viewpoint of balance between mechanical properties and economy. Further, it is desirable to use aramid fibers from the viewpoint of improving the impact absorbability and the shape-imparting property of the obtained continuous porous body, and particularly, carbon fibers and aramid fibers are preferably used in combination from the viewpoint of balance between the mechanical properties and the impact absorbability. In addition, from the viewpoint of improving the conductivity of the obtained continuous porous body (a), metal fibers made of a metal having conductivity, or reinforcing fibers coated with a metal such as nickel, copper, ytterbium, or the like may be used. Among them, it is more desirable to use a reinforcing fiber selected from the group consisting of metal fibers, pitch-based carbon fibers, and PAN-based carbon fibers, which are excellent in mechanical properties such as strength and elastic modulus.

The reinforcing fibers are preferably discontinuously and randomly dispersed in the continuous porous body. Further, it is more preferable that the dispersed state is substantially monofilament-like. By forming the reinforcing fibers in such a form, the reinforcing fibers can be easily formed into a complicated shape when an external force is applied to the precursor of the sheet-like continuous porous body to mold the same. In addition, by adopting such a form for the reinforcing fibers, the voids formed by the reinforcing fibers are densified, and the weak portions at the fiber bundle ends of the reinforcing fibers in the continuous porous body can be minimized, so that excellent reinforcing efficiency and reliability are provided, and isotropy is also provided. In addition, the shape of the continuous porous body is not limited to a flat plate, and a flat plate can be easily molded even in a complicated shape such as a hemispherical shape or a concave-convex shape, and can maintain rigidity.

Here, the substantially monofilament-like shape means that a bundle of fine fibers having less than 500 reinforcing fiber strands is present. It is further desirable to be monofilament-like, i.e., dispersed in the form of a single yarn.

Here, the term "substantially monofilament-like or monofilament-like dispersion" means that the ratio of single fibers having a two-dimensional orientation angle of 1 ° or more (hereinafter also referred to as a fiber dispersion ratio) to the reinforcing fibers arbitrarily selected from the continuous porous body is 80% or more, in other words, it means that a bundle in which 2 or more single fibers are in contact with each other and parallel in the continuous porous body is less than 20%. Therefore, in particular, a reinforcing fiber in which the mass fraction of a fiber bundle having at least 100 filaments in the reinforcing fiber corresponds to 100% is preferable.

Further, it is particularly preferable that the reinforcing fibers are randomly dispersed. Here, the reinforcing fibers are randomly dispersed, which means that the arithmetic average of the two-dimensional orientation angles of the reinforcing fibers arbitrarily selected from the continuous porous bodies is in the range of 30 ° or more and 60 ° or less. Such a two-dimensional orientation angle is an angle formed by a single fiber of the reinforcing fiber and a single fiber intersecting the single fiber, and is defined as an angle on the acute angle side in a range of 0 ° to 90 ° in an angle formed by the intersecting single fibers.

The two-dimensional orientation angle is further explained using the drawings. In fig. 1(a) and (b), the single fiber 1a intersects with other single fibers 1b to 1f with the single fiber 1a as a reference. Here, the crossing refers to a state in which a single fiber serving as a reference is observed to cross another single fiber in the observed two-dimensional plane, and the single fiber 1a and the single fibers 1b to 1f do not necessarily have to be in contact with each other, and a state in which the crossing is observed in the case of projection observation is not an exception. That is, when the single fiber 1a as a reference is observed, all of the single fibers 1b to 1f are the evaluation target of the two-dimensional orientation angle, and the two-dimensional orientation angle is an angle on the acute angle side in the range of 0 ° to 90 ° among 2 angles formed by 2 crossing single fibers in fig. 1 (a).

The method of measuring the two-dimensional orientation angle is not particularly limited, and for example, a method of observing the orientation of the reinforcing fibers (a1) from the surface of the constituent element can be exemplified. The average value of the two-dimensional orientation angle was measured by the following procedure. That is, the average value of the two-dimensional orientation angles of the randomly selected single fibers (the single fibers 1a in fig. 1) and all the single fibers (the single fibers 1b to 1f in fig. 1) intersecting with them was measured. For example, when there are a plurality of other single fibers intersecting a certain single fiber, an arithmetic average value measured by randomly selecting 20 other single fibers intersecting may be used instead. The measurement was repeated 5 times in total using other single fibers as a reference, and the arithmetic average thereof was calculated as the arithmetic average of the two-dimensional orientation angle.

By dispersing the reinforcing fibers substantially in the form of monofilaments and randomly, the performance imparted by the reinforcing fibers dispersed substantially in the form of monofilaments can be maximized. In addition, the mechanical properties may be isotropic in the continuous porous body. From such a viewpoint, the fiber dispersion rate of the reinforcing fibers is desirably 90% or more, and is preferably as close to 100%. The arithmetic average of the two-dimensional orientation angles of the reinforcing fibers is desirably in the range of 40 ° or more and 50 ° or less, and is more preferably closer to 45 ° which is an ideal angle. The preferable range of the two-dimensional orientation angle may have any of the above upper limits as an upper limit, or may have any of the above lower limits as a lower limit.

On the other hand, examples of the reinforcing fibers not having a discontinuous form include a sheet base material, a woven base material, a non-crimp base material, and the like in which reinforcing fibers are arranged in a single direction. In these forms, since the reinforcing fibers are regularly densely arranged, voids in the continuous porous body are reduced, impregnation of the matrix resin is extremely difficult, and options for forming an unimpregnated portion, impregnation means, and the type of resin may be greatly limited. In view of effectively utilizing the dense arrangement of the reinforcing fibers and improving the liquid repellency of the molded article, such reinforcing fibers not having a discontinuous form may be used in combination.

The reinforcing fiber may be in the form of continuous reinforcing fibers having a length equivalent to that of the continuous porous body or discontinuous reinforcing fibers having a finite length cut into a predetermined length, but discontinuous reinforcing fibers are preferable from the viewpoint of ease of impregnation with the matrix resin or ease of adjustment of the amount thereof.

In the continuous porous body of the present invention, the mass-average fiber length of the reinforcing fibers is preferably in the range of 1mm to 15 mm. This can improve the reinforcing efficiency of the reinforcing fiber and impart excellent mechanical properties to the continuous porous body. When the mass-average fiber length of the reinforcing fibers is 1mm or more, the voids in the continuous porous body can be efficiently formed, and therefore, the density can be reduced, in other words, a lightweight continuous porous body having the same thickness can be obtained, which is preferable. On the other hand, when the mass-average fiber length of the reinforcing fibers is 15mm or less, the reinforcing fibers are less likely to bend by their own weight in the continuous porous body, and the development of mechanical properties is not hindered, which is preferable. The mass-average fiber length can be calculated as follows: the matrix resin component of the continuous porous body was removed by a method such as burning and elution, 400 pieces of the continuous porous body were randomly selected from the remaining reinforcing fibers, and the length thereof was measured to 10 μm units and calculated as the mass-average fiber length thereof.

From the viewpoint of ease of impregnation of the matrix resin into the reinforcing fibers, the reinforcing fibers are preferably in the form of a nonwoven fabric. Furthermore, the reinforcing fibers are preferably in the form of a nonwoven fabric, because the nonwoven fabric itself is easy to handle, and impregnation with a thermoplastic resin having a generally high viscosity is easy. The nonwoven fabric-like form herein refers to a form in which strands and/or monofilaments of reinforcing fibers are randomly dispersed in a planar form, and examples thereof include chopped strand mats, continuous strand mats (continuous strand mats), papermaking mats, carding mats, and air-laid mats (hereinafter, these are collectively referred to as reinforcing fiber mats).

In the continuous porous body of the present invention, a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin can be exemplified as the matrix resin. In addition, in the present invention, a thermosetting resin and a thermoplastic resin may be blended.

In one embodiment of the continuous porous body of the present invention, the matrix resin preferably contains at least 1 or more thermoplastic resins. Examples of the thermoplastic resin include crystalline resins such as "polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polypropylene terephthalate (PTT), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyesters such as liquid crystal polyesters, polyolefins such as Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polybutylene, Polyoxymethylene (POM), Polyamide (PA), Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPs), polyarylene sulfides such as Polyketone (PK), polyether ketone (PEK), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyether ketone (PEKK), polyether nitrile (PEN), fluorine-based resins such as polytetrafluoroethylene, Liquid Crystal Polymers (LCP)", styrene-based resins, Polycarbonates (PC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyphenylene ether (PPE), Polyimides (PI), polyamide imides (PAI), polyether imides (PEI), Non-crystalline resins such as Polysulfone (PSU), polyethersulfone, and Polyarylate (PAR) ", and thermoplastic resins such as phenolic resins, phenoxy resins, and further thermoplastic elastomers such as polystyrenes, polyolefins, polyurethanes, polyesters, polyamides, polybutadienes, polyisoprenes, fluorine resins, and acrylonitriles, copolymers and modifications thereof. Among them, polyolefin is preferably used from the viewpoint of the lightweight property of the obtained continuous porous body, polyamide is preferably used from the viewpoint of strength, an amorphous resin such as polycarbonate or a styrene resin is preferably used from the viewpoint of surface appearance, polyarylene sulfide is preferably used from the viewpoint of heat resistance, polyether ether ketone is preferably used from the viewpoint of continuous use temperature, and a fluorine-based resin is preferably used from the viewpoint of chemical resistance.

In one embodiment of the continuous porous body of the present invention, the matrix resin preferably contains at least 1 or more thermosetting resins. Examples of the thermosetting resin include unsaturated polyester, vinyl ester, epoxy resin, phenol resin, urea resin, melamine resin, thermosetting polyimide, copolymers and modifications thereof, and resins obtained by blending at least 2 of these.

The continuous porous body according to the present invention may contain an impact resistance improver such as an elastomer or a rubber component, another filler, or an additive as one of matrix resin components, as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. Examples of the filler and the additive include an inorganic filler, a flame retardant, a conductivity-imparting agent, a crystal nucleating agent, an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant, a vibration-damping agent, an antibacterial agent, an insect-proofing agent, an odor-proofing agent, an anti-coloring agent, a heat stabilizer, a mold release agent, an antistatic agent, a plasticizer, a lubricant, a coloring agent, a pigment, a dye, a foaming agent, an antifoaming agent, and a coupling agent.

The continuous porous body of the present invention has voids. The voids in the present invention are spaces formed by overlapping or intersecting columnar supports of reinforcing fibers coated with a matrix resin. For example, when a continuous porous body is obtained by heating a precursor of a continuous porous body in which reinforcing fibers are impregnated with a matrix resin in advance, the matrix resin is melted or softened with the heating, and the reinforcing fibers are fluffed, thereby forming voids. This is based on the following properties: in the precursor of the porous body, the reinforcing fibers in the interior compressed by the pressurization are fluffed by the fluffing force derived from the elastic modulus thereof. The voids are continuous in at least the thickness direction. Here, the "thickness direction" refers to a direction from a plane portion (a surface having the largest projected area) of a plate-shaped molded article molded by the mold shown in fig. 3 toward a surface opposite thereto, and the gap is continuous in the direction. In the case of a molded article having a hemispherical shape formed by the mold shown in fig. 4, the thickness direction of the member constituting the molded article is defined. In this case, the continuous porous body has air permeability by making the voids continuous in the thickness direction. In addition, depending on the purpose, the film may be continuous in the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction.

The continuous porous body of the present invention is preferably: the volume content (%) of the reinforcing fibers is 0.5 to 55 vol%, the volume content (%) of the matrix resin is 2.5 to 85 vol%, and the volume content (%) of the voids is 10 to 97 vol%.

In the continuous porous body, when the volume content of the reinforcing fiber is 0.5 vol% or more, the reinforcing effect derived from the reinforcing fiber can be made sufficient, and therefore, the continuous porous body is preferable. On the other hand, when the volume content of the reinforcing fibers is 55 vol% or less, the volume content of the matrix resin relative to the reinforcing fibers is relatively large, and the reinforcing fibers in the continuous porous body are bonded to each other, so that the reinforcing effect of the reinforcing fibers can be made sufficient, and therefore, the mechanical properties, particularly the bending properties, of the continuous porous body can be satisfied.

In the continuous porous body, when the volume content of the matrix resin is 2.5 vol% or more, the reinforcing fibers in the continuous porous body are bonded to each other, so that the reinforcing effect of the reinforcing fibers can be sufficient, and the mechanical properties, particularly the flexural modulus of the continuous porous body can be satisfied, which is preferable. On the other hand, if the volume content of the matrix resin is 85 vol% or less, the formation of voids is not inhibited, and therefore, it is preferable.

In the continuous porous body, the reinforcing fibers are coated with a matrix resin, and the thickness of the coated matrix resin (coating thickness) is preferably in the range of 1 μm to 15 μm. In the coated state of the reinforcing fibers coated with the matrix resin, if at least the intersections of the single fibers of the reinforcing fibers constituting the continuous porous body are coated, the continuous porous body is sufficient from the viewpoints of shape stability, ease of thickness control, and freedom of movement, and a more preferable form is a state in which the matrix resin is coated around the reinforcing fibers at the thickness described above. The state is: the surface of the reinforcing fiber is not exposed by the matrix resin, in other words, the reinforcing fiber forms a wire-like coating film by the matrix resin. This allows the continuous porous body to have further shape stability and to exhibit sufficient mechanical properties. In the coated state of the reinforcing fibers coated with the matrix resin, it is not necessary that all of the reinforcing fibers are coated, and the coating may be carried out within a range that does not impair the shape stability, flexural modulus, and flexural strength of the continuous porous body according to the present invention.

In the continuous porous body, the volume content of the voids is preferably in the range of 10 vol% or more and 97 vol% or less. When the content of the voids is 10 vol% or more, the density of the continuous porous body is low, and therefore, the lightweight property can be satisfied, which is preferable. On the other hand, when the content of voids is 97 vol% or less, in other words, the thickness of the matrix resin covering the peripheries of the reinforcing fibers becomes sufficient, and therefore, the reinforcing fibers in the continuous porous body can be sufficiently reinforced, and the mechanical properties are improved, which is preferable. The upper limit of the void volume content is preferably 97 vol%. In the present invention, the volume content is defined as the total volume content of the reinforcing fibers, matrix resin and voids constituting the continuous porous body taken as 100 vol%.

In the continuous porous body, the voids are formed by the raising of the reinforcing fibers and the restoring force to return to the original state by decreasing the viscosity of the matrix resin that is the precursor of the continuous porous body. This is preferable because the reinforcing fibers are bonded via the matrix resin, and thereby the compression characteristics and the shape retention of the continuous porous body are further enhanced.

The density ρ of the continuous porous body is preferably 0.9g/cm³The following. The density rho of the continuous porous body is 0.9g/cm³The following case means mass reduction in the case of forming a continuous porous body, and as a result, contributes to weight reduction in the case of forming a product, so that it is preferable. More preferably 0.7g/cm³Hereinafter, more preferably 0.5g/cm³The following. The lower limit of the density is not limited, but generally, a value calculated from the volume ratio of each of the reinforcing fibers, the matrix resin, and the voids as the constituent components of the continuous porous body having the reinforcing fibers and the matrix resin may be the lower limit. In the molded article according to the present invention, the density of the continuous porous body itself varies depending on the reinforcing fiber and the matrix resin used, but is preferably 0.03g/cm from the viewpoint of maintaining the mechanical properties of the continuous porous body³The above.

(film layer)

In the molded article of the present invention, the film layer is a layer having at least liquid repellency. The liquid-repellent layer is a layer having a function of preventing liquid from permeating, and can prevent liquid from permeating into the continuous porous body when the film layer is formed as an outer surface of a molded article as a final product, and can impart a storage function without permeating liquid permeated into the continuous porous body when the film layer is formed as an inner surface. In the present invention, from the viewpoint of further improving the liquid repellency, it is desirable that the film layer is composed of 2 or more layers. In addition, with such a configuration, the amount of solid additives and resins used for forming the thin film layer can be reduced, and a molded product with excellent lightweight properties can be obtained.

In the molded article of the present invention, the film layer contains a solid additive and a resin. From the viewpoint of exhibiting the function by the solid additive, the mixing ratio of the solid additive to the resin is preferably 0.1% by volume or more and 50% by volume or less. When the volume ratio of the solid additive is less than 0.1 vol%, the function exhibited by the solid additive may be insufficient, and when it exceeds 50 vol%, the weight of the molded article may increase. In addition, when a thin film layer is formed, the viscosity of the resin increases, and the workability is deteriorated. The mixing ratio of the solid additive in the thin film layer is more preferably 1 vol% or more and 40 vol% or less. More preferably 3% by volume or more and 30% by volume or less.

When the molded article of the present invention is treated as a final product, the film layer preferably further includes a design layer. From this viewpoint, the solid additive is added to the molded article for the purpose of preventing the liquid from penetrating into the voids of the continuous porous body and imparting design properties such as coloring, pearl feeling, and metallic feeling.

Examples of the solid additive include pigments and glass beads. Specifically, there may be mentioned: organic pigments such as azo pigments and phthalocyanine blue; metallic pigments formed from metal powders of aluminum, brass, and the like; inorganic pigments such as chromium oxide and cobalt blue. Among them, metallic pigments and inorganic pigments are preferable from the viewpoint of heat resistance. In addition, when the reinforcing fiber is a dark fiber such as a carbon fiber or an aramid fiber, a pigment having a structure in which 2 or more layers have different refractive indices is preferably used. Examples thereof include titanium oxide, iron oxide-coated natural mica, artificial mica, alumina flakes, silica flakes, and glass flakes. By adopting such a layer structure, color can be developed by utilizing optical phenomena such as interference, diffraction, and scattering of light in the visible light region. When optical phenomena such as interference, diffraction, and scattering of light are used, color development can be performed by reflection of light having a specific wavelength, and therefore, the use of a deep-colored reinforcing fiber is preferable. From the viewpoint of blocking the voids (pores in the surface of the continuous porous body) of the continuous porous body, a solid incompatible with the resin is preferable when forming the thin film layer, and the state after forming the thin film layer is not limited.

The form of the solid additive is not particularly limited, and may be spherical, fibrous, or flake. In the present invention, since it is one of the purposes of the solid additive to block the continuous voids in the thickness direction of the continuous porous body, the shape of the voids can be appropriately selected. The maximum size of the solid additive is preferably 200 μm or less. Here, the maximum size of the solid additive means the maximum size of the primary particles of the solid additive, or the maximum size of the secondary particles in the case where the solid additive is aggregated or the like. By setting the maximum size of the solid additive to 200 μm or less, the surface of the thin film layer is smoothed, and the design is improved. The maximum size of the solid additive is preferably 1 μm or more. The liquid-repellent property of the thin film layer can be improved by setting the maximum size of the solid additive to 1 μm or more. The relationship between the maximum size of the solid additive and the pore diameter (pore diameter) of the continuous porous body described later is preferably no less than the maximum size of the solid additive, more preferably no less than the maximum size of the solid additive, even more preferably no less than 1.1 < the maximum size of the solid additive, and still more preferably no less than 1.3 < the maximum size of the solid additive. The maximum size of the solid additive is the following value: the solid additives were observed with an electron microscope, and from an image enlarged to a measurable size of at least 1 μm unit, arbitrary 100 solid additives were randomly selected, and arbitrary 2 points on the outer contour line of each solid additive were selected so that the distance therebetween became the maximum, and the length at that time was taken as the average value of the values measured for the maximum length. The aspect ratio of the solid additive is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50 or less, and more preferably 30 or less. From the viewpoint of ease of formation of the thin film layer (workability of the resin composition), the aspect ratio is more preferably 5 or less, and the additive having an aspect ratio closer to 1 can suppress variation in the characteristics of the thin film layer. On the other hand, when the pores formed in the continuous porous body are large, it is preferable from the viewpoint of the aspect ratio that the thickness of the thin film layer is reduced by setting the aspect ratio to 10 or more.

The maximum size of the solid additive is more preferably 150 μm or less, and still more preferably 100 μm or less. The maximum size of the solid additive is more preferably 5 μm or more, and still more preferably 10 μm or more.

From the viewpoint of suppressing an increase in the mass of the film layer and the molded article, it is preferable to use a hollow structure in which the solid additive is hollow. Among them, hollow glass beads, porous resin particles, and the like are preferable from the viewpoint of weight reduction. Alternatively, a hollow structure having a ring shape, a triangular shape, or a frame shape may be used. By using such a solid additive, the maximum size of the solid additive, which acts to block the continuous voids in the thickness direction of the continuous porous body, can be maintained, and an increase in weight can be suppressed.

In the film layer of the present invention, as the resin, a thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin can be used.

In the film layer of the present invention, the thermosetting resin comprises a thermosetting resin and a curing agent. The thermosetting resin is not particularly limited, and any thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin, an unsaturated polyester, and a phenol resin can be used. The thermosetting resin may be used alone or may be appropriately blended. When a solid additive for imparting design properties is used, an epoxy resin or an unsaturated polyester having high transparency is preferably used.

Examples of the curing agent include: compounds which undergo stoichiometric reactions such as aliphatic polyamines, aromatic polyamines, dicyandiamide, polycarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acid hydrazides, acid anhydrides, polymercaptans, and polyphenols, and compounds which function as catalysts such as imidazoles, lewis acid complexes, and onium salts. When a compound which undergoes a stoichiometric reaction is used, a curing accelerator, for example, imidazole, a lewis acid complex, an onium salt, a urea derivative, phosphine, or the like may be further added. Among the curing agents, organic nitrogen compounds having a nitrogen atom-containing group such as an amino group, an amide group, an imidazole group, a urea group, or a hydrazide group in the molecule are preferably used in order to obtain a fiber-reinforced composite material having excellent heat resistance and mechanical properties. The curing agent may be used alone in 1 kind, or may be used in combination of plural kinds.

In the film layer of the present invention, the viscosity of the thermosetting resin at 23 ℃ is preferably 1X 10¹Above and 1 × 10⁴Pa · s or less. By setting the viscosity of the resin at 23 ℃ to 1X 10¹As described above, the penetration of the resin into the continuous porous body can be suppressed. Further, the viscosity of the thermosetting resin was adjusted to 1X 10⁴Pa · s or less, the coating can be easily applied to the porous material, and a thin film layer having a uniform thickness can be formed. Of thermosetting resins at 23 DEG CThe viscosity is more preferably 1X 10²Above and 5 × 10³Pa · s or less.

In the film layer of the present invention, the viscosity of the thermosetting resin when heated at 50 ℃ for 30 minutes is preferably 1X 10⁴Pa · s or more. The thermosetting resin is preferably cured immediately after being applied to the continuous porous body without excessively penetrating into the voids of the continuous porous body. The viscosity of the thermosetting resin was set to 1X 10 by heating at 50 ℃ for 30 minutes⁴Pa · s or more, whereby the penetration of the thermosetting resin into the continuous porous body can be suppressed. Further, 1 × 10 is more preferable⁵Pa · s or more.

In the film layer of the present invention, the thermoplastic resin is not particularly limited, and any thermoplastic resin such as an acrylic resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyamide resin, a polyimide resin, and a vinyl chloride resin can be used. The thermoplastic resin may be used alone or may be appropriately blended. The resin may be selected in the same manner as the resin constituting the continuous porous body.

When the thin film layer uses a pigment as a solid additive and has a thermosetting resin, the refractive index difference between the pigment and the cured product of the thermosetting resin is preferably 0.1 or less. The smaller the difference in refractive index is, the more the transparency of the thin film layer is improved, and thus the coloring effect of the pigment is strongly exhibited. The resin used in the film layer is preferably a thermosetting resin.

(molded article)

In the molded article of the present invention, the degree of water permeation from the surface of the molded article on which the film layer is formed is 10% or less. By setting the water permeability to 10% or less, water can be prevented from penetrating into the continuous porous body. The water permeability is preferably 8% or less, and more preferably 5% or less. As for the degree of water penetration into the molded article, for example, a test piece of 100 mm. times.100 mm is cut out from the molded article, the mass M0 is measured, and 30g of water is dropped on the surface of the test piece on the film layer side. After 5 minutes, the test piece was turned over, and water remaining on the surface of the test piece was removed, and the mass M1 of the test piece was measured and calculated from the following formula.

Degree of penetration [% ] { (M1-M0) ÷ 30} × 100 formula (1)

In the molded article of the present invention, the thickness of the thin film layer is preferably 10 μm or more and 500 μm or less. When the thickness is thinner than 10 μm, the liquid-repellent property may be lowered. When the thickness is greater than 500 μm, a smooth surface and a surface with excellent design properties can be formed, but the mass of the molded article increases, and the lightweight property of the molded article is difficult to be exhibited. The thickness of the thin film layer is more preferably 400 μm or less, and still more preferably 300 μm or less.

In the molded article of the present invention, the density of the film layer is preferably 2.5g/cm³The following. By making the density of the film layer 2.5/cm³In this way, the increase in the mass of the molded product can be suppressed. The density of the film layer was 2.5g/cm³Hereinafter, more preferably 2.0g/cm³Hereinafter, more preferably 1.5g/cm³The following. In this case, the lower limit of the density of the thin film layer is not particularly limited from the viewpoint of weight reduction, but is 0.1g/cm from the viewpoint of easiness of formation of the thin film layer³Above, more preferably 0.3g/cm³Above, more preferably 0.5g/cm³The above. In the molded article of the present invention, the film layer is preferably impregnated into the voids of the continuous porous body. By making the thin film layer penetrate into the gap and mechanically joining the thin film layer by anchoring, the thin film layer can be firmly formed on the surface of the continuous porous body. Further, in the molded article of the present invention, it is preferable that at least a part of the solid additive is present in the voids of the continuous porous body. By setting this state, it is possible to further prevent water and an aqueous solution from penetrating into the continuous porous body. In addition, excessive penetration of the resin constituting the film layer can be suppressed. In this case, the state in which the solid additive is present in the pores of the continuous porous body is not particularly limited, and the solid additive that has intruded into the continuous porous body is preferably present at a depth of 30 μm or more in the thickness direction of the porous body, and the depth is more preferably 50 μm or more, and still more preferably 100 μm or more.

Further, a molded article according to embodiment 2 of the present invention is a molded article in which a thin film layer containing a solid additive and a resin is formed on a continuous porous body having a void that is continuous in a thickness direction, and a degree of penetration of a solution having a contact angle of 60 ° or less on a glass substrate from a surface of the molded article on which the thin film layer is formed, measured according to JIS R3257(1999), is 30% or less. By setting the degree of penetration of a solution having a contact angle of 60 ° or less on a glass substrate measured according to JIS R3257(1999) from the surface of a molded article on which a thin film layer is formed to 30% or less, it is possible to prevent a washing liquid from penetrating into a continuous porous body even when the surface of the molded article is treated with a liquid containing a surfactant (so-called washing (shampoo) liquid) for the purpose of washing or the like. The degree of penetration of a solution having a contact angle of 60 ° or less on a glass substrate measured according to JIS R3257(1999) from the surface of a molded article on which a thin film layer is formed is more preferably 20% or less, and still more preferably 10% or less. The contact angle of the solution having a degree of penetration of 30% or less is more preferably 45 ° or less, and still more preferably 30 ° or less. The degree of penetration of a solution having a contact angle of 60 ° or less on a glass substrate measured according to JIS R3257(1999) from the surface of a molded article on which a thin film layer is formed can be measured in the same manner as the degree of penetration of water described above. Examples of the washing liquid include a solution containing a surfactant as a main component, such as a washing liquid used for washing automobiles and the like, a washing liquid used for washing clothes and the like, and a washing liquid used for washing dishes and the like. The type of the surfactant is not particularly limited, and the hydrophilic portion includes both ionic and nonionic types, and among the ionic types, there are anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants. From the viewpoint of removing (cleaning) dirt such as oil components, anionic surfactants are mainly contained, and these surfactants may be used as they are or after being diluted with water or the like. In the molded article according to embodiment 2, the porous body, the film layer, and the molded article are the same as those of embodiment 1.

(production of continuous porous Material)

A precursor of a continuous porous body and a method for producing a continuous porous body will be described.

As a method for producing the precursor, a method of pressurizing or depressurizing a matrix resin in a molten or softened state with respect to a reinforcing fiber mat can be cited. Specifically, from the viewpoint of ease of production, it is desirable to exemplify a method of heating and pressurizing a laminate in which a matrix resin is arranged from both sides and/or the center in the thickness direction of a reinforcing fiber mat to melt-impregnate the matrix resin.

As a method for producing a reinforcing fiber mat constituting a continuous porous body, for example, there is a method for producing a reinforcing fiber mat by dispersing reinforcing fibers in advance into a tow and/or a substantially monofilament-like form. As a method for producing the reinforcing fiber mat, a dry process such as an air-laid method in which reinforcing fibers are dispersed into a sheet by an air stream, a carding method in which reinforcing fibers are formed into a sheet by finishing the shape while mechanically carding, and a wet process using a Radright method in which reinforcing fibers are stirred in water to form a sheet are given as known techniques. As means for making the reinforcing fibers closer to a monofilament shape, in the dry process, a method of providing a spreader bar, a method of further vibrating the spreader bar, a method of further refining the mesh of a carding machine, a method of adjusting the rotational speed of the carding machine, and the like can be exemplified. In the wet process, a method of adjusting the stirring condition of the reinforcing fibers, a method of thinning the reinforcing fiber concentration of the dispersion, a method of adjusting the viscosity of the dispersion, a method of suppressing the eddy current when the dispersion is transferred, and the like can be exemplified. It is particularly desirable that the reinforcing fiber mat is manufactured by a wet process, and the proportion of the reinforcing fibers of the reinforcing fiber mat can be easily adjusted by increasing the concentration of the input fibers or adjusting the flow rate (flow rate) of the dispersion and the speed of the mesh belt conveyor. For example, by slowing down the speed of the mesh belt conveyor relative to the flow rate of the dispersion, the orientation of the fibers in the resulting reinforcing fiber mat is less likely to be oriented in the direction of draw, enabling the production of a lofty reinforcing fiber mat. The reinforcing fiber mat may be composed of a single reinforcing fiber, or may be composed of a mixture of a reinforcing fiber and a matrix resin component in a powder or fiber form, or a mixture of a reinforcing fiber and an organic or inorganic compound, or a mixture of reinforcing fibers and a matrix resin component.

As the apparatus for carrying out each of the above methods, a compression molding machine and a double belt press can be suitably used. In the former case, the productivity can be improved by providing a batch type pressurizing system in which 2 or more heating and cooling units are arranged in parallel. In the latter case, continuous processing can be easily performed, and therefore, the continuous productivity is excellent.

Next, the step of expanding the precursor to form the continuous porous body is not particularly limited, and it is preferable to reduce the viscosity of the matrix resin constituting the continuous porous body to form the continuous porous body. As a method for reducing the viscosity of the matrix resin, it is preferable to heat the precursor. The heating method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of heating by contacting with a mold, a hot plate, or the like set to a desired temperature, and a method of heating in a non-contact state using a heater or the like. When a thermoplastic resin is used as the matrix resin constituting the continuous porous body, heating may be performed to a melting point or a softening point or higher, and when a thermosetting resin is used, heating is performed at a temperature lower than the temperature at which the curing reaction starts.

As a method of controlling the thickness of the continuous porous body, any method may be used as long as the heated precursor can be controlled to a target thickness, but from the viewpoint of ease of production, a method of restricting the thickness using a metal plate or the like, a method of controlling the thickness by pressure applied to the precursor, and the like are exemplified as preferable methods. As an apparatus for carrying out the above method, a compression molding machine, a double belt press, or the like can be suitably used. In the former case, the productivity can be improved by providing a batch type pressurizing system in which 2 or more heating and cooling units are arranged in parallel. In the latter case, continuous processing can be easily performed, and therefore, the continuous productivity is excellent.

(production of molded article)

The molded article according to the present invention is preferably formed by applying a resin mixture of a solid additive and a resin to a continuous porous body and then heating the applied resin mixture to form a thin film layer. Although the thin film layer can be formed without heating, it is preferable to form the thin film layer by heating from the viewpoint of productivity and the capability of suppressing excessive penetration of the thin film layer into the continuous porous body.

The resin mixture of the solid additive and the resin can be produced by a stirrer or an extruder.

The coating of the resin mixture on the continuous porous body may be performed by a brush, a roll, a knife coater, an air knife, a die coater, a meniscus coater (meniscus coater), a bar coater, or the like. Alternatively, the resin mixture for forming the thin film layer may be sprayed with compressed air or the like. In this case, the resin mixture is preferably applied at a pressure lower than the pressure P obtained in the measurement of the pore diameter (pore diameter) of the continuous porous body described later, from the viewpoint of suppressing excessive penetration into the pores of the continuous porous body.

The continuous porous body coated with the resin mixture is heated. The heating temperature may be a curing temperature or higher in the case of a thermosetting resin, or a melting point or softening point or higher in the case of a thermoplastic resin.

In the case of using a thermoplastic resin as the resin constituting the film layer, the continuous porous body may be applied by insert molding after being set in a mold for injection molding.

The molded article of the present invention produced in the above manner can be suitably used, for example, for: an outer panel such as "housing, tray, chassis, interior member, diaphragm, speaker cone (or housing thereof)" of an electric or electronic device component such as "housing, tray, chassis, interior member, speaker cone" (or housing thereof), "acoustic member such as" various members, various frames, various hinges, various arms, various axles, various wheel bearings, various beams "," car cover ", roof, door, fender, trunk lid, side panel, back panel, front body, bottom body, various pillars, various members, various frames, various beams, various supports, various rails, various hinges", or "body component, Building materials such as exterior parts such as "bumpers, bumper beams, fascia, under covers, engine covers, cowls, spoilers, cowl vents, and streamline parts", interior parts such as "instrument panels, seat frames, door trim, pillar garnishes, steering wheels, and various modules", or interior parts such as "motor parts, CNG tanks, and gasoline tanks", structural parts for automobiles and motorcycles, components for automobiles and motorcycles such as "battery trays, headlamp brackets, pedal housings, protectors, lamp reflectors, lamp housings, soundproof covers, and spare wheel covers", components for automobiles and motorcycles, components for wall interiors such as "soundproof walls and soundproof walls", and aircraft parts such as "landing gear pods, wingtips winglets, spoilers, leading edges, gangways, elevators, cowlings, ribs, and seats". From the viewpoint of mechanical properties and shape formability, it is desired to be used for automobile interior and exterior parts, housings for electric and electronic devices, bicycles, structural materials for sporting goods, interior materials for aircrafts, transport cases, and building materials. When the molded article of the present invention has a water-repellent surface as an inner surface, it can be used for a water-absorbing sponge (floral foam) used in a factory for growing plants or the like, and a surface and/or an interior of asphalt laid as a water-retaining property.