阅读说明：本技术 一种双侧操作的空重转换塞门开闭机构 (Double-side operated open-close mechanism of air-weight conversion cock ) 是由 杨清帆 杨发先 张超德 徐誌 周炯 邹梦竹 魏清岭 谷美娜 陶斌 于 2020-07-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种双侧操作的空重转换塞门开闭机构,其安装于车辆底架下方,或穿车辆底架上的中梁安装,包括转换手柄、左安装面板、转轴、拨臂、空重车转换塞门、套管、右安装面板、拨臂固定座、固定管卡组成以及连接紧固件；转轴两端各对称固定设置一个转换手柄；左安装面板、右安装面板对称穿套在转轴的两端上后固定在车体上；拨臂固定座套在转轴上,拨臂一端与拨臂固定座固定连接、另一端与空重车转换塞门的把手连接；套管套在转轴上,固定管卡组成卡固套管于车辆附属件上。该塞门开闭机构可在车辆任意一侧实现塞门的开与闭,结构简单可靠,避免了操作人员进入车底开闭塞门,造成意外事故,并且组装、拆卸方便,适用于多种车型。(A bilateral-operated air-weight conversion cock opening and closing mechanism is arranged below a vehicle underframe or is installed by penetrating a middle beam on the vehicle underframe and comprises a conversion handle, a left installation panel, a rotating shaft, a shifting arm, an air-weight conversion cock, a sleeve, a right installation panel, a shifting arm fixing seat, a fixed pipe clamp and a connecting fastener; two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively and symmetrically and fixedly provided with a conversion handle; the left mounting panel and the right mounting panel are symmetrically sleeved on two ends of the rotating shaft in a penetrating way and then are fixed on the vehicle body; the shifting arm fixing seat is sleeved on the rotating shaft, one end of the shifting arm is fixedly connected with the shifting arm fixing seat, and the other end of the shifting arm is connected with a handle of the empty and heavy vehicle conversion cock; the sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the fixed pipe clamp is formed to clamp and fix the sleeve on the accessory of the vehicle. The cock opening and closing mechanism can realize the opening and closing of the cock at any one side of the vehicle, has simple and reliable structure, avoids the accident caused by the fact that an operator enters the vehicle bottom to open and close the cock, is convenient to assemble and disassemble, and is suitable for various vehicle types.)

1. A double-side operated open-close mechanism of air-weight conversion cock, which is installed under the vehicle chassis or through the center sill on the vehicle chassis, is characterized in that: the cock opening and closing mechanism comprises a conversion handle (1), a left mounting panel (2), a rotating shaft (3), a shifting arm (4), an empty and heavy vehicle conversion cock (5), a sleeve (6), a right mounting panel (7), a shifting arm fixing seat (8), a fixed pipe clamp assembly (9) and a connecting fastener; the connecting fastener comprises a common flat key (10), an elastic pin (11), an adjusting washer (12), a cotter pin (13), a flat washer (14) and a set screw (15); two ends of the rotating shaft (3) are respectively and symmetrically fixedly provided with a conversion handle (1); the left mounting panel (2) and the right mounting panel (7) are symmetrically sleeved on two ends of the rotating shaft (3) in a penetrating way and then fixed on the vehicle body; the shifting arm fixing seat (8) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (3), one end of the shifting arm (4) is fixedly connected with the shifting arm fixing seat (8), and the other end of the shifting arm is connected with a handle of the empty and heavy vehicle conversion cock (5); the sleeve (6) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (3), and the fixed pipe clamp assembly (9) is used for clamping and fixing the sleeve (6) on the accessory of the vehicle; and connecting fasteners are adopted at all the connecting parts.

2. A double-side operated empty-to-weight conversion cock opening and closing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rotating shaft (3) is made of a whole steel pipe, and the middle part of the rotating shaft is not spliced; the length of the rotating shaft (3) is determined according to the transverse width of the vehicle.

3. A double-side operated empty-to-weight conversion cock opening and closing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the conversion handle (1) is a casting, and the two conversion handles (1) which are symmetrically arranged are fixed in mounting holes at two ends of the rotating shaft (3) through elastic pins (11).

4. A double-side operated empty-to-weight conversion cock opening and closing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sleeve (6) is manufactured by blanking a finished steel pipe; the fixed pipe clamp assembly (9) is a general part of a railway wagon.

5. A double-side operated empty-to-weight conversion cock opening and closing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the left mounting panel (2) and the right mounting panel (7) are castings, and are provided with retaining shoulders (16) and empty and heavy vehicle state indication marks (17).

6. A double-side operated empty-to-weight conversion cock opening and closing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the shifting arm fixing seat (8) is an machined part, and two ends of the shifting arm fixing seat (8) and the rotating shaft (3) are welded into a whole in a ring welding mode; the position of the shifting arm fixing seat (8) on the rotating shaft (3) is determined by the position of the empty and heavy vehicle conversion cock (5).

7. A double-side operated empty-to-weight conversion cock opening and closing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the shifting arm (4) is made of a plate material, and the shifting arm (4) is connected with the shifting arm fixing seat (8) through a common flat key (10).

8. A double-side operated empty-to-weight conversion cock opening and closing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a stop catch (21) is arranged at one end of the shifting arm fixing seat (8), a second key groove (19) is arranged at the position connected with the shifting arm (4), a fastening screw hole (20) is arranged below the other end of the shifting arm fixing seat, and a fastening screw (15) is arranged on the fastening screw hole (20); the shifting arm fixing seat (8) is provided with a through hole matched with the diameter of the rotating shaft (3).

9. A double-side operated empty-to-weight conversion cock opening and closing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the shifting arm (4) is provided with a through hole matched with the outer diameter of the shifting arm fixing seat (8), a first key groove (18) connected with the shifting arm fixing seat (8) and a long guide hole (22) connected with a handle of the empty and heavy vehicle conversion cock (5); a handle of the empty and heavy vehicle conversion cock (5) penetrates through a long guide hole (22) on the shifting arm (4) and is provided with an opening pin (13) and a flat gasket (14).

10. A double-side operated empty-to-weight conversion cock opening and closing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: adjusting washers (12) are arranged between the left mounting panel (2) and the left conversion handle (1) and between the right mounting panel (7) and the right conversion handle (1).

The technical field is as follows:

the invention relates to the technical field of railway freight cars, in particular to the technical field of empty-load conversion cock valves for railway freight car brake systems, and specifically relates to a bilateral-operation empty-load conversion cock opening and closing mechanism.

Background art:

for the railway freight car adopting the manual empty and heavy car adjusting device, the arrangement of the empty parking space and the heavy parking space is realized by the opening and closing of the empty and heavy car conversion cock. The switching mechanism of the empty and heavy vehicle conversion cock adopted by railway freight cars in the early stage of China is that a shifting arm is assembled and welded on a rotating shaft, the whole switching mechanism is only suitable for being installed below a car body chassis, the switching mechanism needs to cross a side beam and a middle beam, during installation, the old switching mechanism cannot be installed due to structural limitation, if the shifting arm is assembled and welded on the rotating shaft on site, and if the switching mechanism is damaged or needs to be disassembled for maintenance, the problem that the lower car cannot be disassembled can occur.

In addition, in the use process of the old opening and closing mechanism, the handle and the shifting arm of the empty and heavy vehicle conversion cock are downward, the whole movement motion from opening to closing is in an inverted V shape, the shake in the vehicle running process easily causes the closed cock to be opened accidentally, the required heavy vehicle pressure becomes the empty vehicle pressure, the train cannot be stopped within an effective distance, and the driving safety is not facilitated.

The invention content is as follows:

in view of the above problems, the present invention provides a dual side operated empty-to-weight conversion cock opening and closing mechanism.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a bilateral-operated empty-load conversion cock opening and closing mechanism, which is arranged below a vehicle chassis or mounted by penetrating through a middle beam on the vehicle chassis and comprises a conversion handle, a left mounting panel, a rotating shaft, a shifting arm, an empty-load conversion cock, a sleeve, a right mounting panel, a shifting arm fixing seat, a fixed pipe clamp and a connecting fastener, wherein the left mounting panel is arranged on the left side of the vehicle chassis; the connecting fastener comprises a common flat key, an elastic pin, an adjusting washer, a cotter pin, a flat washer and a set screw; two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively and symmetrically and fixedly provided with a conversion handle; the left mounting panel and the right mounting panel are symmetrically sleeved on two ends of the rotating shaft in a penetrating way and then are fixed on the vehicle body; the shifting arm fixing seat is sleeved on the rotating shaft, one end of the shifting arm is fixedly connected with the shifting arm fixing seat, and the other end of the shifting arm is connected with a handle of the empty and heavy vehicle conversion cock; the sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the fixed pipe clamp forms a clamping sleeve which is fixed on the accessory of the vehicle; and connecting fasteners are adopted at all the connecting parts.

The rotating shaft is made of a whole steel pipe, and the middle part of the rotating shaft is not spliced; the length of the rotating shaft is determined according to the transverse width of the vehicle.

The conversion handles are castings, and the two conversion handles which are symmetrically arranged are fixed in mounting holes at two ends of the rotating shaft through elastic pins.

The sleeve is made by blanking a finished steel pipe; the fixed pipe clamp is a universal part of the railway wagon.

The left mounting panel and the right mounting panel are castings, and are provided with blocking shoulders and empty and load vehicle state indicating marks.

The shifting arm fixing seat is an machined part, and two ends of the shifting arm fixing seat and the rotating shaft ring are welded into a whole; the position of the shifting arm fixing seat on the rotating shaft is determined by the position of the empty and heavy vehicle conversion cock.

The shifting arm is made of a plate material, and the shifting arm is connected with the shifting arm fixing seat through a common flat key.

One end of the shifting arm fixing seat is provided with a stop, a second key groove is formed in the position connected with the shifting arm, a fastening screw hole is formed below the other end of the shifting arm fixing seat, and a fastening screw is installed on the fastening screw hole; the shifting arm fixing seat is provided with a through hole matched with the diameter of the rotating shaft.

The shifting arm is provided with a through hole matched with the outer diameter of the shifting arm fixing seat, a first key groove connected with the shifting arm fixing seat and a long guide hole connected with a handle of the empty and heavy vehicle conversion cock; a handle of the empty and heavy vehicle conversion cock penetrates through a long guide hole on the shifting arm to be provided with a cotter pin and a flat gasket.

Adjusting washers are arranged between the left mounting panel and the left conversion handle and between the right mounting panel and the right conversion handle.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the shifting arm is detachably arranged, so that the mounting requirements of various vehicle types such as side beams, middle beams and the like which need to be transversely crossed are met.

2. The rotating shaft is made of a whole steel pipe, the middle of the rotating shaft is not spliced, the integrity is good, the rotating shaft is easy to manufacture, and the cost is low.

3. The V-shaped conversion handle is arranged below the empty and heavy vehicle conversion plug door, and the conversion handle is V-shaped along the vertical direction in the operation process, so that the empty and heavy vehicle conversion plug door can be effectively prevented from being accidentally opened in the movement process of a vehicle.

4. The flat gasket is additionally arranged between the shifting arm and the cock handle and is used for separating the shifting arm from the cock handle by a certain distance and avoiding large-area friction between the shifting arm and the empty-weight conversion cock handle.

5. The mounting panel is provided with the limiting stop shoulder and the empty and heavy state indicating mark, so that whether the empty and heavy vehicle conversion cock is fully opened or fully closed can be intuitively judged.

6. The fixed pipe clamp assembly solves the problem that the rigidity of the middle part is insufficient when the rotating shaft is too long.

The invention can realize the opening and closing of the plug door on any side of the vehicle, has simple and reliable structure and avoids the accident caused by the fact that an operator enters the vehicle bottom to open and close the plug door; the invention has convenient assembly and disassembly, is suitable for various vehicle types, and has great potential economic benefit.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the conversion handle, the mounting panel and the rotating shaft of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the rotating shaft, the arm-shifting fixing seat, the arm-shifting and the empty/heavy vehicle conversion cock of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the left mounting panel of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a right mounting panel of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the toggle arm of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the toggle arm fixing base of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a diagram of the effect of the practical application of the present invention.

Reference numbers in the figures:

the automatic change-over device comprises a 1-change-over handle, a 2-left installation panel, a 3-rotating shaft, a 4-shifting arm, a 5-empty and heavy vehicle change-over cock, a 6-sleeve, a 7-right installation panel, an 8-shifting arm fixing seat, a 9-fixed pipe clamp, a 10-common flat key, an 11-elastic pin, a 12-adjusting washer, a 13-split pin, a 14-flat washer, a 15-set screw, a 16-shoulder block, a 17-empty and heavy vehicle state indication mark, an 18-first key groove, a 19-second key groove, a 20-set screw hole, a 21-stop block and a 22-long guide hole.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the technical solutions will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1 to 8, the present invention provides a dual-side operated empty-weight conversion cock opening and closing mechanism, which can be installed below a vehicle underframe and also can be installed through a center sill on the vehicle underframe; the conversion device comprises a conversion handle 1, a left mounting panel 2, a rotating shaft 3, a shifting arm 4, an empty and heavy vehicle conversion cock 5, a sleeve 6, a right mounting panel 7, a shifting arm fixing seat 8, a fixed pipe clamp assembly 9, a connecting fastener and the like. The connecting fastener comprises a common flat key 10, an elastic pin 11, an adjusting washer 12, a cotter pin 13, a flat washer 14 and a set screw 15. The rotating shaft 3 is made of a whole steel pipe, and the middle part of the rotating shaft is not spliced; the length of the rotating shaft 3 is determined according to the transverse width of the vehicle; mounting holes are formed in two ends of the rotating shaft 3 and used for fixing the conversion handle 1, and the two ends of the rotating shaft 3 are symmetrically and fixedly provided with the conversion handle 1 respectively. The conversion handle 1 is a casting, the two conversion handles 1 which are symmetrically arranged are fixed in mounting holes at two ends of the rotating shaft 3 through elastic pins 11, and the height of the conversion handle 1 can be adjusted according to actual needs. The left mounting panel 2 and the right mounting panel 7 are symmetrically sleeved on two ends of the rotating shaft 3 in a penetrating mode and then fixed on a vehicle body, the left mounting panel 2 and the right mounting panel 7 are castings, a stop shoulder 16 of the limiting conversion handle 1 and an empty-load vehicle state indicating mark 17 are arranged on the castings, when the conversion handle 1 is in contact with the stop shoulder 16, the empty-load vehicle conversion plug door 5 is in a fully-open or fully-closed position, and whether the empty-load vehicle conversion plug door 5 is fully-open or fully-closed is judged more visually. The shifting arm fixing seat 8 is an machined part, the shifting arm fixing seat 8 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 3, the position of the shifting arm fixing seat 8 on the rotating shaft 3 is determined by the position of the empty-load vehicle conversion cock 5, and two ends of the shifting arm fixing seat 8 and the rotating shaft 3 are welded into a whole in a ring mode; a stop catch 21 is arranged at one end of the shifting arm fixing seat 8, a second key groove 19 is arranged at the position connected with the shifting arm 4, a set screw hole 20 is arranged below the other end of the shifting arm fixing seat 8, and a set screw 15 is arranged on the set screw hole 20 to limit the axial movement of the shifting arm 4 on the shifting arm fixing seat 8; the shifting arm fixing seat 8 is provided with a through hole matched with the diameter of the rotating shaft 3. The arm 4 is made of sheet materials, the arm 4 is provided with a through hole matched with the outer diameter of the arm fixing seat 8, a first key groove 18 connected with the arm fixing seat 8, and a long guide hole 22 connected with a handle of the empty-load vehicle conversion cock 5, one end of the arm 4 is fixedly connected with the arm fixing seat 8, the other end of the arm is connected with a handle of the empty-load vehicle conversion cock 5, the arm 4 and the arm fixing seat 8 are connected through a common flat key 10, and the installation requirements of various vehicle types can be met. The sleeve 6 is made by blanking finished steel pipes, and the sleeve 6 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 3. The fixed pipe clamp assembly 9 is a general part of a railway wagon, the fixed pipe clamp assembly 9 is used for clamping and fixing the sleeve 6 on a vehicle accessory, the fixed pipe clamp assembly 9 is not directly contacted with the rotating shaft 3, and the fixed pipe clamp assembly 9 is arranged to compensate the defect of middle rigidity when the rotating shaft 3 is too long.

When the invention is assembled, the rotating shaft 3 is firstly penetrated from a side beam mounting hole at one side close to the conversion cock 5 of the empty and heavy vehicle, when the rotating shaft penetrates between the side beam and the middle beam, the shifting arm 4 and the sleeve 6 are sleeved, and the rotating shaft 3 continuously penetrates through the middle beam and the side beam at the other side; install ordinary parallel key 10 in dialling the second keyway 19 on arm fixing base 8, then will dial first keyway 18 on arm 4 and align with ordinary parallel key 10, strike and dial arm 4, until dialling arm 4 and dialling backstop 21 contact on the arm fixing base 8, set screw 15 is installed to set screw hole 20 department on dialling arm fixing base 8, set screw 15 can prevent to dial the axial float after arm 4 is fixed. The sleeve 6 is fixed on the accessory of the vehicle by a fixed pipe clamp assembly 9; sleeving a left installation panel 2 on a rotating shaft 3, fixing the left installation panel 2 on a vehicle underframe, installing an adjusting gasket 12 between the left installation panel 2 and a left conversion handle 1, and fixing the conversion handle 1 in an installation hole at the end part of the rotating shaft 3 by using an elastic pin 11; a handle of the empty and heavy vehicle conversion cock 5 penetrates through a long guide hole 22 on the shifting arm 4 to be provided with a cotter pin 13 and a flat gasket 14; the right mounting panel 7 and the conversion handle 1 on the other side are mounted, and an adjusting gasket 12 is mounted between the right mounting panel 7 and the conversion handle 1 on the right side.

The invention is a manual operation, when the vehicle needs to be set as a heavy vehicle, an operator is positioned at any side of the vehicle, observes the empty and heavy vehicle state indicating mark 17 on the installation panel at the corresponding side, then dials the conversion handle 1 to rotate towards the heavy character mark direction, the conversion handle 1 drives the rotating shaft 3, the dial arm fixing seat 8 and the dial arm 4 to rotate together around the axial center of the rotating shaft 3, the dial arm 4 drives the handle of the empty and heavy vehicle conversion cock 5 to rotate around the handle cock center, so as to realize the closing of the empty and heavy vehicle conversion cock 5, when the conversion handle 1 contacts with the shoulder 16 on the installation panel, the empty and heavy vehicle conversion cock 5 is completely closed, at the moment, the conversion handle 1 is positioned at the same side of the heavy character mark on the installation panel, and the vehicle is set in a heavy vehicle state. Otherwise, the conversion handle 1 is shifted to the opposite direction, when the conversion handle 1 is contacted with the retaining shoulder 16 on the installation panel, the empty-load vehicle conversion cock 5 is indicated to be completely opened, at the moment, the conversion handle 1 is arranged on the same side of the empty character mark on the installation panel, and the vehicle is arranged in an empty vehicle state. This closing mechanism is located empty and heavy car conversion cock 5's below, and from opening to closing, conversion handle 1 is "V-V" shape along vertical direction in the motion process.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.