阅读说明：本技术 一种气缸盖及其内燃机 (Cylinder cover and internal combustion engine thereof ) 是由 刘宗辉 史长平 肖坤 李珊珊 刘畅 于 2020-08-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于柴油机技术领域,公开了一种气缸盖及其内燃机,本气缸盖包括本体,本体的底板为薄壁结构,且底板在朝向本体的顶板方向设有用于将本体内形成有上层水腔和下层水腔的锥形中隔板,本体上分别设有下层水腔通入的窜水孔、上层水腔通出的出水口、及连通上层水腔与下层水腔的第一水孔。本内燃机为应用有该气缸盖。本发明提及的气缸盖具有结构紧凑、冷却结构合理,可适用于高爆压、高功率大缸径柴油机。(The invention belongs to the technical field of diesel engines, and discloses a cylinder cover and an internal combustion engine thereof. The internal combustion engine is applied with the cylinder cover. The cylinder cover provided by the invention has the advantages of compact structure and reasonable cooling structure, and can be suitable for a high-detonation pressure and high-power large-bore diesel engine.)

1. The utility model provides a cylinder head, includes body (1), its characterized in that, the bottom plate of body is thin wall construction, and the bottom plate is equipped with in the roof direction towards the body and is used for being formed with toper median septum (10) of upper water chamber (5) and lower floor's water chamber (6) in this body, be equipped with scurrying hole (24) that lower floor's water chamber let in, delivery port (4) that upper water chamber leads to and communicate upper water chamber and first water hole (7) of lower floor's water chamber on the body respectively.

2. The cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that the body is further provided with a second water hole (8) which communicates the lower water chamber and the upper water chamber and can be opened to a fuel injector mounting hole (11) provided in the body to cool the lower middle portion of the fuel injector.

3. The cylinder head according to claim 2, characterized in that the body is further provided with a third water hole (9) communicating the upper water chamber and the lower water chamber and leading to a nose bridge area between the body bottom plate and the conical middle partition plate to cool the nose bridge area and the injector nozzle.

4. The cylinder head according to claim 3, characterized in that the body is further provided with a fourth water hole (15) communicating the lower water chamber and the upper water chamber and leading to an exhaust valve seat ring (19) provided in the body to cool the exhaust valve (17).

5. The cylinder head according to claim 4, wherein a sleeve (20) is provided outside the exhaust valve seat ring, and a cooling water chamber (21) between the sleeve and the exhaust valve seat ring is communicated with the fourth water hole.

6. The cylinder head according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first water hole, the second water hole, the fourth water hole, and the third water hole are arranged from top to bottom in a vertical direction of the body.

7. The cylinder head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rocker seat mounting surface (G) provided on the body is lower than the body top plate upper surface (F).

8. An internal combustion engine, characterized in that a cylinder head according to any one of claims 1-7 is applied.

9. The internal combustion engine of claim 8, wherein the internal combustion engine is a diesel engine.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of diesel engines, and provides a cylinder cover.

Background

With the increasing emission levels and the constant market demand for high power density, the operating conditions of diesel engine cylinder heads are becoming more and more severe. The pursuit of high pressure, high thermal load, light weight, economy, and the like puts high demands on the design of the cylinder head. Therefore, a new cylinder head with compact structure, light weight, high strength and high reliability needs to be designed and developed for a diesel engine with high detonation pressure, high power and high strengthening degree. The cylinder heads of the prior art are typically: the four-valve structure is characterized in that the air inlet channel and the air exhaust channel are arranged on the same side, the oil injector is arranged in the middle, and the rocker arm seat is arranged on the upper plane of the cylinder cover. The disadvantages brought by it are: 1) the rocker arm seat is arranged on the upper plane of the cylinder cover, the overall height of the gas distribution system and the height of the cylinder cover shell are increased, the lightweight design is not facilitated, and the rigidity of the gas distribution system is reduced. 2) The cylinder cover is limited by structural arrangement, and the general requirements of a mechanical pump diesel engine and a common rail pump diesel engine cannot be met.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a cylinder head for a large-bore diesel engine with compact structure and reasonable cooling structure, which is suitable for high detonation pressure and high power.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme.

The invention provides a cylinder cover which comprises a body, wherein a bottom plate of the body is of a thin-wall structure, a conical middle partition plate used for forming an upper-layer water cavity and a lower-layer water cavity in the body is arranged on the bottom plate in the direction towards a top plate of the body, and a water channeling hole for leading in the lower-layer water cavity, a water outlet for leading out the upper-layer water cavity and a first water hole for communicating the upper-layer water cavity with the lower-layer water cavity are respectively arranged on the body.

Further, a second water hole which is communicated with the lower water cavity and the upper water cavity and can lead to a fuel injector mounting hole arranged in the body to cool the middle lower part of the fuel injector is also formed in the body.

Further, the body is further provided with a third water hole which is communicated with the upper-layer water cavity and the lower-layer water cavity and can lead to a nose bridge area between the body bottom plate and the conical middle clapboard so as to cool the nose bridge area and the nozzle of the oil sprayer.

Furthermore, a fourth water hole which is communicated with the lower-layer water cavity and the upper-layer water cavity and can lead to an exhaust valve seat ring arranged in the body to cool the exhaust valve is also formed in the body.

Further, a sleeve is arranged outside the exhaust valve seat ring, and a cooling water cavity between the sleeve and the exhaust valve seat ring is communicated with the fourth water hole.

Further, the first water hole, the second water hole, the fourth water hole and the third water hole are arranged in the vertical direction of the body from top to bottom.

Further, the rocker arm seat mounting surface arranged on the body is lower than the upper surface of the top plate of the body.

The invention also provides an internal combustion engine, which is applied with the cylinder cover and is a diesel engine.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the bottom plate and the conical middle partition plate of the cylinder cover are designed by the concept of thin-wall strong back, so that back support is strengthened, meanwhile, a double-layer water cavity structure is designed for ensuring forced cooling and integral cooling effects of key positions, the upper water cavity and the lower water cavity are separated by the conical middle partition plate, a drainage and shunting effect is achieved, the use requirements of high power, high detonation pressure and high load in the market can be met, and the cylinder cover has the characteristics of high strength and high reliability.

2. According to the invention, the stainless steel sleeve is added, so that the direct contact of the cooling liquid with the cylinder cover body is prevented, and the cavitation corrosion problem of the exhaust valve seat ring is prevented.

3. According to the invention, through the structural design that the mounting surface of the rocker arm seat is lower than the upper surface of the top plate of the body, the mounting position of the rocker arm seat is sunk in the cylinder cover body, so that a compact design is achieved, the height of a gas distribution system is favorably reduced, the integral rigidity is improved, and the lightweight design is realized.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.

Drawings

For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

fig. 1 is a view showing the outer shape of a cylinder head according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view a-a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D in fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view E-E of fig. 2.

Reference numerals: a body 1; an air inlet channel 2; an exhaust passage 3; a water outlet 4; an upper water chamber 5; a lower water chamber 6; a first water hole 7; a second water hole 8; a third water hole 9; a conical middle partition 10; an injector mounting hole 11; a lubricating oil chamber 12; a fuel inlet passage 13; a pushrod chamber 14; a fourth water hole 15; an intake valve 16; an exhaust valve 17; an intake valve seat ring 18; an exhaust valve seat ring 19; a sleeve 20; a cooling water chamber 21; the lubricant inlet and outlet passage 22; a lubricating oil passing hole 23; the blowby holes 24.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments. Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustration only and are shown by way of illustration only and not in actual form, and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.

The terms referred to in this cylinder head are: the inlet/exhaust passage is a passage for sucking in fresh air and exhausting waste gas after combustion when the internal combustion engine is in combustion. The thin-wall strong back, namely the heated wall surface of the diesel engine combustion chamber component is thin, so as to reduce the thermal stress; a strong support is arranged on the back of the thin wall to reduce mechanical stress. The middle partition plate, a plate structure between the upper top plate and the lower bottom plate of the cylinder head, is used for blocking and guiding the cooling liquid to cool all parts of the cylinder head.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the cylinder head mentioned in the present embodiment includes a body 1, a bottom plate of the body 1 is a thin-walled structure, and the bottom plate is provided with a conical middle partition plate 10 for forming an upper water chamber 5 and a lower water chamber 6 in the body in a direction toward a top plate of the body; therefore, the bottom plate of the body and the conical middle partition plate form a thin-wall strong back structure, the strength of the cylinder cover can be enhanced, the cylinder cover can be cooled well, and high thermal load and mechanical stress can be borne; the body 1 is respectively provided with a water channeling hole 24 for leading in the lower water cavity 6, a water outlet 4 for leading out the upper water cavity 5 and a first water hole 7 for communicating the upper water cavity 5 and the lower water cavity 6; the body 1 is also provided with a second water hole 8 which is communicated with the lower water cavity 6 and the upper water cavity 5 and can lead to a fuel injector mounting hole 11 arranged in the body 1 to cool the middle lower part of a fuel injector (not shown), a third water hole 9 which can lead to a nose bridge area (not marked) between the bottom plate of the body 1 and the conical middle clapboard 10 to cool the nose bridge area and a fuel injector nozzle (not shown), and a fourth water hole 15 which can lead to an exhaust valve seat ring 19 arranged in the body 1 to cool an exhaust valve 17. By adopting the scheme, the cylinder cover forms a reinforced back support structure for the body bottom plate through the conical middle partition plate, the bottom plate is designed to be thin, the cooling is convenient, the thermal stress of a fire surface is reduced, the back adopts the conical middle partition plate structure, the back support is reinforced, the strength is improved, and the mechanical stress is reduced; meanwhile, the double-layer water cavity structure is designed for ensuring the forced cooling and integral cooling effects of key positions, and the upper water cavity and the lower water cavity are separated by the conical middle partition plate, so that the drainage and shunting effects are achieved, the use requirements of high power, high detonation pressure and high load in the market can be met, and the cylinder cover can have the characteristics of high strength and high reliability.

It should be noted that: the cylinder head body 1 is also provided therein with a component structure such as a four-valve structure located at the lower portion of the body and composed of two exhaust valves 17 and two intake valves 16, the four-valve structure being advantageous in improving the charging efficiency; the air inlet channel 2 communicated with the air inlet valve 16 and the air outlet channel 3 communicated with the air outlet valve 17 are arranged on the same side of the body 1, so that the air inlet channel and the air outlet channel are reasonable in design and strong in circulating capacity, and the use requirements of a mechanical pump and a common rail pump diesel engine can be met simultaneously; the exhaust valve 17 is provided with an exhaust valve seat ring 19, the intake valve 16 is provided with an intake valve seat ring 18, an oil injector mounting hole 11 is positioned in the middle of the body and used for mounting an oil injector (not shown) and an oil injector bush (not shown), a lubricating oil inlet and outlet channel 22 and a fuel oil inlet channel 13 are positioned on the upper part of the body and used for communicating the oil injector, a lubricating oil cavity 12 communicated with the lubricating oil inlet and outlet channel 22 through a lubricating oil through oil hole 23, and a push rod chamber 14 communicated with the lubricating oil cavity 12, wherein the oil injector mounting hole is vertical to the center of the cylinder cover, and the valve mounting holes and the cylinder cover bolt holes; the oil injector bush separates a water chamber communicated with the second water hole 8 at the lower part of the oil injector mounting hole from the lubricating oil inlet and outlet channel 22 and the fuel oil inlet channel 13 so as to ensure respective smooth operation.

The inlet valve seat ring 18 in this embodiment is of a non-water cooled construction, while the outlet valve seat ring 19 is of a water cooled construction; meanwhile, a stainless steel sleeve 20 is arranged outside the exhaust valve seat ring 19, and a cooling water cavity 21 between the sleeve 20 and the exhaust valve seat ring 19 is communicated with the fourth water hole 15, so that the cylinder cover body can be prevented from being in direct contact with cooling liquid, and cavitation corrosion is prevented. And the nose bridge area and the oil injector are forcibly cooled by a special channel, so that a good cooling effect is ensured. And first water hole 7, second water hole 8, fourth water hole 15, third water hole 9 are arranged at the vertical top-down of body 1 for the coolant liquid in lower floor's water cavity 6 has the different positions that need the cooling of layering, and key position is through drilling forced cooling promptly, guarantees the good cooling effect of cylinder head, prevents that local thermal stress from concentrating, improves cylinder head factor of safety.

The rocker seat mounting surface G provided on the body 1 in this embodiment is lower than the body top plate upper surface F. The installation position of the rocker arm seat is sunk in the cylinder cover body, so that the compact design is achieved, the height of a gas distribution system is reduced, the integral rigidity is improved, and the lightweight design is realized.

When the cooling device works, the cylinder cover is cooled by adopting a double-layer water cavity structure and comprises a lower-layer water cavity 6 and an upper-layer water cavity 5, and the upper water cavity and the lower water cavity are communicated through connecting water holes. Specifically, the lower water cavity is mainly responsible for cooling the bottom plate of the cylinder cover and the position of the oil sprayer, and the upper water cavity has the largest volume and is mainly responsible for cooling the upper half part of the cylinder cover; cooling water enters the lower-layer water cavity 6 of the cylinder cover through the 4 water channeling holes 24 to cool the bottom plate fire surface of the cylinder cover, and then a part of the cooling water flows 7 into the upper-layer water cavity 5 through the 3 first water holes; one part of the water is collected to the oil injection mounting hole 11 through 4 second water holes 8; one part of the water enters a cooling water cavity 21 formed by the exhaust valve seat ring 19 and a sleeve 20 through a fourth water hole 15 to cool the exhaust valve seat ring 19, and finally the water is collected to the oil sprayer mounting hole 11 to be communicated with the upper-layer water cavity 5; one part of the air flows through 4 third water holes 9 to forcibly cool the nose bridge area and the nozzle of the oil sprayer and then is collected to an oil sprayer mounting hole 11 to be communicated with the upper water cavity 5; and the cooling water in the upper water cavity 5 is finally discharged out of the cylinder cover through the water outlet 4. In addition, the lubricating oil of the cylinder head enters the body 1 through the lubricating oil inlet and outlet passage 22, part of the lubricating oil enters the rocker arm seat (not shown) through the lubricating oil passing hole 23 and reaches the rocker arm shaft, so as to reach each friction pair of the valve train, and finally flows into the lubricating oil cavity 12 of the body 1, and when the lubricating oil is accumulated to a certain liquid level, the lubricating oil enters the push rod chamber 14 through the lubricating oil passage and finally flows into the crankshaft cavity and the oil pan through the camshaft cavity. The other part cools the oil injector through the lubricating oil inlet and outlet channel 22, returns to the cylinder head through an oil return channel of the oil injector, and is finally led out of the cylinder head through a pipeline.

The height-diameter ratio of the cylinder cover is increased, the rigidity of the cylinder cover is improved, the deformation of the cylinder cover is reduced, the sealing is ensured, the universal blank of machinery and a common rail is met, the investment is reduced, and the cylinder cover has the characteristics of high strength, high reliability and compact structure; through the design of the conical middle partition plate, the reinforced back support is carried out on the bottom plate of the thin-wall structure, the height-diameter ratio of the cylinder cover is increased, the blank which can be used commonly by the mechanical pump and the common rail pump cylinder cover is ensured, the rigidity of the cylinder cover is improved, the structure optimization design of an air inlet channel and an air exhaust channel is facilitated, and the circulation capacity of a mechanical diesel engine and a common rail diesel engine can be met simultaneously through the air blowing test check; the water cooling channels in various forms such as the double-layer upper and lower water cavity structures, the bottom plate drilling and the like ensure that the cylinder cover can be sufficiently cooled under the conditions of high detonation pressure and high heat load; finally, the installation position of the rocker arm seat is sunk in the cylinder cover, so that the height of the gas distribution system can be effectively reduced, and the rigidity of the gas distribution system is improved.

The invention also provides an internal combustion engine using the cylinder cover, and the internal combustion engine is a diesel engine.

Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.