阅读说明：本技术 一种纤维素纤维的连续改性和染色方法 (Continuous modification and dyeing method of cellulose fiber ) 是由 侯凯文 房宽峻 赵书孝 李田田 沈允涛 林凯 房磊 于志辉 范全成 张靖宇 于 2020-07-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种纤维素纤维的连续改性和染色方法。本发明采用连续式工艺,在改性过程中,提高了改性剂的利用率,降低其水解,改性均匀；在染色过程中消除了碱和盐的使用,染料不会水解,染色均匀,不会色花,本工艺的染料利用率最高可达100％,染色后不需要水洗,降低了印染废水中染料的含量及生产成本,对环境的保护有着积极的影响；由于染色后水洗不掉色,达到染色后可不水洗直接烘干,节水节能。(The invention provides a continuous modification and dyeing method of cellulose fiber. The invention adopts a continuous process, improves the utilization rate of the modifier, reduces the hydrolysis of the modifier and realizes uniform modification in the modification process; the use of alkali and salt is eliminated in the dyeing process, the dye cannot be hydrolyzed, the dyeing is uniform, the dyeing is not colored, the utilization rate of the dye can reach 100 percent at most, the washing after the dyeing is not needed, the content and the production cost of the dye in the printing and dyeing wastewater are reduced, and the positive influence on the environmental protection is realized; because the dyeing is not faded after washing, the dyeing can be directly dried without washing, thereby saving water and energy.)

1. A continuous modification and dyeing process of cellulose fibres, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

modifying cellulose fibers by adopting a continuous spray-rolling modification solution, then stacking at a low temperature, and then sequentially carrying out continuous washing, neutralization, continuous spray-rolling dyeing and drying;

the mass ratio of the cellulose fibers to the modification solution is 1: (1-2);

the modifier in the modifying solution is selected from one or more of s-triazinyl quaternary ammonium salt compounds, polyamide epichlorohydrin resin, nitrogen heterocyclic cationic compounds, 2, 3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cellulose fiber is a cake fiber without pretreatment, and has a basis weight of 100 to 300g/m²。

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the modifying solution is a solution obtained by mixing an aqueous solution of a modifying agent and an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide according to a volume ratio of 1 (0.8-1.5);

the concentration of the modifier solution is 150-200 g/L;

the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 30-60 g/L.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the modification method is: continuously spraying the modified solution on the cake-shaped fibers clamped by the mesh belt, and finishing the cake-shaped fibers by rolling with a padder, wherein the speed of the padder is 5-20m/min, the pressure of the padder is 2-5 kg, and the liquid carrying rate is 60-100%; the mesh number of the mesh belt is 60-200 meshes.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the low temperature stacking is performed at a temperature of 25 to 30 ℃ for 16 to 24 hours.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the continuous water washing method is: and (3) clamping the modified cake-shaped fiber by a mesh belt, carrying out continuous spray-rolling washing, wherein the speed of the vehicle is 5-20m/min, the pressure of a padder is 2-5 kg, the liquid carrying rate is 60-100%, washing the modified cake-shaped fiber with water until the pH value is 5.5-7.5, and directly carrying out continuous spray-rolling dyeing without drying after washing.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the continuous jet-pad dyeing method comprises the following steps: and spraying the dyeing solution on the cake-shaped fibers clamped by the mesh belt, wherein the speed is 5-20m/min, the padder pressure is 2-5 kg, the liquid carrying rate is 60-100%, and the mixture is piled for 2-15 hours at the temperature of 25-30 ℃.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the dye solution is an aqueous solution of a reactive dye with a concentration of 0.5-5%, and the reactive dye is a vinyl sulfone type or s-triazine type reactive dye;

the mass ratio of the cellulose fibers to the dye liquor is 1: (1-2).

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the drying is 80-100 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of textile printing and dyeing, and particularly relates to a continuous modification and dyeing method of cellulose fibers.

Background

The traditional cellulose fiber dyeing process has low dye-uptake and more floating colors, and a large amount of inorganic salt must be added into a dye solution in order to overcome charge barrier in the dyeing process so as to improve the dye-uptake; in order to achieve the purpose of color fixation, hydroxyl groups on cellulose need to be ionized under a strong alkaline condition, so a large amount of soda ash needs to be added into the dye liquor in the later period of dyeing. The treatment of inorganic salt and alkali is a difficult problem which is always puzzled in the industry, a large amount of inorganic salt which cannot be recovered and is difficult to degrade is discharged into rivers and lakes to seriously pollute the water quality, and the salt has high permeability, so that the salinization of surrounding soil is realized, and the problem which is very troublesome in environmental protection is solved; in addition, the utilization rate of the dye in the traditional salt and strong alkali dye liquor is very low, hydrolysis and the like occur in the color fixing process under strong alkali, a large amount of dye is wasted, and a lot of dark color fabrics cannot meet the requirements. Therefore, a large amount of dye, salt and alkali are remained in the discharged dyeing liquid, the treatment difficulty is high, the cost is high, the difficulty which troubles the printing and dyeing industry is caused, and the bottleneck which restricts the development of the printing and dyeing industry is also caused. To solve this problem, cationic modification of the cellulose fibers or reactive dyes is required.

In order to reduce the use of inorganic salt in reactive dye dyeing, the dye molecules are modified to have cationic groups and positive charges in aqueous solution, so that the affinity of the dye molecules with cellulose fibers is increased, and low-salt or salt-free dyeing is realized. Another method is to modify the cellulose fibers and cationize the cellulose fibers before dyeing to have a positive charge, thereby increasing the affinity with the dye molecules and ultimately achieving low-salt or salt-free dyeing.

In summary, the conventional methods basically exhaust the modification and dyeing of cellulose fibers, the modifier is easily decomposed under alkaline conditions, the utilization rate is too low, the modification is not uniform, dyeing is easy to generate dyeing defects, salt-free dyeing can be realized, but the chroma of dyeing residual liquid is high, the pollution is still caused, the time is long, and the labor is large.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a continuous modification and dyeing method for cellulose fibers, wherein the continuous spray-rolling modification and dyeing are adopted, such that an auxiliary agent and a dye are saved with a very small bath ratio, the modification degree is high, the dyeing is uniform, and no water washing is required after the dyeing.

The invention provides a continuous modification and dyeing method of cellulose fiber, which comprises the following steps:

modifying cellulose fibers by adopting a continuous spray-rolling modification solution, then stacking at a low temperature, and then sequentially carrying out continuous washing, neutralization, continuous spray-rolling dyeing and drying;

the mass ratio of the cellulose fibers to the modification solution is 1: (1-2);

the modifier in the modifying solution is selected from one or more of s-triazinyl quaternary ammonium salt compounds, polyamide epichlorohydrin resin, nitrogen heterocyclic cationic compounds, 2, 3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride.

Preferably, the cellulose fiber is cake-shaped fiber without pretreatment, and the gram weight of the cellulose fiber is 100-300 g/m²。

Preferably, the modifying solution is a solution obtained by mixing an aqueous solution of a modifying agent and an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide according to a volume ratio of 1 (0.8-1.5);

the concentration of the modifier solution is 150-200 g/L;

the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 30-60 g/L.

Preferably, the modification method comprises the following steps: continuously spraying the modified solution on the cake-shaped fibers clamped by the mesh belt, and finishing the cake-shaped fibers by rolling with a padder, wherein the speed of the padder is 5-20m/min, the pressure of the padder is 2-5 kg, and the liquid carrying rate is 60-100%; the mesh number of the mesh belt is 60-200 meshes.

Preferably, the low-temperature stacking temperature is 25-30 ℃ and the time is 16-24 hours.

Preferably, the continuous water washing method comprises the following steps: and (3) clamping the modified cake-shaped fiber by a mesh belt, carrying out continuous spray-rolling washing, wherein the speed of the vehicle is 5-20m/min, the pressure of a padder is 2-5 kg, the liquid carrying rate is 60-100%, washing the modified cake-shaped fiber with water until the pH value is 5.5-7.5, and directly carrying out continuous spray-rolling dyeing without drying after washing.

Preferably, the continuous spray-rolling dyeing method comprises the following steps: and spraying the dyeing solution on the cake-shaped fibers clamped by the mesh belt, wherein the speed is 5-20m/min, the padder pressure is 2-5 kg, the liquid carrying rate is 60-100%, and the mixture is piled for 2-15 hours at the temperature of 25-30 ℃.

Preferably, the dye solution is an aqueous solution of a reactive dye, the concentration of the aqueous solution is 0.5-5%, and the reactive dye is a vinyl sulfone type or s-triazine type reactive dye;

the mass ratio of the cellulose fibers to the dye liquor is 1: (1-2).

Preferably, the drying temperature is 80-100 ℃.

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a continuous modification and dyeing method of cellulose fiber, which comprises the following steps: modifying the cellulose fiber by continuous spray-rolling modification solution, stacking at low temperature, and then sequentially carrying out continuous washing, neutralization, continuous spray-rolling dyeing and drying; the mass ratio of the cellulose fibers to the modification solution is 1: (1-2); the modifier in the modifying solution is selected from one or more of s-triazinyl quaternary ammonium salt compounds, polyamide epichlorohydrin resin, nitrogen heterocyclic cationic compounds, 2, 3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride.

The invention adopts a continuous process, improves the utilization rate of the modifier, reduces the hydrolysis of the modifier and realizes uniform modification in the modification process; the use of alkali and salt is eliminated in the dyeing process, the dye cannot be hydrolyzed, the dyeing is uniform, the dyeing is not colored, the utilization rate of the dye can reach 100 percent at most, the washing after the dyeing is not needed, the content and the production cost of the dye in the printing and dyeing wastewater are reduced, and the positive influence on the environmental protection is realized; because the dyeing is not faded after washing, the dyeing can be directly dried without washing, thereby saving water and energy.

The result shows that the dye-uptake of the invention is higher than that of the conventional fiber dyeing process, the dye dosage is low, simultaneously, salt and alkali are not needed to be added during dyeing, the dye and the auxiliary agent are saved, compared with the batch modification process, the modification degree is high, the decomposition of the modifier is reduced, the utilization rate is high, the dyeing is uniform, the time is greatly shortened, and the labor is saved.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a continuous modification and dyeing method of cellulose fiber, which comprises the following steps:

modifying cellulose fibers by adopting a continuous spray-rolling modification solution, then stacking at a low temperature, and then sequentially carrying out continuous washing, neutralization, continuous spray-rolling dyeing and drying;

the mass ratio of the cellulose fibers to the modification solution is 1: (1-2);

the modifier in the modifying solution is selected from one or more of s-triazinyl quaternary ammonium salt compounds, polyamide epichlorohydrin resin, nitrogen heterocyclic cationic compounds, 2, 3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride.

The invention takes cellulose fiber as a dyeing object, wherein the cellulose fiber is cake-shaped fiber without pretreatment, and the gram weight is 100-300 g/m²。

The cellulose fiber is modified by adopting a continuous spray-rolling modification solution, wherein a modifier in the modification solution is selected from one or more of s-triazine quaternary ammonium salt compounds, polyamide epichlorohydrin resin, nitrogen heterocyclic cationic compounds, 2, 3-epoxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride, and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride or 2, 3-epoxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride is preferred.

The modifying solution is obtained by mixing an aqueous solution of a modifying agent and an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide according to the volume ratio of 1 (0.8-1.5), and preferably 1 (1.0-1.3);

the concentration of the modifier solution is 150-200 g/L, preferably 160-190 g/L;

the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 30-60 g/L, and preferably 40-50 g/L.

In the invention, the modification method comprises the following steps: continuously spraying the modified solution on the cake-shaped fiber clamped by the mesh belt, and rolling and finishing the cake-shaped fiber by a padder, wherein the speed is 5-20m/min, preferably 10-15 m/min, the pressure of the padder is 2-5 kg, preferably 3-4 kg, and the liquid carrying rate is 60% -100%, preferably 70% -90%; the mesh belt is made of nylon, and the mesh number of the mesh belt is 60-200 meshes, preferably 100-150 meshes.

After modification, modified cellulose fibers are obtained, and then the cellulose fibers are stacked at low temperature. The low-temperature stacking temperature is 25-30 ℃, the time is 16-24 hours, and the preferable time is 18-20 hours.

And then continuously washing the cellulose fiber subjected to low-temperature stacking with water, wherein the continuous washing method comprises the following steps: carrying out continuous spray-rolling washing on the modified cake-shaped fiber clamped by the mesh belt, wherein the speed of the mesh belt is 5-20m/min, preferably 10-15 m/min, the pressure of a padder is 2-5 kg, preferably 3-4 kg, and the liquid carrying rate is 60-100%, preferably 70-90%; and (3) washing the modified cake-shaped fiber with water until the pH value is 5.5-7.5, and directly carrying out continuous jet-rolling dyeing without drying after washing with water.

The continuous spray pad dyeing method comprises the following steps: spraying a dyeing solution on the cake-shaped fibers clamped by the mesh belt, wherein the speed is 5-20m/min, preferably 10-15 m/min, the pressure of a padder is 2-5 kg, preferably 3-4 kg, and the solution carrying rate is 60-100%, preferably 70-90%; piling for 2-15 hours at 25-30 ℃, and directly drying without washing to obtain the dyed fiber.

The dye solution is an aqueous solution of a reactive dye, the concentration is 0.5 wt% -5 wt%, and the reactive dye is a vinyl sulfone type or s-triazine type reactive dye;

the mass ratio of the cellulose fibers to the dye liquor is 1: (1-2), wherein the cellulose fibers are original unmodified cellulose fibers.

The drying temperature is 80-100 ℃.

The invention adopts a continuous process, improves the utilization rate of the modifier, reduces the hydrolysis of the modifier and realizes uniform modification in the modification process; the use of alkali and salt is eliminated in the dyeing process, the dye cannot be hydrolyzed, the dyeing is uniform, the dyeing is not colored, the utilization rate of the dye can reach 100 percent at most, the washing after the dyeing is not needed, the content and the production cost of the dye in the printing and dyeing wastewater are reduced, and the positive influence on the environmental protection is realized; because the dyeing is not faded after washing, the dyeing can be directly dried without washing, thereby saving water and energy.

The result shows that the dye-uptake of the invention is higher than that of the conventional fiber dyeing process, the dye dosage is low, simultaneously, salt and alkali are not needed to be added during dyeing, the dye and the auxiliary agent are saved, compared with the batch modification process, the modification degree is high, the decomposition of the modifier is reduced, the utilization rate is high, the dyeing is uniform, the time is greatly shortened, and the labor is saved.

For further understanding of the present invention, the following examples are provided to illustrate a continuous modification and dyeing method of cellulose fiber, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.