阅读说明：本技术 一种前端动力型水力大直径分级造穴卸压增透装置及方法 (Front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading cave-making pressure-relief permeability-increasing device and method ) 是由 仇海生 曹垚林 徐成 王宇鹍 孙娜 郭怀广 赵洪瑞 张开加 董全 于 2020-06-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及水力大直径分级造穴卸压增透技术领域,一种前端动力型水力大直径分级造穴卸压增透装置,其中电动机供电装置设置在前端防爆电动机的尾部并与前端防爆电动机电性连接,第一传动锥齿轮通过驱动转轴径向安装在壳体内,且第一传动锥齿轮和电动机传动锥齿轮啮合,驱动圆柱齿轮与第一传动锥齿轮安装在同一转轴上,导水传动轴通过轴承安装在壳体内,且传动圆柱齿轮安装在导水传动轴上,射流组件尾部安装在导水传动轴中部且两者内部连通,传动链条绕装在驱动圆柱齿轮和传动圆柱齿轮外侧。本装置可实现多次分级立体冲孔造穴,扩大钻孔的卸压范围,提高卸压增透防突效果。另外本发明还提出了一种前端动力型水力大直径分级造穴卸压增透方法。(The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic large-diameter grading, cave-making, pressure-releasing and permeability-increasing, in particular to a front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading, cave-making, pressure-releasing and permeability-increasing device, wherein a motor power supply device is arranged at the tail part of a front-end explosion-proof motor and is electrically connected with the front-end explosion-proof motor, a first transmission bevel gear is radially arranged in a shell through a driving rotating shaft and is meshed with a transmission bevel gear of the motor, a driving cylindrical gear and the first transmission bevel gear are arranged on the same rotating shaft, a water guide transmission shaft is arranged in the shell through a bearing, a transmission cylindrical gear is arranged on the water guide transmission shaft, the tail part of a jet assembly is arranged in the middle of the water guide transmission shaft and is communicated with the inside of the water. The device can realize multiple grading three-dimensional punching and cave making, enlarge the pressure relief range of drilling and improve the pressure relief, permeability increase and outburst prevention effects. In addition, the invention also provides a front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading hole-making pressure-relief permeability-increasing method.)

1. A front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading cave-making pressure-relief permeability-increasing device is characterized in that: the grading hole making drill bit comprises a shell, wherein a motor power supply device, a front end explosion-proof motor, a motor transmission bevel gear, a first transmission bevel gear, a driving cylindrical gear and a transmission chain are arranged in the shell, the grading hole making drill bit also comprises at least one group of transmission cylindrical gears, a water guide transmission shaft and a jet assembly, the motor power supply device is arranged at the tail part of the front end explosion-proof motor and is electrically connected with the front end explosion-proof motor, an axial retractable motor switch used for triggering the motor power supply device to supply power to the front end explosion-proof motor is arranged at the tail part of the motor power supply device, and the motor transmission bevel gear is connected at the power output end of the front end explosion-proof motor, the first transmission bevel gear is radially arranged in the shell through a driving rotating shaft, the first transmission bevel gear is meshed with the motor transmission bevel gear, and the driving cylindrical gear and the first transmission bevel gear are arranged on the same rotating shaft; the water guide transmission shaft is installed in the shell through a bearing, the transmission cylindrical gear is installed on the water guide transmission shaft, the tail portion of the jet flow assembly is installed in the middle of the water guide transmission shaft, the water guide transmission shaft and the jet flow assembly are communicated with each other, a water guide pipeline used for guiding water in the drill rod into the water guide transmission shaft is arranged in the shell, and the transmission chain is wound on the outer sides of the driving cylindrical gear and the transmission cylindrical gear.

2. The front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading, cave-making, pressure-releasing and anti-reflection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the casing front end extends and forms two installation splint that the subtend set up, and this installation splint inside cavity, and the inside cavity of installation splint and with the inside intercommunication of casing, water guide transmission shaft perpendicular to installation splint.

3. The front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading, cave-making, pressure-releasing and anti-reflection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the water guide transmission shaft is provided with a protruding part, the grading hole making drill bit further comprises a spring magnetic separation blade, the upper portion of the spring magnetic separation blade is provided with a spring separation blade, the bottom of the spring separation blade is provided with a magnet, the spring separation blade is fixed on the outer wall of the installation clamping plate, and the middle portion of the spring magnetic separation blade is located on a rotating path of the protruding part of the water guide transmission shaft.

4. The front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading, cave-making, pressure-releasing and anti-reflection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the jet assembly is positioned in the middle of the two mounting clamping plates.

5. The front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading, cave-making, pressure-releasing and anti-reflection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the jet flow component comprises a jet flow rod, a jet flow extension rod and a jet flow nozzle, wherein the tail part of the jet flow rod is fixedly connected with the water guide transmission shaft, the jet flow extension rod is connected with the jet flow rod in a threaded manner, and the jet flow nozzle is connected with the head part of the jet flow extension rod in a threaded manner.

6. The front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading, cave-making, pressure-releasing and anti-reflection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transmission cylindrical gear, the water guide transmission shaft and the jet assembly are provided with 2-5 groups.

7. The front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading, cave-making, pressure-releasing and anti-reflection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the motor protection shell is arranged in the shell, the motor power supply device and the front-end explosion-proof motor are arranged inside the motor protection shell, and the axially retractable motor switch is arranged on the tail end face of the motor protection shell.

8. A front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading hole-making, pressure-releasing and permeability-increasing method is characterized in that the front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading hole-making, pressure-releasing and permeability-increasing device according to any one of claim 3 is used, and the method comprises the following steps:

step 1: before the hydraulic large-diameter grading cave-making pressure-relief anti-reflection device is used for cave-making operation, a drilling system forms a drill hole with a preset size in a coal body, and a front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading cave-making drill bit is pushed to a cave-making working position through a plurality of drill rods;

step 2: injecting high-pressure water into the grading hole making drill bit through a drill rod by using a high-pressure water supply system, wherein the high-pressure water acts on an axial retractable motor switch, when the axial retractable threshold of the axial retractable motor switch is exceeded, the axial retractable motor switch is communicated with a series circuit of a front-end explosion-proof motor and a motor power supply device, the front-end explosion-proof motor starts to work to drive the front-end explosion-proof motor to drive a bevel gear to transversely rotate so as to drive a first transmission bevel gear to longitudinally rotate, and the first transmission bevel gear drives a water guide transmission shaft and a jet flow assembly to longitudinally rotate through a driving cylindrical gear, a transmission cylindrical gear and a transmission chain; meanwhile, high-pressure water is sprayed out at high pressure through the water guide pipeline, the water guide transmission shaft and the jet assembly;

and step 3: when the jet flow assembly rotates longitudinally, the drilling machine drives the front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading hole-making drill bit to rotate radially through the drill rod respectively through the drill rod holder, and then the jet flow assembly is driven to rotate radially, so that the three-dimensional hole making at the position is completed.

9. The front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading, cave-making, pressure-releasing and permeability-increasing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: step 4 is carried out after step 3,

and 4, step 4: and (3) stopping water supply of the high-pressure water supply system, resetting and bouncing the switch of the axial retractable motor, stopping the front-end explosion-proof motor, realizing the centering of the jet flow assembly through the blocking and magnetic attraction effects of the spring magnetic separation blade on the water guide transmission shaft, continuously pushing the grading cave-making drill bit to the next cave-making working position, and repeating the steps 1-3 to finish full-coal-thickness continuous cave making.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic large-diameter grading, cave-making, pressure-releasing and permeability increasing, in particular to a front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading, cave-making, pressure-releasing and permeability increasing device and method.

Background

Coal mine gas (coal bed gas) is one of important unconventional natural gas resources, and when coal bed gas of a high-gas coal bed is extracted and exploited under a coal mine, whether the good effect of the extraction and exploitation of the coal bed gas of the non-pressure-relief coal bed can be obtained mainly depends on the permeability of the coal bed. However, coal seams in most mining areas in China belong to high-gas low-permeability coal seams, the coal quality is soft, the permeability is poor, and the permeability is only 10^-4-10^-3And mD, because the permeability of the coal bed directly determines the extraction and utilization efficiency of coal mine gas (coal bed gas), solving the problem that the coal bed gas of a low-permeability coal bed is difficult to extract becomes a key link for ensuring the safety production of a coal mine and improving the yield and the utilization rate of the coal bed gas. Research and development of technologies and equipment for improving permeability of a low permeability coal seam and increasing yield of coal bed gas become a difficult and urgent task, so research and development of key technologies and equipment for improving permeability of a coal seam underground which is difficult to pump become an important task to be developed urgently.

Hydraulic cave making means that a great amount of coal and gas are flushed out by high-pressure water jet by drilling holes along or through a layer into the coal, a plurality of caverns with larger diameters are formed, and a certain pressure relief gas discharge area is formed in the coal. On one hand, the measure is used for crushing and flushing out a large amount of soft coal bodies in the hydraulic hole making process, thereby playing a role in reducing the ground stress of the coal bodies; on the other hand, the exposed area of the coal seam is increased by the cave formed in the coal seam, and a huge fracture network is formed around the cave, so that a wide space is provided for gas migration and extraction, the permeability of the coal seam is improved, and the gas extraction efficiency and the gas extraction amount can be effectively improved.

The hydraulic punching and cave-making technology is an effective mode for pressure relief and permeability increase of a low-permeability coal seam, after the coal seam enters a deep part, the permeability of the coal seam is further reduced, the ground stress is increased, and the effect of extraction outburst prevention can be ensured only by adopting pressure relief and permeability increase measures with higher strength. For the hydraulic punching and hole making technology, holes with larger radius need to be manufactured. The current hydraulic punching and hole-making technology is limited by a punching method, equipment capability and structure, the maximum hole-making radius is limited and generally does not exceed 0.5 m.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading hole-making pressure-relief and permeability-increasing device provided by the invention changes the punching process, realizes multiple grading and three-dimensional hole-making, breaks through the limit of hole-making radius of the conventional hydraulic hole-making method, expands the pressure-relief range of drilling and improves the pressure-relief, permeability-increasing and outburst-prevention effects. In addition, the invention also provides a front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading hole-making pressure-relief permeability-increasing method.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

in a first technical scheme, the front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading hole-making pressure-relief anti-reflection device comprises a drill rod, a grading hole-making drill bit and a high-pressure water supply system, wherein the grading hole-making drill bit is arranged at the front end of the drill rod, the high-pressure water supply system is connected to the tail end of the drill rod and supplies water to the interior of the drill rod, the grading hole-making drill bit comprises a shell, a motor power supply device, a front-end explosion-proof motor, a motor transmission bevel gear, a first transmission bevel gear, a driving cylindrical gear and a transmission chain are arranged in the shell, the grading hole-making drill bit further comprises at least one group of transmission cylindrical gear, a water guide transmission shaft and a jet assembly, the motor power supply device is arranged at the tail part of the front-end explosion-proof motor and is electrically connected with the front-end explosion-proof motor, and an axial retractable motor, the motor transmission bevel gear is connected with the power output end of the front-end explosion-proof motor, the first transmission bevel gear is radially arranged in the shell through a driving rotating shaft, the first transmission bevel gear is meshed with the motor transmission bevel gear, and the driving cylindrical gear and the first transmission bevel gear are arranged on the same rotating shaft; the water guide transmission shaft is installed in the shell through a bearing, the transmission cylindrical gear is installed on the water guide transmission shaft, the tail portion of the jet flow assembly is installed in the middle of the water guide transmission shaft, the water guide transmission shaft and the jet flow assembly are communicated with each other, a water guide pipeline used for guiding water in the drill rod into the water guide transmission shaft is arranged in the shell, and the transmission chain is wound on the outer sides of the driving cylindrical gear and the transmission cylindrical gear.

In the first technical solution, preferably, the front end of the housing extends to form two oppositely arranged installation clamping plates, the installation clamping plates are hollow and communicated with the interior of the housing, and the water guide transmission shaft is perpendicular to the installation clamping plates.

In a first technical scheme, as preferred, the water guide transmission shaft has the bulge, hierarchical cave-making drill bit still includes spring magnetic separation blade, and spring magnetic separation blade upper portion is spring separation blade, and spring separation blade bottom has the magnetite, and spring separation blade fixes at the installation splint outer wall, and spring magnetic separation blade middle part is located water guide transmission shaft bulge on the path of rotation.

In the first solution, the fluidic assembly is preferably located in the middle of the two mounting jaws.

In the first technical scheme, as preferred, the efflux subassembly includes efflux pole, efflux extension bar and efflux nozzle, wherein efflux pole afterbody and water guide transmission shaft fixed connection, the efflux extension bar is located and meets with efflux pole screw thread, efflux nozzle and efflux extension bar head threaded connection.

In the first technical scheme, the transmission cylindrical gear, the water guide transmission shaft and the jet assembly preferably have 2-5 groups.

In the first technical solution, preferably, a motor protection shell is provided in the housing, the motor power supply device and the front end explosion-proof motor are arranged inside the motor protection shell, and the axially retractable motor switch is arranged on the end face of the tail part of the motor protection shell.

In a second technical solution, a front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter stepped hole-making, pressure-releasing and permeability-increasing method using the front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter stepped hole-making, pressure-releasing and permeability-increasing device as described in the first technical solution includes the following steps:

step 1: before the hydraulic large-diameter grading cave-making pressure-relief anti-reflection device is used for cave-making operation, a drilling system forms a drill hole with a preset size in a coal body, and a front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading cave-making drill bit is pushed to a cave-making working position through a plurality of drill rods;

step 2: injecting high-pressure water into the grading hole making drill bit through a drill rod by using a high-pressure water supply system, wherein the high-pressure water acts on an axial retractable motor switch, when the axial retractable threshold of the axial retractable motor switch is exceeded, the axial retractable motor switch is communicated with a series circuit of a front-end explosion-proof motor and a motor power supply device, the front-end explosion-proof motor starts to work to drive the front-end explosion-proof motor to drive a bevel gear to transversely rotate so as to drive a first transmission bevel gear to longitudinally rotate, and the first transmission bevel gear drives a water guide transmission shaft and a jet flow assembly to longitudinally rotate through a driving cylindrical gear, a transmission cylindrical gear and a transmission chain; meanwhile, high-pressure water is sprayed out at high pressure through the water guide pipeline, the water guide transmission shaft and the jet assembly;

and step 3: when the jet flow assembly rotates longitudinally, the drilling machine drives the front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading hole-making drill bit to rotate radially through the drill rod respectively through the drill rod holder, and then the jet flow assembly is driven to rotate radially, so that the three-dimensional hole making at the position is completed.

In the second embodiment, it is preferable that step 4 is carried out after step 3,

and 4, step 4: and (3) stopping water supply of the high-pressure water supply system, resetting and bouncing the switch of the axial retractable motor, stopping the front-end explosion-proof motor, realizing the centering of the jet flow assembly through the blocking and magnetic attraction effects of the spring magnetic separation blade on the water guide transmission shaft, continuously pushing the grading cave-making drill bit to the next cave-making working position, and repeating the steps 1-3 to finish full-coal-thickness continuous cave making.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

the invention provides a large-diameter hydraulic grading cave-making and permeability-increasing method and a cave-making device, which are mainly used for large-diameter cave making in the hydraulic punching and permeability-increasing process of an underground coal seam, can realize grading cave making by disassembling a lengthened jet flow rod, can realize three-dimensional cave making by transverse rotation of the drill rod and longitudinal rotation of a jet flow device, and have the advantages of large pressure relief area, simplicity in operation, sufficient power, high cave-making speed, easiness in control and the like.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transmission structure of a grading hole-making drill bit in the front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading hole-making pressure-relief permeability-increasing device.

Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of a transmission structure of a grading hole making drill bit in the front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading hole making pressure relief permeability increasing device.

FIG. 3 is an overall schematic view of the front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading cavitation pressure-relief permeability-increasing device of the invention.

The reference numerals include:

1-drilling, 2-grading hole making drill bit, 3-axial retractable motor switch, 4-motor power supply device, 5-motor protective shell, 6-front end explosion-proof motor, 7-water guide pipeline, 8-motor drive bevel gear, 9-first drive shaft, 10-drive cylindrical gear, 11-drive chain, 12-second water guide drive shaft, 13-first jet flow rod, 14-first jet flow extension rod, 15-first jet flow nozzle, 16-first drive bevel gear, 17-second drive cylindrical gear, 19-third drive cylindrical gear, 20-third water guide drive shaft, 21-second jet flow rod, 22-second jet flow extension rod, 23-second jet flow nozzle, 24-end bearing, 25-spring magnetic retaining plate, 26-mounting clamping plate, 31-high-pressure water injection pump, 32-high-pressure-resistant water tail, 33-drill rod, 34-first clamp and 35-second clamp.

Detailed Description

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present technical solution more clear, the present technical solution is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the description is intended to be exemplary only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present teachings.