阅读说明：本技术 放气活门及采用其的压气机放气控制系统、航空发动机 (Air bleeding valve, air compressor air bleeding control system adopting air bleeding valve and aircraft engine ) 是由 盛柏林 李琼 曾维 高吉新 余恺 关醒雯 吴学深 于 2020-06-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种放气活门及具有其的压气机放气控制系统、航空发动机。本发明的放气活门采用压气机集气室内的气体作为控制介质,取消了原来的放气结构的8根油压控制管路,有利于实现发动机的小型化设计,整体结构紧凑,其外形不会与飞机其余部件存在干涉,便于安装使用,并且,通过电子控制器控制电磁铁组件通断电即可控制活门打开或者关闭,实现了电子控制功能,使压气机放气更加灵活,可以很好地满足发动机的电子化控制要求。(The invention discloses an air bleeding valve, an air compressor air bleeding control system with the air bleeding valve and an aircraft engine with the air bleeding control system. The air bleeding valve of the invention adopts the gas in the air collecting chamber of the air compressor as a control medium, eliminates 8 oil pressure control pipelines of the original air bleeding structure, is beneficial to realizing the miniaturization design of the engine, has compact integral structure, does not interfere with other parts of the airplane in the shape, is convenient to install and use, can control the valve to open or close by controlling the electromagnet assembly to be powered on or off through an electronic controller, realizes the electronic control function, enables the air bleeding of the air compressor to be more flexible, and can well meet the electronic control requirement of the engine.)

1. An air bleed valve is used for air bleed on the air collecting chamber of any stage of air compressor, and is characterized in that,

comprises an electromagnet assembly (1), an upper shell (2), a base (3), a valve (4), a guide sleeve (6), a steel ball (7), a push rod (8), an iron core spring (9) and a valve spring (10), wherein the base (3) is fixedly arranged on a gas collection chamber of a gas compressor, the upper shell (2) is fixedly arranged on the base (3), the valve (4) is arranged between the base (3) and the upper shell (2) and can slide up and down, a gap between the valve (4) and the upper shell (2) forms a cavity (12), the guide sleeve (6), the steel ball (7), the push rod (8), the iron core spring (9) and the valve spring (10) are all positioned in the upper shell (2), one end of the iron core spring (9) is abutted against the shell of the electromagnet assembly (1), and the other end is abutted against an iron core (101) in the electromagnet assembly (1), one end of the valve spring (10) abuts against the upper shell (2), and the other end of the valve spring abuts against the valve (4);

the electromagnet assembly (1) is fixedly arranged on the upper shell (2), part of the electromagnet assembly (1) extends into the upper shell (2) and presses the guide sleeve (6) to be fixed, a gap exists between the electromagnet assembly (1) and the upper shell (2), one end of the ejector rod (8) is fixedly connected with the iron core (101), the other end of the ejector rod is fixedly connected with the steel ball (7), the upper shell (2) is provided with a first through hole (21) which penetrates in the radial direction, the guide sleeve (6) is provided with a second through hole (61) which penetrates in the axial direction and a third through hole (62) which penetrates in the radial direction, the second through hole and the third through hole are communicated with each other, the third through hole (62) is communicated with the first through hole (21), the ejector rod (8) is positioned in the second through hole (61) and can move up and down in the second through hole (61), the steel ball (7) is positioned in the third through hole (62) and is used for, when electromagnet assembly (1) circular telegram, ejector pin (8) and steel ball (7) are along with iron core (101) rebound together, the upper segment of second through-hole (61) is sealed in steel ball (7), when electromagnet assembly (1) outage, ejector pin (8) and steel ball (7) are along with iron core (101) rebound together, the hypomere of second through-hole (61) is sealed in steel ball (7), and electronic controller controls valve (4) through controlling electromagnet assembly (1) outage and opens or close.

2. Deflation valve according to claim 1,

in an initial state, the iron core spring (9) and the valve spring (10) are both in a compressed state, the valve spring (10) presses the valve (4) downwards to be completely opened, the iron core spring (9) presses the iron core (101) downwards, and the steel ball (7) moves downwards along with the iron core (101) and the ejector rod (8) to seal the lower section of the second through hole (61);

when the engine speed is less than 10%, the valve (4) is kept in a fully opened state under the action of the valve spring (10).

3. Deflation valve according to claim 1,

still include valve switch response subassembly (11), valve switch response subassembly (11) include movable rod (111) and micro-gap switch (112), micro-gap switch (112) fixed mounting on last casing (2) and with electronic controller electric connection, movable rod (111) are connected on valve (4), when valve (4) are opened, movable rod (111) move down and touch micro-gap switch (112) along with valve (4) together, and micro-gap switch (112) switch-on, when valve (4) were closed, thereby movable rod (111) upwards move along with valve (4) and break away from micro-gap switch (112), and micro-gap switch (112) disconnection, electronic controller obtain the position state of valve (4) through the break-make electrical signal that detects micro-gap switch (112) feedback.

4. Deflation valve according to claim 1,

the filter screen (5) is fixed on the guide sleeve (6) and used for preventing impurities from entering the second through hole (61) from the gas collection chamber of the compressor.

5. A bleeder valve as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4,

and the air bleeding valves are respectively arranged on the fifth stage and the eighth stage of the air compressor.

6. An air bleeding control system of a compressor using the air bleeding valve as claimed in claim 5,

the compressor bleed air control system comprises:

a rotational speed sensor for measuring an engine rotational speed;

and the electronic controller is used for controlling the on-off state of the electromagnet assemblies (1) in the fifth-stage air release valve and the eighth-stage air release valve on the air compressor according to the detection result of the rotating speed sensor so as to control the air release valves to be opened or closed.

7. Compressor bleed air control system as in claim 6,

during engine acceleration:

when the rotating speed sensor detects that the rotating speed of the engine rises to 10 percent of the rotating speed, the electronic controller controls the electromagnet assemblies (1) in the fifth-stage air release valve and the eighth-stage air release valve to be electrified, and the fifth-stage air release valve and the eighth-stage air release valve are kept in a fully opened state;

when the rotating speed sensor detects that the rotating speed of the engine is increased to 72.5 percent of the rotating speed, the electronic controller controls the electromagnet assembly (1) of the eighth-stage air release valve to be powered off, and the eighth-stage air release valve is closed;

when the rotating speed sensor detects that the rotating speed of the engine rises to 88 percent of the rotating speed, the electronic controller controls the electromagnet assembly (1) of the fifth-stage air release valve to be powered off, and the fifth-stage air release valve is closed.

8. Compressor bleed air control system as in claim 7,

during engine deceleration:

when the rotating speed sensor detects that the rotating speed of the engine is reduced to 86.1 percent of the rotating speed, the electronic controller controls the electromagnet assembly (1) of the fifth-stage air bleeding valve to be electrified, and the fifth-stage air bleeding valve is completely opened;

when the rotating speed sensor detects that the rotating speed of the engine is reduced to 70.6 percent of the rotating speed, the electronic controller controls the electromagnet assembly (1) of the eighth-stage air release valve to be electrified, and the eighth-stage air release valve is completely opened;

when the rotating speed sensor detects that the rotating speed of the engine is reduced to 8 percent of the rotating speed, the electromagnet assembly (1) of the fifth-stage air release valve and the eighth-stage air release valve is controlled by the electronic controller to be powered off, and the fifth-stage air release valve and the eighth-stage air release valve are still kept in a fully opened state.

9. Compressor bleed air control system as in claim 6,

the electronic controller is also used for acquiring the position state of the air bleeding valve by detecting the on-off electric signal of the microswitch (112).

10. An aircraft engine, characterized in that a compressor bleed air control system according to any one of claims 6 to 9 is employed.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of air bleeding of a compressor, in particular to an air bleeding valve, an air bleeding control system of the compressor adopting the air bleeding valve, and an aero-engine adopting the air bleeding control system of the compressor.

Background

The aircraft engine mainly comprises components such as a gas compressor, a combustion chamber, a turbine and the like, and when the air flow is reduced to a certain value under a certain rotating speed, the gas compressor can generate a surge phenomenon. Compressor surge is an unstable operating condition of the engine that can cause vibration of the blades and the entire engine and can cause compressor and engine damage. Therefore, surge is not allowed to occur while the engine is operating. Practice proves that for a multi-stage axial flow compressor with the pressure increase ratio of less than 10, air is discharged from the middle stage of the compressor, and the method is a simple and effective method for improving the characteristics of the compressor and expanding the stable working range.

The patent CN106089441A previously filed by the applicant discloses an engine bleed valve control device and an engine control system, which are provided with two bleed valves respectively at the fifth stage and the 8 th stage of the compressor in order to prevent compressor surge, and automatically operated by a fuel regulator. When the engine speed reaches 500-1000 r/min, the four air release valves are opened simultaneously, and the eighth air release valve is opened when the engine speed isIs closed, and the fifth stage air release valve is arranged

And closing the engine to ensure that the engine works stably in the process from starting to working rotating speed. As shown in fig. 1, the specific control principle is as follows: the fuel regulator is provided with a first and a second split valves 159 and 160 for supplying working oil to oil chambers of an eighth and a fifth bleed valves 191 and 192 of the compressor, respectively. The upper end surfaces of the first and second bypass valves 159 and 160 receive Pn lubricating oil pressure, and the lower end surfaces receive the biasing force of a spring. When the engine starts to start, the rotational speedWhen the Pn pressure is low and the first and second bypass valves 159 and 160 are pushed upward by the spring, the working oil from the oil pump is supplied to the four bleed valves of the eighth and fifth bleed valves 191 and 192 of the compressor through the grooves of the bypass valves 159 and 160. When the oil pressure P reaches 294kPa, both the eighth-stage relief valve 191 and the fifth-stage relief valve 192 are opened immediately. When the engine speed rises to 9340r/min (72.5%), the lubricating oil pressure Pn increases to about 588kPa, and at this time, under the action of the pressure Pn, the first dividing valve 159 moves downward such that the lower flange communicates the oil chamber of the eighth stage bleed valve 191 with the oil return path, and the compressor eighth stage bleed valve 191 is closed. When the engine speed rises to 11340r/min (88%), the pressure Pn reaches about 852.6kPa, and at this time, the second split valve 160 also moves downwards under the action of the Pn pressure to a position where the lower flange connects the oil cavity of the compressor fifth-stage bleed valve 192 with the oil return path, so that the compressor fifth-stage bleed valve 192 is closed. As shown in fig. 2, the specific structure of the deflation valve is as follows: the air bleeding valve consists of main parts such as a shell of the air bleeding valve, a cover, a piston, the valve, a spring, a seat disc, a spring seat disc, a locking block and the like, wherein the lower part of the shell is provided with an installation seat disc, and the seat disc is provided with a hole for fixing the air bleeding valve on a valve installation edge of an air collecting chamber of the compressor. An oil chamber is formed between the top end of the piston and the cover, working oil from the fuel regulator enters the oil chamber through an oil supply pipe joint on the cover, the piston is pressed down, the valve is opened, and air is exhausted from the air collection chamber to the atmosphere through the opened valve and the window. When oil returns from the oil cavity on the top of the piston, the valve is closed under the action of the spring.

However, the fuel regulator used therein is of a mechanical hydraulic type, and the rotation speed at which the purge valve is opened/closed is adjusted by an adjustment screw. When the engine is modified, a digital electronic control system is used, an air bleeding valve of the engine is not improved, oil pressure is still used as a control medium for controlling the air bleeding valve, the opening/closing rotating speed of the air bleeding valve still needs to be adjusted through an adjusting screw, and therefore the air bleeding valve cannot meet the electronic control requirement of the engine. In order to solve the above problems, the present application improves the air bleeding valve.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an air bleeding valve, an air compressor air bleeding system adopting the air bleeding valve and an aero-engine, and aims to solve the technical problems that the existing air bleeding valve adopting oil pressure control cannot meet the electronic control requirement of the engine, an oil pressure control pipeline is too large in arrangement space, and the appearance of the air bleeding valve is interfered with other parts.

According to one aspect of the invention, the deflation valve is used for being installed on a gas collection chamber of any stage of a gas compressor for deflation and comprises an electromagnet assembly, an upper shell, a base, a valve, a guide sleeve, a steel ball, a mandril, an iron core spring and a valve spring, wherein the base is fixedly installed on the gas collection chamber of the gas compressor, the upper shell is fixedly installed on the base, the valve is installed between the base and the upper shell and can slide up and down, a cavity is formed in a gap between the valve and the upper shell, the guide sleeve, the steel ball, the mandril, the iron core spring and the valve spring are all positioned in the upper shell, one end of the iron core spring abuts against the shell of the electromagnet assembly, the other end of the iron core spring abuts against an iron core in the electromagnet assembly, one end of the valve spring abuts against the;

the electromagnet assembly is fixedly arranged on the upper shell, part of the electromagnet assembly extends into the upper shell and presses the guide sleeve to be fixed, a gap exists between the electromagnet assembly and the upper shell, one end of the ejector rod is fixedly connected with the iron core, the other end of the ejector rod is fixedly connected with the steel ball, the upper shell is provided with a first through hole which penetrates in the radial direction, the guide sleeve is provided with a second through hole which penetrates in the axial direction and a third through hole which penetrates in the radial direction, the second through hole and the third through hole are communicated with each other, the third through hole is communicated with the first through hole, the ejector rod is positioned in the second through hole and can move up and down in the second through hole, the steel ball is positioned in the third through hole and is used for sealing the second through hole, when the electromagnet assembly is electrified, the ejector rod and the steel ball move up along with the iron core, the steel ball seals the, the steel ball seals the lower section of the second through hole, and the electronic controller controls the valve to be opened or closed by controlling the electromagnet assembly to be powered on or off.

Further, in an initial state, the iron core spring and the valve spring are both in a compressed state, the valve spring presses the valve downwards to enable the valve to be opened completely, the iron core spring presses the iron core downwards, and the steel ball moves downwards along with the iron core and the ejector rod to seal the lower section of the second through hole;

when the engine speed is less than 10%, the valve is kept in a fully opened state under the action of the valve spring.

Further, still include valve switch response subassembly, valve switch response subassembly includes movable rod and micro-gap switch, micro-gap switch fixed mounting on last casing and with electronic controller electric connection, the movable rod is connected on the valve, when the valve was opened, the movable rod moves down and touches micro-gap switch along with the valve together, and the micro-gap switch-on, when the valve was closed, thereby the movable rod upwards moved along with the valve together breaks away from micro-gap switch, and the micro-gap switch disconnection, the electronic controller acquires the position state of valve through the break-make signal of telecommunication that detects the micro-gap switch feedback.

And the filter screen is fixed on the guide sleeve and used for preventing impurities from entering the second through hole from the gas collection chamber of the compressor.

Further, the bleed valves are respectively mounted on the fifth stage and the eighth stage of the compressor.

In addition, the invention also provides a bleed air control system of the compressor, which adopts the bleed air valve, and the bleed air control system of the compressor comprises:

a rotational speed sensor for measuring an engine rotational speed;

and the electronic controller is used for controlling the on-off state of the electromagnet assemblies in the fifth-stage air release valve and the eighth-stage air release valve on the air compressor according to the detection result of the rotating speed sensor so as to control the air release valves to be opened or closed.

Further, during engine acceleration:

when the rotating speed sensor detects that the rotating speed of the engine rises to 10 percent of the rotating speed, the electronic controller controls electromagnet assemblies in the fifth-stage air release valve and the eighth-stage air release valve to be electrified, and the fifth-stage air release valve and the eighth-stage air release valve are kept in a fully opened state;

when the rotating speed sensor detects that the rotating speed of the engine is increased to 72.5 percent of the rotating speed, the electronic controller controls the electromagnet assembly of the eighth-stage air release valve to be powered off, and the eighth-stage air release valve is closed;

when the rotating speed sensor detects that the rotating speed of the engine rises to 88 percent of the rotating speed, the electronic controller controls the electromagnet assembly of the fifth-stage air release valve to be powered off, and the fifth-stage air release valve is closed.

Further, during engine deceleration:

when the rotating speed sensor detects that the rotating speed of the engine is reduced to 86.1 percent of the rotating speed, the electronic controller controls the electromagnet assembly of the fifth-stage air bleeding valve to be electrified, and the fifth-stage air bleeding valve is completely opened;

when the rotating speed sensor detects that the rotating speed of the engine is reduced to 70.6 percent of the rotating speed, the electronic controller controls the electromagnet assembly of the eighth-stage air release valve to be electrified, and the eighth-stage air release valve is completely opened;

when the rotating speed sensor detects that the rotating speed of the engine is reduced to 8 percent of the rotating speed, the electronic controller controls the electromagnet assemblies of the fifth-stage air release valve and the eighth-stage air release valve to be powered off, and the fifth-stage air release valve and the eighth-stage air release valve are still kept in a fully opened state.

Further, the electronic controller is also used for acquiring the position state of the air bleeding valve by detecting the on-off electric signal of the micro switch.

In addition, the invention also provides an aircraft engine which adopts the air compressor bleed air control system.

The invention has the following effects:

the air bleeding valve of the invention adopts the gas in the air collecting chamber of the air compressor as a control medium, eliminates 8 oil pressure control pipelines of the original air bleeding structure, is beneficial to realizing the miniaturization design of the engine, has compact integral structure, does not interfere with other parts of the airplane in the shape, is convenient to install and use, can control the valve to open or close by controlling the electromagnet assembly to be powered on or off through the electronic controller, realizes the electronic control function, enables the air bleeding of the air compressor to be more flexible, and can well meet the electronic control requirement of the engine.

In addition, the compressor bleed air control system and the aircraft engine have the advantages.

In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional engine bleed valve control apparatus.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic view of a prior art deflation valve.

Fig. 3 is a sectional structural view of the deflation valve in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the gas flow when the deflation valve of the first embodiment of the present invention is in the open state.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the gas flow when the deflation valve of the first embodiment of the present invention is in the closed state.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a module connection structure of a compressor bleed air control system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Description of the reference numerals

1. An electromagnet assembly; 2. an upper housing; 3. a base; 4. a shutter; 5. filtering with a screen; 6. a guide sleeve; 7. a steel ball; 8. a top rod; 9. an iron core spring; 10. a shutter spring; 11. a valve switch sensing assembly; 12. a cavity; 101. an iron core; 21. a first through hole; 61. a second through hole; 62. a third through hole; 111. a movable rod; 112. a micro switch.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention can be embodied in many different forms, which are defined and covered by the following description.

As shown in fig. 3 to 5, a first embodiment of the present invention provides an air bleeding valve for installing on an air collecting chamber of any stage of an air compressor to bleed air, the air bleeding valve includes an electromagnet assembly 1, an upper housing 2, a base 3, a valve 4, a guide sleeve 6, a steel ball 7, an ejector rod 8, an iron core spring 9 and a valve spring 10, the base 3 is fixedly installed on the air collecting chamber of the air compressor, specifically, the base 3 is provided with 8 installation holes, and is fixedly installed on an installation edge of the air collecting chamber valve through 8 screws. The upper shell 2 is fixedly installed on the base 3 through screws, the valve 4 is installed between the base 3 and the upper shell 2 and can slide up and down, and a gap between the valve 4 and the upper shell 2 forms a cavity 12. Specifically, a relatively closed space is formed between the base 3 and the upper section of the upper housing 2, the upper section of the valve 4 is located in the space, the lower section of the valve 4 is sleeved on the lower section of the upper housing 2, and the valve 4 can move up and down integrally. And, adopt the rubber ring movive seal between valve 4 and base 3, the last casing 2, prevent that the in-process that valve 4 reciprocates that gas from leaking from the clearance between valve 4 and base 3, the last casing 2, ensured the leakproofness. The guide sleeve 6, the steel ball 7, the ejector rod 8, the iron core spring 9 and the valve spring 10 are all located in the upper shell 2, one end of the iron core spring 9 abuts against the shell of the electromagnet assembly 1, the other end of the iron core spring abuts against the iron core 101 in the electromagnet assembly 1, one end of the valve spring 10 abuts against the upper shell 2, and the other end of the valve spring abuts against the valve 4. The upper end of the electromagnet assembly 1 is fixedly mounted on the upper shell 2 through a screw, the lower end of the electromagnet assembly extends into the upper shell 2 and presses the guide sleeve 6, the guide sleeve 6 cannot move, as an option, the guide sleeve 6 is mounted in the upper shell 2 in an interference fit mode, the guide sleeve 6 and the upper shell 2 are relatively sealed, no gap exists between the guide sleeve 6 and the upper shell 2, and gas cannot circulate between the guide sleeve 6 and the upper shell. And a gap exists between the electromagnet assembly 1 and the upper shell 2, and gas can flow from the electromagnet assembly 1 to the outside through the gap between the electromagnet assembly 1 and the upper shell 2.

One end of the ejector rod 8 is fixedly connected with the iron core 101, and the other end of the ejector rod is fixedly connected with the steel ball 7. The guide sleeve 6 is provided with a second through hole 61 which axially penetrates through the guide sleeve and a third through hole 62 which radially penetrates through the guide sleeve and are communicated with each other, namely, the second through hole 61 is divided into an upper section and a lower section by the third through hole 62, the upper shell 2 is provided with a first through hole 21 which radially penetrates through the guide sleeve, and the third through hole 62 is communicated with the first through hole 21. The push rod 8 is located in the second through hole 61 and can move up and down in the second through hole 61, the steel ball 7 is located in the third through hole 62 and is used for sealing the second through hole 61, it can be understood that the diameter of the steel ball 7 is larger than that of the second through hole 61, and a gap is formed between the push rod 8 and the second through hole 61. When the electromagnet assembly 1 is electrified, because the shell of the electromagnet assembly 1 has magnetism, attraction force is generated between the iron core 101 and the shell, the iron core 101 moves upwards under the action of the attraction force, the ejector rod 8 and the steel ball 7 move upwards along with the iron core 101, when the steel ball 7 moves and blocks the upper section of the second through hole 61, the steel ball 7 seals the upper section of the second through hole 61, gas in the cavity 12 can not enter the electromagnet assembly 1 from the upper section of the second through hole 61 any more, and then is discharged into the atmosphere from a gap between the electromagnet assembly 1 and the upper shell 2, gas in the gas collection chamber of the gas compressor enters from the opening at the bottom end of the upper shell 2 through the lower section of the second through hole 61, and then enters the cavity 12 through the third through hole 62 and the first through hole 21 in sequence, so that the pressure in the cavity 12 is rapidly increased, and the area of the cavity 12 is larger than the area of the bottom of, the valve 4 is pressed down under the combined action of air pressure and the valve spring 10, the valve 4 is in a fully opened state, air in the air collecting chamber of the air compressor can be discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust window on the base 3, and the air release function is opened. When the electromagnet assembly 1 is powered off, the shell of the electromagnet assembly 1 loses magnetism, the iron core 101 and the shell lose attraction, the iron core 101 moves downwards under the action of the iron core spring 9, the ejector rod 8 and the steel ball 7 move downwards along with the iron core 101, when the steel ball 7 moves and blocks the lower section of the second through hole 61, the steel ball 7 seals the lower section of the second through hole 61, gas in the gas collecting chamber of the gas compressor cannot enter the cavity 12 from the lower section of the second through hole 61, the valve 4 only bears the downward pressure of the valve spring 10, if the gas pressure in the gas collecting chamber of the gas compressor is large enough, the valve 4 is driven to move upwards and extrude the valve spring 10 after the downward pressure of the valve spring 10 is counteracted under the action of the gas pressure, the valve 4 is gradually closed, the gas in the gas collecting chamber of the gas compressor cannot be discharged into the atmosphere from the exhaust window on the base 3, and. At this time, the gas in the cavity 12 enters the upper section of the second through hole 61 from the first through hole 21 and the third through hole 62 in sequence, and then enters the electromagnet assembly 1, and finally is exhausted into the atmosphere from the gap between the electromagnet assembly 1 and the upper housing 2. And the electronic controller can control the opening or closing of the shutter 4 by controlling the on-off of the electromagnet assembly 1. It will be appreciated that, as a preference, the number of the bleed valves is four, and the bleed valves are respectively mounted on the fifth stage and the eighth stage of the compressor, so as to achieve the best effect of preventing engine surge. Of course, in other embodiments of the invention, bleed valves may be provided on other stages of the compressor.

It can be understood that, the bleed valve of this embodiment adopts the gas in the compressor gas collecting chamber as the control medium, has cancelled 8 oil pressure control pipelines of original bleed structure, is favorable to realizing the miniaturized design of engine, and overall structure is compact, and its appearance can not have the interference with other parts of aircraft, and the installation is convenient for use, and, can control valve 4 to open or close through electronic controller control electro-magnet subassembly 1 break-make electricity, has realized the electronic control function, makes the compressor bleed more nimble, can satisfy the electronic control requirement of engine well.

It can be understood that in the initial state, the engine is not running, the gas pressure of the fifth stage and the eighth stage of the compressor is as large as the atmospheric pressure, the core spring 9 and the valve spring 10 are both in the compressed state, the valve spring 10 presses the valve 4 downwards to be completely opened, the electromagnet assembly 1 is in the power-off state at this time, the core spring 9 presses the core 101 downwards, the steel ball 7 moves downwards along with the core 101 and the ejector rod 8 to seal the lower section of the second through hole 61, the gas in the gas collecting chamber of the compressor cannot enter the cavity 12, and the valve 4 is kept in the completely opened state. Therefore, the deflation valve is of a normally open structure. In addition, when the engine is started, the rotating speed of the engine is gradually increased, when the rotating speed of the engine is less than 10%, the air pressure in the air collecting chambers of the fifth stage and the eighth stage of the air compressor is less than 20kPa, the air pressure is not enough to counteract the downward pressure of the valve spring 10, and the valve 4 is still kept in a fully opened state under the action of the valve spring 10. It is understood that 10% speed refers to 10% of the maximum engine speed.

Preferably, the air release valve further comprises a valve switch sensing assembly 11, the valve switch sensing assembly 11 comprises a movable rod 111 and a micro switch 112, the micro switch 112 is fixedly installed on the upper shell 2 and electrically connected with an electronic controller of the engine, and the movable rod 111 is connected to the valve 4 and can move up and down along with the valve 4. When the valve 4 is gradually opened, the movable rod 111 moves downwards along with the valve 4 and touches the micro switch 112, the micro switch 112 is switched on, and the electronic controller can detect a feedback signal of switching on the micro switch 112, so that the deflation valve is judged to be in an open state. When the valve 4 is gradually closed, the movable rod 111 moves upwards along with the valve 4 so as to be separated from the microswitch 112, the microswitch 112 is switched off, and the electronic controller can detect a feedback signal of the switching-off of the microswitch 112, so that the deflation valve is judged to be in a closed state. In the preferred embodiment, the electronic controller can judge the position state of the valve 4 through the feedback signal of the valve switch sensing assembly 11, so that whether the air bleed valve is opened or not can be accurately fed back, the fault removal is facilitated, and a technical basis is provided for the automatic elimination of surge.

It will be appreciated that the bleed valve preferably further comprises a filter screen 5 fixed to the guide sleeve 6 and adapted to prevent impurities from entering the second through hole 61 from the plenum of the compressor, thus providing a filtering protection.

In addition, as shown in fig. 6, a second embodiment of the present invention further provides a compressor bleed air control system, which employs the bleed air valve according to the first embodiment, and includes:

a rotational speed sensor for measuring an engine rotational speed;

and the electronic controller is used for controlling the on-off state of the electromagnet assembly 1 in the fifth-stage air release valve and the eighth-stage air release valve on the air compressor according to the detection result of the rotating speed sensor so as to control the air release valve to be opened or closed, and the electronic controller is respectively electrically connected with the rotating speed sensor and the electromagnet assembly 1.

Because the rotating speed of the engine is related to the air pressure in the fifth stage and the eighth stage of the air compressor, the air pressure in the fifth stage and the eighth stage of the air compressor can be indirectly reflected by detecting the rotating speed of the engine, so that the on-off state of the electromagnet assembly 1 can be controlled by the engine according to the detected rotating speed of the engine, the air bleeding valve is controlled to open or close the air bleeding when the engine reaches the preset rotating speed, and the surge of the engine is prevented from occurring in the processes of starting, accelerating and decelerating.

When the engine is in a stop and static state, the air pressure of the fifth stage and the eighth stage of the air compressor is as high as the atmospheric pressure, and the fifth stage air release valve and the eighth stage air release valve are both in a fully open state.

During engine acceleration:

when the rotating speed sensor detects that the rotating speed of the engine rises to 10% of the rotating speed (1280r/min), the air pressure in the fifth stage and the eighth stage of the air compressor exceeds 20kPa, the air pressure at the bottom of the valve 4 is enough to overcome the downward pressure of the valve spring 10, and the valve 4 is gradually closed. At the moment, the electronic controller outputs a 20V voltage signal to the electromagnet assembly 1 in the fifth-stage air discharge valve and the eighth-stage air discharge valve, the electromagnet assembly 1 is electrified, the iron core 101 moves upwards, the ejector rod 8 and the steel ball 7 move upwards together, the steel ball 7 seals the upper section of the second through hole 61, gas in the gas collection chamber of the compressor enters the cavity 12 from the lower section of the second through hole 61, so that the air pressure in the cavity 12 is rapidly increased, because the area of the cavity 12 is larger than that of the bottom of the valve 4, the fifth-stage air discharge valve and the eighth-stage air discharge valve are kept in a completely opened state under the common pressing action force of the air pressure in the cavity 12 and the valve spring 10, and the gas in the gas collection chamber of the compressor can be directly led to the atmosphere from an exhaust window on the base 3, so that the.

When the rotating speed sensor detects that the rotating speed of the engine rises to 72.5 percent of the rotating speed (9340r/min), the electronic controller disconnects and outputs a 28V voltage signal to the electromagnet assembly 1 of the eighth-stage air release valve, the iron core 101 moves downwards under the action of the iron core spring 9, the ejector rod 8 and the steel ball 7 move downwards together, the steel ball 7 seals the lower section of the second through hole 61, the eighth-stage air of the air compressor cannot enter the cavity 12 from the second through hole 61, the original air in the cavity 12 enters the electromagnet assembly 1 from the upper section of the second through hole 61 and is discharged into the atmosphere from a gap between the electromagnet assembly 1 and the upper shell 2, the valve 4 overcomes the downward pressure of the valve spring 10 under the action of air pressure to drive the valve 4 to move upwards, the eighth-stage air release valve is gradually closed, and the eighth-stage air release valve of the air compressor is closed.

When the rotating speed sensor detects that the rotating speed of the engine rises to 88 percent of the rotating speed (11340r/min), the electronic controller cuts off and outputs a 28V voltage signal to the electromagnet assembly 1 of the fifth-stage air release valve, the fifth-stage air release valve is gradually closed, and the air compressor is closed in the fifth-stage air release mode.

And during engine deceleration:

when the rotating speed sensor detects that the rotating speed of the engine is reduced to 86.1 percent of the rotating speed (11100r/min), the electronic controller outputs a 28V voltage signal to the electromagnet assembly 1 of the fifth-stage air release valve, the fifth-stage air release valve is completely opened, and the fifth stage of the air compressor starts to release air;

when the rotating speed sensor detects that the rotating speed of the engine is reduced to 70.6 percent (9100r/min), the electronic controller outputs a 28V voltage signal to the electromagnet assembly 1 of the eighth-stage air release valve, the eighth-stage air release valve is completely opened, and the eighth stage of the air compressor starts to release air;

when the rotating speed sensor detects that the rotating speed of the engine is reduced to 8 percent (1030r/min), the electronic controller disconnects and outputs a 28V voltage signal to the electromagnet assemblies 1 of the fifth-stage air release valve and the eighth-stage air release valve, at this time, although the electromagnet assemblies 1 are in a power-off state, the air pressures of the fifth stage and the eighth stage of the air compressor are both smaller than 20kPa, the air pressure of the air compressor is not enough to overcome the downward pressure of the valve spring 10, and the fifth-stage air release valve and the eighth-stage air release valve are still in a fully-opened state.

It can be understood that the rotating speeds corresponding to the opening valve and the closing valve in the processes of increasing and decreasing the rotating speed are different, so that the slight fluctuation of the rotating speed caused by the opening or closing of the air bleeding valve can be effectively avoided, and the working stability of the engine is ensured.

Preferably, the electronic controller is further electrically connected to the micro switch 112, and is further configured to obtain the position state of the deflation valve by detecting an on-off electrical signal of the micro switch 112. In the process of opening the air bleeding valve, the movable rod 111 moves downwards along with the valve 4, the movable rod 111 touches the micro switch 112, the micro switch 112 is switched on, and the electronic controller can detect a feedback signal of switching on the micro switch 112; and in the process of closing the air bleeding valve, the movable rod 111 moves upwards along with the valve 4, the movable rod 111 is separated from the microswitch 112, the microswitch 112 is switched off, and the electronic controller can detect a feedback signal of the switching-off of the microswitch 112. The electronic controller can judge the position state of the valve 4 through the feedback signal of the microswitch 112, and accurately feed back whether the air bleeding valve is opened, thereby being beneficial to eliminating faults and providing a technical basis for automatically eliminating surge.

In addition, the third embodiment of the invention also provides an aircraft engine which adopts the compressor bleed air control system.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.