阅读说明：本技术 一种发动机驱动装置 (Engine driving device ) 是由 葛锐 李健 朱文军 胡志胜 朱保林 张军瑞 辛雪军 朱振东 于 2020-08-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种发动机驱动装置,包括主动部和被动部,主动部包括主动轴、主动轴套、主动轮,主动轴套的内孔为锥形内孔；被动部包括被动轴套、被动轮,被动轴套滑动套装在主动轴上,被动轴套的左段外侧壁与主动轴套的锥形内孔形状相吻合,主动轴中段上设有呈圆锥状的限位凸环,被动轴套内孔中开有限位凹槽；被动轴套上开有多个径向通孔,每个径向通孔中设有短轴；被动轴套的左段外侧壁上还开有多个径向锁止内孔,每个径向锁止内孔中设有锁销；主动轴套的锥形内孔孔壁上开有多个径向锁止外孔,当被动轴承处于左极限位置的时候,多个径向锁止外孔与多个径向锁止内孔相对接连通。本发明的优点：能实现主动部和被动部的快速接合或脱开。(The invention discloses an engine driving device, which comprises a driving part and a driven part, wherein the driving part comprises a driving shaft, a driving shaft sleeve and a driving wheel; the driven part comprises a driven shaft sleeve and a driven wheel, the driven shaft sleeve is slidably sleeved on the driving shaft, the outer side wall of the left section of the driven shaft sleeve is matched with the shape of a conical inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve, a conical limiting convex ring is arranged on the middle section of the driving shaft, and a limiting groove is formed in the inner hole of the driven shaft sleeve; a plurality of radial through holes are formed in the driven shaft sleeve, and a short shaft is arranged in each radial through hole; the outer side wall of the left section of the driven shaft sleeve is also provided with a plurality of radial locking inner holes, and each radial locking inner hole is internally provided with a lock pin; a plurality of radial locking outer holes are formed in the wall of the conical inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve, and when the driven bearing is located at the left limit position, the plurality of radial locking outer holes are communicated with the plurality of radial locking inner holes in a butt joint mode. The invention has the advantages that: the quick connection or disconnection of the active part and the passive part can be realized.)

1. An engine drive device, includes initiative portion and passive portion, its characterized in that: the driving part comprises a driving shaft (1), a driving shaft sleeve (2) and a driving wheel (3), the axial direction of the driving shaft (1) is set to be the left-right direction,

the driving shaft sleeve (2) is rotatably sleeved on the driving shaft (1), the driving wheel (3) is fixedly sleeved at the left end of the driving shaft sleeve (2), and an inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve (2) is a conical inner hole with a small left and a large right;

the passive part comprises a passive shaft sleeve, a passive wheel (7), the passive shaft sleeve is slidably sleeved on the driving shaft (1) and can slide back and forth along the axial direction of the driving shaft (1), the left section of the passive shaft sleeve extends into the conical inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve (2), the outer side wall of the left section of the passive shaft sleeve is matched with the conical inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve (2), the right section of the passive shaft sleeve extends out of the conical inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve (2) and is fixedly sleeved with the passive wheel (7), the middle section of the driving shaft (1) is provided with a limiting convex ring (8) protruding outwards along the radial direction, a limiting groove (9) for embedding the limiting convex ring (8) is formed in the inner hole of the passive shaft sleeve, the axial size of the limiting groove (9) is larger than that of the limiting convex ring (8), the outer side wall of the limiting convex ring is in a, the bottom wall of the limiting groove (9) is in a conical shape matched with the outer side wall of the limiting boss, and when the driven shaft sleeve is located at a left limiting position, the right side wall of the limiting groove (9) is in fit with the right end face of the limiting convex ring (8) to block limiting; when the driven shaft sleeve is positioned at the right limit position, the left side wall of the limit groove (9) is attached to the left end face of the limit convex ring (8) to block and limit; the driven shaft sleeve is positioned at the right limit position in a natural state through a first reset mechanism;

the driven shaft sleeve is provided with a plurality of radial through holes (10) around the limiting convex ring (8), the radial through holes (10) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the limiting convex ring (8), each radial through hole (10) is internally provided with a short shaft (11), the shape of the inner end face of each short shaft (11) is matched with the shape of the outer side wall of the limiting convex ring (8), the shape of the outer end face of each short shaft (11) is matched with the shape of the hole wall of a conical inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve (2), a friction plate (12) is fixed on the outer end face of each short shaft (11), the short shafts (11) can move in the corresponding radial through holes (10) in the radial direction, and the short shafts (11) can reset in the direction close to the axis of the driving shaft (1) in a natural state through a second resetting;

the outer side wall of the left section of the driven shaft sleeve is also provided with a plurality of radial locking inner holes (13), the plurality of radial locking inner holes (13) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the driven shaft sleeve, and a lock pin (14) is arranged in each radial locking inner hole (13); a plurality of radial locking outer holes (15) are formed in the wall of a conical inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve (2), the plurality of radial locking outer holes (15) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the driving shaft sleeve (2), when the driven bearing (4) is located at the left limit position, the plurality of radial locking outer holes (15) are correspondingly communicated with the plurality of radial locking inner holes (13) in a one-to-one butt joint mode, and the lock pin (14) is completely located in the radial locking inner holes (13) in a natural state through a third resetting mechanism; under the action of centrifugal force, the lock pin (14) moves outwards until a part of the lock pin (14) is inserted into the radial locking outer hole (15).

2. An engine drive apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the lubricating oil lubricating device is characterized in that a first lubricating oil channel (17) is formed in the driving shaft (1), a second lubricating oil channel (18) is formed in the driving shaft sleeve (2), one end of the first lubricating oil channel (17) is communicated with a gap between the limiting convex ring (8) and the limiting groove (9), the other end of the first lubricating oil channel (17) is in sealed butt joint with one end of the second lubricating oil channel (18), and the other end of the second lubricating oil channel (18) is externally connected with lubricating oil.

3. An engine drive apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the first reset mechanism comprises a first reset spring (19), the right end of the driven shaft sleeve is provided with a limiting end plate (20), and the first reset spring (19) is located between the right end of the driving shaft (1) and the limiting end plate (20) of the driven shaft sleeve.

4. An engine drive apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the second reset mechanism comprises a second reset spring (21), the radial through hole (10) of the driven shaft sleeve is a step hole with a large inner part and a small outer part, a limit ring is arranged at the inner end of the short shaft (11), the second reset spring (21) is sleeved on the short shaft (11), and the second reset spring (21) is positioned between the limit ring of the short shaft (11) and the step surface of the radial through hole (10) of the driven shaft sleeve.

5. An engine drive apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the passive shaft sleeve is a split structure formed by assembling a conical shaft sleeve (5) and a circular shaft sleeve (6), the conical shaft sleeve (5) is in threaded connection with the circular shaft sleeve (6), the outer side wall of the conical shaft sleeve (5) is matched with a conical inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve (2), a driven wheel (7) is sleeved on the outer side wall of the circular shaft sleeve (6), and the inner wall of the part, connected with the circular shaft sleeve (6), of the conical shaft sleeve (5) forms a limiting groove (9).

6. An engine drive apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the outer side wall of the driving shaft sleeve (2) is in a stepped shaft shape with a small left side and a large right side, the driving wheel (3) is installed on the small shaft end of the driving shaft sleeve (2), and the small shaft end inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve (2) is rotatably sleeved on the driving shaft (1) through a bearing (4).

7. An engine drive apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the driven shaft sleeve is connected with the driving shaft (1) through a spline (16).

8. An engine drive apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the third reset mechanism is a third reset spring (22), the third reset spring (22) is arranged in the radial locking outer hole (15), and the lock pin (14) is abutted against the radial locking inner hole (13) through the third reset spring (22).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical transmission, in particular to an engine driving device.

Background

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an engine driving device which is safe and reliable, has stable working state and can realize quick connection or disconnection.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

an engine driving device comprises a driving part and a driven part, wherein the driving part comprises a driving shaft, a driving shaft sleeve and a driving wheel, the axial direction of the driving shaft is set to be the left-right direction,

the driving shaft sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the driving shaft, the driving wheel is fixedly sleeved at the left end of the driving shaft sleeve, and an inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve is a conical inner hole with a small left and a large right;

the passive part comprises a passive shaft sleeve and a passive wheel, the passive shaft sleeve is slidably sleeved on the driving shaft and can slide back and forth along the axial direction of the driving shaft, the left section of the passive shaft sleeve extends into the tapered inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve, the shape of the left section outer side wall of the passive shaft sleeve is matched with that of the tapered inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve, the right section of the passive shaft sleeve extends out of the tapered inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve and is fixedly sleeved with the passive wheel, the middle section of the driving shaft is provided with a limiting convex ring protruding outwards along the radial direction, a limiting groove for embedding the limiting convex ring is formed in the inner hole of the passive shaft sleeve, the axial size of the limiting groove is larger than that of the limiting convex ring, the outer side wall of the limiting boss is in a conical shape with a large left side and a small right side, correspondingly, the bottom wall of the, the right side wall of the limiting groove is in fit with the right end face of the limiting convex ring to block and limit; when the driven shaft sleeve is positioned at the right limit position, the left side wall of the limit groove is attached to the left end face of the limit convex ring to block and limit; the driven shaft sleeve is positioned at the right limit position in a natural state through a first reset mechanism;

the driven shaft sleeve is provided with a plurality of radial through holes around the limit convex ring, the radial through holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the limit convex ring, a short shaft is arranged in each radial through hole, the shape of the inner end face of the short shaft is matched with the shape of the outer side wall of the limit convex ring, the shape of the outer end face of the short shaft is matched with the shape of the hole wall of the conical inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve, a friction plate is fixed on the outer end face of the short shaft, the short shaft can move in the corresponding radial through hole in the radial direction, and the short shaft is reset towards the direction close to the axis of the driving shaft under the natural state;

the outer side wall of the left section of the driven shaft sleeve is also provided with a plurality of radial locking inner holes, the plurality of radial locking inner holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the driven shaft sleeve, and each radial locking inner hole is provided with a lock pin; the wall of the conical inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve is provided with a plurality of radial locking outer holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the driving shaft sleeve, when the driven bearing is positioned at the left limit position, the plurality of radial locking outer holes are in one-to-one corresponding butt connection and communication with the plurality of radial locking inner holes, and the lock pin is completely positioned in the radial locking inner holes in a natural state through a third resetting mechanism; under the action of centrifugal force, the lock pin moves outwards until a part of the lock pin is inserted into the radial locking outer hole.

Further, the inside first lubrication oil duct that has opened of driving shaft, the inside second lubrication oil duct that has opened of initiative axle sleeve, clearance intercommunication between first lubrication oil duct one end and spacing bulge loop and the spacing recess, the sealed butt joint of the one end of first lubrication oil duct other end and second lubrication oil duct, the external lubricating oil of the other end of second lubrication oil duct.

Furthermore, first canceling release mechanical system includes first reset spring, passive axle sleeve right-hand member is equipped with spacing end plate, first reset spring is located between the spacing end plate of driving shaft right-hand member and passive axle sleeve.

Furthermore, the second reset mechanism comprises a second reset spring, the radial through hole of the driven shaft sleeve is a stepped hole with a large inner part and a small outer part, a limit ring is arranged at the inner end of the short shaft, the second reset spring is sleeved on the short shaft, and the second reset spring is positioned between the limit ring of the short shaft and the stepped surface of the radial through hole of the driven shaft sleeve.

Further, the passive shaft sleeve is a split structure formed by assembling a conical shaft sleeve and a circular shaft sleeve, the conical shaft sleeve is in threaded connection with the circular shaft sleeve, the outer side wall of the conical shaft sleeve is matched with the conical inner hole of the active shaft sleeve, the driven wheel is sleeved on the outer side wall of the circular shaft sleeve, and the inner wall of the part, connected with the circular shaft sleeve, of the conical shaft sleeve forms the limiting groove.

Furthermore, the outer side wall of the driving shaft sleeve is in a stepped shaft shape with a small left and a large right, the driving wheel is installed on the small shaft end of the driving shaft sleeve, and the small shaft end inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the driving shaft through a bearing.

Furthermore, the driven shaft sleeve is connected with the driving shaft through a spline.

Furthermore, the third reset mechanism is a third reset spring, the third reset spring is arranged in the radial locking outer hole, and the lock pin is abutted against the radial locking inner hole through the third reset spring.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. according to the engine driving device provided by the invention, conical surface sliding fit is adopted between the outer side wall of the limiting convex ring of the driving shaft and the bottom wall of the limiting groove of the driven shaft sleeve and between the outer side wall of the driven shaft sleeve and the inner side wall of the driving shaft sleeve, so that the axial motion can be converted into radial motion, and the rapid engagement or disengagement between the driving part and the driven part is realized; the design of the bidirectional conical surface can realize transition in power transmission, and a transition period is formed from initial contact to contact, so that impact load caused in instant power transmission can be avoided, damage to parts is effectively avoided, and the reliability of the whole driving device is improved; and the design of the bidirectional conical surface has the advantages of simple structure, compact layout, light overall weight and high transmission efficiency.

2. According to the engine driving device, the design of the bidirectional conical surface is adopted, the matching of a plurality of short shafts is matched, the power transmission is realized by matching the friction plates on the outer end surfaces of the short shafts with the inner side wall of the driving shaft sleeve, the friction plates are used as power transmission media, the slipping can be carried out when the gear is blocked, and the risks of gear damage and shaft breakage are effectively avoided; if the friction plate is abraded, the friction plate can be replaced quickly, the maintenance convenience is good, the friction plate is low in price and convenient to obtain materials, and the friction plate can be used in mechanism transmission of different occasions.

3. The invention provides an engine driving device, which is characterized in that a plurality of radial locking inner holes are formed on the outer side wall of a driven shaft sleeve, a plurality of radial locking outer holes are formed on the wall of a conical inner hole of a driving shaft sleeve, and a lock pin can move outwards under the action of centrifugal force so as to connect the radial locking inner holes and the radial locking outer holes into a whole, so that the driving part and the driven part can be quickly locked, the locking effect is good, and accidents caused by sudden falling of the whole driving device in the rotating operation can be avoided.

4. According to the engine driving device provided by the invention, the first lubricating oil channel and the second lubricating oil channel can be used for lubricating the fit clearance matched with the two conical surfaces, an oil film can be generated between two parts which move relatively, and the friction and the power consumption are reduced.

5. According to the engine driving device provided by the invention, the driven shaft sleeve and the driving shaft are connected through the spline, so that large transmission torque can be realized, power loss such as slipping is avoided, the engine driving device is suitable for devices with multiple functional accessories and large power demand, the transmission precision is ensured, the noise is reduced, and the reliability and the stability are improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the active and passive portions of the present invention in an engaged state.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the active and passive portions of the present invention in a disengaged state.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of C-C of fig. 2.

Reference numbers in the figures: the lubricating device comprises a driving shaft 1, a driving shaft sleeve 2, a driving wheel 3, a bearing 4, a conical shaft sleeve 5, a circular shaft sleeve 6, a driven wheel 7, a limiting convex ring 8, a limiting groove 9, a radial through hole 10, a short shaft 11, a friction plate 12, a radial locking inner hole 13, a locking pin 14, a radial locking outer hole 15, a spline 16, a first lubricating oil channel 17, a second lubricating oil channel 18, a first return spring 19, a limiting end plate 20, a second return spring 21 and a third return spring 22.

Detailed Description

The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment discloses an engine driving apparatus including an active portion and a passive portion.

The driving part comprises a driving shaft 1, a driving shaft sleeve 2 and a driving wheel 3, and the axial direction of the driving shaft 1 is set to be the left-right direction. The driving shaft sleeve 2 is rotatably sleeved on the driving shaft 1, the driving wheel 3 is fixedly sleeved at the left end of the driving shaft sleeve 2, and an inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve 2 is a conical inner hole with a small left side and a large right side. The outer side wall of the driving shaft sleeve 2 is in a stepped shaft shape with a small left and a large right, the driving wheel 3 is fixedly sleeved on the small shaft end of the driving shaft sleeve 2, and the inner hole of the small shaft end of the driving shaft sleeve 2 is rotatably sleeved on the driving shaft 1 through a bearing 4.

The driven part comprises a driven shaft sleeve and a driven wheel 7, the driven shaft sleeve is slidably sleeved on the driving shaft 1 and can slide back and forth along the axial direction of the driving shaft 1, and the driven shaft sleeve is connected with the driving shaft 1 through a spline 16. The left section of the driven shaft sleeve extends into a conical inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve 2, the outer side wall of the left section of the driven shaft sleeve is matched with the shape of the conical inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve 2, the right section of the driven shaft sleeve extends out of the conical inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve 2 and is fixedly sleeved with a driven wheel 7, a limiting convex ring 8 protruding outwards in the radial direction is arranged on the middle section of the driving shaft 1, a limiting groove 9 for embedding the limiting convex ring 8 is formed in the inner hole of the driven shaft sleeve, the axial size of the limiting groove 9 is larger than that of the limiting convex ring 8, the outer side wall of the limiting boss is in a conical shape with a large left side and a small right side, correspondingly, the bottom wall of the limiting groove 9 is in a conical shape matched with the outer side wall of the limiting boss, and when the driven shaft sleeve is located at a left; when the driven shaft sleeve is positioned at the right limit position, the left side wall of the limit groove 9 is attached to the left end face of the limit convex ring 8 to block and limit; the driven shaft sleeve is in a right limit position in a natural state through the first reset mechanism.

The driven shaft sleeve is provided with a plurality of radial through holes 10 around the limiting convex ring 8, the driven shaft sleeve is designed into four radial through holes 10 in the embodiment, the four radial through holes 10 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the limiting convex ring 8, each radial through hole 10 is provided with a short shaft 11, the shape of the inner end face of each short shaft 11 is matched with the shape of the outer side wall of the limiting convex ring 8, the shape of the outer end face of each short shaft 11 is matched with the shape of the hole wall of the conical inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve 2, a friction plate 12 is fixed on the outer end face of each short shaft 11, each short shaft 11 can move in the corresponding radial through hole 10 in the radial direction, and the short shafts 11 are reset towards the direction close to the.

The outer side wall of the left section of the driven shaft sleeve is also provided with a plurality of radial locking inner holes 13, the driven shaft sleeve is designed into four radial locking inner holes 13 in the embodiment, the four radial locking inner holes 13 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the driven shaft sleeve, and a lock pin 14 is arranged in each radial locking inner hole 13; four radial locking outer holes 15 are formed in the wall of a conical inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve 2, the four radial locking outer holes 15 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the driving shaft sleeve 2, when the driven bearing 4 is at the left limit position, the four radial locking outer holes 15 are correspondingly communicated with the four radial locking inner holes 13 in a one-to-one abutting mode, and the lock pin 14 is completely located in the radial locking inner holes 13 in a natural state through a third resetting mechanism; under the effect of centrifugal force, the locking pin 14 moves outwards until a portion of the locking pin 14 is inserted into the radially outer locking hole 15.

Specifically, for convenient assembly, the passive axle sleeve is the split type structure that is formed by the assembly of taper bush 5 and circular axle sleeve 6, and threaded connection between taper bush 5 and the circular axle sleeve 6, the lateral wall through taper bush 5 cooperatees with the toper hole of initiative axle sleeve 2, and driven wheel 7 suit is on 6 lateral walls of circular axle sleeve, and the inner wall at the position that taper bush 5 and circular axle sleeve 6 are connected forms spacing recess 9.

Specifically, a first lubricating oil channel 17 is formed in the driving shaft 1, a second lubricating oil channel 18 is formed in the driving shaft sleeve 2, one end of the first lubricating oil channel 17 is communicated with a gap between the limiting convex ring 8 and the limiting groove 9, the other end of the first lubricating oil channel 17 is in sealed butt joint with one end of the second lubricating oil channel 18, the other end of the second lubricating oil channel 18 is in sealed butt joint with an oil channel of the cylinder body, lubricating oil is introduced into the second lubricating oil channel 18 through the oil channel of the cylinder body, an additional lubricating source is not needed, and cost improvement brought by an additional lubricating device is saved.

Specifically, the first reset mechanism comprises a first reset spring 19, a limit end plate 20 is arranged at the right end of the driven shaft sleeve, and the first reset spring 19 is located between the right end of the driving shaft 1 and the limit end plate 20 of the driven shaft sleeve. The left and right movement adjustment and buffering functions of the passive shaft sleeve are realized through the first return spring 19.

The second reset mechanism comprises a second reset spring 21, the radial through hole 10 of the driven shaft sleeve is a stepped hole with a large inner part and a small outer part, a limit ring is arranged at the inner end of the short shaft 11, the second reset spring 21 is sleeved on the short shaft 11, and the second reset spring 21 is positioned between the limit ring of the short shaft 11 and the stepped surface of the radial through hole 10 of the driven shaft sleeve.

The third return mechanism is a third return spring 22, the third return spring 22 is arranged in the radial locking outer hole 15, and the lock pin 14 is abutted against the radial locking inner hole 13 through the third return spring 22.

During operation, install this drive arrangement in the gear room of cylinder body, drive arrangement's action wheel 3 is connected with the driving source, and drive arrangement's follow driving wheel meshes with drive gear mutually, realizes the quick coupling of power or breaks away from between driving source and the drive gear through this drive arrangement, and concrete process is:

the driven shaft sleeve is pushed leftwards, the driven shaft sleeve moves leftwards, the four short shafts 11 move leftwards along the conical surface of the limiting convex ring 8, in the process, the four short shafts 11 expand outwards along the radial direction, so that friction plates 12 on the outer end faces of the four short shafts 11 are tightly attached to the hole wall of a conical inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve 2, at the moment, the driven shaft sleeve is connected with the driving shaft sleeve 2, and the driven bearing 4 rotates along with the driving shaft sleeve 2; meanwhile, under the action of centrifugal force, the centrifugal force overcomes the elastic force of the third return spring 22 to drive the four lock pins 14 to move outwards until a part of the lock pins 14 are inserted into the radial locking outer holes 15, so that the back-off safety is realized, and the driving part and the driven part are prevented from being disengaged accidentally. I.e. the joining is completed.

When the rotating speed of the driving wheel 3 is low or the rotation is stopped, the elastic force of the third return spring 22 overcomes the centrifugal force, and the four lock pins 14 are separated from the radial locking outer holes 15 under the action of the third return spring 22 and completely enter the radial locking inner holes 13; at the moment, under the action of the first return spring 19, the driven shaft sleeve moves rightwards to return; in the process, under the action of the second return spring 21, the four short shafts 11 move inwards in the radial direction, so that the friction plates 12 at the outer ends of the four short shafts 11 are separated from the hole wall of the conical inner hole of the driving shaft sleeve 2, and the driving part and the driven part are completely separated.

The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.