阅读说明：本技术 双重抖动分离马铃薯收获机减损铺放聚拢装置 (Double-shaking loss-reducing laying gathering device for separation potato harvester ) 是由 魏忠彩 苏国粱 孙传祝 王宪良 张祥彩 李润涛 王相友 于 2020-08-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种双重抖动分离马铃薯收获机减损铺放聚拢装置,包括机架、浮动装置、压土装置、双重抖动装置和驱动装置,其特征在于：机架包括纵梁、横梁、立柱和立板,浮动装置包括安装板、转盘、浮动盘和浮动架,呈矩形平板形状的安装板沿着长度方向的两端设有大小不等的2个轴线垂直于矩形板面的圆孔,呈圆柱形、且两端均设有销轴的压土辊两端支撑在2件浮动架的“L”形长臂远离连接板的末端,呈U形的刮土板通过2个U形侧边安装在2件浮动架的“L”形长臂上、且刮土板的U形开口朝着马铃薯收获机的前进方向。本发明减损防损效果好,且调整准确可靠,具有限位保护、减阻避障的优势,能够确保明薯率,提高收获品质。(The invention provides a loss-reducing laying gathering device of a double-shaking separation potato harvester, which comprises a rack, a floating device, a soil compacting device, a double-shaking device and a driving device, and is characterized in that: the frame includes the longeron, the crossbeam, stand and riser, floating installation includes the mounting panel, the carousel, floating disc and floating frame, the mounting panel that is the flat shape of rectangle is equipped with the round hole of 2 axis perpendicular to rectangle faces that the size is unequal along length direction's both ends, it is cylindrical, and both ends all are equipped with the soil pressing roller both ends support of round pin axle and keep away from the end of connecting plate at 2 floating frame "L" shape long arms, the scraper that is the U-shaped is installed on 2 floating frame "L" shape long arms through 2U-shaped sides, and the U-shaped opening of scraper is towards the direction of advance of potato harvester. The device has the advantages of good loss reduction and prevention effect, accurate and reliable adjustment, limit protection, resistance reduction and obstacle avoidance, and can ensure the sweet potato rate and improve the harvest quality.)

1. The utility model provides a dual shake separation potato harvester subtracts to decrease to spread puts and gathers together device, includes frame, floating installation, firming device, dual shake device and drive arrangement, its characterized in that: the frame comprises longitudinal beams, a cross beam (1), upright columns (2) and vertical plates (3), wherein one end of each of 2 upright columns (2) in a straight rod shape is respectively fixed at two ends of the cross beam (1), the 2 upright columns (2) and the 1 cross beam (1) are positioned in the same plane, namely, a structure in a shape like a Chinese character 'men' is formed, the middle parts of the 2 longitudinal beams I (4) in a shape like a straight rod are respectively fixedly connected with the middle parts of the 2 upright columns (2), the 2 longitudinal beams I (4) are perpendicular to the plane in a shape like a Chinese character 'men' formed by the 2 upright columns (2) and the 1 cross beam (1), the other ends of the 2 upright columns (2) far away from the cross beam (1) are respectively fixedly connected with one end of a longitudinal beam II (5), the longitudinal beam II (5) and the longitudinal beam I (4) are positioned in the same plane, the length of the longitudinal beam II (5) is smaller than half of the length of the longitudinal beam I (4), the, the other end of a reinforcing rod (6) is fixed on a longitudinal beam I (4), a cross rod (7) is arranged at one end part of each of 1 vertical columns (2) which are arranged at two ends of a cross beam (1) and the cross beam (7) and are fixed on 2 longitudinal beams I (4), a vertical plate (3) is fixed on the inner sides of the longitudinal beam I (4), the longitudinal beam II (5) and the reinforcing rod (6), one end of each of 2 longitudinal beams I (4) of the assembled rack, which is far away from the cross rod (7), faces the advancing direction of the potato harvester, the cross beam (1) and the cross rod (7) are perpendicular to the advancing direction of the potato harvester, the cross beam (1) is arranged above the longitudinal beams I (4) 2, the longitudinal beams II (5) are respectively arranged below the longitudinal beams I (4) 2, the floating device comprises a mounting plate (8), a rotary plate (9), a floating disc (10) and a floating frame (11), the two ends of a mounting plate (8) in a rectangular flat plate shape along the length direction are provided with round holes with 2 axis vertical to the rectangular plate surface, the round holes are internally provided with pin shafts (12) with axis vertical to the plate surface of the mounting plate (8), a rotary disc (9) in a ring shape is arranged in the large round hole, the thickness of the rotary disc (9) is 0.5-1.0 mm larger than the plate thickness of the mounting plate (8), the outer diameter of the rotary disc (9) is smaller than the inner diameter of the large round hole of the mounting plate (8), the outer diameter of a floating disc (10) in a disc shape is larger than the inner diameter of the large round hole of the mounting plate (8), the center of the floating disc (10) is provided with a round hole, the outer circle radially extends out 1 lug to the two sides, the lugs are provided with small holes, the short arm end parts of a floating frame (11) in an L shape are fixedly provided with connecting plates (13), the center of the connecting plates (13) is provided with a round hole, and the connecting plates (13) The two sides of a turntable (9) in a hole are installed together with the turntable (9), the centers of inner holes of a floating disc (10), a connecting plate (13) and the turntable (9) are coaxial, the long arm of a floating frame (11) is positioned at one side far away from the floating disc (10), 2 installing plates (8) provided with the turntable (9), the floating disc (10) and the floating frame (11) are respectively and symmetrically installed at the position, close to the upright post (2), of a longitudinal beam II (5) through a U-shaped bolt (14), 2 pin shafts (12) face outwards, the turntable (9) is positioned below the pin shaft (12), 2 floating discs (10) are all positioned at the outer side of the turntable (9), hanging ring bolts (16) are all installed at the edge of one end, close to a small circular hole, of each 2 installing plate (8), the hanging ring bolts (16) are all positioned at one side facing the advancing direction of the potato harvester, one end of each 2 tension spring (15) is hung on the hanging ring bolt (16) on, the other end of the tension spring (15) is respectively hung in the small hole of the lug on one side of the 2 floating discs (10) facing the advancing direction of the potato harvester, the two ends of the 2 traction chains I (17) are also respectively hung on the hanging ring bolts (16) and in the small hole of the lug on one side of the floating discs (10) facing the advancing direction of the potato harvester, one end of the 2 traction chains II (18) is hung in the small hole of the lug on one side of the floating discs (10) facing away from the advancing direction of the potato harvester, the other end of the 2 traction chains II (18) is respectively hung at the position, close to the reinforcing rod (6), of the longitudinal beam II (5), the L-shaped long arm of the floating frame (11) extends backwards facing away from the advancing direction of the potato harvester, the compaction device comprises a soil compaction roller (19) and a soil scraping plate (20), the two ends of the soil compaction roller (19) which are cylindrical and both ends of which are provided with pin shafts are supported at the tail end of the L-shaped long arm (13) far away from the connecting plate of the 2 floating frame (, the U-shaped soil scraping plate (20) is arranged on an L-shaped long arm of the 2 floating frames (11) through 2U-shaped side edges, the U-shaped opening of the soil scraping plate (20) faces the advancing direction of the potato harvester, the double shaking device comprises a shaking shaft (21) and a shaking wheel, wherein the shaking wheel comprises a shaking frame (22) and a shaking roller (23), the shaking frame (22) provided with a round hole in the center radially extends outwards to form 3 lugs, the 3 lugs are respectively provided with a round hole parallel to the axis of the central round hole, the centers of the 3 round holes are positioned on the same circumference taking the axis of the central round hole as the center, pin shafts of the 3 shaking rollers (23) are respectively arranged in the round holes of the 3 lugs of the shaking frame (22), two ends of the 2 shaking shaft (21) provided with the 3 shaking wheels are respectively supported on two sides of a stand column (2) of the frame, the 2 shaking shaft (21) is horizontally arranged, and the axis is all perpendicular to the advancing direction of the potato harvester, drive arrangement includes drive shaft (24), the sprocket, chain and transmission shaft (25), drive shaft (24) both ends are supported respectively in 2 longeron I (4) belows of frame, the strong lever (6) one side is kept away from in pivot point position 2 stand (2), and be located between 1 dither axis (21) and stand (2), the end that stretches out behind riser (3) of frame is passed to drive shaft (24) one end is equipped with double sprocket I (26), the end that stretches out behind riser (3) is passed to one end that 2 dither axis (21) are close to double sprocket I (26) all is equipped with single sprocket I (27), and install single sprocket I (27) and double sprocket I (26) on 1 dither axis (21) of keeping away from stand (2) one side that lie in the same plane with the outside sprocket that keeps away from the frame that lie in single sprocket I (27) and double sprocket I (26) on another 1 dither axis (21) that lie in stand (2) keep away from drive shaft (24) one side are located and are close to being close to double sprocket I (26) being located The inner side chain wheel of the rack is located in the same plane, the lower end of the upright post (2) close to one side of the double chain wheel I (26) is provided with the double chain wheel II (28), the double chain wheel II (28) is located in the same plane with the inner side chain wheel close to the rack and the double chain wheel I (26), the double chain wheel I (26) is located in the same plane with the outer side chain wheel far away from the rack and the single chain wheel I (27) arranged on the single chain wheel I (27) on the 1 shaking shaft (21) far away from one side of the upright post (2) and is provided with the same chain I (29), the double chain wheel I (26) and the double chain wheel II (28) are located in the same plane with the single chain wheel I (27) arranged on the other 1 shaking shaft (21) far away from one side of the upright post (2) and are provided with the same chain II (30), the double chain I (26) and the two ends of the transmission shaft (25) with the axis vertical to the advancing direction of the potato harvester are respectively The lower part of a short arm of a floating frame (11), the outer end of a transmission shaft (25) close to a mounting plate (8) sequentially penetrates through a connecting plate (13) of the floating frame (11), a rotating disc (9) and an extension end behind a floating disc (10) to be provided with a single chain wheel II (31), the single chain wheel II (31) and a double chain wheel II (28) are positioned on the same plane far away from an outer side chain wheel of a rack, the double chain wheel II (28) is positioned on the outer side chain wheel far away from the rack and the single chain wheel II (31) to be hung with 1 chain III (32), the inner end of the transmission shaft (25) far away from the mounting plate (8) is provided with a single chain wheel III (33), a pin shaft of a soil pressing roller (19) close to one end of the single chain wheel III (33) penetrates through the extension end of the floating frame (11) to be provided with a single chain wheel IV (34), the single chain wheel IV (34) and the single chain wheel III (33) are positioned on the same plane, and the, the outer side of a vertical plate (3) on one side of the double chain wheel I (26) arranged on the outer side of the rack is provided with a 5-face shield (36) in a rectangular box shape, and the opening of the 5-face shield (36) faces the rack and covers the chain I (29), the chain II (30), the double chain wheel I (26), the double chain wheel II (28) and the 2 single chain wheels I (27).

Technical Field

The invention provides a loss-reducing laying gathering device of a double-shaking separation potato harvester, which is mainly used for loss reduction and loss prevention in the mechanical harvesting process of potatoes.

Background

At present, in the existing potato sectional type harvester, potato soil mixture directly falls on the ground surface after being separated and cleaned on a separating screen, and the ground surface after being harvested is higher than the original furrow position, so that potato blocks falling on the edge close to the furrow slide to the furrow, and the potato blocks are damaged due to rolling property caused by the running of tractor tires and land wheels of the harvester. If the harvested ground surface can be leveled according to the operation conditions, namely the soil compacting device which can realize convenient adjustment and self-adaptive control on the harvested ground surface is applied, the separated potato blocks fall to the harvested ground surface subjected to soil compacting, so that the potato can be harvested cleanly, the potato damage rate can be further reduced, the adjustment is accurate and reliable, and the harvesting quality is improved.

At present, the mechanized popularization degree of domestic potato harvesting is higher, and the side flow prevention and loss reduction in the harvesting process are the key points for ensuring the potato harvesting quality. Therefore, the invention applies for the national invention patent of 'the lateral flow prevention and loss reduction self-adaptive soil compacting device of the potato harvester', and the application numbers are as follows: 202010772109.2. in order to further improve the compaction effect and the harvest quality, the invention provides a national invention patent 'loss reduction and prevention elastic control soil compaction mechanism of a potato harvester', and the application number is as follows: 202010772075.7. the two technologies can realize compaction and leveling operation in the potato harvesting process, especially can realize lateral flow prevention, loss reduction and loss prevention and improve the potato harvesting quality to a certain extent. However, field experiments find that the real-time floating compaction effects of the two technologies are far from insufficient, and the floating compaction effect of the soil compacting roller is insufficient, so that the resistance reduction and obstacle avoidance capabilities of the compaction device are poor, partial lateral flow and burying phenomena of potatoes are caused, the potato rate is influenced, and unnecessary potato harvesting loss is generated. Therefore, how to realize the efficient floating adjustment of the soil pressing roller is the core influencing the soil pressing operation reliability of the potato harvester, is also the technical key for determining the potato harvesting quality, and is the urgent practical engineering requirement for improving the adaptability of the potato harvester to different harvesting working conditions.

In view of the current situation of the potato harvesting machine, a potato harvester with a double-shaking separation potato harvester loss reduction, laying and gathering device is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a double-shaking separation potato harvester damage-reducing laying and gathering device which can realize damage-reducing laying, automatically level soil on the ground surface of a harvested potato harvester, realize floating adjustment, work stability and reliability and has a wide application range.

The technical scheme is as follows: the soil compacting device comprises a frame, a floating device, a soil compacting device, a double shaking device and a driving device, wherein the frame comprises longitudinal beams, cross beams, stand columns and vertical plates, one end of each of 2 vertical beams in a straight rod shape is respectively fixed at two ends of each cross beam, the 2 vertical beams and the 1 cross beam are positioned in the same plane, namely, a structure in the shape of a 'door' is formed, the middle parts of the 2 longitudinal beams I in the straight rod shape are respectively fixedly connected with the middle parts of the 2 vertical beams, the 2 longitudinal beams I are all vertical to the plane in the shape of the 'door' formed by the 2 vertical beams and the 1 cross beam, the other ends of the 2 vertical beams far away from the cross beam are respectively fixedly connected with one ends of the longitudinal beams II, the longitudinal beams II and the longitudinal beams I are positioned in the same plane, the length of the longitudinal beams II is less than half of the length of the longitudinal beams I, the other ends of the longitudinal beams II are fixedly connected with, the transverse rod is parallel to the transverse beam, 1 vertical plate is fixed on the inner sides of 1 upright column, a longitudinal beam I, a longitudinal beam II and a reinforcing rod which are positioned at two ends of the transverse beam and the transverse rod respectively, one end of 2 longitudinal beams I of the assembled rack, which is far away from the transverse rod, faces the advancing direction of the potato harvester, the transverse beam and the transverse rod are perpendicular to the advancing direction of the potato harvester, the transverse beam is positioned above the 2 longitudinal beams I, the 2 longitudinal beams II are respectively positioned below the 2 longitudinal beams I, the floating device comprises a mounting plate, a turntable, a floating disc and a floating frame, two ends of the rectangular flat plate-shaped mounting plate along the length direction are provided with 2 round holes with different sizes and with axes perpendicular to the rectangular plate surface, a pin shaft with axes perpendicular to the mounting plate surface is arranged in the small round hole, the circular ring-shaped turntable is arranged in the large round hole, the thickness of the turntable is 0.5-1.0 mm larger than the thickness of the, the outer diameter of the floating disc in a disc shape is larger than the inner diameter of a large circular hole of the mounting plate, a circular hole is arranged at the center of the floating disc, 1 lug extends out of an outer circle to two sides along the radial direction, small holes are formed in the lugs, a connecting plate is fixed at the end part of a short arm of the floating frame in an L shape, the center of the connecting plate is provided with the circular hole, the connecting plates of 1 floating disc and 1 floating frame are respectively positioned at two sides of a turntable arranged in the large circular hole of the mounting plate and are installed together with the turntable, the centers of the floating disc, the connecting plate and the inner hole of the turntable are coaxial, a long arm of the floating frame is positioned at one side far away from the floating disc, 2 mounting plates provided with the turntable, the floating disc and the floating frame are respectively and symmetrically arranged at the position, close to the upright post, of the longitudinal beam II, 2 pin shafts face outwards, the turntable is positioned below the, and the hanging ring bolts are all positioned on one side facing the advancing direction of the potato harvester, one end of 2 tension springs is hung on the hanging ring bolts arranged on the mounting plate, the other ends of the tension springs are respectively hung in the small holes of the lugs on one side of the 2 floating discs facing the advancing direction of the potato harvester, the two ends of 2 traction chains I are also respectively hung on the hanging ring bolts and the small holes of the lugs on one side of the floating discs facing the advancing direction of the potato harvester, one end of 2 traction chains II is hung in the small holes of the lugs on one side of the floating discs facing the advancing direction of the potato harvester, the other ends of 2 traction chains II are respectively hung at the positions, close to the reinforcing rods, of the longitudinal beams II, the L-shaped long arm of the floating frame extends backwards facing the advancing direction of the potato harvester, the compaction device comprises a soil pressing roller and a soil scraping plate, the two ends of the soil pressing roller which is cylindrical and both ends of which are provided with pin shafts are supported at the tail ends, far away from the connecting plate, of the L-shaped long, the U-shaped soil scraping plate is arranged on an L-shaped long arm of the 2 floating frames through 2U-shaped side edges, a U-shaped opening of the soil scraping plate faces the advancing direction of the potato harvester, the double shaking device comprises a shaking shaft and a shaking wheel, wherein the shaking wheel comprises a shaking frame and a shaking roller, 3 lugs radially and outwards extend out of the shaking frame with a round hole in the center, round holes parallel to the axis of the central round hole are formed in the 3 lugs, the centers of the 3 round holes are positioned on the same circumference taking the axis of the central round hole as the center, pin shafts of the 3 shaking rollers are respectively arranged in the round holes of the 3 lugs of the shaking frame, two ends of the 2 shaking shafts provided with the 3 shaking wheels are respectively supported on two sides of a stand column of the frame, the 2 shaking shafts are horizontally arranged, the axes are perpendicular to the advancing direction of the potato harvester, the driving device comprises a driving shaft, a chain wheel, a chain and a transmission shaft, two ends of the driving shaft are respectively supported below the 2 longitudinal beams of the frame, the supporting point is located on one side, far away from the reinforcing rod, of 2 stand columns and located between 1 shaking shaft and the stand columns, a double-chain wheel I is installed at the extending end, after one end of the driving shaft penetrates through a vertical plate of the rack, of the double-chain wheel I is installed at the extending end, after one end, close to the double-chain wheel I, of the driving shaft penetrates through the vertical plate, the single-chain wheel I and the double-chain wheel I which are installed on the 1 shaking shaft, far away from one side of the driving shaft, of the driving shaft are located in the same plane, the single-chain wheel I and the double-chain wheel I which are installed on the other 1 shaking shaft, far away from one side of the driving shaft are located in the same plane, a double-chain wheel II is installed at the lower end, close to one side of the double-chain wheel I, located in the same plane, close to the inner side chain wheel of the rack and the double-chain wheel I, the outer side of the The same 1 piece of chain I is hung on the chain wheel I, the same 1 piece of chain II is hung on the single chain wheel I which is arranged on the inner side chain wheel close to the stand and is arranged on the other 1 piece of shaking shaft which is arranged on one side of the stand column far away from the driving shaft, two ends of a transmission shaft which is horizontally arranged and has the axis vertical to the advancing direction of the potato harvester are respectively supported below a short arm of a floating frame of a floating device near one side of the double chain wheel I, the outer end of the transmission shaft near the mounting plate sequentially penetrates through a connecting plate of the floating frame, a turntable and an extending end of the floating disc and is provided with a single chain wheel II, the single chain wheel II and the double chain wheel II are arranged in the same plane and are arranged on the outer side chain wheel far away from the stand and the single chain wheel II, the same 1 piece of chain III is hung on the inner end of the transmission shaft far away from the mounting plate, a pin shaft at one end of the soil pressing, single sprocket IV is located the coplanar with single sprocket III, and single sprocket III and single sprocket IV go up to hang 1 with chain IV, and the frame outside is equipped with the riser outside of I one side of double sprocket and is equipped with 5 face shields that are rectangular box shape, and the opening of 5 face shields is towards the frame, and covers chain I, chain II and double sprocket I, double sprocket II and 2 single sprockets I.

Based on the prior art, 2 upright posts in a straight rod shape are respectively fixed at two ends of a cross beam, the 2 upright posts and 1 cross beam are positioned in the same plane to form a door-shaped structure, the middle parts of 2 longitudinal beams I in a straight rod shape are respectively fixedly connected with the middle parts of the 2 upright posts, the 2 longitudinal beams I are all vertical to the door-shaped plane formed by the 2 upright posts and the 1 cross beam, the other ends of the 2 upright posts, far away from the cross beam, are all fixedly connected with one end of a longitudinal beam II, the longitudinal beam II and the longitudinal beam I are positioned in the same plane, the length of the longitudinal beam II is smaller than half of that of the longitudinal beam I, the other end of the longitudinal beam II is fixedly connected with one end of a reinforcing rod, the other end of the reinforcing rod is fixed on the longitudinal beam I, a cross rod is arranged at the end part, fixed with the reinforcing rod, of the 2 longitudinal beam I, the cross rod is parallel to the cross beam, The inner sides of the longitudinal beam I, the longitudinal beam II and the reinforcing rod are respectively fixed with 1 vertical plate, one end of 2 longitudinal beams I of the assembled rack, which is far away from the cross rod, faces to the advancing direction of the potato harvester, the cross beam and the cross rod are perpendicular to the advancing direction of the potato harvester, the cross beam is positioned above the 2 longitudinal beams I, the 2 longitudinal beams II are respectively positioned below the 2 longitudinal beams I, the floating device comprises a mounting plate, a turntable, a floating disc and a floating frame, two ends of the rectangular flat plate-shaped mounting plate along the length direction are provided with 2 round holes with different sizes, the axes of the round holes are perpendicular to the rectangular plate surface, a pin shaft with the axis perpendicular to the mounting plate surface is arranged in each small round hole, the large round hole is internally provided with a circular ring-shaped turntable, the thickness of the turntable is 0.5-1.0 mm larger than the thickness of the mounting plate, the outer diameter of the turntable is smaller than the inner diameter of, the center of the floating disc is provided with a round hole, the outer circle extends 1 lug to two sides along the radial direction, the lugs are provided with small holes, the end part of the short arm of the floating frame in an L shape is fixed with a connecting plate, the center of the connecting plate is provided with the round hole, the connecting plates of 1 floating disc and 1 floating frame are respectively arranged at two sides of a turntable arranged in a large round hole of the mounting plate and are arranged together with the turntable, the centers of the floating disc, the connecting plate and the inner hole of the turntable are coaxial, the long arm of the floating frame is arranged at one side far away from the floating disc, 2 mounting plates provided with the turntable, the floating disc and the floating frame are respectively and symmetrically arranged at the position close to the upright post of a longitudinal beam II through U-shaped bolts, 2 pin shafts face outwards, the turntable is arranged below the pin shafts, 2 floating discs are arranged at the outer side of the turntable, the edge of one end of the 2 mounting plates, one end of 2 tension springs is hung on a hanging ring bolt arranged on a mounting plate, the other end of each tension spring is respectively hung in a small hole of a lug on one side of the 2 floating discs towards the advancing direction of the potato harvester, the two ends of 2 traction chains I are also respectively hung on the hanging ring bolt and in a small hole of a lug on one side of the floating discs towards the advancing direction of the potato harvester, one end of 2 traction chains II is hung in a small hole of a lug on one side of the floating discs towards the advancing direction away from the potato harvester, the other end of 2 traction chains II is respectively hung at a position close to a reinforcing rod of a longitudinal beam II, an L-shaped long arm of the floating frame extends backwards towards the advancing direction away from the potato harvester, the compaction device comprises a soil pressing roller and a soil scraping plate, the two ends of the soil pressing roller which is cylindrical and both ends of which are provided with pin shafts are supported at the tail end of the L-shaped long arm of the 2 floating frame away from the connecting plate, the U-shaped soil scraping plate is arranged on an L-shaped long arm of the 2 floating frames through 2U-shaped side edges, a U-shaped opening of the soil scraping plate faces the advancing direction of the potato harvester, the double shaking device comprises a shaking shaft and a shaking wheel, wherein the shaking wheel comprises a shaking frame and a shaking roller, 3 lugs radially and outwards extend out of the shaking frame with a round hole in the center, round holes parallel to the axis of the central round hole are formed in the 3 lugs, the centers of the 3 round holes are positioned on the same circumference taking the axis of the central round hole as the center, pin shafts of the 3 shaking rollers are respectively arranged in the round holes of the 3 lugs of the shaking frame, two ends of the 2 shaking shafts provided with the 3 shaking wheels are respectively supported on two sides of a stand column of the frame, the 2 shaking shafts are horizontally arranged, the axes are perpendicular to the advancing direction of the potato harvester, the driving device comprises a driving shaft, a chain wheel, a chain and a transmission shaft, two ends of the driving shaft are respectively supported below the 2 longitudinal beams of the frame, the supporting point is positioned on one side of 2 upright posts far away from the reinforcing rod and between 1 shaking shaft and the upright posts, after the power output by the power output shaft of the tractor is transmitted to the driving shaft, the extending end of one end of the driving shaft, which passes through the vertical plate of the stand frame, is provided with a double chain wheel I, the extending ends of the 2 shaking shafts, which are close to the double chain wheels I, which pass through the vertical plate are provided with single chain wheels I, the single chain wheel I arranged on the 1 shaking shaft positioned on one side of the driving shaft far away from the upright posts and the double chain wheel I are positioned in the same plane, the outer side chain wheel, which is positioned far away from the stand frame, is provided with a single chain wheel I and the double chain wheel I positioned on the other 1 shaking shaft positioned on one side of the stand frame are positioned in the same plane, the lower end of the upright post, which is close to one side of the double chain wheel, the chain wheel I at the outer side of the double chain wheel I far away from the rack and the single chain wheel I arranged on the 1 shaking shaft at one side of the driving shaft far away from the upright post are hung with 1 chain I so as to drive the single chain wheel I on the 1 shaking shaft at one side far away from the upright post to operate; the double chain wheel I and the double chain wheel II are positioned on an inner side chain wheel close to the rack and a single chain wheel I arranged on the other 1 shaking shafts positioned on the side, far away from the driving shaft, of the upright column, and the same 1 chain II is hung on the single chain wheel I so as to drive the single chain wheel I on the other 1 shaking shafts far away from the driving shaft to operate; two ends of a transmission shaft which is horizontally arranged and has an axis vertical to the advancing direction of the potato harvester are respectively supported below a short arm of a floating frame on one side of a floating device close to a double-chain wheel I, the outer end of the transmission shaft close to an installation plate sequentially penetrates through a connecting plate of the floating frame, a turntable and an extension end of the floating disc to be provided with a single-chain wheel II, the single-chain wheel II and the double-chain wheel II are positioned on an outer side chain wheel far away from a rack and are positioned in the same plane, and the double-chain wheel II is positioned on an outer side chain wheel far away from the rack and is hung with 1 chain III so as to drive the; the inner end of the transmission shaft, which is far away from the mounting plate, is provided with a single chain wheel III, the pin shaft of the soil compacting roller, which is close to one end of the single chain wheel III, penetrates through the extending end of the floating frame and is provided with a single chain wheel IV, the single chain wheel IV and the single chain wheel III are positioned in the same plane, and the single chain wheel III and the single chain wheel IV are hung with 1 chain IV so as to drive the single chain wheel IV and the soil compacting roller to operate; the riser outside that the frame outside was equipped with I one side of double sprocket is equipped with 5 face guard shields that are rectangular box shape, and the opening of 5 face guard shields is towards the frame, and covers chain I, chain II and double sprocket I, double sprocket II and 2 single sprocket I.

The working principle is as follows: the double-shaking separation potato harvester loss reduction laying gathering device comprises a rack, a floating device, a soil compacting device, a double-shaking device and a driving device. The power output by the power output shaft of the tractor is transmitted to the driving shaft, so that the driving single chain wheel IV and the soil compacting roller are driven to operate, the power is provided for the soil compacting roller of the soil compacting device, and the soft ground surface after harvesting is leveled and compacted. The power of tractor is transmitted on the double sprocket I of installing in drive shaft one side through back output shaft to through double sprocket I and keep away from 1 chain II between the single sprocket I on the drive shaft one side with the drive transmission to double sprocket II, single sprocket II is through transmission shaft and single sprocket III and the chain IV that hangs on the single sprocket IV with power transmission for the firming roller.

In the harvesting process, the mounting plate is fixed on the frame, the circular ring-shaped rotary table is arranged in the large circular hole of the mounting plate, namely the large circular hole of the mounting plate can be regarded as a shaft sleeve, the rotary table can be regarded as a shaft, and the rotary table rotates in the large circular hole of the mounting plate, so that floating soil compacting operation can be realized. Therefore, the soil pressing roller, the soil scraping plate, the floating disc, the rotary disc and the floating frame are all in a floating state, the thickness of the rotary disc is 0.5mm-1.0mm larger than that of the mounting plate, a certain gap is reserved between the rotary disc and the floating disc, and the rotary disc can flexibly rotate under different working conditions by virtue of the gap. If the working condition that the surface of the harvested ground is uneven is met, the soil pressing roller can properly float, and the effects of resistance reduction and obstacle avoidance can be realized. In order to solve the problem that the soil pressing effect is poor only by means of the self weight of the soil pressing roller, a certain compaction acting force can be applied to the operation ground surface by adjusting the pre-tightening force of the tension spring, and the compaction effect is ensured. Meanwhile, the soil compacting degree of the soil compacting roller can be adjusted by changing the pre-tightening force of the tension spring according to the soil condition of the harvested land. The floating device can determine the degree of leveling and compaction of the soil compacting roller according to the actual harvesting working condition and the soil condition, thereby playing the roles of limiting protection, reducing resistance and avoiding obstacles.

In the process of compaction operation, if obstacles such as large-size stones exist in front of the soil compacting roller, namely the obstacles float too much, the stroke of the tension spring is increased and exceeds the normal operation range, and if the soil compacting roller floats too much, other parts of the harvester can be damaged by collision. In order to avoid the overlarge floating of the soil pressing roller, the two ends of the arranged traction chain I are respectively hung on the hanging ring bolt and in the small hole of the lug of the floating disc on one side of the advancing direction of the potato harvester, namely, when the tension spring exceeds the normal stroke, the traction chain I plays a role in dragging and guiding, and the limiting protection effect can be played. In order to avoid the problem that the soil pressing roller is still contacted with the ground surface under the action of gravity and is easy to damage in a non-operation state, the soil pressing roller can be hoisted by the traction chain II when the tractor backs up the potato harvester, and the safety of the soil pressing roller is ensured. When the scraper is used for working under the condition of heavy soil, the soil adhered to the soil pressing roller can be scraped by the scraper plate so as to avoid congestion. In the potato harvesting operation process, if stones or ground surface bulges distributed on the ground surface are arranged in front of the soil pressing roller, the soil pressing roller is lifted upwards, the rear part of the L-shaped long arm of the floating frame floats upwards, the tension spring is stretched to be lengthened, and the traction chain I is limited; if the ground surface in front of the soil pressing roller is concave, the soil pressing roller moves downwards, the rear part of the L-shaped long arm of the floating frame floats downwards, and the tension spring is compressed and shortened.

Compared with the prior art, the damage-reducing laying gathering device of the double-shaking separation potato harvester is additionally arranged, so that the compaction degree of the actual harvested ground surface can be adjusted and controlled to be always kept within a set range, and the double-shaking separation potato harvester has the double advantages of limiting protection, resistance reduction and obstacle avoidance. Meanwhile, when the device is subjected to a fluctuating ground surface and a stone working condition, the soil pressing roller, the soil scraping plate, the floating disc, the rotary disc and the floating frame are all in a floating operation state, and meanwhile, the device can be adjusted and controlled according to the soil working condition, so that the crushing damage of the potato rolling is avoided, the harvesting quality of the potato is ensured to the maximum extent, and the mechanical harvesting rate of the potato is also improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 with the 5-face shield concealed;

FIG. 3 is an isometric view of the embodiment of the flotation device, soil compacting device and portions of the drive unit shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an isometric view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 in another orientation with respect to the flotation device, the soil compacting device, and a portion of the drive mechanism;

FIG. 5 is a partial isometric view of the embodiment of the floatation device shown in FIG. 1, concealing the floating disk and a portion of the drive device;

FIG. 6 is a partial isometric view of the embodiment of the flotation device of FIG. 1 with the floating disk and turntable hidden from view;

FIG. 7 is an isometric view of the dithering apparatus and single-chain wheel I of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is an isometric view of the frame of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

fig. 9 is an isometric view of the floating frame of the embodiment of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

1. The device comprises a cross beam 2, a vertical column 3, a vertical plate 4, a longitudinal beam I5, a longitudinal beam II 6, a reinforcing rod 7, a cross rod 8, a mounting plate 9, a rotary table 10, a floating disc 11, a floating frame 12, a pin shaft 13, a connecting plate 14, a U-shaped bolt 15, a tension spring 16, a suspension bolt 17, a traction chain I18, a traction chain II 19, a soil compacting roller 20, a soil scraping plate 21, a shaking shaft 22, a shaking frame 23, a shaking roller 24, a driving shaft 25, a driving shaft 26, a double-chain wheel I27, a single-chain wheel I28, a double-chain wheel II 29, a chain I30, a chain II 31, a single-chain wheel II 32, a chain III 33, a single-chain wheel III 34, a single-chain wheel.

In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1-9: on the basis of the prior art, one end of 2 upright posts 2 in a straight rod shape of a rack is respectively fixed at two ends of a cross beam 1, the 2 upright posts 2 and the 1 cross beam 1 are positioned in the same plane to form a structure in a shape of a 'door', the middle parts of 2 longitudinal beams I4 in a straight rod shape are respectively fixedly connected with the middle parts of the 2 upright posts 2, the 2 longitudinal beams I4 are all vertical to the plane in a shape of a 'door' formed by the 2 upright posts 2 and the 1 cross beam 1, the other ends of the 2 upright posts 2 far away from the cross beam 1 are respectively fixedly connected with one end of a longitudinal beam II 5, the longitudinal beam II 5 and the longitudinal beam I4 are positioned in the same plane, the length of the longitudinal beam II 5 is smaller than half of the length of the longitudinal beam I4, the other end of the longitudinal beam II 5 is fixedly connected with one end of a reinforcing rod 6, the other end of the reinforcing rod 6 is fixed on the longitudinal beam I4, the transverse rod 7 is parallel to the transverse rod 1, 1 vertical plate 3 is fixed on the inner sides of 1 upright post 2, longitudinal beam I4, longitudinal beam II 5 and reinforcing rod 6 which are positioned at two ends of the transverse rod 1 and the transverse rod 7 respectively, one end of 2 longitudinal beams I4 of the assembled rack, which is far away from the transverse rod 7, faces the advancing direction of the potato harvester, the transverse rod 1 and the transverse rod 7 are perpendicular to the advancing direction of the potato harvester, the transverse rod 1 is positioned above the 2 longitudinal beams I4, the 2 longitudinal beams II 5 are respectively positioned below the 2 longitudinal beams I4, two ends of a rectangular flat plate-shaped mounting plate 8 of the floating device along the length direction are provided with 2 round holes with different sizes, the axes of the round holes are perpendicular to a rectangular plate surface, pin shafts 12 with the axes perpendicular to the plate surface of the mounting plate 8 are arranged in the small round holes, a circular ring-shaped turntable 9 is arranged in the large round holes, and the thickness of the turntable 9 is 0.5mm, the outer diameter of the rotary disk 9 is smaller than the inner diameter of a large round hole of the mounting plate 8, the outer diameter of the floating disk 10 in a disk shape is larger than the inner diameter of the large round hole of the mounting plate 8, a round hole is arranged at the center of the floating disk 10, 1 lug extends from the outer circle to two sides along the radial direction, small holes are arranged on the lugs, a connecting plate 13 is fixed at the end part of a short arm of the floating frame 11 in an L shape, the round hole is arranged at the center of the connecting plate 13, the connecting plates 13 of 1 floating disk 10 and 1 floating frame 11 are respectively positioned at two sides of the rotary disk 9 arranged in the large round hole of the mounting plate 8 and are arranged with the rotary disk 9, the centers of the inner holes of the floating disk 10, the connecting plate 13 and the rotary disk 9 are coaxial, the long arm of the floating frame 11 is positioned at one side far away from the floating disk 10, 2 mounting plates 8 provided with the rotary disk 9, the turntable 9 is positioned below the pin shaft 12, the 2 floating discs 10 are positioned outside the turntable 9, the edge of one end, close to a small circular hole, of the 2 mounting plates 8 is provided with a hanging ring bolt 16, the hanging ring bolts 16 are positioned on one side facing the advancing direction of the potato harvester, one end of the 2 tension springs 15 is hung on the hanging ring bolt 16 arranged on the mounting plates 8, the other ends of the tension springs 15 are respectively hung in small holes of lugs on one side, facing the advancing direction of the potato harvester, of the 2 floating discs 10, two ends of the 2 traction chains I17 are also respectively hung in small holes of the hanging ring bolts 16 and the lugs on one side, facing the advancing direction of the potato harvester, of the floating discs 10, one end of the 2 traction chains II 18 is hung in small holes of the lugs on one side, facing the advancing direction of the potato harvester, of the floating discs 10, and the other ends of the 2 traction chains II 18 are respectively hung at positions, close to the reinforcing rods 6, of the, and the L-shaped long arm of the floating frame 11 extends backwards in the direction departing from the advancing direction of the potato harvester, the two ends of a soil pressing roller 19 which is cylindrical and is provided with pin shafts at the two ends are supported at the tail end of the L-shaped long arm of the 2 floating frames 11 far away from the connecting plate 13, a U-shaped soil scraping plate 20 is arranged on the L-shaped long arm of the 2 floating frames 11 through 2U-shaped side edges, the U-shaped opening of the soil scraping plate 20 faces the advancing direction of the potato harvester, a shaking frame 22 with a round hole at the center of a shaking wheel radially extends outwards for 3 lugs, round holes parallel to the axis of the central round hole are arranged on the 3 lugs, the centers of the 3 round holes are arranged on the same circumference taking the axis of the central round hole as the center, the pin shafts of the 3 shaking rollers 23 are respectively arranged in the round holes of the 3 lugs of the shaking frame 22, the two ends of the 2 shaking shafts 21 with the 3 shaking wheels are respectively supported at the two sides of the upright post 2 of the frame, the two ends of a driving shaft 24 of the driving device are respectively supported below 2 longitudinal beams I4 of the stand, supporting points are positioned on one side, far away from the reinforcing rod 6, of the 2 upright posts 2 and are positioned between the 1 shaking shaft 21 and the upright posts 2, a double chain wheel I26 is arranged at an extending end of one end of the driving shaft 24, penetrating through a vertical plate 3 of the stand, of the 2 shaking shafts 21, a single chain wheel I27 is arranged at an extending end of one end, close to the double chain wheel I26, of the 2 shaking shafts 21, penetrating through the vertical plate 3, the single chain wheel I27 and the double chain wheel I26 which are arranged on the 1 shaking shaft 21 on one side, far away from the upright posts 24, of the driving shaft 24 are positioned in the same plane as an outer side chain wheel far away from the stand, the single chain wheel I27 and the double chain wheel I26 which are arranged on the other 1 shaking shaft 21 on one side, far away from the driving shaft 24, of, the lower end of the upright post 2 close to one side of the double chain wheel I26 is provided with a double chain wheel II 28, the inner side chain wheel of the double chain wheel II 28 close to the rack and the inner side chain wheel of the double chain wheel I26 close to the rack are positioned in the same plane, the double chain wheel I26 is positioned on the outer side chain wheel far away from the rack and a single chain wheel I27 arranged on 1 shaking shaft 21 positioned on one side of the driving shaft 24 far away from the upright post 2 are hung with 1 piece of chain I29, the double chain wheel I26 and the double chain wheel II 28 are positioned on the inner side chain wheel close to the rack and a single chain wheel I27 arranged on the other 1 shaking shaft 21 positioned on one side of the upright post 2 far away from the driving shaft 24 are hung with 1 piece of chain II 30, two ends of a transmission shaft 25 which is horizontally arranged and has an axis vertical to the advancing direction of the potato harvester are respectively supported below the short arm of the floating frame 11 of the floating device close to, The rear extending ends of the turntable 9 and the floating disc 10 are provided with a single chain wheel II 31, the single chain wheel II 31 and a double chain wheel II 28 are positioned on the outer side chain wheel far away from the rack and positioned in the same plane, the double chain wheel II 28 is positioned on the outer side chain wheel far away from the rack and hung with 1 piece of chain III 32 on the single chain wheel II 31, the inner end of the transmission shaft 25 far away from the mounting plate 8 is provided with a single chain wheel III 33, the extending end of the soil compacting roller 19 close to one end of the single chain wheel III 33 after penetrating through the floating frame 11 is provided with a single chain wheel IV 34, the single chain wheel IV 34 and the single chain wheel III 33, and 1 piece of chain IV 35 is hung on the single chain wheel III 33 and the single chain wheel IV 34, a 5-face shield 36 in a rectangular box shape is arranged on the outer side of the vertical plate 3 on the side of the double chain wheel I26 arranged on the outer side of the rack, and the opening of the 5-face shield 36 faces the rack and covers the chain I29, the chain II 30, the double chain wheel I26, the double chain wheel II 28 and 2 pieces of single chain wheel I27.