阅读说明：本技术 一种人参茎叶总皂苷的提取工艺 (Extraction process of total saponins of ginseng stem and leaf ) 是由 李小丽 宋细忠 王德红 陈述耀 习梅兰 黄成� 尹炜 黄样华 谭群 郭磊夫 于 2020-08-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种人参茎叶总皂苷的提取工艺,属于中医药领域,其包括以下步骤：步骤一：使用含水量0-20wt％的低碳醇溶液对人参茎叶原料进行脱残处理,得预处理人参茎叶原液；步骤二：对步骤一中的预处理人参茎叶原液里通入氮气,同时进行搅拌,得到含人参总皂苷的泡沫和残留液,将所述泡沫和所述残留液分离；步骤三：将步骤二中的泡沫溶解,获得人参总皂苷溶液,调节pH,将人参总皂苷溶液过大孔树脂柱,用乙醇或乙醇水溶液进行洗脱,收集洗脱液,蒸发,得人参总皂苷,本发明的提取工艺采用泡沫分离法对总皂苷进行提取,提取率大大增加,同时保证了人参茎叶的绿色安全性。(The invention discloses an extraction process of total saponins in ginseng stems and leaves, belonging to the field of traditional Chinese medicine, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: removing residues of the ginseng stem and leaf raw materials by using a low-carbon alcohol solution with the water content of 0-20 wt% to obtain a pretreated ginseng stem and leaf stock solution; step two: introducing nitrogen into the stock solution of the pretreated ginseng stems and leaves in the first step, stirring simultaneously to obtain foams and residual solution containing the total saponins of ginseng, and separating the foams from the residual solution; step three: and D, dissolving the foam in the step two to obtain a ginseng total saponin solution, adjusting the pH value, passing the ginseng total saponin solution through a macroporous resin column, eluting with ethanol or an ethanol water solution, collecting eluent, and evaporating to obtain the ginseng total saponin.)

1. A process for extracting total saponins from stems and leaves of ginseng is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: removing residues of the ginseng stem and leaf raw materials by using a low-carbon alcohol solution with the water content of 0-20 wt% to obtain a pretreated ginseng stem and leaf stock solution;

step two: introducing nitrogen into the stock solution of the pretreated ginseng stems and leaves in the first step, stirring simultaneously to obtain foams and residual solution containing the total saponins of ginseng, and separating the foams from the residual solution;

step three: dissolving the foam obtained in the second step to obtain a ginseng total saponin solution, adjusting the pH value, passing the ginseng total saponin solution through a macroporous resin column, eluting with ethanol or an ethanol water solution, collecting the eluent, and evaporating to obtain the ginseng total saponin.

2. The extraction process of the total saponins of ginseng stems and leaves according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the first step, residue removal treatment is specifically to perform extraction on the raw materials of the stems and leaves of the ginseng for at least 2 times by using a low-carbon alcohol solution with the water content of 0-20 wt%, wherein the addition amount of the first low-carbon alcohol solution is 3-5 times of the mass of the raw materials of the stems and leaves of the ginseng, the extraction is performed for 1-2 hours to obtain a first extracting solution, the addition amount of the first low-carbon alcohol solution is 1-3 times of the mass of the raw materials of the stems and leaves of the ginseng, the extraction is performed for 0.5-1 hour to obtain a second extracting solution, and the first extracting solution and the second extracting solution are combined.

3. The extraction process of the total saponins of ginseng stems and leaves according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the first step, the lower alcohol is one or a mixture of methanol, ethanol and n-propanol.

4. The extraction process of the total saponins of ginseng stems and leaves according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the second step, the stirring speed is 800-.

5. The extraction process of the total saponins of ginseng stems and leaves according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and in the second step, continuously introducing nitrogen into the residual liquid, and stirring.

6. The extraction process of the total saponins of ginseng stems and leaves according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the second step, the gas flow speed of the introduced nitrogen is 30-200 ml/min.

7. The extraction process of the total saponins of ginseng stems and leaves according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: before the first step, the ginseng stem and leaf raw material is also subjected to crushing treatment, and the crushing treatment is carried out in an ultrasonic environment.

8. The extraction process of the total saponins of ginseng stems and leaves according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the second step, the nitrogen is nitrogen with the temperature of 50-80 ℃.

9. The extraction process of the total saponins of ginseng stems and leaves according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the third step, the foam is dissolved by adopting a mechanical method or a reduced pressure distillation method.

10. The extraction process of the total saponins of ginseng stems and leaves according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the third step, the pH value is adjusted to 5-8.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of traditional Chinese medicines, in particular to a process for extracting total saponins from stems and leaves of ginseng.

Background

Ginseng has functions of beautifying and hairdressing, and is widely applied in cosmetics. The main reasons of skin aging are poor blood circulation, reduced metabolism and weakened skin elasticity. Because ginseng contains various ginsenosides, amino acids, vitamins and minerals, the ginseng has the effects of promoting blood circulation of subcutaneous capillaries, increasing nutrition supply of skin, preventing arteriosclerosis, regulating skin moisture balance and the like when added into a skin care product. Therefore, it can delay skin aging, prevent skin from drying and dehydrating, and increase skin elasticity, thereby playing the roles of protecting skin luster and tenderness, and preventing and reducing skin wrinkles, and the ginseng active substance also has the function of inhibiting the reduction of melanin, so that the skin is white and smooth.

Ginsenoside is a steroid compound, triterpene saponin. Mainly exists in ginseng medicinal materials. Ginsenosides are considered as active ingredients in ginseng and thus have been the object of research. Ginsenosides all have a similar basic structure and all contain a steroid core of 30 carbons arranged in four rings. They are divided into two groups depending on the glycosidic architecture: dammarane type and oleanane type. The prior art has the problem of low extraction rate of ginsenoside.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art and provides an extraction process of total saponins in ginseng stems and leaves.

The technical solution of the invention is as follows:

a process for extracting total saponins from stems and leaves of ginseng comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: removing residues of the ginseng stem and leaf raw materials by using a low-carbon alcohol solution with the water content of 0-20 wt% to obtain a pretreated ginseng stem and leaf stock solution;

step two: introducing nitrogen into the stock solution of the pretreated ginseng stems and leaves in the first step, stirring simultaneously to obtain foams and residual solution containing the total saponins of ginseng, and separating the foams from the residual solution;

step three: dissolving the foam obtained in the second step to obtain a ginseng total saponin solution, adjusting the pH value, passing the ginseng total saponin solution through a macroporous resin column, eluting with ethanol or an ethanol water solution, collecting the eluent, and evaporating to obtain the ginseng total saponin.

Preferably, in the first step, the residue removing treatment specifically comprises the steps of extracting the raw materials of the stems and leaves of the ginseng for at least 2 times by using a low carbon alcohol solution with the water content of 0-20 wt%, wherein the adding amount of the first low carbon alcohol solution is 3-5 times of the mass of the raw materials of the stems and leaves of the ginseng, extracting for 1-2 hours to obtain a first extracting solution, the adding amount of the first low carbon alcohol solution is 1-3 times of the mass of the raw materials of the stems and leaves of the ginseng, extracting for 0.5-1 hour to obtain a second extracting solution, and combining the first extracting solution and the second extracting solution to obtain the raw solution of the stems and leaves.

Preferably, in the first step, the lower alcohol is one or more of methanol, ethanol and n-propanol.

Preferably, in the second step, the stirring speed is 800-2000 r/min.

Preferably, in the second step, nitrogen is continuously introduced into the residual liquid, and stirring is performed.

Preferably, in the second step, the gas flow rate of the introduced nitrogen is 30-200 ml/min.

Preferably, before the first step, the ginseng stem and leaf raw material is further subjected to a pulverization treatment, wherein the pulverization treatment is performed in an ultrasonic environment.

Preferably, in the second step, the nitrogen is nitrogen at 50-80 ℃.

Preferably, in the third step, the foam is dissolved by a mechanical method or a reduced pressure distillation method.

Preferably, in step three, the pH is adjusted to 5-8.

The invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

(1) the extraction process of the ginseng stem leaf total saponin is green and environment-friendly, adopts a foam separation method, greatly reduces the using amount of a solvent, reduces the environmental protection pressure caused by the solvent, and simultaneously carries out residue removal treatment on the ginseng stem leaf to ensure the safety of the ginseng stem leaf.

(2) The extraction process of the total saponins of the ginseng stem leaves adopts a foam separation method, utilizes the performance of the total saponins as a surfactant, carries out foam separation, adsorbs the total saponins on the surface of foam, and obtains the total saponins of the ginseng stem leaves through the foam separation; in addition, the bubbling effect is accelerated by combining air blowing and proper stirring speed, the total saponin is extracted after the bubbles are obtained, the method is novel and unique, and the extraction effect is excellent.

Detailed Description

This section will describe in detail specific embodiments of the invention.