阅读说明：本技术 一种热开裂破岩的装置及施工方法 (Thermal cracking rock breaking device and construction method ) 是由 王雁冰 陈剑雷 张航 王国豪 任斌 彭喆 于 2021-07-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种热开裂破岩的装置及施工方法,包括机架、水箱、支撑台和蒸汽破岩管,机架上设置有水箱,机架的前端设置有支撑台,支撑台上贯穿有若干个蒸汽破岩管,蒸汽破岩管通过水泵与水箱连通,蒸汽破岩管上设置有加热片和若干个蒸汽孔,加热片与电源电连接,每个蒸汽破岩管对应岩石断面上的一个钻孔。本发明利用水蒸气向岩石孔隙、裂缝中进行扩散,使岩石受热达到松动的效果,由高温水蒸气的扩散作用可在岩层中形成一破碎网络,提高松动破岩效果；再利用综掘机进行掘进,破岩效果与速度明显快于未处理的状态,且刀盘损坏程度明显降低,掘进工作效率明显提高。(The invention discloses a thermal cracking rock breaking device and a construction method, the device comprises a rack, a water tank, a support table and steam rock breaking pipes, wherein the water tank is arranged on the rack, the support table is arranged at the front end of the rack, a plurality of steam rock breaking pipes penetrate through the support table, the steam rock breaking pipes are communicated with the water tank through a water pump, a heating plate and a plurality of steam holes are arranged on the steam rock breaking pipes, the heating plate is electrically connected with a power supply, and each steam rock breaking pipe corresponds to one drilled hole on a rock section. According to the invention, water vapor is diffused into pores and cracks of the rock, so that the rock is heated to achieve a loosening effect, and a crushing network can be formed in a rock stratum under the diffusion action of high-temperature water vapor, so that the loosening and rock breaking effects are improved; and the fully-mechanized excavating machine is used for excavating, the rock breaking effect and speed are obviously higher than those in an unprocessed state, the damage degree of the cutter head is obviously reduced, and the excavating working efficiency is obviously improved.)

1. The utility model provides a device of rock is broken in thermal cracking which characterized in that: including frame, water tank, brace table and the broken rock pipe of steam, be provided with in the frame the water tank, the front end of frame is provided with the brace table, it has a plurality of to run through on the brace table the broken rock pipe of steam, the broken rock pipe of steam pass through the water pump with the water tank intercommunication, be provided with heating plate and a plurality of steam hole on the broken rock pipe of steam, the heating plate is connected, every the broken rock pipe of steam corresponds a drilling on the rock section.

2. The thermal cracking rock breaking device of claim 1, wherein: the steam rock breaking pipe is a U-shaped pipe made of metal with a high heat transfer coefficient, the steam holes are uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the U-shaped pipe, one end of the U-shaped pipe is connected with the water inlet pipe, the other end of the U-shaped pipe is connected with the water return pipe, the water inlet pipe and the water return pipe are communicated with the water tank, and the water pump is arranged on the water inlet pipe.

3. The thermal cracking rock breaking device of claim 2, wherein: the pipe diameter of the U-shaped pipe is 5-13mm, the aperture of the steam hole is 1-4mm, the length of the U-shaped pipe extending out of the supporting table is at least 1m, and the overall width of the U-shaped pipe is 30 mm.

4. The thermal cracking rock breaking device of claim 1, wherein: one end of each steam rock breaking pipe, which is close to the support table, is provided with a heat insulation sealing ring, the outer diameter of each heat insulation sealing ring is matched with the drilled hole, the thickness of each heat insulation sealing ring is 10-30mm, and the heat insulation sealing rings are made of fully aromatic polyimide.

5. The thermal cracking rock breaking device of claim 4, wherein: the heating plate is an arc-shaped surface and welded on the lower surface of the steam rock breaking pipe extending out of the heat insulation sealing ring.

6. The thermal cracking rock breaking device of claim 1, wherein: the steam rock breaking pipes on the support table are arranged in a rectangular array, the water inlet end or the water outlet end of each row of the steam rock breaking pipes are communicated with the water inlet pipe or the water return pipe through a transverse pipe, electromagnetic valves are arranged on the transverse pipes and the corresponding short pipes communicated with the vertical pipes of the water inlet pipe or the water return pipe, and the electromagnetic valves and the water pump are electrically connected with a controller.

7. The thermal cracking rock breaking device of claim 6, wherein: the water tank is characterized in that the steam rock breaking pipe is shared by one water inlet pipe above the highest horizontal plane, the steam rock breaking pipe is shared by another water inlet pipe below the highest horizontal plane, and the water inlet pipes are provided with water pumps.

8. The thermal cracking rock breaking device of claim 1, wherein: the frame is arranged on a transverse moving mechanism or a chassis of a walking vehicle.

9. A construction method for breaking rock by thermal cracking is based on the device for breaking rock by thermal cracking of any one of claims 1 to 8, and is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:

moving a device for breaking rock by thermal cracking to the front of an excavation section, marking a position corresponding to the center of each U-shaped pipe on the excavation section, and horizontally drilling by using a handheld drilling machine until the depth of the drilled hole meets the construction requirement;

secondly, inserting the steam rock breaking pipes into the drill holes in a one-to-one correspondence mode, enabling the heat insulation sealing rings to block the end portions of the drill holes, sequentially opening electromagnetic valves on a water inlet pipe and a water return pipe to inject water into the U-shaped pipes, closing the electromagnetic valves after water injection is finished, electrifying a heating sheet to continuously heat the U-shaped pipes to a set temperature, and keeping for at least 10 minutes to enable steam to be fully diffused into rock gaps in the drill holes;

and step three, after the set time of the water vapor loosening rock breaking is reached, moving the thermal cracking rock breaking device backwards, performing tunneling work by using a fully-mechanized excavating machine, performing thermal loosening rock breaking by the thermal cracking rock breaking device again after tunneling is completed, and performing reciprocating circulation until the tunneling work is finished.

10. The construction method of thermal cracking rock breaking as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: the drilling depth is 1.2 times of the length of the U-shaped pipe extending out of the heat insulation sealing ring, and the heating set temperature of the U-shaped pipe is at least 500 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rock breaking, in particular to a thermal cracking rock breaking device and a construction method.

Background

In the traditional full coal roadway and half coal rock roadway tunneling, a blasting excavation process is generally adopted for construction, the blasting excavation process has high requirements on the labor intensity of field workers, rock breaking procedures such as hole drilling, charging, blasting and the like are required, and the workload is very large. In order to meet the requirements of efficient mine construction and construction safety improvement, a fully-mechanized excavating machine can be adopted for working in the traditional full-coal roadway and half-coal rock roadway excavation. The adoption of the fully-mechanized excavating machine obviously improves the construction efficiency and the safety, but the fully-mechanized excavating machine is only suitable for the roadway with the rock stratum hardness coefficient less than 7, so that the construction process of firstly loosening and breaking rock and then excavating appears. The traditional loosening method is blasting loosening, and the safety is low; later, microwave heating based rock breaking technology appeared, but the microwave rock breaking technology has the defects that the depth range of microwave radiation is small, the effective effect only appears near the surface layer of the working surface every time, and the working efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a thermal cracking rock breaking device and a construction method, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art and improving the safety and the working efficiency of roadway excavation.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:

the invention provides a thermal cracking rock breaking device which comprises a rack, a water tank, a support table and steam rock breaking pipes, wherein the water tank is arranged on the rack, the support table is arranged at the front end of the rack, a plurality of steam rock breaking pipes penetrate through the support table, the steam rock breaking pipes are communicated with the water tank through a water pump, a heating plate and a plurality of steam holes are arranged on the steam rock breaking pipes, the heating plate is electrically connected with a power supply, and each steam rock breaking pipe corresponds to one drill hole on a rock section.

Preferably, the steam rock breaking pipe is a U-shaped pipe made of a metal material with a high heat transfer coefficient, the steam holes are uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the U-shaped pipe, one end of the U-shaped pipe is connected with a water inlet pipe, the other end of the U-shaped pipe is connected with a water return pipe, the water inlet pipe and the water return pipe are communicated with the water tank, and the water inlet pipe is provided with the water pump.

Preferably, the pipe diameter of the U-shaped pipe is 5-13mm, the aperture of the steam hole is 1-4mm, the length of the U-shaped pipe extending out of the support table is at least 1m, and the whole width of the U-shaped pipe is 30 mm.

Preferably, each broken rock pipe of steam is close to one of brace table is served and all is provided with thermal-insulated sealing washer, thermal-insulated sealing washer's external diameter with drilling phase-match, thermal-insulated sealing washer's thickness is 10-30mm, thermal-insulated sealing washer's material is full aromatic polyimide.

Preferably, the heating plate is an arc-shaped surface and welded on the lower surface of the steam rock breaking pipe extending out of the heat insulation sealing ring.

Preferably, the broken rock pipe of steam on the brace table is the rectangular array and arranges, every row the end of intaking or the play water end of broken rock pipe of steam through a violently pipe with inlet tube or wet return intercommunication, violently the pipe with correspond all be provided with the solenoid valve on the nozzle stub of the standpipe intercommunication of inlet tube or wet return, the solenoid valve with the water pump all is connected with a controller electricity.

Preferably, the water inlet pipe is shared by the steam rock breaking pipes above the highest horizontal plane of the water tank, the water inlet pipe is shared by the steam rock breaking pipes below the highest horizontal plane of the water tank, and the water pumps are arranged on the two water inlet pipes.

Preferably, the frame is mounted on a chassis of a traversing mechanism or a traveling vehicle.

The invention also relates to a construction method for breaking rock through thermal cracking, which is based on the device for breaking rock through thermal cracking and specifically comprises the following steps:

moving a device for breaking rock by thermal cracking to the front of an excavation section, marking a position corresponding to the center of each U-shaped pipe on the excavation section, and horizontally drilling by using a handheld drilling machine until the depth of the drilled hole meets the construction requirement;

secondly, inserting the steam rock breaking pipes into the drill holes in a one-to-one correspondence mode, enabling the heat insulation sealing rings to block the end portions of the drill holes, sequentially opening electromagnetic valves on a water inlet pipe and a water return pipe to inject water into the U-shaped pipes, closing the electromagnetic valves after water injection is finished, electrifying a heating sheet to continuously heat the U-shaped pipes to a set temperature, and keeping for at least 10 minutes to enable steam to be fully diffused into rock gaps in the drill holes;

and step three, after the set time of the water vapor loosening rock breaking is reached, moving the thermal cracking rock breaking device backwards, performing tunneling work by using a fully-mechanized excavating machine, performing thermal loosening rock breaking by the thermal cracking rock breaking device again after tunneling is completed, and performing reciprocating circulation until the tunneling work is finished.

Preferably, the drilling depth is 1.2 times of the length of the U-shaped pipe extending out of the heat insulation sealing ring, and the heating set temperature of the U-shaped pipe is at least 500 ℃.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

according to the invention, water vapor is diffused into pores and cracks of the rock, so that the rock is heated to achieve a loosening effect, and a crushing network can be formed in a rock stratum under the diffusion action of high-temperature water vapor, so that the loosening and rock breaking effects are improved; and the fully-mechanized excavating machine is used for excavating, the rock breaking effect and speed are obviously higher than those in an unprocessed state, the damage degree of the cutter head is obviously reduced, and the excavating working efficiency is obviously improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal cracking rock breaking device of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a working section of the thermal cracking rock breaking device of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the layout structure of a single-row steam rock breaking pipe in the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a U-shaped tube according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the heat insulating sealing ring according to the present invention;

wherein: 1-thermal cracking rock breaking device, 2-frame, 3-walking vehicle, 4-water tank, 5-support table, 6-steam rock breaking pipe, 7-heating plate, 8-steam hole, 9-heat insulation sealing ring, 10-water inlet pipe, 11-water return pipe, 12-water pump, 13-electromagnetic valve, 14-drilling hole and 15-transverse pipe.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

The invention aims to provide a thermal cracking rock breaking device and a construction method, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art and improving the safety and the working efficiency of roadway excavation.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5: this embodiment provides a device 1 of broken rock of thermal cracking, which comprises a frame 2, water tank 4, brace table 5 and the broken rock pipe 6 of steam, be provided with water tank 4 in the frame 2, the front end of frame 2 is provided with brace table 5, it has the broken rock pipe 6 of a plurality of steam to run through on the brace table 5, the broken rock pipe 6 of steam passes through water pump 12 and water tank 4 intercommunication, be provided with heating plate 7 and a plurality of steam hole 8 on the broken rock pipe 6 of steam, heating plate 7 is connected with the power electricity, the broken rock pipe 6 of every steam corresponds drilling 14 on the rock section. The frame 2 is arranged on a chassis of a traversing mechanism or a traveling vehicle 3, so that the frame can be moved conveniently.

Broken rock pipe 6 of steam is the U type pipe of high heat transfer coefficient metal material, the equipartition has steam hole 8 on the upper surface of U type pipe, inlet tube 10 is connected to the one end of U type pipe, wet return 11 is connected to the other end, inlet tube 10 and wet return 11 all communicate with water tank 4, set up water pump 12 on the inlet tube 10, can in time flow back unnecessary water to water tank 4 in, also can judge whether fill water in the U type pipe through the back flow, prevent that the working face from appearing a large amount of ponding and influencing work safety. The steam rock breaking pipe 6 can be a straight pipe or a straight pipe, and the water inflow is controlled. The pipe diameter of the U-shaped pipe is 5-13mm, the whole width of the U-shaped pipe is 30mm, the aperture of the steam hole 8 is 1-4mm, the pipe diameter of the U-shaped pipe is 7.5mm in the embodiment, the aperture of the steam hole 8 is 3mm, the length of the U-shaped pipe extending out of the support table 5 is at least 1m, the length of the one-time thermal cracking broken rock can be effectively prolonged, and the working efficiency of tunneling is effectively improved. The end, close to the supporting table 5, of each steam rock breaking pipe 6 is provided with a heat insulation sealing ring 9, the outer diameter of each heat insulation sealing ring 9 is matched with the corresponding drill hole 14, after the drill holes 14 are plugged by the heat insulation sealing rings 9, the escape of high-temperature water vapor can be reduced to the maximum extent, a high-temperature and high-pressure environment can be formed in the drill holes 14, and the working efficiency of the device and the rock breaking effect can be improved. The thickness of the heat insulation sealing ring 9 is 10-30mm, the heat insulation sealing ring 9 in the embodiment is made of full aromatic polyimide, heat insulation and high temperature resistance are achieved, and the rotary hole is sealed to avoid steam leakage. The heating plate 7 is an arc-shaped surface, and the heating plate 7 is welded on the lower surface of the steam rock breaking pipe 6 extending out of the heat insulation sealing ring 9, so that the evaporation channel of steam is not influenced.

The broken rock pipe 6 of steam on the brace table 5 is the rectangle array and arranges, and the end of intaking or the play water end of the broken rock pipe 6 of steam of each row all is provided with solenoid valve 13 on the nozzle stub of violently managing 15 and the standpipe intercommunication of inlet tube 10 or wet return 11 that correspond, and the automatic backward flow of water that is higher than the level is avoided in water tank 4, and solenoid valve 13 and water pump 12 all are connected with a controller electricity. The steam rock breaking pipes 6 above the highest level of the water tank 4 share one water inlet pipe 10, the steam rock breaking pipes 6 below the highest level of the water tank 4 share the other water inlet pipe 10, and water pumps 12 are arranged on the two water inlet pipes 10.

The embodiment also discloses a construction method for breaking rock through thermal cracking, which is based on the device 1 for breaking rock through thermal cracking and specifically comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the steps of firstly, moving the device 1 for thermally cracking and breaking rock to the front of an excavation section, marking the corresponding position of the center of each U-shaped pipe on the excavation section, and horizontally drilling by using a handheld drilling machine until the depth of a drill hole 14 meets the construction requirement.

And step two, inserting the steam rock breaking pipes 6 into the drill holes 14 in a one-to-one correspondence mode, enabling the heat insulation sealing rings 9 to block the end portions of the drill holes 14, sequentially opening the electromagnetic valves 13 on the water inlet pipe 10 and the water return pipe 11 to inject water into the U-shaped pipes, closing the electromagnetic valves 13 after water injection is finished, electrifying the heating plates 7 to continuously heat the U-shaped pipes to a set temperature, keeping the temperature for at least 10 minutes, and fully diffusing steam into rock gaps in the drill holes 14. The controller can circulate in proper order according to the actual water use condition and open solenoid valve 13, opens the circulation and advances the water mode, and the guarantee U-shaped intraductal has the deposit water.

And step three, after the set time of the water vapor loosening rock breaking is reached, moving the device 1 for thermally cracking rock breaking backwards, performing tunneling work by using a fully-mechanized excavating machine, performing thermally loosening rock breaking by the device 1 for thermally cracking rock breaking again after tunneling is completed, and performing reciprocating circulation until the tunneling work is finished.

The depth of the drill hole 14 is about 1.2 times of the length of the U-shaped pipe extending out of the heat insulation sealing ring 9, the heating set temperature of the U-shaped pipe is at least 500 ℃, the temperature of water vapor in the drill hole 14 can be about 350 ℃, the temperature of 200-300 ℃ can obviously reduce the sandstone strength under the sandstone working condition, the water vapor diffuses into the rock pores and cracks, the rock is heated to achieve the loosening effect, and a crushing network can be formed in a rock stratum due to the diffusion effect of high-temperature water vapor.

The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.