阅读说明：本技术 一种立式循环悬浮风干机及其物料风干方法 (Vertical circulating suspension air dryer and material air drying method thereof ) 是由 段永改 陈伟 于 2021-07-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种立式循环悬浮风干机,包括外筒、内筒、螺旋叶片、进料口、出料口和进风口,所述的内筒穿过外筒,并与外筒固定在一起,所述的螺旋叶片设置在所述的内筒中,所述的螺旋叶片与所述的外筒连接,所述的螺旋叶片的一端设置有动力机构,所述的内筒的上部设置有上循环口,内筒的下部设置有下循环口,所述的进料口和出料口设置在内筒或外筒上,所述的进风口设置在内筒上。本发明中物料在外筒和内筒之间循环,每次循环,物料的物理结合水和化学结合水在外筒内转变为机械结合水,然后进入内筒,在热风的作用下机械结合水被除去,如此循环可以实现物料快速脱水烘干。与微波烘干相比,设备投资低,而且设备处理能力大,可以用于低附加值的物料烘干。(The invention relates to a vertical circulating suspension air dryer which comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a helical blade, a feeding hole, a discharging hole and an air inlet, wherein the inner cylinder penetrates through the outer cylinder and is fixed with the outer cylinder, the helical blade is arranged in the inner cylinder and is connected with the outer cylinder, one end of the helical blade is provided with a power mechanism, the upper part of the inner cylinder is provided with an upper circulating hole, the lower part of the inner cylinder is provided with a lower circulating hole, the feeding hole and the discharging hole are arranged on the inner cylinder or the outer cylinder, and the air inlet is arranged on the inner cylinder. The material circulates between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and each circulation converts the physically combined water and the chemically combined water of the material into mechanically combined water in the outer cylinder, then the mechanically combined water enters the inner cylinder, and the mechanically combined water is removed under the action of hot air, so that the circulation can realize the rapid dehydration and drying of the material. Compared with microwave drying, the method has the advantages of low equipment investment and high equipment processing capacity, and can be used for drying materials with low additional value.)

1. The utility model provides a vertical circulation suspension air dryer which characterized in that: the inner cylinder penetrates through the outer cylinder and is fixed together with the outer cylinder, the spiral blade is arranged in the inner cylinder, the spiral blade is connected with the outer cylinder, a power mechanism is arranged at one end of the spiral blade, an upper circulation port is formed in the upper portion of the inner cylinder, a lower circulation port is formed in the lower portion of the inner cylinder, the feed inlet and the discharge port are formed in the inner cylinder or the outer cylinder, and the air inlet is formed in the inner cylinder.

2. The vertical circulating air dryer of claim 1, wherein: the top of the outer barrel is provided with an air outlet mechanism.

3. The vertical circulating air dryer of claim 1, wherein: the air outlet mechanism is connected with a dust removal mechanism and/or an adsorption odor removal mechanism.

4. The vertical circulating air dryer of claim 1, wherein: the air inlet is connected with a hot air mechanism.

5. The vertical circulating air dryer of claim 4, wherein: the hot air mechanism comprises an air dehumidifying mechanism, an air auxiliary heating mechanism and a main heating mechanism, and the air is changed into hot air with low water content sequentially through the air dehumidifying mechanism, the air auxiliary heating mechanism and the main heating mechanism.

6. The vertical circulating air dryer of claim 1, wherein: and the spiral blades are provided with air holes.

7. The vertical circulating air dryer of claim 1, wherein: and a circulating switch is arranged at the position of the outer cylinder relative to the bottom of the inner cylinder.

8. The vertical circulating air dryer of claim 1, wherein: the outer cylinder comprises an upper fixed cylinder and a lower conical rotating cylinder, and the upper fixed cylinder and the lower conical rotating cylinder are rotatably connected.

9. The vertical circulating air dryer of claim 7, wherein: and a baffle plate is arranged in the lower conical rotating cylinder.

10. A method for drying particulate material, characterized in that a vertical circulating suspension air dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used, comprising the steps of:

(1) through the action of the feed inlet and the helical blades, the materials to be dried enter the inner cylinder, the materials to be dried enter the outer cylinder from the bottom of the inner cylinder through the action of the helical blades, the materials to be dried are discharged from the top of the inner cylinder and enter the outer cylinder, the materials freely fall to the bottom of the outer cylinder, the materials circulate between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder under the action of the helical blades, and hot air enters the materials in the inner cylinder from the lower part of the inner cylinder to lift and air-dry the materials in the inner cylinder;

(2) the feeding port continuously feeds materials, when the materials are fed to a set height, the feeding port is closed, the materials circulate between the inner barrel and the outer barrel, the materials in the inner barrel are dried by hot air to remove moisture, the temperature of the lower parts of the materials in the outer barrel is high, the materials are naturally fermented, the moisture in the materials is discharged to the outside through fermentation, and then the materials enter the inner barrel for hot air drying;

(3) when the material is dried to the set water content, the discharge hole is opened to discharge the material, and the air drying operation of the material is completed.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a vertical circulating suspension air dryer and a material air drying method thereof, belonging to drying equipment.

Background

In the working process of the air dryer, hot air is in contact with an article to be dried to form a humidity difference with the surface of the article to be dried, heat and humidity exchange is generated, and finally, a dehumidification process is completed. The main factors influencing the drying effect are the temperature, the wind speed, the material surface area, the relative humidity (air in the drying room), the material form, the moisture dispersing speed of the material, and the like. The temperature mainly acts on evaporating water in the material, generally speaking, the higher the temperature is, the faster the water is, the different materials need different drying temperatures, and the other function is to ensure the shape and color of the dried material. The main effect of wind speed is with the heat give the material and take away the moisture on material surface, and the complete circulation of the inside air of storehouse body can only be guaranteed to sufficient amount of wind, needs design according to the parameter of material characteristic and unit. The larger the surface area of the material in contact with air is, the faster the moisture is taken away. Relative humidity, the lower relative humidity of air in the baking house, the material goes out water just also faster, but not all materials or different drying stages all are suitable for quick water, and probably someone can think that the material is put the thinner the better, and actually not, the surface area is the bigger, and the velocity of flow of wind is faster, and the absorptive heat of material will reduce. The material form mainly comprises strips, blocks, sheets, powder and the like, generally, the drying efficiency of sheet materials is faster than that of the sheet materials, the drying efficiency of block or rhizome materials is slower, and the material form determines the placing mode of the materials and the design of an air channel. The above effects can be achieved by designing different process conditions to optimize the drying process. The strength of the binding force of dry matters and water is also one of the important factors influencing the drying time and the equipment type selection. The water in the wet material is divided into three forms of mechanical bound water, physical and chemical bound water according to the strength of the binding force of the dry material and the water.

1. Mechanically bound water

Mechanically bound water is usually present in a free, free state, and this class of water mainly includes moisture in capillaries and moisture sticking to the surface of wet materials. The moisture and the materials are combined through capillary force and surface adhesion. Thus, the water is more fluid and can be easily removed by evaporation during the drying of the material.

2. Physical and chemical combined water

The physical and chemical bound water mainly comprises adsorption bound water, structural bound water and osmotic pressure bound water. The adsorbed and combined water is combined with the cell protoplasm stably in a colloidal state, is firmly combined with the material, and can be slowly removed from the material only after being changed into steam, so that more energy is required to be consumed for removing the water during drying. The osmotic bonding water is formed by the diffusion of water through a wall membrane due to osmotic pressure generated by concentration difference between the inside and the outside of a material tissue wall.

3. Chemically bound water

The chemically bound water is stable and is strongly bound to the material, and chemical reaction or intense heat treatment is required to remove the chemically bound water. Generally, we do not exclude chemically bound water when drying. Because the removal of chemically bound water not only requires a considerable expenditure of energy, but also changes in the physical or biochemical properties of the material.

Most of the existing drying equipment adopts heat energy drying, which is mainly classified as (1) heat conduction drying. By thermally conductive drying is meant that thermal energy is transferred to the wet material in the form of heat conduction. Thermal conduction is the transfer of energy due to a temperature difference inside an object or a difference in the temperature of two objects in contact with each other. (2) And (4) carrying out thermal convection drying. Thermal convection drying refers to the transfer of heat energy to wet materials in a convective manner, which is the image of heat transfer due to the relative displacement of fluids at different temperatures caused by the macroscopic motion of the fluids. The heat convection mainly occurs in gas and liquid media, and the essence of the heat convection is that the energy of a high-temperature area is transferred to a low-temperature area by virtue of diffusion movement, elastic collision, short-range free movement and macroscopic flow of atoms and molecules. In the building material and chemical industry, materials are usually in powder form, so that a convection drying method is generally adopted. (3) And (4) drying by heat radiation. In thermal radiation drying, the wet material absorbs heat energy emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves from a radiation source, which may be either thermal or electrical, such as an infrared bulb, to raise the temperature of the material for vaporization drying, or a hot metal or ceramic radiation plate to generate infrared radiation. (4) And (4) dielectric heating and drying. Dielectric heating drying refers to drying wet material by heating the material by subjecting the wet material to alternating high frequency electric fields. Conduction drying, convection drying and radiation drying are all that heat energy is transferred from the surface to the inside of a material, moisture is diffused from the inside of the material to the surface, and the removal of mechanically bound water is good, but the removal of physically and chemically bound water is not good; the microwave heating drying is different, the heat transfer and the moisture diffusion are carried out from the inside to the surface of the material, the three forms of mechanical bound water, physical and chemical bound water are better, but the microwave heating drying has the defects of high energy consumption and high required cost, and cannot be used for drying the material with low added value on a large scale. In addition, the existing drying equipment is generally horizontal or a drying room, the occupied area is large, the internal space of the drying equipment is limited, but the materials cannot be fully contacted with hot air, so that the drying effect is poor, and the energy consumption is large.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a vertical circulating suspension air dryer and a material air drying method thereof, which solve the problems of poor removal effect of the existing drying equipment on physically combined water and chemically combined water of dried materials, large occupied area, high energy consumption and the like,

the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a vertical circulation suspension air dryer, includes urceolus, inner tube, helical blade, feed inlet, discharge gate and air intake, the inner tube pass the urceolus to together fixed with the urceolus, helical blade set up the inner tube in, helical blade with the urceolus connect, helical blade's one end be provided with power unit, the upper portion of inner tube be provided with the upper loop mouth, the lower part of inner tube is provided with down the mouth that circulates, feed inlet and discharge gate set up on inner tube or urceolus, the air intake setting on the inner tube.

Preferably: the top of the outer barrel is provided with an air outlet mechanism.

Preferably: the air outlet mechanism is connected with a dust removal mechanism and/or an adsorption odor removal mechanism.

Preferably: the air inlet is connected with a hot air mechanism

Preferably: the hot air mechanism comprises an air dehumidifying mechanism, an air auxiliary heating mechanism and a main heating mechanism, and the air is changed into hot air with low water content sequentially through the air dehumidifying mechanism, the air auxiliary heating mechanism and the main heating mechanism.

Preferably: the blades of the helical blades are provided with air holes.

Preferably: the outer cylinder comprises an upper fixed cylinder and a lower conical rotating cylinder, and the upper fixed cylinder and the lower conical rotating cylinder are rotatably connected.

Preferably: and a baffle plate is arranged in the lower conical rotating cylinder.

The invention also provides a drying method of the granular materials, and the vertical circulating air dryer adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:

(1) through the action of the feed inlet and the helical blades, the materials to be dried enter the inner cylinder, the materials to be dried enter the outer cylinder from the bottom of the inner cylinder through the action of the helical blades, the materials to be dried are discharged from the top of the inner cylinder and enter the outer cylinder, the materials freely fall to the bottom of the outer cylinder, the materials circulate between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder under the action of the helical blades, and hot air enters the materials in the inner cylinder from the lower part of the inner cylinder to lift and air-dry the materials in the inner cylinder;

(2) the feeding port continuously feeds materials, when the materials are fed to a set height, the feeding port is closed, the materials circulate between the inner barrel and the outer barrel, the materials in the inner barrel are dried by hot air to remove moisture, the temperature of the lower parts of the materials in the outer barrel is high, the materials are naturally fermented in a high-temperature sealing mode, the moisture in the materials is discharged to the outside through fermentation, and then the materials enter the inner barrel for hot air drying;

(3) when the material is dried to the set water content, the discharge hole is opened to discharge the material, and the air drying of the material is completed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the material to be dried is conveyed by the screw rod in the inner cylinder and is simultaneously fully contacted with the hot air, so that the material is conveyed in a suspended state in the inner cylinder, the contact time and the contact area of the hot air and the material are effectively improved, the utilization rate of heat energy can be effectively improved, and the mechanical combined water of the material is effectively removed;

(2) after the mechanical bound water is removed by hot air in the inner cylinder, the material falls into a space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder at the top of the inner cylinder, the temperature of the outer surface of the inner cylinder is gradually reduced from the bottom to the top, and the material falling into the outer cylinder enters a fermentation state in a state of closed temperature at the bottom, so that the physically bound water and the chemically bound water in the material react and are converted into the mechanical bound water;

(3) the material circulates between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, the physical combined water and the chemical combined water of the material which circulates each time are converted into mechanical combined water in the outer cylinder and then enter the inner cylinder, the mechanical combined water is removed under the action of hot air, and the circulation can realize the rapid dehydration and drying of the material. Compared with microwave drying, the method has the advantages of low equipment investment and high equipment processing capacity, and can be used for drying materials with low additional value.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;

in the figure, 1 is an air outlet, 2 is an outer cylinder, 3 is a fixing rod, 4 is an inner cylinder, 5 is a helical blade, 6 is an air inlet, 7 is a discharge port, 8 is a feed inlet, 9 is a speed reducing motor, 10 is a dust removal cloth bag, 11 is an adsorption odor removal mechanism, 12 is an air distribution pipe, 13 is a main heating mechanism, 14 is an air auxiliary heating mechanism, 15 is an air dehumidification mechanism, 16 is a hydraulic cylinder, 17 is a sealing plate, 18 is an upper circulation port, 19 is a lower circulation port, 20 is an upper fixing cylinder, 21 is a baffle plate, and 22 is a lower conical rotating cylinder.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in figure 1, the vertical circulating suspension air dryer comprises an outer cylinder 2, an inner cylinder 4, a helical blade 5, a feeding hole 8, a discharging hole 7 and an air inlet 6, wherein the outer cylinder is generally in a three-dimensional round shape, and a conical bottom is arranged below the outer cylinder. The inner cylinder penetrates through the outer cylinder and is fixed with the outer cylinder, the spiral blade is arranged in the inner cylinder and is connected with the inner cylinder through a bearing, one end of the spiral blade is provided with a power mechanism, the upper part of the inner cylinder is provided with an upper circulation port 18, and the lower part of the inner cylinder is provided with a lower circulation port 19. The material inlet and the material outlet can be arranged at different positions according to the physical and chemical properties of the material, the material inlet and the material outlet are arranged on the inner cylinder or the outer cylinder, the water content of the material in the embodiment is low, the material is basically dispersed, the material inlet is arranged at the bottom of the inner cylinder, and the material outlet is arranged at the lower part of the outer cylinder. The air inlet is used for introducing hot air, the circulating port is used for circulating materials between the inner barrel and the outer barrel, and the lower portion of the inner barrel is arranged at the position of the lower circulating port. The lower end of the helical blade 5 is connected with a power mechanism, the power mechanism is generally a speed reducing motor 9 or a variable frequency motor, and the power mechanism mainly provides power for the rotation of the helical blade 5. The ratio of the diameter of the outer cylinder 2 to the diameter of the inner cylinder 4 is not less than 1:2, generally 1:2 to 1:6, preferably 1: 3.

An air distribution pipe 12 can be arranged on the inner cylinder 4 at the position of the hot air inlet 6 and is used for enabling hot air to uniformly enter the inner cylinder 4. The top of the outer cylinder 2 is provided with an air outlet mechanism which is mainly used for discharging wet air after heat exchange, and the air outlet mechanism is an air outlet 1 in the embodiment.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 2, basically the same as in example 1, but different from this, are:

aiming at different materials, different parts can be arranged on the air outlet mechanism, and if the materials are grains such as corn and wheat, the air outlet 1 can be directly arranged. But to powdery material, need connect dust removal mechanism at air outlet 1, dust removal mechanism select on the market current dust collecting equipment can, this embodiment adopts dust removal sack 10 for the collection of air outlet 1 dust. If the materials contain odor, such as fermented livestock manure products, the materials are in odor and cannot be directly discharged, and a dust removal mechanism and an adsorption odor removal mechanism 11 need to be arranged at the air outlet 1. The adsorption and odor removal mechanism 11 can be an existing odor removal mechanism on the market, and the adsorption and odor removal mechanism is adsorbed by activated carbon.

The air inlet 6 is connected with a hot air mechanism, the hot air mechanism mainly aims at providing dry hot air, the common hot air mechanism is an air dehumidifying mechanism 15 and a heating mechanism, and the heating mechanism is an electric heating mechanism or a gas heating mechanism. By adopting the structure, the air dehumidification needs cooling and condensation, the temperature of the dehumidified air is lower than the ambient temperature, and the energy consumption is high when the heating mechanism is directly adopted for heating.

In this embodiment, the hot air mechanism includes an air dehumidifying mechanism 15, an air auxiliary heating mechanism 14, and a main heating mechanism 13, and the air is changed into hot air with a low water content sequentially through the air dehumidifying mechanism 15, the air auxiliary heating mechanism 14, and the main heating mechanism 13. The dehumidified air is subjected to heat exchange with ambient air in the heat exchange sheet, the temperature is raised to the ambient temperature, and then the air is heated through the electric heating mechanism or the gas heating mechanism, so that the energy consumption is low.

Air is directly supplied through an air inlet pipe, hot air and materials flow through the space between the inner barrel 4 and the helical blades 5 and contact with the materials, and contact is insufficient. In this embodiment, the air holes are formed in the helical blades 5, so that hot air can be fed through the air holes on the basis of original air feeding, the material is in contact with the hot air more sufficiently, the heat energy is fully utilized, and the overall energy consumption is reduced.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 3, basically the same as in example 2, but different from this, are:

direct intercommunication between the bottom of urceolus 2 and inner tube 4 has the feeding and the problem that the circulation goes on simultaneously, if the diameter proportion of interior urceolus 2 is big, has the slow problem of feeding, opens feed inlet 8 for a long time and can cause hot-blast through feed inlet 8 and run away, leads to the problem that the energy consumption is high. Therefore, it is preferable that the outer cylinder 2 is provided with a circulation switch at a position corresponding to the bottom of the inner cylinder 4. The effect of circulation switch is in the space between sealed inner tube 4 and the urceolus 2 in the feeding, makes it last the feeding, and does not circulate, realizes that the material gets into the air dryer fast, can effectual reduction heat energy loss like this, and then improves energy utilization. The structure of the circulation switch may be an existing switch on the market. The structure adopted in the embodiment is that 2 sealing plates are combined into an annular sealing plate, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are sealed, one side of the sealing plate is rotatably installed with the outer cylinder 2, the other side of the sealing plate is contacted with the inner cylinder 4, an opening and closing mechanism is installed on the sealing plate, the opening and closing mechanism can be a lifter or a hydraulic cylinder 16, and the hydraulic cylinder 16 is adopted in the embodiment.

Example 4

As shown in fig. 4, this example is basically the same as example 2, but differs from this example in that the material has a high water content, is agglomerated, and is not easily dispersed. If the material adopts the feeding circulation system of embodiment 2, there are the feeding difficulty, lower circulation mouth is easy stifled, leads to the circulation scheduling problem not smooth. In this embodiment, the feed inlet is arranged at the top of the outer cylinder, and the air inlet is arranged at the bottom of the inner cylinder. The outer cylinder comprises an upper fixed cylinder 20 and a lower conical rotating cylinder 22, and the upper fixed cylinder and the lower conical rotating cylinder are rotatably connected. The lower conical rotating cylinder is connected with a power mechanism and can drive the lower conical rotating cylinder, and a baffle plate 21 is arranged in the lower conical rotating cylinder. The baffle plate rotates, so that materials at the lower circulation opening are separated from the lower circulation opening, the extrusion force of the materials on the helical blade is reduced, the materials can enter the inner barrel under the driving of the helical blade and are conveyed to the upper part from the lower part, the materials are conveyed in the inner barrel in a suspended mode through hot air and the helical blade, the contact area and time of the hot air and the materials are increased, and the drying efficiency is effectively improved.

Example 5

The invention discloses a particle material drying method, which adopts a vertical circulating air dryer and comprises the following steps:

(1) through the action of the feed port 8 and the helical blade 5, the material to be dried enters the inner barrel 4, the material to be dried enters from the bottom of the inner barrel 4 through the action of the helical blade 5, the top of the material is discharged and enters the outer barrel 2, the material is conveyed in a suspended state in the inner barrel under the action of hot air, the material freely falls to the bottom of the outer barrel 2 through the upper circulation port, the material circulates between the inner barrel and the outer barrel under the action of the helical blade 5, and hot air enters from the lower part of the inner barrel 4 to lift and air-dry the material in the inner barrel 4;

(2) the feeding port 8 continuously feeds materials, when the materials are fed to a set height, the feeding port 8 is closed, the materials circulate between the inner barrel and the outer barrel 2, the materials in the inner barrel 4 are dried by hot air to remove moisture, the temperature of the lower parts of the materials in the outer barrel 2 is high, the materials are naturally fermented at high temperature in a sealing manner, so that the moisture in the materials is discharged to the outside through fermentation, and then the materials enter the inner barrel 4 for hot air drying;

(3) when the material is dried to the set water content, the discharge port 7 is opened to discharge the material, and the air drying of the material is completed.

Compared with the traditional air dryer, the air dryer has the advantages of low energy consumption, energy conservation of more than 30 percent by processing the same materials, vertical design and small occupied area.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it would be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the claims.